Chapter6

RespiratorySystem呼吸系統

Chapter61

Word-BuildingandMedicalTerminology構詞及醫學術語

Word-BuildingandMedicalTer2abdomin/oabdomenabdominal

pertainingtotheabdomenabdominoscopy

-scopyvisualexamination,

hencethatoftheabdomenabdomin/oabdomen3abdominocystic

cyst/othegallbladder,hencepertainingtotheabdominalgallbladderabdominocystic4alveo/oalveolusalveolar-arpertainingto,hencepertainingtoalveolusalveolitis

-itisinflammation,

henceinflammationofalveolusalveolocapillaryalveolusandcapillaryalveo/oalveolus5ambi-both(二;兩方)ambiguouspertainingtosomethingthatcanbeunderstoodinbothways,unclearinmeaningambisexualpertainingtobothsexesambidexterity

dextro-right;righthand,hencetheabilityofusingbothhandswithequaleaseambi-both(二;兩方)6bronch/obronchus(支氣管)bronchitisinflammationofbronchusbronchoscopyvisualexaminationofbrinchiusingabronchoscopybronchiectasis

-ectasisexpansion,hencedilationofthebronchiolesbronch/obronchus(支氣管)7-capnia--carbondioxide(二氧化碳)hypercapniaexcessivecarbondioxideinthebloodeucapnia

eu-normal;hencenormallevelsofcarbondioxideinthetissueshypocapnialowcarbondioxideintheblood-capnia--carbondioxide(二氧化碳)8cyan/oblue(藍;青紫;紺)cyanosis

-osisabnormalcondition;henceabnormalbluecoloroftheskincyanopathy=cyanosiscyanobacteriumbluecoloredbacterium(藻青菌)cyan/oblue(藍;青紫;紺)9di-two(兩;二;雙)dioxideoxide

氧化物,henceanoxidecontainingtwoatomsofoxygeninthemoleculedicyclicpertainingtotwocyclesdicytosis

-cytosisconditionofcells,hencetheconditionofthetwokindsofcellsdi-two(兩;二;雙)10-ectasisexpansion;dilation(擴張;膨脹)bronchiectasisdilationofbronchiatelectasis

atel/o

incomplete,hence,incompleteexpansionofthelungtissue(肺膨脹不全)pneumonectasis

pneumon/olung,henceexpansionofthelungtissue(肺氣腫)-ectasisexpansion;dilat11-emaconditionempyema

em-in;py/opus,henceacollectionofpusemphysema

emphystoinflate,hencechroniclungdiseasecharacterizedbytheenlargementanddestructionofalveoli-emacondition12-emacondition

edemaswellingandfluidintheairsacsandbronchiolesasinpulmonaryedema-emacondition13epiglott/oepiglottis(會厭)epiglottisaleaf-shapedcartilagethatcoverslarynxduringswallowingepiglottiditisinflammationofepiglottisepiglottectomysurgicalremovalofepiglottisepiglott/oepiglottis(會厭)14inter-between

intercostal

cost/oribs,hencepertainingtoareasbetweenribsinterstitial

-stitialtoset,hencesituatedbetweencellularcomponentsofanorganorstructure(間質的)intermittentstoppingandstarting(間歇的)inter-between15laryng/o--larynx,voiceboxlaryngoplasty

-plastysurgicalrepair,hencesurgicalrepairofthelarynxlaryngectomy

-ectomysurgicalremoval，henceremovalofthelarynxlaryng/o--larynx,voicebox16laryng/o--larynx,voicebox

laryngotracheobronchitistracheo-trachea，henceinflammationofthelaryngotracheobronchuslaryng/o--larynx,voicebox17lob/olobe(ofthelung)lobesdivisionsofthelungslobarpertainingtoalobeofthelungslobectomysurgicalremovalofalobeofthelung

lob/olobe(ofthelung)18macro-large

macrophage

-phageswallow，hencethehugecellwhichfeedsonbacteriamacromoleculeaverylargemoleculemacrocyteanabnormallylargeredbloodcell(大紅細胞)macro-large19meta-changemetastasizetopassfromonepartofthebodytootherunrelatedonesasamalignantcelldoesmetastaticpertainingtometastasismetastasectomysurgicalremovalofametastasizedtumormeta-change20medi-middlemediastinumamembranethatseparatesthelungsofthetwopleuralsacs(中隔膜；縱隔)mediastinoscopyvisualexaminationofthemediastinummediastinogramanX-rayfilmofthemediastinummedi-middle21-osmiasmellanosmia

a-/an-without,hencelackofsenseofsmellanosmatic

-icpertainingto,hencepertainingtosmellhyperosmiahighsensitivesenseofsmell-osmiasmell22-oxialevelofoxygenhypoxiaconditionofreducedoxygenlevelsanoxialackofoxygeninthetissuehyperoxiaexcessoxygeninthetissue-oxialevelofoxygen23ox/ooxygenhypoxemia-emiabloodcondition，hencereducedoxygenlevelinthebloodoxyacidanacidcontainingoxygenoxygenatetouniteorcombinewithoxygenox/ooxygen24pleur/opleurapleuritisinflammationofthepleurapleurodynia

