書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-哈爾濱電力職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Theidealcompanionmachine—thecomputer—wouldnotonlylook,feel,andsoundfriendlybutwouldalsobeprogrammedtobehaveinapleasantmanner.Thosequalitiesmakeinteractioncomfortable,andyetthemachinewouldremainslightlyunpredictableandthereforeinteresting.Initsfirstencounteritmightbesomewhathesitant,butasitcametoknowtheuseritwouldprogresstoamorerelaxedandintimatestyle.Themachinewouldnotbeapassiveparticipantbutwouldadditsownsuggestions,information,andopinions;itwouldsometimestaketheinitiativeindevelopingorchangingthetopicandwouldhaveapersonalityofitsown.

Friendshipsarenotmadeinaday,andthecomputerwouldbemoreacceptableasafriendifitimitatedthegradualchangesthatoccurwhenonepersonisgettingtoknowanother.Atanappropriatetimeitmightalsoexpressthekindofaffectionthatstimulatesattachmentandintimacy.Thewholeprocesswouldbeaccomplishedinasubtlewaytoavoidgivinganimpressionofover-familiaritythatwouldbelikelytoproduceirritation.Afterexperiencingawealthofpowerful,well-timedfriendshipindicators,theuserwouldbeverylikelytoacceptthecomputerasfarmorethanamachineandmightwellcometoregarditasafriend.

Anartificialrelationshipofthistypewouldprovidemanyofthebenefitsthatcouldcontinuefrompreviousdiscussions.Itwouldhaveafamiliaritywiththeuser'slifeasrevealedinearliercontact,anditwouldbeunderstandingandgood-humored.Thecomputer’sownpersonalitywouldbelivelyandimpressive,anditwoulddevelopinresponsetothatoftheuser.Withfeaturessuchasthese,themachinemightindeedbecomeaveryattractivesocialpartner.

1.Whichofthefollowingisnotafeatureoftheidealcompanionmachine?

2.Thecomputerwoulddevelopfriendshipswithhumansina(an)（）way.

3.Whichofthefollowingaspectsisnotmentionedwhenthepassagediscussesthebenefitsofartificialrelationships?

4.Throughoutthepassage,theauthoris（）inhisattitudetowardthecomputer.

5.Whichmightbethemostappropriatetitleofthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Activeincommunication

B.Attractiveinpersonality

C.Enjoyableinperfomiance

D.unpredictableinbehavior

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.quick

B.unpredictable

C.productive

D.inconspicuous

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Beingabletopickupaninterestingconversation.

B.Beingsensitivetoearliercontact.

C.Beingreadytolearnabouttheperson'slife.

D.Havingapleasantandadaptablepersonality.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.favorable

B.critical

C.vague

D.hesitant

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.ArtificialRelationships

B.HowtoFormIntimateRelationships

C.TheAffectionateMachine

D.HumansandComputers

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A:在交流上是生動(dòng)的,第一段指出:Themachinewouldnotbeapassiveparticipantbutwouldadditsownsuggestions,information,andopinions(這個(gè)機(jī)械將不是被動(dòng)的參與者，而將會(huì)增加自己的建議、信息和意見(jiàn)),由此可知A項(xiàng)屬于理想伴侶機(jī)械的特點(diǎn)。B:在個(gè)性上有吸引力,由最后一段中“Thecomputer’sownpersonalitywouldbelivelyandimpressive...(這個(gè)電腦自己的個(gè)性將是充滿(mǎn)生氣且令人印象深刻……)可知B項(xiàng)屬于理想伴侶機(jī)械的特點(diǎn)。C:在表現(xiàn)上令人愉快,第一段指出:Theidealcompanionmachine—thecomputer—wouldnotonlylook,feel,andsoundfriendlybutwouldalsobeprogrammedtobehaveinapleasantmanner(想的伴侶機(jī)械（即電腦）將不僅僅在外表、感覺(jué)和聲音上是友好的，且還會(huì)被編程去以令人愉快的方式來(lái)表現(xiàn)),因此C屬于理想伴侶機(jī)械的特點(diǎn)。D:在行為上無(wú)法預(yù)測(cè),由第一段中“yetthemachinewouldremainslightlyunpredictable(但是這個(gè)機(jī)械（即電腦）也仍然稍微有些不可預(yù)測(cè))”可知D不符合原文所述。因此選D。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段指出:Thewholeprocesswouldbeaccomplishedinasubtlewaytoavoidgivinganimpressionofover-familiaritythatwouldbelikelytoproduceirritation(這整個(gè)過(guò)程（即人與電腦之間友誼形成的過(guò)程）將會(huì)以一種微妙的方式來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)，以便避免去給出一個(gè)將可能引起惱怒的過(guò)度親密的印象),因此D項(xiàng)“難以察覺(jué)的”正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A:能發(fā)起一段有趣的對(duì)話(huà),第一段指出:itwouldsometimestaketheinitiativeindevelopingorchangingthetopic(它有時(shí)會(huì)主動(dòng)提出或改變互動(dòng)的活題),因此A項(xiàng)符合原文所述。B:受先前的交流影響,文章并未提及。C:準(zhǔn)備去了解人的生活,由第一段中“initsfirstencounteritmightbesomewhathesitant,butasitcametoknowtheuseritwouldprogresstoamorerelaxedandintimatestyle(在電腦首次與人進(jìn)行互動(dòng)時(shí)，它可能有些遲疑，但隨著對(duì)使用者的了解，在互動(dòng)吋它會(huì)變得更放松且親密)”可知C項(xiàng)符合原文所述。D:有一個(gè)令人喜歡且能隨機(jī)應(yīng)變的個(gè)性,最后一段指出:itwoulddevelopinresponsetothatoftheuser.Withfeaturessuchasthese,themachinemightindeedbecomeaveryattractivesocialpartner(它會(huì)相應(yīng)使川者的性格來(lái)形成固己的性格。帶著如這些樣的性格，這個(gè)機(jī)械可能的確變成一個(gè)非常有吸引力的社會(huì)伙伴)。因此D符合原文所述。因此本題選B。

4.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。從末段中“Withfeaturessuchasthese,themachinemightindeedbecomeaveryattractivesocialpartner(因?yàn)檫@些特征,這個(gè)機(jī)械可能的確變成一個(gè)非常有吸引力的社會(huì)伙伴)”可以看出作者持贊成的態(tài)度。故選A。

5.主旨大意題。作者在第一段提出“有感情的機(jī)械”這個(gè)話(huà)題及隨后段落“闡述有感情的機(jī)械與人在友誼形成方式及這種人造友誼帶來(lái)的好處,因此C項(xiàng)“有感情的機(jī)械”比較適合做文章標(biāo)題。

2.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

TheestablishmentoftheThirdReichinfluencedeventsinAmericanhistorybystartingachainofeventswhichculminatedinwarbetweenGermanyandtheUnitedStates.Thecompetedestructionofdemocracy,thepersecutionofJews,thewaronreligion,thecrueltyandbarbarismoftheNazis,andespeciallytheplansofGermanyandherallies,ItalyandJapan,forworldconquestcausedgreatindignationinthiscountryandbroughtonfearofanotherworldwar.

WhilespeakingoutagainstHitler’satrocities,theAmericanpeoplegenerallyfavoredisolationistpoliciesandneutrality.

TheNeutralityActsof1935and1936prohibitedtradewithanybelligerentsorloanstothem.In1937thePresidentwasempoweredtodeclareanarmsembargoinwarsbetweennationsathisdiscretion.

AmericanopinionbegantochangesomewhatafterPresidentRoosevelt’s“quarantinetheaggressor”speechatChicago(1937)inwhichheseverelycriticizedHitler’spolicies.Germany’sseizureofAustriaandtheMunichPactforthepartitionofCzechoslovakia(1938)alsoarousedtheAmericanpeople.

TheconquestofCzechoslovakiainMarch,1939wasanotherrudeawakeningtothemenaceoftheThirdReich.InAugust,1939cametheshockoftheNazi-sovietPactandinSeptembertheattackonPolandandtheoutbreakofEuropeanwar.

TheUnitedStatesattemptedtomaintainneutralityinspiteofsympathyforthedemocraciesarrayedagainsttheThirdReich.TheNeutralityActof1939repealedthearmsembargoandpermitted“cashandcarry”exportsofarmstobelligerentnations.Astrongnationaldefenseprogramwasbegun.

Adraftactwaspassed(1940)tostrengthenthemilitaryservices.ALendAct(1941)authorizedthePresidenttosell,exchange,orlendmaterialstoanycountrydeemednecessarybyhimforthedefenseoftheUnitedStates.HelpwasgiventoBritainbyexchangingcertainoveragedestroyersfortherighttoestablishAmericanbasesinBritishterritoryintheWesternHemisphere.InAugust,1940PresidentRooseveltandPrimeMinisterChurchillmetandissuedtheAtlanticCharterwhichproclaimedthekindofaworldwhichshouldbeestablishedafterthewar.

InDecember,1941,JapanlaunchedtheunprovokedattackontheUnitedStatesatPearlHarbor.Immediatelythereafter,GermanydeclaredwarontheUnitedStates.

1.Oneitemoccurringbefore1937thattheauthordoesnotmentioninhislistofactionsthatalienatedtheAmericanpublicwas_____.

2.TheLend-LeaseActwasdesignedto_____.

3.Americanpolicyduringtheyears1935-1936maybedescribedasbeing______.

4.TheNeutralityActof1939______.

5.WeenteredthewaragainstGermany________.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theburningoftheReichstag

B.Germanplansforconquest

C.Nazibarbarism

D.thepersecutionofreligiousgroup

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.helptheBritish

B.strengthenthenationaldefenseoftheUnitedStates

C.promotetheAtlanticCharter

D.avengePearlHarbor

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.watchful

B.isolationist

C.peaceful

D.indifferent

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.permittedthesellingofarmstobelligerentnations

B.antagonizedJapan

C.permittedtheBritishtotradeonlywiththeAllies

D.ledtotheLend-LeaseAct

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.becauseGermanydeclaredwar

B.becauseJapanwasanallyofGermany

C.afterGermanyhadsignedtheNazi-SovietPact

D.afterpeacefuleffortshadfailed

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Oneitemoccurringbefore1937thattheauthordoesnotmentioninhislistofactionsthatalienatedtheAmericanpublicwas____.有一件事發(fā)生在1937年之前，但作者在他的疏遠(yuǎn)美國(guó)公眾的行為清單中沒(méi)有提到的是____。

A.theburningoftheReichstagA.國(guó)會(huì)大廈的焚毀

B.GermanplansforconquestB.德國(guó)征服計(jì)劃

C.NazibarbarismC.納粹暴虐

D.thepersecutionofreligiousgroupD.宗教團(tuán)體的迫害

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到Para.1第二句，該處講到“對(duì)猶太人的迫害（thepersecutionofJews）”“納粹的暴虐（barbarismoftheNazis）”以及“德國(guó)征服計(jì)劃（theplansofGermany…forworldconquest）”。B、C、D都有提到，只有A沒(méi)有。因此選A。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)國(guó)會(huì)大廈的焚毀，屬于無(wú)中生有。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

TheLend-LeaseActwasdesignedto____.租借法案的目的是____。

A.helptheBritishA.幫助英國(guó)

B.strengthenthenationaldefenseoftheUnitedStatesB.加強(qiáng)美國(guó)的國(guó)防

C.promotetheAtlanticCharterC.促進(jìn)《大西洋憲章》

D.avengePearlHarborD.珍珠港報(bào)仇

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息詞Lend-LeaseAct可定位到倒數(shù)第二段1941處，該處講到“這項(xiàng)法案的目的是為了保衛(wèi)美國(guó)（forthedefenseoftheUnitedStates）”。換言之，就是加強(qiáng)美國(guó)的國(guó)防。比對(duì)選項(xiàng)，B選項(xiàng)恰好是此信息的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“幫助英國(guó)”，這個(gè)法案頒布后確實(shí)給英國(guó)提供了幫助，但是這不是美國(guó)的根本目的。A選項(xiàng)屬于本末倒置；

C選項(xiàng)“促進(jìn)《大西洋憲章》”，文中沒(méi)有提到，C選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“珍珠港報(bào)仇”，文中沒(méi)有提及兩者的關(guān)系，D選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Americanpolicyduringtheyears1935-1936maybedescribedasbeing____.美國(guó)在1935-1936年間的政策可以被描述為_(kāi)___。

