英語完形填空上下文語境英語完形填空上下文語境英語完形填空上下文語境xxx公司英語完形填空上下文語境文件編號：文件日期：修訂次數：第1.0次更改批準審核制定方案設計，管理制度英語完形填空上下文語境能影響完形詞語選擇的不僅僅有整篇文章的主旨和中心，還包括所缺詞語上下

文的詞語，即我們所謂的上下文語境。他們之間形成相互提示或者互相反襯的作用。

I．請填出下列段落所缺詞語，詞性在括號中已給出。

1．Heshowedno_____________(n.)inlearning.Hismarkswerealwayspoor,henevercompletedareadingassignmentorparticipatedinclassdiscussions,andherarelydidhishomework.Atanearlyagehewasbrandeda“nonlearner.”

解析：

題目中橫線上應填出“interest”，即興趣。在原文中出現類似“nevercompletedorparticipated”，“rarelydid”等字眼，說明文中的“he”問題不出現在能力(ability)或者耐心（patience）上，而是在于學習的興趣。如果缺乏的是能力，那么上下文應該出現類似“difficult，hard”等詞語。

2.Whentheysaweachotherforthefirsttimeinthedimcandlelightlaterthatnight,theystood_______(adv.).Forwordscouldnotexpresshowprofoundlytouchedeachofthemwasbythesacrificemadebytheotherinthenameoflove.

解析：

橫線應填充詞語“silently”，即“沉默相對”。理由是后文中出現了“words

couldnotexpress…”，說明語言表達不出彼此的感動，因此此處“silently”在語境中是最合適的。

3.Mydadalsounderstoodthevalueofagoodsenseofhumor.“Backintheolddays,”heoftentoldme,“weweresopoorwehadtobegfor_______(n.).”Sosometimes,whenIwasfastasleep,dreamingofthehomerunsIwouldhit,hewouldgentlyleanovermybedandshoutintomyear,“Russianbombers!Russianbombers!Run!Run!”Andthenhewouldlaughandlaugh.

解析：

答案應是jokes。很多同學看到“poor”，聯想到過去生活的困苦，很自然地會在橫線中填出“money”，或“food”等詞語，但其實原文并非要表達此含義。在文段主題句中作者提到“agoodsenseofhumor.”，即父親所擁有的是幽默感。在下文出現了“laughandlaugh”即上文發生的事應與其相關。綜合上下文信息，jokes是橫線所缺詞語。

4.Inhertowntherewasaspecialprogramthattaughtadultstoread,butBerthaIngramwasquitenervous.WouldpeoplelaughatherWouldthey_______toteachherItdidn’thappenthatway.Shehadateacherwhoworkedveryhardwithher.AfterthefirstdayIngramcouldhardlywaittogettothelibrary.

A.likeB.refuseC.agreeD.stop

解析：

此處答案是B。很多同學會錯選成A或者C。認為文中人物在擔心“他們會愿意或者喜歡教她知識么?”。此處我們又要借助于完形語境的幫助：文段中出現了類似“nervous”，“laughat”的詞語，都是表示否定含義的，也代表了人物的擔憂和擔心，因此橫線上最佳的選擇也是表示否定意義的“refuse”，它能夠表達出人物緊張的心情和她所擔心發生的情況。

5.WhileonceIthoughtmydadwasjustaboutthe_____________(adj.)maninthewholewideworld,infacthewasquitesmall,andthin,andhisfacewasascrackedandpockmarkedastheoldleatherseatsofhisbeloved’52Pontiac.

解析：

本段橫線中應填“big”。與前四個文段不同，此時上下文語境的作用不是順承與提示，而是反襯。詞語“while”表示對比，與infact引出的quitesmall相映襯，因此橫線中缺少的詞語是small的反義詞，即big。

6.MygrandfatherjoinedthearmytofightforhiscountrywhenGermansoldierstookhishometownofTarnowinPoland.“Standstraight,standtall,”meantsomethingelsebackthen.Afterthewar,heleftforAmerica._______inanewcountry,hewasfrightenedabouthisfuture.WalkingintothecrowdedandnoisystreetsofNewYork,“Standstraight,andstandtall,”hewouldtellhimself.

A.BeinghomesickB.WithoutmoneyC.FullofhopesD.Allalone

解析：

正確答案是D。此處的語境起到的也是反襯的作用。從可能性上考慮不管是

A選項中的Beinghomesick還是B選項中的Withoutmoney都能夠給人帶來恐懼感，因此這里我們不能靠主觀臆斷，而應該尊重原文。看后文“WalkingintothecrowdedandnoisystreetsofNewYork”在父親眼中，紐約市繁忙的，擁擠噪雜的，因此與自己的狀態形成了鮮明的對比。從這個意義上，文中的語境與所選答案是一種反襯關系。

由上述幾段文章可知，完形填空的選擇與答案必須尊重原文與作者的原意。選擇具體詞語時不僅僅要考慮文章整體的主旨，中心，作者的意圖，還要考慮其所在段落上下文的語境。語境會對選擇形成一種映襯或者對比的關系，能夠對我們有重要的提示作用。

II.請完成下列題目，體會完形語境的作用。

（一）

IwaslivinginNewYorkwhenmyfathercalled.Hewasworkinginthecityandsuggestedwemeetfordinner.Butmorepleasingandsurprisingtomewasthewaywehadthedinner.Forthistimehedidn’tspendthewholetimegivingadviceIdidn’t1.Hetalkedwithme.

