5/5先進制造技術的新發展——機械類外文文獻翻譯、中英文翻譯外文原文：

Thenewadvancedmanufacturingtechnologydevelopment

Abstract:Thispaperhaspresentedtheproblemsfacingtoday'smanufacturingtechnology,advancedmanufacturingdiscussedintheforefrontofscience,andavisionforthefuturedevelopmentofadvancedmanufacturingtechnology.

Keyword：Advancedmanufacturingtechnologies;Frontierscience;Applicationsprospects

ModernmanufacturingisanimportantpillarofthenationaleconomyandoverallnationalstrengthanditsGDPaccountedforageneralnationalGDP20%~55%.Inthecompositionofacountry'sbusinessproductivity,manufacturingtechnologyaround60%ofthegeneralrole.Expertsbelievethatthevariouscountriesintheworldeconomiccompetition,mainlymanufacturingtechnologycompetition.Theircompetitivenessintheproductionofthefinalproductmarketshare.Withtherapideconomicandtechnologicaldevelopmentandcustomerneedsandthechangingmarketenvironment,thiscompetitionisbecomingincreasinglyfierce,andthatGovernmentsattachgreatimportancetotheadvancedmanufacturingtechnologyresearch.

1.Currentmanufacturingsciencetosolveproblems

Manufacturingsciencetosolvethecurrentproblemsfocusedonthefollowingaspects:

(1)Manufacturingsystemsisacomplexsystems,andmanufacturingsystemstomeetbothagility,rapidresponseandrapidreorganizationofthecapacitytolearnfromtheinformationscience,lifescienceandsocialscienceinterdisciplinaryresearch,andexplorenewmanufacturingsystemarchitecture,manufacturingmodelsandmanufacturingsystemseffectiveoperationalmechanism.Manufacturingsystemsoptimizedorganizationalstructureandgoodperformanceismanufacturingsystemmodelling,simulationandoptimizationofthemainobjectives.Manufacturingsystemarchitecturenotonlytocreatenewenterprisesbothagilityandresponsivenesstothe

needsandtheabilitytoreorganizesignificance,butalsoforthesoftproductionequipmentmanufacturingenterprisesbottomreorganizationanddynamiccapacitytosethigherdemands.Biologicalmanufacturingoutlookincreasinglybeingintroducedtothesystemtomeetnewdemandsmanufacturingsystems.

(2)Therapidriseinsupportofmanufacturing,geometricknowledgesharinghasbecomeamodernmanufacturingconstraints,productdevelopmentandmanufacturingtechnologiesofthekeyissues.Forexample,incomputer-aideddesignandmanufacturing(CAD/CAM)integration,coordinatesmeasurements(CMM)androboticsfields,in3Drealspace(3-RealSpace),therearealotofgeometricalgorithmdesignandanalysis,especiallythegeometricsaid,geometriccalculationandgeometricreasoning;Inmeasurementandrobotpathplanningandpartssearchspaces(suchasLocalization),theexistenceofspaceC-interspace(configurationspaceConfigurationSpace)geometriccalculationandgeometricreasoning;Objectsinoperation(rescue,payingandassembly,etc.)meanspayingmoredescriptionandrobotplanning,campaignplanningandassemblyoperationsplanningisneededinthetypesofspace(ScrewSpace)geometricreasoning.Manufacturingprocessofphysicalandgeometricmechanicsphenomenonofscientificresearchtocreateageometriccalculationandgeometricreasoning,andotheraspectsoftheresearchtopic,thetheorypendingfurtherbreakthrough,thenewonedoordisciplines--computergeometricarebeingincreasinglybroadandin-depthstudy.

(3)Inthemodernmanufacturingprocess,informationnotonlymanufacturingindustrieshavebecomedominatedthedecisivefactor,butalsothemostactiveones.Manufacturinginformationsystemstoimprovethroughputofmodernmanufacturinghasbecomeafocusofscientificdevelopment.Themanufacturinginformationsystemorganizationandstructurerequiredtocreateinformationaccess,integrationandintegrationshowthree-dimensionalinnature,measuringthemultidimensionalnatureoftheinformation,andinformationorganizationsnature.Informationstructuremodelsinthemanufacturing,manufacturinginformationconsistencyconstraint,andthedisseminationofdataprocessingandthemanufactureofenormousknowledgebasemanagement,andotherareas,thereisaneedtofurtherbreakthroughs.

