2345Courtesy:SiobhanClarke,Lero@TCD6lICTSoftwareICTHardwarePharmaceuticalsFinancialServicesEngineeringMedicalDevicesTelecommunicationsTransportationBusinessServicesConsumer/RetailConstructionMedia&Entertainment7?Cloud,analytics&bigdata,cyberphysicalsocialsmartinfrastructureetcMWGroupftwarerealiseityet!-VPResearchAnalogDevicesInc.rowthinSoftwareEngineersEmployedatBMWGroup?Primarysourceofinnovation&valuecreationinICT,e?Allcompaniesbecomingsoftwarecompanies-huge8ProducingProducinghighqualitysoftwareiscomplexanddifficult?Notjustcoding(only7%)?ChallengeincreasingassystemsbecomelargerandmoreinterconnectednessbenefitsTheTheproblemofpredictabledevelopmentofhtheintendedfunctionalitythatandefficientremainsthemostimportantproblemsin–USPresident’sCouncilofAdvisorsonScience&Technology2012gggggg9gertimeframesduetoSeparatesystemsbeingcombinediesbeingusedtoreacttochangesintheromexternalthreats.FailureactualcurveFailureactualcurveideeffectschange idealizedcurveTimeSource:Ebert&Jones,Computer,April2009Source:Ebert&Jones,Computer,April2009erstageSoftwareispervasive,widelyused,andofteninvisible.Muchlegacycode,badlystructured,poorlymaintained.Manysoftwarefailuresdecliningquality:anymorevironmentsanddiversehardwareplatformsInsufficientnumberofqualifieddevelopersandtesters.yandhavefailedtoovercomeyearsofhaveevolvedfromlegacycodeandlegacysystems,orresultfromacombinationofexistingcomponent-basedsystems,possiblyoversignificantperiodsoftime,orevolveasaresultofafocusedandintentionalchangeinorganizationandarchitecturetoexploitnewertechniquesbelievedtobebeneficial;theyrequirethatthesystemadaptandevolveatrun-timeinordertoreacttochangesintheenvironmentortomeetnecessaryconstraintsonthesystemthatwerenotpreviouslysatisfiedandpossiblynotpreviouslyknown.SomeExamplesofLeroResearch1.SmarterCities?InconjunctionwithIntelLabsEurope,DublinCityCouncilandIBM2.SoftwareProductLines?Useofmodelstogainefficiencies3.AdaptiveSecurityandPrivacy(Cloud,smartbuildings)InconjunctionwithUnitedTechnologiesandIBM4.Parallelisationofcodetooptimiseuseofmulticorehardware?InconjunctionwithMovidiusandIBMSomeExamplesofLeroResearch5.ArchitecturalRecoveryandPreservation6.PerformanceEvaluationinLargeSystems7.AutonomousSpaceSystemsAutonomousNanoTechnologySwarmANTSConceptMission-PAM20tionsutingration21(SendMessa,ReceiveMessage)空=〈,卜lReason,ProcessJisasetof(partial)transitionfunctionswhereeachtransitionfunctionmaps(SendMessa,ReceiveMessage)空=〈,卜lReason,ProcessJisasetof(partial)transitionfunctionswhereeachtransitionfunctionmapsMemory收Input)Output收MemoryLEADER_COM=leader.in?msg)caseLEADER_MESSAGEifsender(msg)=LEADERMESSENGER_MESSAGEifsender(msg)=MESSENGERWORKER_MESSAGEifsender(msg)=WORKEREARTH_MESSAGEifsender(msg)=EARTHERROR_MESSAGEotherwise[Processing]SendMessage(Leader,Worker)[Communicating](000\.5.50.25).25.25.5).5P=.25no+mo=no=mo+noCommunicating=50o:SendMessageWorker.Communicating+50o:SendMessageLeader.Communicating+1o:SendMessageError.Communicating+50o:ReceiveMessageWorker.Communicating+50o:ReceiveMessageLeader.Communicating+1o:ReceiveMessageError.Communicating+50o:ReasoningDeliberatve.Reasoning+50o:ReasoningReactive.Reasoning+17o:ProcessingSortingAndStorage.Processing+17o:ProcessingGeneration.Processing+17o:ProcessingPrediction.Processing+16o:ProcessingDiagnosis.Processing+16o:ProcessingRecovery.Processing+17o:ProcessingRemediation.Processingno+mo=(n+m)o=mo+novSwarmSwarmFormalMethodModelandOutlinememory'=(Goals，,Model，,CommsTracking)[[Communicating]ReasoningDeliberatve(Leader)[Reasoning][Reasoning]SendMessage(Leader,Worker)[Communicating]AgentStateActionsleadingtotheagentstatefpIdentityCommunicatingSendMessageWorker502SendMessageLeader502SendMessageError11ReceiveMessageWorker502ReceiveMessageLeader502ReceiveMessageError11ReasoningReasoningDeliberatve502ReasoningReactive502ProcessingProcessingSortingAndStorage172ProcessingGeneration172ProcessingPrediction172ProcessingDiagnosis162ProcessingRecovery162ProcessingRemediation17222SLSpecification23AutonomicComputingationfromthehumanmammalianautonomicnervoussystemtsympatheticparasympatheticAEMCAMAEMCAMZzz蟲S*S*S*S*S*S*S*S*S*S*S*S*S*S*S*S*S*S*AutonomicCommunicationsChannelicEnvironmentAEMCAMAEMCAMZzz蟲S*S*S*S*S*S*S*S*S*S*S*S*S*S*S*S*S*S*AutonomicCommunicationsChannelAEMCAMAMAutonomicAgent(Mobileagent)礦蟲AutonomicAgentApoptosisControls2425ExploreUniverseSelf-ProtectionMoveAnalyseSendDataSetObjetiveExploreandDiscoverInformobjectiveWalkSearchnewobjectivemeasureimagemeasureX-rayEvaluateInterestSnakeAmoebaExploreUniverseSelf-ProtectionMoveAnalyseSendDataSetObjetiveExploreandDiscoverInformobjectiveWalkSearchnewobjectivemeasureimagemeasureX-rayEvaluateInterestSnakeAmoebaRollingeSailOrbitdflightDigitalCameraOpticalCameraUstoanFlightGasprop.ProtectfromsolarstormsAvoidrunaoutofpowerAvoidCrashingMeasuresolarstormsSwitchoff