NewConceptEnglish2Lesson78TheLastOne?entitlev.以......為名；授權ifsomethingentitlesyoutosomething,itgivesyoutheofficialrighttohaveordoit那本小說被命名為《傲慢與偏見》。ThenovelisentitledPrideandPrejudice.這個執照授權你可以賣藥。Thislicenseentitlesyoutoselldrug.Womenemployeesareentitledtoamaternityleaveofthreemonths.女性員工有權利休三個月的產假。beentitledto(do)sth.對...享有權利,值得;有(做某事)的資格[權利]記憶:en動詞前綴，使..+title標題=使有標題）calmv.使鎮定；Igavethefrightenedchildsomecandiestocalmhim.我給那個嚇壞了的小孩一些糖果使他安靜下來。adj.平靜的；Afteranightofstorm,theseaisnowcalm.一夜暴風雨過后，大海現在很平靜。詞組拓展：keepcalm保持鎮定calmdown鎮定下來calmbeforethestorm暴風雨前的平靜相關表達：calmnessn.平靜,冷靜,鎮靜詞義辨析：calm,peaceful,quiet,stillcalm(relaxedandquiet,notangry,nervous,orupset)主要用于氣候、海洋“風平浪靜的”，也可指人表示“安靜的”、“鎮靜的”Theskyisblue,andtheseaiscalm.天空碧蘭，海上風平浪靜。Althoughshewasfrightened,sheansweredwithacalmvoice.雖然她害怕，但還是用平靜的聲音回答。幾個意思相近的詞：Peaceful(apeacefultime,place,orsituationisquietandcalmwithoutanyworryorexcitement)指“和平的”表示“沒有騷擾和戰爭的”，如：apeacefulenvironment和平環境。quiet(notmakingmuchnoise,ormakingnonoiseatall)指“沒有吵鬧聲的”、“沒有噪音的”,它強調“聲音很低、很少”或“全然無聲”,如:Hehadaquietlife.他過著寧靜的生活。still(quietandcalm)指“沒聲音的”、“沒動靜的”,如:thestillhoursbeforedawn黎明前的寂靜時刻。nerven.神經EE英譯：thefeelingofbeingnervousbecauseyouareworriedoralittlefrightened他在演講的時候緊張死了。Hewasabundleofnerveswhenmakingthespeech.我喝了一大杯啤酒來鎮定我的神經。Idrankalargeglassofbeertocalmmynerves.詞組拓展：getonsb.'snerves使人心煩不安；使人心神不定straineverynerve竭盡全力相關表達：nervousadj.神經緊張的，不安的concentrationn.集中，專心周圍這么多噪音，我幾乎不能專心讀書。Icanhardlyconcentrateonreadingwithallthatnoisearound.作為一個同聲傳譯工作者，我必須非常集中精神地聽和翻譯。AsasimultaneoustranslatorImustlistenandtranslatewithgreatconcentration.相關表達：concentratev.集中記憶點撥：con（全部）—centr（中心）—ation（名詞后綴）（全部在中心）sufferv.受苦，受害；EE：toexperiencephysicalormentalpaintobeinaverybadsituationthatmakesthingsverydifficultforyou（受損失）我有嚴重的頭疼病。Ihavebeensufferingfromabadheadache.我的奶奶突然就去世了，沒受什么痛苦。Mygrandmotherdiedsuddenlyanddidn’tsuffer.Theenemyforcessufferedheavycasualties.敵方軍隊傷亡損失很大。stand(tobeabletoacceptordealwellwithadifficultsituation[=tolerate])指精神上堅毅，有決心：Thepainwastoointensetostand.痛苦強烈得無法承受。Suffer(toexperiencephysicalormentalpain)側重指順從和克制Hesufferedtheirinsultsinsilence.他默默忍受他們所施加的傷害。Tolerate(tobeabletoacceptsomethingunpleasantordifficult,eventhoughyoudonotlikeit)主要用于指除痛苦之外的一些事情，含有盡管保留但勉強接受之意辨析:bear，endure(容忍），stand，suffer,tolerate（承認，忍受）

