Unit2SailingtheOceansA.Howseamenexploredtheoceansandtheinstrumentstheyused.B.Howseamensailedaroundtheoceans.C.Whatkindsofnavigationalinstrumentsthenavigatorsused.D.Howtoexploretheoceans.1.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?2.Howmanynavigationalinstrumentsarementionedinsearchoflongitudeandlatitude?A.Four. B.Five.C.Six. D.Seven.3.Whatdoestheword“random”in“Findinglatitude”standfor?A.Organized. B.Intentional.C.Arbitrary. D.Planned.4.Withoutsecuremethodofmeasuringlongitudebeforethe17thcentury,theBritishsailorsreallyknew____.A.howtoestimatelongitudeusingspeedandtimeB.howtomeasurespeedinvolvedthrowingaknottedropeC.howtocounttheknotsasashipadvancedthroughthewaterD.whattododealwiththecompasstocalculatelongitudeA.earliestseamenexploredtheoceanssincelatitudeandlongitudemadeitpossibletoplotaship’spositionB.earliestsailorsonlyusedcelestialbodies,theweather,andtidesandcurrentstonavigateC.thefirstseamenbegantousenavigationalinstrumentstofindlongitudeinsteadofusingnatureD.inhistoryofsailingtheoceans,manmainlyusedmaturetosailbeforenavigationalinstrumentsweremade5.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat___.[Onepossibleversion]Thisunitintroducesthediscoveriesthatmanybravesailorsspentmuchtimeandenergytryingtoexploretheseunknownareasofourplanetbyusingnatureandvariousnavigationalinstrumentstohelp.或：

Thisreadingexplainshowseamenexploredtheoceansandwhatkindofnavigationalinstrumentswereusedbysailorsbeforethe17thcenturywhentheywerenavigatingtheopenseaswithoutseeingland.1.以約30個詞概括Passage2“ALessonInSurvival”的內容要點。2.以約120個詞就“毅力”這個話題發表看法,內容包括：⑴你對CaptainBligh的故事有何感受；⑵舉例說明只要有堅強的毅力就能成功；⑶你的體會或感受。[寫作要求]可以使用實例或其它論述方法支持你的論點,也可以參照課文的內容,但不得直接引用課文中的句子。CaptainBligh’sjourneyacrossthePacificOceanslastedover40days.Despitelackoffoodandwater,hekepthisfollowersoccupiedtotaketheirmindsofftroubles.FinallytheyarrivedatTimorsuccessfullyandtheywerehonoredasheroes.IwasmovedbythestoryofCaptainBligh,whichshowsthatoneman’sspirit,andhisdeterminationshouldnotbedefeatedbycircumstances.Personally,Ithinkhardshipscannotdefeatusifwenevergiveup.Hardshipisanecessarypartofourdailylife.Perseverancecanhelpusoutofourhardshipsanddifficulties.Takemeasanexample,whenIwasinSeniorOne,IfailedtolearnEnglishwell.MyEnglishteacherencouragedmenevertoloseheartandgiveupmyEnglish.Andlater,withthehelpofmyEnglishteacherandmypersistentefforts,ImadegreatprogressinEnglish.Infact,everyonemustfaceuptosomehardshipsandpainsbecauselife,asitreallyis,isalwaysfilledwithsorrowsandjoys.Don’tloseheartwhenmeetingwithdifficulties.Justtakeiteasyandtryeverymeanstoworkthemout.Lifewilleventuallygiveyoumuchinreturnforabigheart.例句:Theexpertsareexploringeverypartoftheisland.專家們正在勘查這個島的各個部分。

Hehadanitchtogetawayandexplore.他等不及要動身去探險。1.explorevt.

探究；探險；探測；瀏覽拓展explorationn.

探險；探測explorern.

探險者⑴我們想探索的一件事是他們如何研究出這些化學知識。Onething___________________ishowtheydevelopedtheirknowledgeofchemistry.練習請根據中文完成英文句子。wewanttoexplore⑵對于我們,仍然有很多需要探索和學習的東西。Thereisstillsomuchforusto___________________.exploreandlearn例句:Thecaracceleratedasitovertookme.那輛汽車一加速就超越了我。2.accelerate

v.

