Directspeech直接引語(yǔ)

Reportedspeech間接引語(yǔ).直接引述別人的話(huà)，要加引號(hào)用自己的話(huà)轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話(huà)，不用引號(hào)

直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)，即變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句主要需要注意以下五點(diǎn)：1.賓語(yǔ)從句必須用陳述語(yǔ)序。2.主句時(shí)態(tài)決定從句時(shí)態(tài)：如果主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句可以用任何時(shí)態(tài)（原題給的啥時(shí)態(tài)就用啥時(shí)態(tài)）；如果主句為一般過(guò)去式，從句必須要用所給時(shí)態(tài)的對(duì)應(yīng)的過(guò)去式。3.引導(dǎo)詞。4.人稱(chēng)的轉(zhuǎn)換。5.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的轉(zhuǎn)換。1.陳述句直接引語(yǔ)如果是陳述句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，用連詞that引導(dǎo)（that在口語(yǔ)中常省略）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

Hesaid,“I‘mafraidIcan’tfinishthiswork.”

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)Hesaid,“I'meatinganapple.”

一般將來(lái)時(shí)

Tomsaidtome“I’llgotoShanghainextweek”一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)→Hesaidthathewasafraidhecouldn‘tfinishthatwork.→

Hesaidthathewaseatinganapple.

TomtoldmethathewouldgotoShanghaithenextweek.

2.直接引語(yǔ)如果是疑問(wèn)句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要把疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序改為陳述句語(yǔ)序。

1）一般疑問(wèn)句。用whether或if引導(dǎo)。主句中的動(dòng)詞是said時(shí)改為asked，沒(méi)有間接賓語(yǔ)的，可以加一個(gè)間接賓語(yǔ)。

Eg.He

said,

“Are

you

a

student?”Eg.“Are

you

sorry

for

what

you

have

done?”the

mother

asked

the

boy.He

askedme

whether

I

was

a

student.

The

mother

asked

the

boy

if

he

was

sorry

for

what

he

had

done.

The

father

asked

his

son

where

he

was

going.

2）特殊疑問(wèn)句。仍用原來(lái)的疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)。Eg.“Where

are

you

going?”

the

father

asked

his

son.Eg.Thepolicemanaskedthesmallboy,“Wheredoyoulive?”3.祈使句。句型：tell/ask/ordersb(not)todosthEg.“Write

your

names

on

your

papers

first,”

theteacher

said

to

us.Thepolicemanaskedthesmallboywherehelived.The

teacher

told

us

to

write

our

names

on

our

papers

first.直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)變化有其內(nèi)在規(guī)律，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)由“現(xiàn)在”改為“原來(lái)”。（例：now變?yōu)閠hen,

yesterday變?yōu)?/p>

the

day

before,today變?yōu)閠hatdayHesaid,“Iwanttogoswimmingnow.”→Hesaidhewantedtogoswimmingthen.地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，尤其表示方向性的，

here變there

Theteachersaid,“Youshouldcomehereat7:00.”

→TheteachersaidIshouldgothereat7:00.指示代詞修飾的狀語(yǔ)，由“此”改為“彼”

例：this

改為thatHe

said,

"This

books

is

mine.“

→He

said

that

book

was

his.thisthatthesethosenowthenthatdaytodayyesterdaythedaybeforetomorrowthenextdaynextweek（month，year）thenextweek(month,year)heretherecomegothisweekthatweek如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)不變。Hesays,“I’mnotgoodatmath.”Hesaysthathe’snotgoodatmath.1.“You

should

be

more

careful

next

time,”

his

father

said

to

him.2.Mr.Wang

said,“I

will

leave

for

Shanghai

on

business

next

month.”3.She

said

to

him,

“It’s

time

that

you

left

here.”His

father

told

him

that

he

should

be

more

careful

the

next

time.

Mr.

Wang

said

that

he

would

leave

for

Shanghai

on

business

the

next

month.She

told

him

that

it

was

time

that

he

left

there.

練習(xí)注：

(1)如果在當(dāng)天轉(zhuǎn)述today,yesterday,tomorrow等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)也不必改變。

(2)如果在當(dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述，here不必改為there，動(dòng)詞come不必改為go.(3)當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)述客觀真理時(shí)，直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。如：

Hesaid,"Lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound."

Hesaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.(4)為了表示引述的狀態(tài)和情況到現(xiàn)在仍然是事實(shí)時(shí)，也經(jīng)常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

Myteachersaid,“Tomisagoodstudent.”MyteachersaidTomisagoodstudent.

練一練1.Shesaid,“IoftengotothebeachonSunday.”Shesaid________________________tothebeach…2.Hesaidtome,“Areyoulearningdancing?”He_____me___________________learningdancing.3.MrZhangsaid,“Lighttravelsfasterthansound.”MrZhangsaid_____light______fasterthansound.4.“WheredoesLindacomefrom?”sheasked.Sheasked__________________from.5.Ourteachersaidtous,“Cometoschoolearly.”O(jiān)urteacher______us____________toschoolearly.thatsheoftenwentaskedifIwasthattravelswhereLindacametoldtocome練一練6.DoesMr.BrownenjoylivinginChina?Couldyoutellus?→Couldyoutellus_____Mr.Brown_______livinginChina?

7."Doesthegirlneedanyhelp?”heaskedme.→Heaskedme______thegirl_________somehelp．

8.Whendoesthetrainleave?Iwanttoknow.→Iwanttoknow_________thetrain_________.9.DidPetercomehereyesterday?LiLeiwantstoknow.→LiLeiwantstoknow_________Peter_________hereyesterday.10..Howdoeshegetonwithhisnewclassmates?Couldyoutellme?→

Couldyoutellmehow___________onwith______newclassmates?

ifenjoysifneededwhenleavesifcamehegetshis相信你能行1.Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.2.Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey___dictationtoday.A.hadB.has.C.willhaveD.are3.SheaskedLindaif___goandgetsome.A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shecanD.shemay

4.Canyoutellme___youwereborn,Betty?A.whoB.whatC.whenD.that

5.Pleasetellme______lastyear.A.wheredoesyoursisterworkB.wheredidyoursisterworkCwhereyoursisterworksD.whereyoursisterworked

6.Hesaid____therewasgoingtobeameetingthatevening.A.whatB.ifC.thatD.how7.Heaskedme_____toldmetheaccident.AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhoseA.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtakeACBCDCC自我測(cè)試1.Idon'tknow______thedayaftertomorrow.A.whendoeshecomeB.howwillhecomeC.whetherhe'llcomeD.ifhecomes

2.Couldyoutellme_________thenearesthospitalis?A.whatB.howC.whetherD.where3.Tomaskedmyfriend________.A.wherewashefromB.thattheearthisbiggerthanthemoonC.whendidhecomebackD.nottobesoangry4.Letmetellyou____