bear(tobravelyacceptordealwithapainful,difficult,orupsettingsituation[=stand])廣義的指容忍各種事情的能力Hecan'tbearpeoplesmokingwhilehe'seating.他受不了別人在他吃飯的時候吸煙。endure(tobeinadifficultorpainfulsituationforalongtimewithoutcomplaining)尤指長期面對痛苦、艱難的能力：Therearelimitstowhatthehumanbodycanendure.人體的忍耐力是有限的symptomn.somethingwrongwithyourbodyormindwhichshowsthatyouhaveaparticularillness癥狀；asignthataseriousproblemexists征兆Symptomsincludeheadachesandfever.癥狀包括頭疼和發燒。Coughisoneofthesymptomsofhavingpneumonia.咳嗽是肺炎的癥狀之一。Thetrikeisasymptomofthedelcinationofeconomy.這次罷工是經濟衰退的征兆。Thecrimerateisasymptomofsocialunrest.犯罪率是社會不安定的征兆。tempern.atendencytoeangrysuddenlyoreasily脾氣當他看到室友正在用他的牙刷時他大發脾氣。Helosthistemperwhenhesawhisroommateusinghistoothbrush.Ifhecannotlearnhowtocontrohistemper,hewilllosthisjob.如果他不能學會控制他的脾氣，他就會失去工作。詞組拓展：keepone'stemper忍住氣；不發火loseone'stemper發火；生氣outoftemper發火；動怒相關表達：good-temperedadj.好脾氣的bad-temperedadj.壞脾氣的ill-tempered壞脾氣的even-tempered好脾氣的temperamantn.氣質，性格anervoustemperament易緊張的性格appetiten.胃口，食欲吃了太多冰激凌讓我都沒胃口了。Toomuchicecreamspoiledmyappetite.游泳讓我胃口大增。Swimminggivesmeagreatappetite.詞組拓展：lose/have/spoil/giveappetite失去食欲，有食欲，破壞食欲，促進食欲諺語:Appetitecomeswitheating.[諺]胃口越吃越大(貪得無厭)。Agoodappetiteisagoodsauce.[諺]饑不擇食。producev.toshow,bringout,oroffersomethingsoitcanbeseenorconsidered拿出；生產；n.農業產品Theoldmanproducedhispassporttotheofficerwithtremblinghands.老人用顫抖的雙手把護照拿給長官看。Ifyoucannotproducemoreevidence,youwillbesentencedtodeath.如果你不能拿出更多的證據你就會被判死刑。Grapesproducedinthisfarmaremailyusedtomakewine.這個農場產出的葡萄主要用于造酒。相關表達：productn.產品，產物productionn.生產yieldv.出產,生長urgev.tostronglyadvisesomeonetodosomething力勸，慫恿；n.強烈欲望Jackurgedmetoresignandstartmyownbusiness.JACK慫恿我辭職自己創業。

Iurgedthatyouconsiderthisdecisioncarelly.我勸你仔細考慮這個決定。

Ifeltasuddenurgetosmoke.我有強烈的想吸煙的欲望。相關表達：urgentadj.急迫的，緊張的satisfactionn.afeelingofhappinessorpleasurebecauseyouhaveachievedsomethingorgotwhatyouwanted滿意，滿足她從幫助別人的過程中得到很大的滿足感。Shegotgreatsatisfactionfromhelpingothers.Helookedathispaintingwithasmileofsatisfaction.他看著他的畫，露出滿意的微笑。相關表達：satisfyv.使滿意satisfactoryadj.令人滿意的satisfiedadj.感到滿意的dissatisfactionn.不滿delighted,adj.verypleasedandhappy欣喜的Wearedelightedthatthepresidentwillbewatchingourperformance.總統將要觀看我們的演出，我們很高興。Wearedelightedtoknowourbestfriendhadalovelybaby.我們欣喜的得知我們最好的朋友生了一個可愛的孩子。JonewasdelightedwhenshereceivedtheadmissionsletterfromHarwardUniversity.Jone接到哈佛大學的錄取通知書時非常高興。相關表達：delight