A.watchfulA.注意的；警惕的

B.isolationistB.孤立主義的

C.peacefulC.和平的，愛(ài)好和平的

D.indifferentD.冷淡的，不關(guān)心的

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)出處提示詞1935-1936與題干信息詞Americanpolicy可定位到Para.3第一句，該處講到“1935-1936的中立法案（TheNeutralityActsof1935and1936）”。還講到“美國(guó)人民普遍支持孤立政策（theAmericanpeoplegenerallyfavoredisolationistpoliciesandneutrality）”。比對(duì)選項(xiàng)，B選項(xiàng)恰好是此信息的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“注意的”，屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“和平的”，屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“冷淡的”，屬于無(wú)中生有。

4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

TheNeutralityActof1939____.1939年《中立法案》____。

A.permittedthesellingofarmstobelligerentnationsA.允許向交戰(zhàn)國(guó)家出售武器

B.antagonizedJapanB.對(duì)抗日本

C.permittedtheBritishtotradeonlywiththeAlliesC.允許英國(guó)只與協(xié)約國(guó)進(jìn)行貿(mào)易

D.ledtotheLend-LeaseActD.導(dǎo)致了《租借法案》的出臺(tái)

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息詞TheNeutralityActof1939可定位到倒數(shù)第三段第二句，該處講到“廢棄了武器禁運(yùn)，允許向交戰(zhàn)國(guó)家‘現(xiàn)購(gòu)自運(yùn)’出口武器”。換言之，允許對(duì)交戰(zhàn)國(guó)家出口武器。比對(duì)選項(xiàng)，A選項(xiàng)恰好是此信息的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“對(duì)抗日本”，屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“允許英國(guó)只與協(xié)約國(guó)進(jìn)行貿(mào)易”，屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“導(dǎo)致了《租借法案》的出臺(tái)”，文中沒(méi)有提及兩者關(guān)系，D選項(xiàng)屬于過(guò)度推斷。

5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

WeenteredthewaragainstGermany____.我們參加了對(duì)德戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)____。

A.becauseGermanydeclaredwarA.因?yàn)榈聡?guó)宣戰(zhàn)了

B.becauseJapanwasanallyofGermanyB.因?yàn)槿毡臼堑聡?guó)的盟友

C.afterGermanyhadsignedtheNazi-Soviet

C.在德國(guó)簽署了納粹—蘇聯(lián)條約之后

D.afterpeacefuleffortshadfailedD.在和平努力失敗之后

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到最后一段，該處講到“GermanydeclaredwarontheUnitedStates.”。因?yàn)榍拔囊恢敝v到美國(guó)處于中立狀態(tài)，所以德國(guó)宣戰(zhàn)后美國(guó)才參加了對(duì)德戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。比對(duì)選項(xiàng)，A選項(xiàng)恰好是此信息的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)槿毡臼堑聡?guó)的盟友”，屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“在德國(guó)簽署了納粹-蘇聯(lián)條約之后”，文中沒(méi)有提過(guò)，屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“在和平努力失敗之后”，文中美國(guó)一直處于中立狀態(tài)，沒(méi)有進(jìn)行和平努力，屬于無(wú)中生有。

3.翻譯題

1.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.(10%)

InterestinbasketballintheUnitedStatespeaksaroundthreebigchampionshipeventsinthespring:thecollegechampionshipsformenandwomeninlateMarchorearlyAprilandtheprofessionalplayoffsthatclimaxinJune.Butthat’sonlyorganizedbasketball.Informally,thegamehasbeenlearnedbygenerationsofAmericanyouthsoncityplaygroundsandschoolyards,onlonelybasketsputupinbackyardsofruralhomesandonthedrivewaybasketballcourtsofcountlesssuburbanhomes.

【答案】美國(guó)人對(duì)籃球的興趣在春季三大錦標(biāo)賽期間達(dá)到頂峰。這包括三月底或四月初舉行的大學(xué)男籃錦標(biāo)賽和大學(xué)女籃錦標(biāo)賽，以及在六月份進(jìn)入決賽高潮的職業(yè)籃球賽。上面說(shuō)的只是有組織的正式比賽。在市內(nèi)的運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)和學(xué)校的操場(chǎng)上，在農(nóng)舍后院的簡(jiǎn)易籃球筐下，或是在無(wú)數(shù)市郊住宅的自家車(chē)道上劃出的籃球場(chǎng)上,一代代的美國(guó)青少年在學(xué)習(xí)打籃球。

4.單選題

Inourculture,thesourcesofwhatwecallasenseof“mastery”—feelingimportantandworthwhileandthesourcesofwhatwecallasenseof“pleasure”findinglifeenjoyable—arenotalwaystheidentical.Womenoftenaretold“Youcan’thaveitall.”Sometimeswhatthespeakerreallyissayingis:“Youchoseacareer,soyoucan’texpecttohavecloserrelationshipsorahappyfamilylife.”or“Youhaveawonderfulhusbandandchildren—What’sallthisaboutwantingacareer?”Butwomenneedtounderstandanddevelopbothaspectsofwell-being,iftheyaretofeelgoodaboutthemselves.

Ourstudyshowsthat,forwomen,well-beinghastwodimensions.Oneismastery,whichincludesself-esteem,asenseofcontroloveryourlife,andlowlevelsofanxietyanddepression.Masteryiscloselyrelatedtothe“doing”sideoflife,toworkandactivity.Pleasureistheotherdimensions,anditiscomposedofhappiness,satisfactionandoptimism.Itistiedmorecloselytothe“feeling”sideoflife.Thetwoareindependentofeachother.Awomanwhohasagoodjob,butwhosemotherhasjustdied,mightbefeelingverygoodaboutherselfandincontrolofherworklife,butthepleasuresidecouldbedamagedforatime.

Theconceptsofmasteryandpleasurecanhelpusidentifythesourcesofwell-beingforwomen,andremedypastmistakes.Inthepast,womenwereencouragedtolookonlyatthefeelingsideoflifeasthesourceofallwell-being.Butweknowthatbothmasteryandpleasurearecritical.Andmasteryseemstobeachievedlargelythroughwork.Inourstudy,allthegroupsofemployedwomenratedsignificantlyhigherinmasterythandidwomenwhowerenotemployed.

Awoman’swell-beingisenhancedwhenshetakesonmultipleroles.Atleastbymiddleadulthood,thewomenwhowereinvolvedinacombinationofroles—marriages,motherhood,andemployment—werethehighestinwell-being,despitewarningsaboutstressandstrain.

1.Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthat____.

2.Theauthor’sattitudetowardswomenhavingacareeris____.

3.Onecanconcludefromthepassagethatifawomantakesonseveralsocialroles,____.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeidentifiedasasourceof“pleasure”forwomen?

5.Themostappropriatetitleforthepassagewouldbe____.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.forwomen,asenseof“mastery”ismoreimportantthanasenseof“pleasure”

B.forwomen,asenseof“pleasure”ismoreimportantthanasenseof“mastery”

C.womencan’thaveasenseof“mastery”andasenseof“pleasure”atthesametime

D.asenseof“mastery”andasenseof“pleasure”arebothindispensabletowomen

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.critical

B.positive

C.neutral

D.realistic

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.itwillbeeasierforhertoovercomestressandstrain

B.shewillbemoresuccessfulinhercareer

C.herchancesofgettingpromotedwillbegreater

D.herlifewillbericherandmoremeaningful

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Familylife.

B.Regularemployment.

C.Multiplerolesinsociety.

D.Freedomfromanxiety.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thewell-beingofCareerWomen

B.SourcesofMasteryandPleasure

C.TwoAspectsofWomen’sWell-being

D.MultipleRolesofWomeninSociety

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthat____.從第一段可以推斷出____。

A.forwomen,asenseof“mastery”ismoreimportantthanasenseof“pleasure”A.對(duì)女人來(lái)說(shuō)，“掌控感”比“愉悅感”更重要

B.forwomen,asenseof“pleasure”ismoreimportantthanasenseof“mastery”B.對(duì)女人來(lái)說(shuō)，“愉悅感”比“掌控感”更重要

C.womencan’thaveasenseof“mastery”andasenseof“pleasure”atthesametimeC.女人不可能同時(shí)擁有“掌控感”和“愉悅感”

D.asenseof“mastery”andasenseof“pleasure”arebothindispensabletowomenD.“掌控感”和“愉悅感”對(duì)女人來(lái)說(shuō)都是不可或缺的

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)出處提示詞Paragraph1與題干信息可定位到第一段最后“但是，如果女性想要自我感覺(jué)良好，她們需要了解和發(fā)展幸福的兩個(gè)方面（womenneedtounderstandanddevelopbothaspectsofwell-being）。”這兩個(gè)方面指的就是掌控感和愉悅感，由此可推斷這兩者對(duì)女性都是不可或缺的。因此選D。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“對(duì)女人來(lái)說(shuō)，‘掌控感’比‘愉悅感’更重要”，原文意思是兩者都很重要，并沒(méi)有比較誰(shuí)比誰(shuí)更重要，該選項(xiàng)屬于過(guò)度推斷；