加速；促進；前進acceleratedadj.

加速的accelerationn.

加速;促進;加速度拓展acceleratedmotionn.[物]加速運動acceleratekey快捷鍵搭配技術可以令事情加速到我們難以控制的地步。Technologycan_____________________________thatwelosecontrol.練習請根據中文完成英文句子。tothepointacceleratethings3.secure

adj.

無慮的;安全的vt.

使安全；保護例句:Ifyouarenotsureitissecure,donotdebugit.如果您不能確定它是安全的,請不要調試它。Whatareyoutryingtosecure?您在努力保護著什么？拓展:securityn.

安全;保證金;債券⑴我現在需要的是一個幸福家庭所給予的安全感。WhatIneednowisthe________(secure)ofahappyhome.⑵那小男孩說他在父母身邊感到安心。Thelittleboysaidhe___________nearhisparents.練習用所給詞的適當形式填空或完成句子。feltsecure

security4.deposit

n.

存款;定金;沉淀物vt.

存放;堆積vi.

沉淀例句:Hedepositedthecaseintheleftluggageoffice.他把箱子放在行李寄存處。

TheNilefloodsthefieldsanddepositsmudonthem.尼羅河泛濫,在田野上淤積一層泥。depositionn.

沉積作用(沉積物、礦床)depositorn.

寄托者；存款人depositoryn.

存儲處；貯藏所拓展depositaccount存款賬戶depositcertificate存折搭配⑴這支試管的底部有些沉淀物。Thereissome________inthebottomofthetube.⑵您經常存錢和取錢嗎？Doyouoften______________anddrawmoney?練習請根據中文完成英文句子。depositmoney

deposit5.reckonv.計算;認為,估計;指望例句:Wereckonhimtobethebestgoalkeeperintheworld.我們認為他是世界上最好的足球守門員。搭配:reckonon指望；依賴⑴Ireckonthiswillbeahotsummer.(意思:______)⑵Wedidn’treckononseeinghim.(意思:______)練習指出劃線部分的漢語意思。指望估計⑶Reckonhowmuchyouhavespent.(意思:_________)⑷Theyreckonthebookasoneofhisbestworks.(意思:____________)認為…是…算一算6.atthemercyof在…支配下;聽任……擺布例句:Thewholefamilywasatthemercyofhishands.全家都在他的支配下。have/showmercyonsb.寬恕或憐憫某人withoutmercy毫不留情地拓展⑴我們的命運在敵人的掌握中。Wewere_________________________.⑵她不會任憑殘酷的丈夫擺布的。Shewon’tbe______________________________.練習請將下列句子譯成英文。

atthemercyoftheenemy

atthemercyofhercruelhusband

7.inadilemma

進退兩難(左右為難)例句:TheChinesegovernmentfindsitselfinadilemma.中國政府發現自己處于兩難的境地。拓展:placesb.inadilemma置某人于進退兩難之境⑴糟糕的天氣使我們進退兩難Thebadweather_____________________.⑵她進退兩難,不知該留在學校讀書還是找份工作做。________________________astowhethertostayatschoolorgetajob.練習根據漢語意思完成英文句子。Shewasinadilemmaputusinadilemma8.jawsofdeath

死地(鬼門關、險境)例句:Ifyouworktoomanyhours,yourjobcanbecomethejawsofdeath.如果你工作太多小時,你的工作將把你帶入鬼門關。消防員從鬼門關里將那個小女孩搶救出來。Thefiremenrescuedthelittlegirl_______________________.練習根據漢語意思完成英文句子。fromthejawsofdeath9.in/withrelationto

關于;有關;涉及;與……相比例句:Pricesseemhighinrelationtowages.就工資看來,這價格有點高。

Itsbrainissmallinrelationto(=comparedwith)itsbody.與它的身體相比,它的頭很小。⑴關于昨天發生的事情,你能說些什么？Whatdidyousay_______________whathappenedyesterday?⑵與實際聯系起來,他的理論是合理的。Histheoryisreasonable_____________________________.練習根據漢語意思完成英文句子。inrelationtothepracticeinrelationto英釋:todealsuccessfullywithsth.difficult例句:Weputofftheconferenceinordertobettercopewiththetensesituation.我們推遲了這個會議,以便能夠更好地應付緊張的局勢。10.copewith

vt.