-dyniapain；hencepainofthepleurapleuralpertainingtothepleurapleur/opleura25-pneabreathingdyspnea

dys-bad，painful，difficult；hencepainfulordifficultbreathinghyperpneaanincreaseinthedepthofbreathingtachypnea

tachyfast，henceexcessivelyrapidbutshallowbreathing；hyperventilation．-pneabreathing26pneumon/olung;airPneum/opneumoniaalungcondition(infection)pneumothoraxabnormalpresenceofairinthepleuralcavityresultinginthecollapseofthelungpneumon/olung;air27pneumon/olung;airpneumoconiosis

coni/odust；-siscondition；hencealungdiseasecausedbyinhalationofdustorotherparticles；blacklungpneumon/olung;air28pseud/ofalsepseudotumorchangesinfunctionandstructuresimulatingthoseintumor(假性腫瘤)pseudopregnancychangesinfunctionandstructuresimulatingthoseinpregnancy(假性妊娠)pseud/ofalse29pseud/ofalse

pseudoedema

changesinfunctionandstructuresimulatingthoseinedema(假性水腫)pseud/ofalse30-ptysisspittinghemoptysisspittingbloodemptysis=hemoptysismelanoptysismelan/oblack，hencespittingblackphlegm-ptysisspitting31sin/osinus;sinuscavitysinography

-grapyrecording，hencex-rayrecordingofthesinusessinusitisinflammationofthesinuscavitysin/osinus;sinuscavity32paranasal-sinus

para-near；nas/o-nose,henceair-containingcavityinthebonenearthenoseparanasal-sinus33-stasiscontrol;stoppagemetastasis

meta-change；hencespreadingofamalignanttumortoasecondaryorganorlocationhemostasis

stoppageoftheflowofbloodbymechanicalmeanshemostasiamethodsofstoppingflowofblood-stasiscontrol;stoppage34thorac/ochestthoracoplastysurgicalrepairofthethoraxthoracicpertainingtothechestthorac/ochest35thoracentesis

-centesis

puncture,henceuseofaneedletopuncturethechestwalltocollectfluidfromthepleuralcavityfordiagnostictestingthoracentesis36tonsill/otonsiltonsillectomysurgicalremovaloftheoropharyngeal(palatine)tonsilstonsillitisinflammationofthetonsilstonsillar

pertainingthetonsilstonsill/otonsil37trache/otracheatracheotomysurgicalincisionintothetracheatracheal

pertainingtothetracheatrache/otrachea38tracheostomy

-stomysurgicalopening,hencecuttingofanopeningthroughtheneckintotracheaandinsertionofatubetofacilitatepassageofairorremovalofsecretiontracheostomy39tubercul/osmallswellingtuberculosisinfectioncausedbymycobacteriumoftenaffectingthelungstuberculouspertainingtotuberculosistuberculomatuberculoustumortubercul/osmallswelling40Chapter6

RespiratorySystem呼吸系統

Chapter641

Word-BuildingandMedicalTerminology構詞及醫學術語

Word-BuildingandMedicalTer42abdomin/oabdomenabdominal

pertainingtotheabdomenabdominoscopy

-scopyvisualexamination,

hencethatoftheabdomenabdomin/oabdomen43abdominocystic

cyst/othegallbladder,hencepertainingtotheabdominalgallbladderabdominocystic44alveo/oalveolusalveolar-arpertainingto,hencepertainingtoalveolusalveolitis

-itisinflammation,

henceinflammationofalveolusalveolocapillaryalveolusandcapillaryalveo/oalveolus45ambi-both(二;兩方)ambiguouspertainingtosomethingthatcanbeunderstoodinbothways,unclearinmeaningambisexualpertainingtobothsexesambidexterity

dextro-right;righthand,hencetheabilityofusingbothhandswithequaleaseambi-both(二;兩方)46bronch/obronchus(支氣管)bronchitisinflammationofbronchusbronchoscopyvisualexaminationofbrinchiusingabronchoscopybronchiectasis

-ectasisexpansion,hencedilationofthebronchiolesbronch/obronchus(支氣管)47-capnia--carbondioxide(二氧化碳)hypercapniaexcessivecarbondioxideinthebloodeucapnia

eu-normal;hencenormallevelsofcarbondioxideinthetissueshypocapnialowcarbondioxideintheblood-capnia--carbondioxide(二氧化碳)48cyan/oblue(藍;青紫;紺)cyanosis