B選項(xiàng)“對(duì)女人來(lái)說(shuō)，‘愉悅感’比‘掌控感’更重要”，原文意思是兩者都很重要，并沒(méi)有比較誰(shuí)比誰(shuí)更重要，該選項(xiàng)屬于過(guò)度推斷；

C選項(xiàng)“女人不可能同時(shí)擁有‘掌控感’和‘愉悅感’”，第一段提到“但是，如果女性想要自我感覺(jué)良好，她們需要了解和發(fā)展幸福的兩個(gè)方面。”說(shuō)明女性是可以擁有二者的，該選項(xiàng)與原文意思相反，屬于反向干擾。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Theauthor’sattitudetowardswomenhavingacareeris____.作者對(duì)女性職業(yè)的態(tài)度是____。

A.criticalA.批判的

B.positiveB.積極的

C.neutralC.中立的

D.realisticD.現(xiàn)實(shí)的

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到倒數(shù)第二段“但我們知道，掌控和愉悅都是至關(guān)重要的。掌控似乎很大程度上是通過(guò)工作獲得的。在我們的研究中，所有被雇傭的女性比沒(méi)有被雇傭的女性在掌控能力上的得分要高得多。”以及最后一段第一句“當(dāng)一個(gè)女人承擔(dān)多個(gè)角色時(shí)，她的幸福感會(huì)得到提升。”由此可推斷作者對(duì)女性有一份工作的態(tài)度是積極的。因此選B。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“批判的”，與作者態(tài)度相反，該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

C、D選項(xiàng)曲解原文，屬于過(guò)度推斷。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Onecanconcludefromthepassagethatifawomantakesonseveralsocialroles,____.我們可以從文章中得出結(jié)論，如果一個(gè)女人承擔(dān)了幾個(gè)社會(huì)角色，____。

A.itwillbeeasierforhertoovercomestressandstrainA.她會(huì)更容易克服壓力和緊張

B.shewillbemoresuccessfulinhercareerB.她會(huì)在事業(yè)上更成功

C.herchancesofgettingpromotedwillbegreaterC.她升職的機(jī)會(huì)更大

D.herlifewillbericherandmoremeaningfulD.她的生活會(huì)更豐富，更有意義

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到最后一段“當(dāng)一個(gè)女人承擔(dān)多個(gè)角色時(shí)，她的幸福感會(huì)得到提升（Awoman’swell-beingisenhancedwhenshetakesonmultipleroles）。盡管有壓力和緊張的警告，但至少在中年，那些身兼多種角色——婚姻、母親和工作——的女性幸福感最高。”也就是說(shuō)當(dāng)一個(gè)女人承擔(dān)多個(gè)角色時(shí)，她的幸福感會(huì)很高。由此可推斷她的生活更加有意義。因此選D。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“她會(huì)更容易克服壓力和緊張”，文章最后一段提到“盡管有壓力和緊張的警告，但至少在中年，那些身兼多種角色——婚姻、母親和工作——的女性幸福感最高。”只是說(shuō)承擔(dān)多種角色時(shí)，女性有壓力警告，并沒(méi)有說(shuō)會(huì)更容易克服壓力，該選項(xiàng)屬于過(guò)度推斷；

B選項(xiàng)“她會(huì)在事業(yè)上更成功”，文章沒(méi)有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“她升職的機(jī)會(huì)更大”，文章沒(méi)有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于過(guò)度推斷。

4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Whichofthefollowingcanbeidentifiedasasourceof“pleasure”forwomen?以下哪一項(xiàng)可以被認(rèn)為是女性“快樂(lè)”的來(lái)源？

A.Familylife.A.家庭生活。

B.Regularemployment.B.固定雇用。

C.Multiplerolesinsociety.C.社會(huì)中的多種角色。

D.Freedomfromanxiety.D.免于焦慮。

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第二段第四句“快樂(lè)是另一個(gè)維度，它由幸福、滿(mǎn)足和樂(lè)觀組成。它更緊密地與生活的‘感覺(jué)’方面聯(lián)系在一起（Itistiedmorecloselytothe‘feeling’sideoflife）。”由此可推斷，快樂(lè)與生活相聯(lián)系，因此選A。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“固定雇用。”，文章第二段提及“掌控與生活、工作和活動(dòng)中‘做’的一面密切相關(guān)。”，由此可知工作與掌控有關(guān)，而不是與快樂(lè)有關(guān)，該選項(xiàng)屬于張冠李戴；