Iwalkedhimtothebusstation.Whilewewerewaiting,hestoodagainstthewall.Myfatherhad2beenastrongandheavyman.NowIsawhowthinandweakhewas.Hethentoldmesomethingthatsurprisedme.Hesaidhestill3,insidehishead,likeayoungman,andcouldn’tbelievehe’dpassedsixty.

“Youdon’tknow,atyourage,howfasttimegoes,”hesaid,“IfIneverreallytalkedwithyouboysasmuchasI’dhavelikedto,itwasbecausetherewassolittletimeandsomuchIhadtoteachyou.Ijustdidn’twantyoutomakeallthemistakesIhadmade.Iwantedto4youfromsomeofthetroublesIhad.”

Iwantedtosay,“Thankyou,Dad,fortellingmethat.”IknewatlastIwasa5tomyfather.Wecouldtalkwitheachother.ButIwastoo6bytheeveningtosayhowIwasfeeling.

Itwasthelast7weeverhad.

IwasinFloridaonabusinesstripwhenI8home.Dadhadastroke(中風)lastnight,aftercominghomefromwork.He’dalwayssaidhewantedtoworktillthedayhedied.Hegothiswish.Mywish,foranothertalkwithmyfather,wouldgounfulfilled(未完成的).

InowknowthingsIdidn’tknow9myfatherwasalive.Timedoesgoreallyfast.Thereissomuchtoteachmyboyandsolittletime:I’ve10himchangefrombabytochildtoboyinlesstimecertainlythanItook.Iknowthetemptation(引誘)alwaystobetellinghimthings,thethingshe’ll11tosurvive(生存),tobeagoodperson.

ButIremembermyfather’sfinallesson.MyboywilllearnbywhatIamandwhatIdofarmorethanbywhatItellhim.

WhenEric,agedeight,says,“Dad,canwetalk?”I12mybookandsay,“Sure.”Ithinkforasecondhewantsmyadviceaboutsomething,butthenIremember.Hedoesn’twantadvice.Hejustwantstotalk.

1.A.wantB.followC.understandD.know

2.A.onceB.justC.oftenD.sometimes

3.A.thoughtB.lookedC.wishedD.felt

4.A.avoidB.saveC.helpD.pull

5.A.manB.boyC.sonD.friend

6.A.nervousB.excitedC.thankfulD.frightened

7.A.chanceB.wordC.conversationD.dinner

8.A.arrivedB.wentC.calledD.missed

9.A.whenB.whatC.thoughD.because

10.A.noticedB.seenC.madeD.watched

11.A.haveB.needC.getD.try

12.A.lookatB.holdupC.putdownD.takeout

參考答案：

1-6AADBAB7-12CCADBC

解析：

這道完形填空題中同學們錯誤率最高的一道題目是第6題。此處作者想說明父親第一次與他平等的進行交流，但是當時他卻由于心情太______而沒有說出自己想要表達的話。很多同學會選擇答案A.nervous，認為那種情境下作者的心情一定是緊張的。但其實我們仔細觀察原文的語境，卻發現文中沒有表達緊張的詞語。短文前面提到“Iwantedtosay,‘Thankyou,Dad,fortellingmethat.’”，“Wecouldtalkwitheachother.”，由此可見，作者完全是喜悅興奮的情緒，與緊張無關。因此本道題同學們如果能夠正確應用文章的語境，便可正確解決問題。

（二）

Itissocoldonthatdarkwinterdayin1942.ButitisnodifferentfromanyotherdayinthisNaziconcentrationcamp(納粹集中營).Iam1dead,livingonfromdaytoday,fromhourtohour,2IwastakenfrommyhomeandbroughtherewithtensofthousandsofotherJews(猶太人).WillIstillbe3tomorrow?

Iwalkbackandforth(來回)nexttothebarbedwirefence(帶刺的鐵絲網),tryingtokeepmybody4.Iamhungry.Ihavebeenhungryforlong.Eachday,asmoreofusdisappear,thehappy5seemslikeadream,andIsinkdeeperanddeeperintohopelessness.

Suddenly,Inoticeayounggirlwalkingpast6theothersideofthefence.ShestopsandlooksatmewithsadeyesthatseemtosayshecannotunderstandwhyIamhere.Iwanttolookaway,butIcannotmovemyeyesawayfromhers.Thenshereachesintoherpocket,andpullsoutaredapple.Oh,howlonghasitbeensinceIsaw7!Shelooksroundcarefullyandthenwithasmilequicklythrowstheappleoverthefence.Iruntopickitup,holdingitinmyshaking(顫抖)8fingers.Inmyworldofdeaththisappleisasignoflife,oflove.Ilookedupintimetoseethegirldisappearing.

ThenextdayIcannothelpmyself—Iam9atthesametimetothatplacenearthefence.Andagainshecomesandbringsmeanapple.Forsevenmonthswemeetlikethis.OnedayIhearterriblenews:We’rebeingshippedtoanothercamp.

ThenextdaywhenIgreether,myheartis10andIcanhardlyspeakasIsaywhatmustbesaid:“Don’tbringmeanappletomorrow.”Itellher,“Iambeingsenttoanothercamp.”TurningbeforeIloseallmycontrol(控制),Irunawayfromthefence.Icannot11tolookback.

Andthenonedaythewarhasended.Fewofuswhoarestillalivearefreed.Ihave12everything,butIstillhavethememoryofthisgirl.

1.A.al