(4)Thecalculationofthewisdomofartificialintelligencetoolsandmethodsinthemanufactureofawiderangeofapplicationsformanufacturingsmartdevelopment.Categorybasedonthecalculationofbiologicalevolutionalgorithmssmarttools,includingactivationissuesoptimizeGPStechnologyportfoliobygrowingconcernisinthemanufactureofthecompleteportfoliooptimizationproblemscombinedspeedandprecisionofGPSissuesbothinsizeconstraints.Manufacturingwisdommanifestedinthefollowingaspects:wisdomactivation,wisdomdesign,intelligentprocessing,robotics,intelligentcontrol,intelligentprocessplanning,smartdiagnostic,andotheraspects.Theseinnovativeproductsarethekeytheoreticalissues,butalsobycreatingadoorforascienceskillsintheimportantbasicissues.Thefocusintheseissues,wecanformthebasisofproductinnovationresearchsystem.

2.Modernmechanicalengineeringatthefrontiersofscience

Cross-integrationbetweenthedifferentsciencewillproducenewscientificgathering,economicdevelopmentandsocialprogressofscienceandtechnologycreatednewdemandsandexpectations,thuscreatingafrontierscience.Frontierscienceissettledandunsettledissuesbetweenthescientificcommunity.Frontierscience,withacleardomain,anddynamiccharacterofthearea.Worksfrontiersciencefromthegeneralbasicscienceisanimportantcharacteristicoftheactualworks,itcoversthekeyemergingscienceandtechnologyissues.Ultrasonicelectrical,ultra-high-speedmachines,greendesignandmanufacturing,andotherfields,andhasdonealotofresearchwork,butinnovationisthekeyquestionisnotclearmechanicalscience.Largecomplexmechanicalsystemdesignandperformanceoptimizationofproductinnovationdesign,smartstructuresandsystems,intelligentrobotsandtheirdynamics,nanoMocaxue,manufacturingprocess3Dnumericalsimulationsandphysicalsimulation,precisionandultra-fineprocessingtechnologykeybasis,about10megalargeandsophisticatedequipmentdesignandmanufacturingbase,virtualmanufacturingandvirtualinstruments,nanometermeasurementandinstrumentation,parallelconnectionaxismachinetools,andalthoughthefieldofmicro-electromechanicalsystemshavedonealotofresearch,buttherearestillmanykeyscienceandtechnologyissuestoberesolved.Informationscience,nano

science,materialsscience,lifescience,managementscienceandmanufacturingscienceofthe21stcenturywillbetochangethemainstreamscience,andtheresultinghigh-techindustrywillchangethefaceoftheworld.Therefore,theaboveareasofcross-developmentmanufacturingsystemsandmanufacturinginformatics,nanomanufacturingmachineryandnanoscience,bettermachineryandbettermanufacturingscience,managementscienceandmanufacturingsystemswillbecriticaltothe21stcenturymechanicalengineeringscienceisimportantfrontierscience.

2.1Manufacturingscienceandinformationsciencecross--manufacturinginformatics

Mechanicalandelectricalproducts,chemicalrawmaterialsintheinformation.Manymodernvalueaddedproductsprimarilyreflectedintheinformation.Thusthemanufacturingprocessfortheacquisitionandapplicationofinformationisveryimportant.Informationscienceandtechnologyistocreateanimportantsymbolofglobalizationandmodernization.Whilethemanufacturingtechnologybegantoexploreproductdesignandmanufacturingprocesses,thenatureoftheinformation,ontheotherhand,tocreatetechnologytotransformitselftoadapttothenewinformationmakesitsmanufacturingenvironment.Alongwiththemanufacturingprocessandmanufacturingsystemstodeepenunderstanding,researchersaretryingtonewconceptsandapproachestotheirdescriptionandexpressiontoachievefurthercontrolandoptimizationpurposes.

