沙市四中唐凡高考英語閱讀理解技巧高考英語閱讀理解各類題型考察比例

一般針對某個特定細節而提出，通讀短文后一般能直接找出答題依據。

細節理解題Questionsofdetails

事實細節題干常用when,where,who,why,what和how等提問或要求用此類信息補全句子，考查對應的六大信息內容1.Howdoestheauthorunderstand...?

2.Whoaretheintended(預期的)readersofthepassage?3.Whatdoestheresearchtellusabout...?4.WhendidJimwinhisfirstOlympicgoldmedal?5.Whydidtheauthorandhiswifetry...?事件人物方式時間因果Questionforms:第一步：略讀題干(Skimming)快速瀏覽每道試題的題干(即問題)。第二步：通讀全文(Scanning)

瀏覽題干與選項之后，要帶著“問題”通讀全文。第三步：研讀攻關(Close-reading)

注意對信息進行綜合分析，分清主次、真偽，避免受信息的干擾，陷入高考題所設下的“陷阱”，學會排除干擾項。解題步驟Notlongago.Mywife,PJ,andItriedanewdiet—nottoloseweightbuttoansweranannoyingquestionaboutclimatechange.原因

Whydidtheauthorandhiswifetryanewdiet?A.TotakespecialkindsoffoodB.Torespondtoclimatechange.C.ToloseweightD.Toimprovetheirhealth同義詞Practice:WhydidJebpullhisjacketopenwhenhesawthecougar?A.Togetreadytofight.B.Tofrightenitaway.C.Toprotecttheboy.D.Tocooldown.Lyinginthesunonarock,thecougar(美洲獅)sawJebandhisson,Tom,beforetheysawit.Jebputhisbagdownquicklyandpulledhisjacketopenwithbothhands,makinghimselflookbigtothecougar.Itworked.Thecougarhesitated,readytoattackJeb,butreadytoforgetthewholething,too.

詞義猜測題Wordsincontext從考查內容看，主要是猜測某個生詞、熟詞、短語或句子的意思以及猜測代詞的指代。解題技巧：

①充分利用文中已知信息推測、判斷詞義。②根據因果關系、對比關系、定義、解釋和復述來猜測詞義。1.Whichofthefollowingistheclosestinmeaning

totheword…?2.Theword…couldbestbereplacedby…3.Inthe…paragraph,theword…means(refersto)…4.Accordingtothepassage,…probably

means…5.Theauthorusestheword…tomean…Questionforms:①Provideincentive.Tellyourchildrentheimportanceofsaving.“Foreverydollarheorsheagreestosaveandinvestratherthanspend,youagreetoaddanotherdollartothepot,”saysCathyPareto,expertinmoneyplanning.

Theunderlinedword“incentive”inthisparagraphmeans______.honorB.praiseC.excitementD.encouragement充分利用文中已知信息推測、判斷詞義

②

Bakerconcludesthatpeopledonothavetheabilitytosensewhenthey’rebeingstaredat.Ifpeopledoubttheoutcomeofhistwoexperiments,saidBaker,“Isuggesttheyrepeattheexperimentsandseeforthemselves.”

Theyunderlinedword“outcome”inthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans_____.A.valueB.resultC.performanceD.connection閱讀中常常會遇到一些由熟悉的單詞派生、轉化或合成的新詞。掌握構詞法對猜測詞義很有幫助。

③

Thehouselookedquitenormaloutside,butinsideitwasveryexoticwithfascinatingobjectsondisplay.Ashebeganputtingthemintohisbag,agodcameintotheroom.

Whichofthedefinitionsisclosestinmeaningtotheword“exotic”inthethirdparagraph?A.Messyanduntidy.

B.Richandexpensive.C.ComfortableandcalmingD.Foreignandunusual對比是描述、說明事物的常用方式。對比的事物是互為相反的，因此可根據反義或對比關系從已知推出未知。推理判斷題Questionsofinference

推理判斷就是根據作者的意圖和傾向來完成相關的問題。根據你對文章的理解，來判斷各個選項的正誤。這種閱讀是深層閱讀，最重要的是找出段落或全文的中心意思，抓住主要句子和相關句子。在進行推理時，一定要仔細閱讀短文，千萬不可脫離原文而僅憑個人的看法，主觀臆斷。

1.讀懂問題2.在文中找出關鍵詞、關鍵句，并仔細分析3.排除法刪除不可能的選項4.做出最佳選擇解題步驟1.Theunderlinedsentencesuggeststhat______.2.Wecanconcludefromthethirdparagraphthat____.3.Whichofthefollowingmight/probablyhappenedlater?4.Wecaninfer(推斷)fromthepassagethat___.5.Fromthepassagewecantell/learn______.6.Thewriterofthepassageconsiders_______.7.Thepassageindicates(表明)/implies(暗示)

_.Questionforms:1.

Didyoueverhearastrangesoundcomingfromthewall?Diditsoundlikeaclock?Ifso,itmayhavebeenmadebyabeetle.Longagopeoplethoughtthetickingmeantthatsomeonewasabouttodie.Thusthebeetleiscalled"thedeathwatchbeetle."

Thesoundofthisbeetle________.pleasedpeople.B.surprisedpeople.C.frightenedpeople.D.excitedpeople.Practice:2.

Itisfuntoturnoverabigrockonthebeach.Makesureyouturntherockbacktothepositionitwasinafteryoumovedit.Ifyoudon’tturnitbackover,alltheseaanimalsunderitorclingingto（依附）theundersidewilldie.

Youcantellthatrocks________.A.hurtseaanimalsB.protectseaanimalsC.won’tbefoundonbeachesD.can’tbefoundonbeaches

主旨歸納題

(Mainidea)1.該觀點是作者的觀點（不是他人的觀點，不是描寫、說明，也不一定是科學事實）。2.該觀點可能是作者提倡的，也可能是作者對他人觀點的批駁。3.主旨句具有歸納性、概括性、抽象性的特點，不是部分細節。4.常常結構復雜（命題者有意安排所致）。Questionforms:Thesubjectofthepassageis____.2.Thepassagemainlytalksabout_____.3.What’sthetopicofthispassage?6.Thepointofthepassageisthat_____.8.What’sthetopicofthefirstparagraph?4.Thebestheadlineforthepassagewouldbe____.5.Whichtitlebestgivestheideaofthepassage?7.What’sthemainpointthewriteristryingtomakeinthelastparagraph?Twotypes:mainidea;topic/title

TomstudiedfouryearsattheUniversityofParisanddecidedtoleavebeforehisgraduation.HetransferredtotheUniversityofBerlinandgraduatedwithhonors.HarvardLawSchooland,later,BostonCollegeprovidedhimwithanexcellentlegalbackground.HeispresentlyacorporationlawyerinMiami,Florida.

Themainideaofthisparagraphisthat______.

A.Tom,whohadstudiedatParisUniversitiesforfour

years,movedtoanotheruniversity.

B.Tombecamealawyersincehisgraduationfrom

HarvardLawSchoolandlaterfromBostonCollege.

C.Tomwasanexcellentstudentwhenhestudiedat

Berlinuniversity.

D.Tomreceivedanexcellenteducation.detaildetaildetail

Magellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetripofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyev