Unit4AmazingScience

Topic1Whenwasitinvented?SectionA

isspokenbyShespeaksChinese.

isspoken

by

HespeaksEnglish.EnglishEnglish.Hehim.ChineseChinese.Sheher.

被動語態(PassiveVoice)be+done主動語態：主語+動詞+賓語

被動語態：主語+be+過去分詞

+by+賓語Manypeopleusecomputers.Computers_____________by________________.Theworkersplanttreesinthegarden.Trees____________inthegarden____theworkers.areusedmanypeopleareplantedbyCanyoutry？Exercise1.Trees__________(water)inourschooleverythreedays.2.Thezoo___________(visit)bylotsofchildrenonweekends.3.AJourneytoWest________(show)onCCTVeverysummer.4.OnChristmasDay,childrenwakeupearlyandcan’twait______(open)theboxesofpresents.

5.We’llhaveachance_____(see)theflowershowthisweekend.toopenisshownarewateredtoseeisvisitedbemadeof

由某種物質做成(看得出原材料，物理過程)bemadefrom

由某種物質制成(看不出原材料，化學過程)bemadeupof

由幾部分組成bemadein

在某地/某時制造bemadeby

由某人制造bemadeinto

被制成12Languagepoints聚焦一般過去時的被動語態結構:助動詞(was/were)+及物動詞的過去分詞1.肯定句式：主語+was/were+v.-ed2.否定句式：主語+was/were+not+v.-ed3.一般疑問句式：Was/Were+主語+vt.-ed4.特殊疑問句式：疑問詞W/H+was/were+主語+v.-edE.g.Ane-mailwassenttoherfriendbyJaneyesterday.

Ane-mailwasn’tsenttoherfriendbyJaneyesterday.

Wasane-mailsenttoherfriendbyJaneyesterday?

Whowasthee-mailsenttobyJaneyesterday?Let’ssumuptogether.聚焦一般過去時的被動語態結構:助動詞(was/were)+及物動詞的過去分詞1.肯定句式：主語+was/were+v.-edThedoorwasopened.門被打開了。2.否定句式：主語+was/were+not+v.-edThedoorwasnotopened.門沒被打開。3.一般疑問句式：Was/Were+主語+vt.-ed4.特殊疑問句式：疑問詞W/H+was/were+主語+v.-ed1beallowedtodosth.被允許做某事,allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事；allowdoingsth.允許做某事。e.g.Sheallowedmetogofishing.她允許我去釣魚。Wedon’tallowsmokinginthereadingroom.我們不允許在閱覽室吸煙。2toomuch既是形容詞短語，也是副詞短語，所以它既可修飾名詞也可修飾動詞。e.g.toomuchwater；eattoomuch太多的水吃得太多.另外注意toomuch后接的是不可數名詞；toomany+可數名詞復數；muchtoo常用在形容詞或副詞之前修飾形容詞或副詞。e.g.muchtoolong太長，muchtoofast太快3showv.給……看。showsth.tosb.=showsb.sth.把某物給某人看。e.g.Canyoushowyournewwatchtome?=Canyoushowmeyournewwatch?你能把新手表給我看看嗎？showsb.around...帶領某人參觀。e.g.Welcometomycity.I’llshowyouaroundsomeplacesofinterest.歡迎來我市，我將帶你參觀一些名勝古跡。shown.展覽、展示,onshow展出。e.g.ThereisaTVplayonshowonCCTV-1.在中央一臺有一部電視劇在播放。4bemadeof/from由……制成。bemadeof(看得出原材料)；bemadefrom(看不出原材料)。e.g.Thedeskismadeofwood.桌子是由木材制成的。Paperismadefromwood.紙是由木材制成的。bemadein在……制造。e.g.ThewatchismadeinShanghai.手表是在上海制造的。bemadebysb.由某人制造。e.g.Themodelplanewasmadebymyfather.飛機模型是我爸爸做的。5beusedfor被用來做……。e.g.Pensareusedforwriting.鋼筆被用來寫字。這種結構也可以變成beusedtodosth.。類似的結構還有:beusedas被用作；beusedby被誰所用。e.g.EnglishisusedasaforeignlanguageinChina.英語在中國被當做外語。Computersareusedbysomepeopleastoys.電腦被有些人當玩具用。beused后還可以跟不定式。e.g.ThismachinecanbeusedtostudyEnglish.這種機器可用來學習英語。6wish(希望)后面接that從句常用虛擬語氣。本句表達康康的主觀臆想，不一定能實現，像這種表示主觀愿望和假想的語氣叫虛擬語氣。當表示現在的愿望，從句中謂語動詞用過去式；當表示將來的愿望，從句中動詞用could/would加動詞原形。e.g.IwishthatIdidn’thavetogotoworktoday.我希望今天不用上班。IwishIcouldhavemyownhouse.我希望我能擁有自己的房子。7cometrue變成真的，實現。come這里起到連系動詞的作用。go也有類似用法。e.g.Thefishhasgonebad.這魚已經變壞了。Changethefollowingsentences.1.Mymotherallowsmetousehercellphone.(改為被動語態)I________________usemymother’scellphone.2.Arocketisusedforlaunchingsatellitesandspaceships.(就畫線部分提問)

_______arocket______?3.Thedigitalcamerawasinventedin1975.(就劃線部分提問)________thedigitalcamera_______?4.Maybeheisaninventor.(改為同義句)

He________aninventor.am

allowed

to

What

isusedforWhenwas

inventedmaybe

ExercisesSummaryWelearn:

1.Somewords:

lock,rocket,metal,satellite,spaceship

2.Somephrases:

bemadeof,beusedof,someday,cometrue

3.Somesentences:

(1)IwishIcouldgointospacesomeday.(2)Ihopeyourdreamwillcometrue.(3)-Whatisarocketusedfor?-It’susedforsendingsatellitesorspaceshipsintospace.

Wecan:Usethepassivevoice.()1.Thelaptop_____inJapanin1985.Itisusedforstudying.

A.isdeveloped B.wasdeveloped C.developed

D.develops()2.Nowmoreandmoreman-madesatellitesare_____byhumans.

A.sentfor B.sendup C.sentup D.sentinto()3.Iwasmade_____thisorthatwhileworkingasawaiterinthishotel.

A.do B.doing C.todo D.didBCCUnit4AmazingScience

Topic1Whenwasitinvented?

SectionB()1.He___playcomputergamesunlesshefinishedhishomework.

A.wasallowedtoB.wasnotallowedtoC.allowto()2.Weallknowthatpaper___wood.A.ismadeofB.ismadeintoC.ismadefrom()3.Thiskindofmachine___in2006.A.isinventedB.ismadeC.wasinvented()4.A(An)___isusedfortakingphotos.A.CameraB.LiftC.MP3player()5.Weshouldspendmoretime___becauseit’stooimportant.A.tolearnEnglishB.learningEnglishC.inEnglishBCCABI.

Choosetherightanswer.Youcandoit.ReviewII.Fillintheblankswiththerightpreposition.1.Thedeskismade_____wood.2.Theredwineismade_____grapes.3.Thisdeliciouscakewasmade___mymother.4.Glassesaremade___glass.5.Ourgroupismadeup___fourstudents.6.Thatkindofmachineismade_____Japan.offromofofbyinReviewinvent/America/in1946A:Wherewerecomputersinvented?B:TheywereinventedinAmerica.A:Whenwerecomputersinvented?B:Theywereinventedin1946.Lookandtalkaboutthepicture.MP3player1998Korealistentomusicmobilephone1973Americacommunicateeasilydigitalcamera1975AmericatakephotosA:Wherewere…invented?B:Theywereinventedin….A:Whenwere…invented?B:Theywereinventedin….A:What’sthis?B:It’s…A:Whenwasitinvented?B:Itwasinventedin…A:Whoinventedit?

B:…1aLook,listenandsay.Whenwasitinvented?Whoinventedit?Look,alightbulb!In1897,ThomasEdison.In1895in1903in1879Canyoumatchthem?1cRead1aandcompletethetable.InventionInventorYearlightbulbGuglielmoMarconi

1903radioairplaneThomasEdisonWilburandOrvilleWright187918951It’ssaidthat...據說……，聽說……it是形式主語，真正主語是that引導的從句。e.g.Itissaidthatyouhavesenthimthreeletters.據說你已經給他發了三封信。類似的結構還有It’sreportedthat...據報道……。e.g.It’sreportedthatChinawillsendupShenzhouⅧintospaceinafewyears.據報道中國幾年后將向太空發射神舟八號。2duringone’slife某人一生，相當于inone’slife。e.g.LeiFengdidalotofgoodthingsduringhislife.雷鋒在他一生中做了許多好事。3gothisway走這邊，相當于take/comethisway。44bedifferentfrom與…不同Mypenisdifferentfromyou.我的筆和你的不同。A:Whatarethese?B:…A:Whenweretheyproducedfirst?B:…A:Whatweretheymadeof?B:…Doyouknow?2Fillintheblankswiththeproperformsofthegivenwords.

Thefirstjeanswereproducedin1855.Atthattime,they___________(notcall)jeansandtheywerejusthard-wearingpantsdesignedforworkers.Thepants_____________(make)ofthebrowncloth.Thiskindofcloth______usually________(use)formakingtents.Nowadays,theirmaterialshavebeenchangedsothatitfeelsmorecomfortable.Andmanydifferentjeansstyles_______also________(create).They___________(design)notonlyforworkersbutalsoforteenagersandwomen.Laterjeansarepopularallovertheworld.werenotcalledweremadewasusedarecreatedaredesigned4aReadthefollowingwords.Listenandcheckthevowels.

rocketcottonhospitalmodelsatellitecameralaptopplasticThelightbulbisw______usedbypeopleeverywhere.ThomasEdisoni_______thelightbulbin1879.It’ss______thatheinventedmorethantwothousandthingsduringhislife.TheairplanewasinventedbyWilburandOrvilleWrightin1903.It’sd______fromtoday’s.ExercisesidelynventedaidifferentWelearn:

1.Somewords:

bulb,airplane,hard-wearing,

Korea

2.Somephrases:

beusedby,more

than,bedifferentfrom

3.Somesentences:

It’ssaidthatheinventedmorethantwo

thousand

thingsduringhislife.Wecan:

1.Usethesimplepastpassivevoice:

Doyouknowwhenitwasinvented?

Itwasinventedin1879.

2.Talkabouttheinventorsofsomegreatinventions.Summary()4.Afterhearingthefunnyjoke,myfathercan’thelp_____.

A.laugh

B.laughing

C.tolaugh D.laughs()5.—Myparentsdon’tallowme_____computergamesatschool. —That’sright.Theyarebadforyourstudy.

A.play

B.plays

C.playing

D.toplay()6.Wefindit_____todosomereadingeveryday.

A.easily

B.enjoy

C.helpful

D.interestedBDCUnit4AmazingScience

Topic1Whenwasitinvented?

SectionC

inventioncrayonthoughtsillybrainstormevaluateredesigndetailed愚蠢的，傻的發明，創造彩色鉛筆想法，看法，主意集思廣益，動腦筋重新設計估值，評價，評估詳細的Matchthewordswiththeirmeanings.1comeabout出現，發生e.g.Howdidthisdangeroussituationcomeabout?這樣危險的局面是怎樣出現的？2solveaproblem解決一個問題。solve的賓語多為problem,answer的賓語多為question。3noone和none都表示否定，但用法有所不同，它們的區別是：a.noone用來指人，含有notevenone（連一個人也沒有）之意，其后不能接of短語。用作主語時，謂語動詞要用單數。e.g.Nooneknewwhotookthebookbymistake.沒有人知道誰誤拿了這本書。Noonelikesapersonwithbadmanners.誰也不喜歡不講禮貌的人。b.none不僅指人也可指物，其后常接of短語，構成“noneof+名詞/代詞”結構。當名詞是復數時，謂語動詞單復數均可。e.g.Noneofthehouseshas/havealargegardeninsomebigcities.在一些大城里，沒有一幢房子帶有大花園。注意：—Howmanypeoplearethereinyourclassroomnow?

現在你班里有多少人？—None.

沒有人。—Whoisinyourclassroomnow?誰現在在教室里？—Noone.

沒有人。4Inventingisinteresting發明是有趣的。此處inventing是動名詞作主語，動名詞作主語。謂語動詞用單數形式。5intheinventionprocess在發明過程中。balloongunrobotkeyboardDiscuss1.Whatarethetop3mostimportantinventions?Why?2.Whichistheleastimportantinvention?Why?2Discusswithyourpartnerwhichofthefollowingsarethetop3mostimportantinventionsandwhichistheleastimportantinvention.Thenexplainyourchoicetotheclass.

Example:Ithinkzeroisthemostimportantinvention.ItissaidthatitwasinventedbyanIndian.Itisaveryinterestingnumber.Forexample,Ihaveonlytenyuan.Ifyouaddfivezerosafteritforme,haha,Iwillbearichman.

Myinventionisarobot.Itiscalled“Superman”.Thereisacomputerinsideitsbody.Itlookslikeatiger.Whenyouseeitforthefirsttime,youmaybefrightened.Infact,itisgentleandpolite.Itcanhelpusdohousework,suchascleaningaroom,washingdishes,andmakingthebed.Whentheroomisdirty,itwillbegintoworkatonce.Itcanalsowatchoverahouseinsteadofhumans.Itiscareful,cleverandhard-working.Inshort,thisrobotisveryusefultous,thoughitcan’trunorspeak.Youcanwriteitlikethis:i________n.thecreationofsomethinginthemind;theactofinventingc________n.arod(棒）ofcoloredwax（蠟）usedfordrawingt________n.anideathatyouhaveinyourminds________adj.foolishb________n.smallthininflatable(可充氣的）rubberbagwithnarrowneckg________n.aweapon（武器）fromwhichbullets（子彈）orotherthingsarefiredr________n.amachinethatcanmoveautomatically（自動地）k________n.thesetofkeysthatyoupressinordertooperateitCompletethefollowingwordsaccordingtotheirfirstlettersandmeanings.nventionrayonhoughtillyalloonunoboteyboard1.Peopleusedthelightbulbswidelyinthepast.(改為被動語態）

Thelightbulbs___________________bypeopleinthe

past.2.Wecanlaunchspaceshipstoexploreotherplanets.(改為被動語態）

Spaceships___________________toexploreotherplanets.3.GoreVerbiniskidirectedthemoviePiratesoftheCaribean

inAmerica.(對劃線部分提問）

_____________GoreVerbiniski________themoviePiratesoftheCaribbean?4.TheMP3playerwasdevelopedaround1998.(對劃線部分提問)

________________theMP3player_______________?Exerciseswerewidelyusedcan

be

launchedWherediddirectWhenwasdevelopedSummaryWelearn:

1.Somewords:

invention,crayon,thought,

silly,balloon,gun,robot,keyboard

2.Somephrases:

laughat，comecomeout，

theresultof…，noneof…

3.Somesentences:

Inventingisinterestingandexcitingandeveryone

canbeaninventor.

Wecan:

1.Talkabouttheprocessofaninvention.

2.Writeapassageaboutaninvention.()7.—Whenwillhisnewnovel_____? —Sorry.Idon’tknow.

A.comein B.comefrom C.comeout D.comeback()8.Thereportshowswehavedreamed_____exploringspaceforthousandsofyears.

A.in

B.on

C.of

D.to()9.Hedidn’tpasstheexambecausehe_____byhisteacheratallinthepast.