對付;應付;克服恐怕我應付不了這個問題。I’mafraidIcan’t______________________.練習根據漢語意思完成英文句子。thisproblemcopewith原句:OnourdeparturefromTahiti,someofthecrewtookovertheship.我們一離開塔西提島,一些船員就接管了輪船。句型on+n./doing一……就……⑴他一到巴黎,就被捕入獄了。________________inParis,hewascaughtandputintoprison.⑵他一聽到那個好消息,就高興得跳了起來。______________________________,hejumpedwithjoy.仿寫根據漢語意思完成英文句子。OnhearingthegoodnewsOnhisarrival1.Wemaywellwonderhowseamenexploredtheoceansbeforelatitudeandlongitudemadeitpossibletoplotaship’spositiononamap.

在經緯度未能繪出航船在地圖上的位置之前,我們很想知道航海員是怎樣在海上探險的。(P12,Para1)結構分析：句中how引導一個賓語從句,before引導一個狀語從句。在madeitpossibletoplot...中,it為形式賓語,toplot...為真正的賓語。2.YoucouldnotimagineamoredisturbingsightthanwhatwelookedlikewhenarrivinginTimoroverfortydaysafterbeingsetlooseinoursmallboat.

在小船漂泊四十天到達帝汶島時,你想象不出比我們看上去更令人不安的景象。(P18,Para5)結構分析:句中whatwelookedlike句中“whenarriving...”和“afterbeing...”是“連詞＋現在分詞短語”,在句子中作時間狀語。其中,couldnot...amore...表示最高級的含義,意思是“沒有比這更……的了”;setloose相當于startoff(出發、開始)。1.refervi.

提到;談及;說起

__________n.

參考;提及;參考書2.simpleadj.簡單的⑴_________

vt.

使簡化；單一化⑵_________

adv.

簡單地simplyreference

simplify3.acceleratev.

使加速;使加快

_____________n.

加速4.increasev.&n.

增強;增加

____________adv.

不斷增加地increasinglyacceleration5.solvevt.

解決

__________n.

解決；解決辦法6.advancev.&n.

前進；推進；進展

__________

adj.

高級的；先進的advancedsolution7.relyv.

依靠；指望

_________adj.

可靠的;可信賴的8.impressvt.

使留下深刻印象⑴____________

n.

印象⑵____________

adj.

給人深刻印象的impressionreliableimpressive9.relatev.

有關聯;有聯系⑴________adj.

有聯系的;相關的⑵___________________n.

關系;聯系⑶________n.

親戚relativerelatedrelation/relationship1.The_____________(relate)betweenthemisbeingimproved.relationship2.Englandisan___________(advance)industrialcountry.3.Itseemstobethebest_________(solve).solutionadvanced4.Hiscollectionofpaintingsisthemost____________(impress).5.Thecar____________(accelerate)asitovertookme.acceleratedimpressive6.Ineedsome__________(refer)books.7.She__________(simple)theinstructionssothatthechildrencouldunderstandher.simplifiedreference1.______________接管;占上風;取而代之2._________________與某人一起做某事3._________________渴望做某事4.______________偶然遇上comeacrosstakeoverjoinsb.insth.longtodosth.5.________出發;動身6.atthemercyof _____________7.inrelationto _____________8.setloose _____________出發；開始setout受…支配;任由…擺布關于;和……相比1.Shemaybeslowbutatleastsheis_________(rely).2._____thedevelopmentofIT,onlinechattingisbecoming_____________(increase)popularwithmanypeople.increasinglyreliableWith3.I____________(move)bythestoryofCaptainBligh,______showsthatoneman’sspirit,andhisdeterminationshouldnot_____________(defeat)bycircumstances.