-osisabnormalcondition;henceabnormalbluecoloroftheskincyanopathy=cyanosiscyanobacteriumbluecoloredbacterium(藻青菌)cyan/oblue(藍;青紫;紺)49di-two(兩;二;雙)dioxideoxide

氧化物,henceanoxidecontainingtwoatomsofoxygeninthemoleculedicyclicpertainingtotwocyclesdicytosis

-cytosisconditionofcells,hencetheconditionofthetwokindsofcellsdi-two(兩;二;雙)50-ectasisexpansion;dilation(擴張;膨脹)bronchiectasisdilationofbronchiatelectasis

atel/o

incomplete,hence,incompleteexpansionofthelungtissue(肺膨脹不全)pneumonectasis

pneumon/olung,henceexpansionofthelungtissue(肺氣腫)-ectasisexpansion;dilat51-emaconditionempyema

em-in;py/opus,henceacollectionofpusemphysema

emphystoinflate,hencechroniclungdiseasecharacterizedbytheenlargementanddestructionofalveoli-emacondition52-emacondition

edemaswellingandfluidintheairsacsandbronchiolesasinpulmonaryedema-emacondition53epiglott/oepiglottis(會厭)epiglottisaleaf-shapedcartilagethatcoverslarynxduringswallowingepiglottiditisinflammationofepiglottisepiglottectomysurgicalremovalofepiglottisepiglott/oepiglottis(會厭)54inter-between

intercostal

cost/oribs,hencepertainingtoareasbetweenribsinterstitial

-stitialtoset,hencesituatedbetweencellularcomponentsofanorganorstructure(間質的)intermittentstoppingandstarting(間歇的)inter-between55laryng/o--larynx,voiceboxlaryngoplasty

-plastysurgicalrepair,hencesurgicalrepairofthelarynxlaryngectomy

-ectomysurgicalremoval，henceremovalofthelarynxlaryng/o--larynx,voicebox56laryng/o--larynx,voicebox

laryngotracheobronchitistracheo-trachea，henceinflammationofthelaryngotracheobronchuslaryng/o--larynx,voicebox57lob/olobe(ofthelung)lobesdivisionsofthelungslobarpertainingtoalobeofthelungslobectomysurgicalremovalofalobeofthelung

lob/olobe(ofthelung)58macro-large

macrophage

-phageswallow，hencethehugecellwhichfeedsonbacteriamacromoleculeaverylargemoleculemacrocyteanabnormallylargeredbloodcell(大紅細胞)macro-large59meta-changemetastasizetopassfromonepartofthebodytootherunrelatedonesasamalignantcelldoesmetastaticpertainingtometastasismetastasectomysurgicalremovalofametastasizedtumormeta-change60medi-middlemediastinumamembranethatseparatesthelungsofthetwopleuralsacs(中隔膜；縱隔)mediastinoscopyvisualexaminationofthemediastinummediastinogramanX-rayfilmofthemediastinummedi-middle61-osmiasmellanosmia

a-/an-without,hencelackofsenseofsmellanosmatic

-icpertainingto,hencepertainingtosmellhyperosmiahighsensitivesenseofsmell-osmiasmell62-oxialevelofoxygenhypoxiaconditionofreducedoxygenlevelsanoxialackofoxygeninthetissuehyperoxiaexcessoxygeninthetissue-oxialevelofoxygen63ox/ooxygenhypoxemia-emiabloodcondition，hencereducedoxygenlevelinthebloodoxyacidanacidcontainingoxygenoxygenatetouniteorcombinewithoxygenox/ooxygen64pleur/opleurapleuritisinflammationofthepleurapleurodynia

-dyniapain；hencepainofthepleurapleuralpertainingtothepleurapleur/opleura65-pneabreathingdyspnea

dys-bad，painful，difficult；hencepainfulordifficultbreathinghyperpneaanincreaseinthedepthofbreathingtachypnea

tachyfast，henceexcessivelyrapidbutshallowbreathing；hyperventilation．-pneabreathing66pneumon/olung;airPneum/opneumoniaalungcondition(infection)pneumothoraxabnormalpresenceofairinthepleuralcavityresultinginthecollapseofthelungpneumon/olung;air67pneumon/olung;airpneumoconiosis

coni/odust；-siscondition；hencealungdiseasecausedbyinhalationofdustorotherparticles；blacklungpneumon/olung;air68pseud/ofalsepseudotumorchangesinfunctionandstructuresimulatingthoseintumor(假性腫瘤)pseudopregnancychangesinfunctionandstructuresimulatingthoseinpregnancy(假性妊娠)pseud/ofalse69pseud/ofalse

pseudoedema

changesinfunctionandstructuresimulatingthoseinedema(假性水腫)pseud/ofalse70-ptysisspittinghemoptysisspittingbloodemptysis=hemoptysismelanoptysis