C選項(xiàng)“社會(huì)中的多種角色。”，文中只是說(shuō)多種角色會(huì)讓幸福感提升，而不是幸福的來(lái)源，該選項(xiàng)屬于過(guò)度推斷；

D選項(xiàng)“免于焦慮。”，文中沒(méi)有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Themostappropriatetitleforthepassagewouldbe____.這篇文章最合適的標(biāo)題是____。

A.Thewell-beingofCareerWomenA.職業(yè)女性的幸福

B.SourcesofMasteryandPleasureB.掌控和快樂(lè)的源泉

C.TwoAspectsofWomen’sWell-beingC.婦女福祉的兩個(gè)方面

D.MultipleRolesofWomeninSociety

D.婦女在社會(huì)中的多重角色

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】主旨大意題。

【解題思路】文章第一段講了掌控感和幸福感是女性需要了解和發(fā)展幸福的兩個(gè)方面；文章第二段分別解釋了掌控感和幸福感分別與工作和生活聯(lián)系；文章第三段講了掌控和愉悅都是至關(guān)重要的；文章最后一段講身兼多個(gè)角色的女性幸福感會(huì)很高。綜合全文，文章主要講了女性幸福感的兩個(gè)方面。因此選C。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“職業(yè)女性的幸福”，文章并沒(méi)有特指職業(yè)女性的幸福，該選項(xiàng)屬于以偏概全；

B選項(xiàng)“掌控和快樂(lè)的源泉”，文章第二段提到了掌控和快樂(lè)的源泉，但是是對(duì)文章的片面概況，屬于以偏概全；

D選項(xiàng)“婦女在社會(huì)中的多重角色”，文章沒(méi)有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

5.單選題

Itisallverywelltoblametrafficjams,thecostofpetrolandthequickpaceofmodernlife,butmannersintheroadsarebecominghorrible.Everybodyknowsthatthenicestmenbecomemonstersbehindthewheels.Itisallverywell,againtohaveatigerinthetank,buttohaveoneinthedriver’sseatisanothermatteraltogether.Youmighttoleratetheoddroad-hog,therudeandinconsideratedrive,butnowadaysthewell-manneredmotorististheexceptiontotherule.Perhapsthesituationcallsfora“Bekindtootherdrivers”campaign;otherwiseitmaygetcompletelyoutofhand.

Roadpolitenessisnotonlygoodmanner,butgoodsense,too.Ittakesthemostcool-headedandgood-temperedofdriverstoresistthetemptationtorevengewhensubjectedtouncivilizedbehavior.Ontheotherhand,alittlepolitenessgoesalongwaytowardsrelievingthetensionsofmotoring.Afriendlynodorawaveofacknowledgementinresponsetoanactofpolitenesshelpstocreateanatmosphereofgoodwillandtolerancesonecessaryinmodemmoderntrafficconditions.Butsuchacknowledgementsofpolitenessarealltooraretoday.Manydriversnowadaysdon’tevenseemabletorecognizepolitenesswhentheyseeit.

However,misplacedpolitenesscanalsobedangerous.Typicalexamplesarethedriverwhobrakesviolentlytoallowacartoemergefromasidestreetatsomehazardtofollowingtraffic,whenafewsecondslatertheroadwouldbeclearanyway;orthemanwhowavesachildacrossazebracrossingintothepathofoncomingvehiclesthatmaybeunabletostopintime.Thesamegoesforencouragingoldladiestocrosstheroadwhereverandwhenevertheycareto.Italwaysamazesmethatthehighwaysarenotcoveredwithdeadbodiesofthesegrannies.

Aveterandriver,whosemannersarefaultless,toldmeitwouldhelpifmotoristslearnttofiltercorrectlyintotrafficstreamsoneatatimewithoutcausingthetotalblockagesthatgivesrisetobadtemper.Unfortunately,modernmotoristscan’tevenlearntodrive,letalonemasterthesubtleraspectsofroadmanship.Yearsagotheexpertswarnedusthatthecarownershipexplosionwoulddemandalotmoregive-and-takefromallroadusers.Itishightimeforallofustotakethismessagetoheart.