Andmanufacturing-relatedinformationmainlyproductinformation,technicalinformationandinformationmanagementinthisareafollowingmajorresearchdirectionandcontent:

(1)manufacturinginformationacquisition,processing,storage,transmissionandapplicationofknowledgetocreateinformationanddecision-makingtransformation.

(2)Non-symbolsexpressinginformation,manufacturinginformationenablestransmission,manufacturinginformationmanagement,manufacturinginformationintegrityinastateofnon-productiondecision-making,managementofvirtualmanufacturing,basedonthenetworkenvironmentofthedesignandmanufacturing,

manufacturingprocesscontrolandmanufacturingsystemsscience.Theseelementsaremanufacturedinscienceandthescientificbasisfortheintegrationofproductinformation,constitutethemanufactureofthenewbranchofscience--tocreateinformatics.

2.2Micromechanicalandmanufacturingtechnologyresearch

Micro-electronicmechanicalsystems(MEMS)referstothecollectionofmicro-sensors,micro-devicesandtheimplementationofsignalprocessingandcontrolcircuits,interfacecircuits,communicationsandpowerwiththeintegrationofmicro-electromechanicalsystemintegrity.MEMStechnologyobjectivesthroughsystemminiaturization,toexploreanewtheoryofintegration,newfunctionalcomponentsandsystems.MEMSdevelopmentwillgreatlyfacilitatethepocketofvariousproducts,miniaturization,anumberofdevicesandsystemstoenhancetheleveloffunctionaldensity,informationdensityandInternetdensity,significantlysaving,thinsection.Notonlycanitreducethecostofmechanicalandelectricalsystems,butalsotobecompletedandthesizeofmanylargesystemsimpossibletask.Forexample,usingsophisticated5μmdiametermicrotweezerswallsaremadeofaredbloodcellcan;Createdtokeepthecars3mmsize;Inthemagneticfield,likebutterfliesflyingsizeaircraft.MEMStechnologyhasopenedupacompletelynewtechnologyareasandindustries,withmanytraditionalsensorsincomparableadvantagesinmanufacturing,aerospace,transportation,telecommunications,agriculture,biomedical,environmentalmonitoring,military,families,andaccesstoalmostallareashaveverybroadapplicationprospects.

Micromachineryismachineryandelectronictechnologyinnano-scaletechnologyintegrationphotogenicproduct.Backin1959scientistshaveraisedtheideaofmicro-mechanicalandmicro-1962,thefirstsiliconpressuresensors.1987CaliforniaUniversityofCaliforniaBerkeleydevelopedrotordiameterofthesiliconmicro-60~12016ugmelectrostaticelectricmotors,showproducedusingsiliconmicro-machiningsmallmovablestructuresandcompatiblewithICmanufacturingmicrosystempotential.Micro-mechanicaltechnologymightlike20thcenturymicroelectronicstechnology,thetechnologyoftheworldinthe21stcentury,

economicdevelopmentandnationaldefensebuildingatremendousimpact.Overthepast10years,thedevelopmentofmicro-mechanicalspectacular.Itscharacteristicsareasfollows:aconsiderablenumberofmicro-components(microstructure,theimplementationofmicro-sensorsandmicro-machines,etc.)andmicro-systemsresearchsuccessreflectsthecurrentandpotentialapplicationsofvalue;Thedevelopmentofmicro-manufacturingtechnology,particularlysemiconductorprocessingtechnologyhavebecomesmallmicrosystemssupporttechnology;micro-electromechanicalsystemsresearchneedsoftheinterdisciplinaryresearchteam,micro-electromechanicalsystemstechnologyinthedevelopmentofmicroelectronicstechnologyonthebasisofmultidisciplinarycross-frontierareaofresearch,involvingelectronicengineering,mechanicalengineering,materialsengineering,physics,chemistryandbiomedicalengineeringandothertechnicalan