n.欣喜詞義辨析：都含“快樂”、“愉快”意思的詞語pleasuredelightjoypleasure（thefeelingofhappiness,enjoyment,orsatisfactionthatyougetfromanexperience）是常用詞,指“以任何形式表現出的或默默的快樂與滿足”。如:幫助你是我的快樂。It'smypleasuretohelpyou.delight（afeelingofgreatpleasureandsatisfaction）語意比pleasure強,指“極大的快樂”,尤指“以一種活潑的態度表現出來的快樂”,如:Thechildclappedhishandsindelight.那孩子高興得拍起手來。joy（greathappinessandpleasure）指“高興地表現出來的更強烈的快樂和愉快的情緒”,如:Successbroughthergreatjoy.成功給她帶來極大的快樂。QstothetextWhatdidtheauthordoafterreadinganarticleentitled‘CigaretteSmokingandYourHealth’?Whydidhiswifesufferduringtheweekwhenhedidn’tsmoke?Whatdidhisfriendsdoduringthatweek?Whathappenedattheparty?【課文講解】1、Afterreadinganarticleentitled'CigaretteSmokingandYourHealth'Ilitacigarettetocalmmynerves.anarticleentitled題名為……的文章在英語中，文章名與書名中的每個單詞的第一個字母均大寫，不在開頭位置的連詞、冠詞、小品詞除外。lit（light，light）v.點燃Ilitacigarette.lightedadj.被點燃的Thisisalightedcigarette.2、Myfriendskeptonofferingcigarettesandcigars.keepondoingsth.=continuedoingsth.持續不斷的做Thechildwascryingloudly,buthekeptonwatchingTV.cigarn.雪茄offersb.sth.給某人某物3、TheymadenoefforttohidetheiramusementwheneverIproducedapacketofsweetsfrommypocket.makeeveryeffort盡全力，盡一切努力Hemadeeveryefforttoget/atgettingthejob.makenoeffort根本不作努力，毫不費力makenoefforttopersuadehimShewrotetheletterwith/withouteffort.她費力/毫不費力地寫了那封信。makeeffort+todosth.努力做……nomatterwhen=whenever無論何時nomatterwho=whoever無論是誰nomatterwhere=wherever無論在哪里nomatterhow無論怎樣4、WhenmyoldfriendBrianurgedmetoacceptacigarette,itwasmorethanIcouldbear.wasmorethanIcouldbear=Icouldn'tbearmorethan后面跟一個從句或一個形容詞時可以表示“超出”（多用于口語）：Hewasmorethanpleasedwithhisnewroom.ThiswasmorethanIhadexpectd.5、Anyway,asBrianpointedout,itistheeasiestthingintheworldtogiveupsmoking.anyway不管如何AnywayIlovehim.Thankyouanyway.pointout=explain指出，指明Whydidn’tyoupointouthismistaketohimatthattime?Hepointedoutthatwestillhadtogetafewotherthings.【SpecialDifficulties】與keep有關的短語動詞keepon+doingsth.反復，持續Myfriendskeptonofferingmecigarettes.Hekeptonsayingthathewastired.他不斷地說他累了。keepoff不靠近，從……離開Keepofftheflowerbed.請勿進入花壇。Keepyourhandsoffthefood.別動吃的東西。keepawayfrom（使……）不靠近，避開Whydoyoualwayskeepawayfromme?你為什么總躲著我？Keepthechildrenawayfromtheriver.別讓孩子們去河邊。keepitup不松勁，保持成績，繼續下去You'vemademuchprogress.Keepitup!你已取得了很大進步。繼續努力！keepupwith跟上，不落在……后面Inordertokeepupwithhisclassmates,heworkedharderthanever.