A.encouraged

B.wasn’tencouraged

C.isn’tencouraged D.weren’tencouraged()10.It’s_____thatEdisoninventedmorethantwothousandthingsinhislife.

A.said

B.marked

C.listed

D.toldCCBAUnit4AmazingScience

Topic1Whenwasitinvented?SectionDWhat’situsedfor?It’susedforlisteningtomusic.What’sitmadeof?It’smadeofplastic.Wherewasitinvented?ItwasinventedinKorea.Whenwasitinvented?Itwasinventedin1998.What’situsedfor?It’susedforcommunicatingeasily.What’sitmadeof?It’smadeofplasticandmetal.Wherewasitinvented?ItwasinventedinAmerica.Whenwasitinvented?Itwasinventedin1973.Whatmethoddidyouusetofindyourlostcellphone?GPSislikeaman-madestar.Wecanuseitatanytime,inanyplaceandinanyweathertofindoutourposition.Theearlyexplorersusedthestarsaslandmarkstoknowwheretheywereandinwhichdirectiontheyweregoing.Thismethodworkedwellatnightaslongastheweatherwasgood.Butitdidn’tworksowellduringtherestofthetime.Let’susetheGPS.n.探險者，勘探者1explore探索Explorer

探險家2findout找出，查明3aslongas只要4theshapeof…的形狀Keywordsexploreexplorer,mark

findout,in…directionworkwell,aslongastherestofthetimesolve,like,use,theshapeofgreatinventionn.標示，記號，符號v.做記號，做標記Retellit!Grammar

PassiveVoice(Ⅱ)TheradiowasinventedbyGuglielmoMarconiin1895.Whenwasthedigitalcameradeveloped?Wherewasitdeveloped?Whatisarocketusedfor?Itwasdevelopedinthe1970s.ItwasdevelopedinJapan.Itisusedforsendingsatellitesorspaceshipsintospace.Functions

IwishIcouldgointospacesomeday.Ihopeyourdreamwillcometrue.It’ssaidthatheinventedmorethantwothousandthingsduringhislife.Inventingisinterestingandexcitingandeveryonecanbeaninventor.

Passivevoice

was/were+done()1.Abigsupermarket_____inourcitylastyear.

A.isbuiltB.werebuiltC.wasbuilt()2.Couldyoutellmewhotheradio____by?

A.inventsB.inventedC.wasinvented()3.Manytreesandflowers_____inourschoollastyear.Theymadeourschoolmorebeautiful.

A.haveplantedB.wereplantedC.planted()4.Thechildren____swimlastmonthandtheycanswimverywellnow.

A.aretaughtB.weretaughtC.weretaughtto()5.Itissaidthatpotatochips_____bymistakeaboutonehundredyearsago.

A.wereinventedB.inventedC.areinventedCBCACGrammarexercise1.Youarelate,allthetickets__________(sell)outanhourago.2.Thistypeofcellphone____________(make)inShenzhen.3.I_________________(notinvite)toyesterday’sparty.4.________thosemachines__________(check)thismorning?5.Manytreesandflowers______________(plant)inourschoollastyear,andtheymadeourschoolabeautifulgarden.

weresoldweremadewere/was+v.的過去分詞Exerciseswasn’tinvitedWerecheckedwereplanted()1.Hurryup,you____onthephone.

A.Wanted B.waswanted

C.arewanted(

)2.Somestories_____thechildrenbytheteachereveryday.

A.istoldfor B.aretoldfor

C.aretoldto()3._____thathehasstudiedabroadforfiveyears.

A.Itissaid B.Itsays

C.Thatissaid()4.Thewindow____fiveminutesago.

A.iscleaned

B.wascleaned

C.canbecleaned()5.Thechildren______bytheteachersatschool.

A.takecareof

B.aretakencare

C.aretakencareof

CCABCChoosethebestanswer.()6.Ihavenoideawhat______whileIwasasleep.

A.happened

B.washappened

C.happens()7.Insomecountries,tea_____before