4.Takeme___anexample,whenIwasinSeniorOne,I______(fail)tolearnEnglishwell.failedwasmovedwhichbedefeatedas5.Lifewilleventuallygiveyoumuch___returnforabigheart.6.Youcanneverreckon___hispromises,for____isalwayslettingothersdown.heinon7.Themotherleftthedyingbabyinthehospital________mercy.8.Ifyousimplyconsideryourselfinthismatter,youwillonlyplaceherin____dilemma.awithout9.________(compare)withface-to-faceconversation,letters,e-mails,telephonecallsaremoreefficientandconvenient.10.On________(arrive)homeatmidnight,heheardanoisysound________(come)ingComparedarriving1.A.simpleB.difficultC.complexD.easy五、完形填空AroundtwentyyearsagoIwaslivinginSeattleandgoingthroughhardtimes.IcouldnotfindsatisfyingworkandIfoundlifeespecially1.B根據常理,由句中的Icouldnotfindsatisfyingwork可推出填difficult。TomyshameIwasdrivingaschoolbustomakeends2.Ihadlostmyapartment.Ihadbeenthroughfive3withacompanyandonedaybetweenbusrunsthey4tosayIdidnotgetthejob.2.A.connectB.meetC.breakD.controlB由搭配可知。makeendsmeet意為“使收支相抵”。3.A.interviews B.relationsC.positions D.situationsA根據第一段第二句及空后的withacompany可推出。interview與company是詞語同現。Ihadbeenthroughfive3withacompanyandonedaybetweenbusrunsthey4tosayIdidnotgetthejob.Iwenttothebusbarnlikeazombie(僵尸)with5.4.A.cameB.decidedC.agreedD.calledD由語境可知是公司打電話通知作者說他落聘了。故選D。5.A.movement B.commentC.excitement D.disappointmentD前句中的Ididnotgetthejob是作者失望的原因。故填disappointment。OnedayIpulledthe6overtodropoffalittlegirlandasshepassedshehandedmea(n)7,sayingIshouldkeepitincasesomebody8it.6.A.carB.planeC.busD.bicycleC由前文的Iwasdrivingaschoolbus可知。與bus是原詞復現。7.A.necklaceB.penC.orangeD.earringD根據下句中的Theearringwasstampedmetal可知。與earring是原詞復現。OnedayIpulledthe6overtodropoffalittlegirlandasshepassedshehandedmea(n)7,sayingIshouldkeepitincasesomebody8it.Theearringwasstampedmetal,paintedblackandsaid“BEHAPPY”.8.A.claimedB.foundC.refusedD.lostA根據語境及句意，此處應填claimed(認領)。AtfirstIgotangryyeah,yeah,Ithought.Thenithitme.Ihadbeenputtingallofmyenergiesintowhatwaswrongwithmy9ratherthanwhatwasright!Idecidedthenandtheretomakealistof50thingsIwas10for.9.A.lifeB.familyC.futureD.abilityA根據句意及第一段中的Ifoundlifeespecially1可知。與life是原詞復現。10.A.eagerB.sorryC.likelyD.gratefulD下段中的becauseI14myattitudetogratitude有提示。grateful與gratitude是同根詞復現。Onenighttherewasaphonecallfromamanageratalarge11askingmeifIwoulddoaone-dayseminarfor200hospital12.11.A.factoryB.hospitalC.companyD.schoolB由句中的for200hospital12可知。與hospital是原詞復現。12.A.doctors B.nursesC.workers D.professorsC根據下句Mydaywiththehospitalworkerswentverywell可知。與workers是原詞復現。Isaidyesandgotthejob.Mydaywiththehospitalworkerswentverywell.Igotastandingovation(熱烈鼓掌)andmanymore13ofwork.TillthisdayIrealizethatitwasbecauseI14myattitudetogratitude.13.A.daysB.hoursC.nightsD.weeksA由上句中的Mydaywith...可知。與day是原詞復現。14.A.removed B.developedC.changed D.arrangedC根據前面的語境可知,本文最后一句與本句也有聯系。“THEONLYATTITUDEISGRATITUDE”hasbeenmy15foryearsnowandyes,itcompletelychangedmylife.15.A.word B.MottoC.purpose D.ambitionB本句主語是一句話,所以根據常識可推出填motto(座右銘)。【助讀詞匯】stamped刻了字的barn車庫dropoff讓某人下車earring耳環,耳飾A.havedeterminationtoachievesuccessB.makeitdifficulttosucceedC.haveconfiden