為了跟上同學，他比以往任何時候都更努力。keepout（使）留在外面，（使）不進入Heshutallthedoorsandwindowstokeepoutthewind.為了擋風，他關上了所有的門窗16,000-voltpowerline.Keepout!16,000伏高壓線，不可靠近！keepin（把……）留在里面／關在屋里，不出外It'sverycoldtoday.We'dbetterkeepin.今天很冷。我們最好別出去。Whenthedogwaskeptin,itbarkedloudly.那條狗被關在屋里時狂吠不止。SentenceandExpressionsMyfriendskeptonofferingmecigarettesandcigarskeep(sb.)away(fromsth.)（使）某人離開（某物）keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事keepsth.inmind記住（某事物）keepback忍住（眼淚），扣下，隱瞞keepintouchwith與……保持聯系keepoff遠離，避開，讓開keepupwith跟上，不落在后面Keep短語舉例summaryHavingreadanarticleonsmoking,thewritersmokedhislastcigarette.Hedidnotsmokeforaweekandhiswifesufferedbecausehehadabadtemperandalargeappetite.Meanwhilefriendsofferedhemcigarettesandwereamusedtoseehimproduceapacketofsweetsfromhispocket.Whenhewenttoaparty,heacceptedacigarettewhichhewasofferedbyafriendandsincethenthingshavereturnedtonormal.VocabularyVerb–現代式現代式(單數)過去式過去分詞現在分詞readreadsreadreadreadingentitleentitlesentitledentitledentitlinglightlightslighted/litlighted/litlightingcalmcalmscalmedcalmedcalmingsmokesmokessmokedsmokedsmokingsuffersufferssufferedsufferedsufferinggivegivesgavegivengivingkeepkeepskeptkeptkeepingofferoffersofferedofferedofferingmakemakesmademademakingVocabularyVerb–現代式現代式(單數)過去式過去分詞現在分詞hidehideshidhid/hiddenhidingproduceproducesproducedproducedproducinggogoeswentgonegoingfeelfeelsfeltfeltfeelingurgeurgesurgedurgedurgingacceptacceptsacceptedacceptedacceptingbearbearsboreborn/bornebearingtaketakestooktakentakingreturnreturnsreturnedreturnedreturningpointpointspointedpointedpointingVocabularyatallterriblyenormousextremelyfortableguiltilydelightednormalpointoutgiveupadv.根本adv.可怕地,十分adj.巨大的,龐大的adv.極端地,非常地adj.不舒服的,不安的adv.罪地,有罪地adj.欣喜的,快樂的adj.正常的,正規的v.指出v.放棄Others–Vocabularyarticlecigarettehealthnerveconcentrationpleasuresymptomtemperappetitecigareffortamusementpacketsweetpocketsatisfaction文章香煙健康神經集中,專心愉快[醫]癥狀脾氣,情緒食欲,胃口雪茄努力娛樂,消遣,娛樂活動小包裹糖果衣袋,口袋滿意,滿足Nouns–重難點練習：1awayfrom2off3up4on5out6upwith7in多選答案：1.a根據課文第1句Afterreadinganarticleentitled…可以判斷，只有a.Somethinghehadread與課文的內容相符，其他3個選擇都與課文內容不符，所以只能選a.2.c根據課文第10-11行，只有c是課文所暗示的情況，其他3個選擇都與課文實際內容不符，所以應選c.3.b這是一個一般過去時疑問句，因為前面用助動詞Did提問，其謂語動詞要用原形才符合語法。a.lit是light的一種過去式和過去分詞；c.lighted也是light的過去式和過去分詞；d.lighting是light的現在分詞。以上3個選擇都不是動詞原形，所以都不能選。只有b.light是動詞原形，最合乎語法，所以選b.4.b只有b.on是正確的，因為該