1.Accordingtothispassage,troublesontheroadaremainlycausedby

.

2.Thesentence“Youmighttoleratetheoddroad-hog...therule”(Para.A.1)impliesthat_________.

3.By“goodsense”,thewritermeans

.

4.Expertshavelongpointedoutthatinthefaceofcar-ownershipexplosion,______.

5.Inthewriter’sopinion,______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.people’sattitudetowardsroad-hog

B.therhythmofmodernlife

C.thebehaviorofthedriver

D.trafficconditions

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.oursocietyisunjusttowardswell-manneredmotorists

B.rudedriverscanbemetoccasionally

C.thewell-manneredmotoristcannottoleratetheroad-hog

D.nowadaysimpolitedriversconstituteamajorityofmotorists

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thedriver’sabilitytounderstandandreactreasonably

B.thedriver’spromptresponsetodifficultyandsevereconditions

C.thedriver’stoleranceofrudeorevensavagebehavior

D.thedriver’sacknowledgementofpolitenessandregulations

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.roadusersshouldmakemoresacrifice

B.driversshouldbereadytoyieldtoeachother

C.driversshouldhavemorecommunicationamongthemselves

D.driverswillsuffergreatlossiftheypaynorespecttoothers

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.stricttrafficregulationsarebadlyneeded

B.driversshouldapplyroadpolitenessproperly

C.rudedriversshouldbepunished

D.driversshouldavoidtrafficjams

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句話(huà)“Itisallverywelltoblametrafficjams,thecostofpetrolandthequickpaceofmodernlife,butmannersontheroadsarebecominghorrible.”可知，公路上的麻煩主要是由司機(jī)的行為導(dǎo)致的。因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。文章第一段倒數(shù)第二句話(huà)提到如今彬彬有禮的駕車(chē)者卻成了例外（Youmighttoleratetheoddroad-hog,therudeandinconsideratedrive,butnowadaysthewell-manneredmotorististheexceptiontotherule），由此可推測(cè)粗魯?shù)乃緳C(jī)占了大多數(shù)，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。文章第二段第一句提到道路禮儀不僅是好的態(tài)度，還是良好的意識(shí)（Roadpolitenessisnotonlygoodmanner,butgoodsense,too.），接著又提到當(dāng)遇到不文明行為時(shí)，只有頭腦最冷靜、脾氣最好的司機(jī)才能抵制報(bào)復(fù)的誘惑（Ittakesthemostcool-headedandgood-temperedofdriverstoresistthetemptationtorevengewhensubjectedtouncivilizedbehavior），說(shuō)明良好的意識(shí)就是能夠忍受一些不良的行為，因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。文章最后一段倒數(shù)第二句話(huà)提到專(zhuān)家?guī)啄昵熬透嬲]我們汽車(chē)數(shù)量的增多需要道路使用者相互理解（Yearsagotheexpertswarnedusthatthecarownershipexplosionwoulddemandalotmoregive-and-takefromallroadusers），因此選項(xiàng)CB符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段第一句話(huà)“Aveterandriver,whosemannersarefaultless,toldmeitwouldhelpifmotoristslearnttofiltercorrectlyintotrafficstreamsoneatatimewithoutcausingthetotalblockagesthatgiverisetobadtemper.”一個(gè)資深的司機(jī)，認(rèn)為司機(jī)應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)正確加入交通而不會(huì)造成令人生氣的交通阻塞。可知，作者認(rèn)為司機(jī)應(yīng)該適當(dāng)?shù)厥褂枚Y貌。因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

6.單選題

Thereasonhewantstotakealeaveofabsenceis______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.becauseheisneedingacompleterest

B.becauseheneededacompleterest

C.thatheneedsacompleterest

D.becauseacompleterestisneededbyhim

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.becauseheisneedingacompleterestB.becauseheneededacompleterest

C.thatheneedsacompleterestD.becauseacompleterestisneededbyhim

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】表語(yǔ)從句。

【解題思路】分析句子可知，句子缺少表語(yǔ)，而結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，該句的句意是“他想休假的原因是他需要充分休息”，所以空格處是一個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句，because和that都可以引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，而“需要休息”的主體是he，所以從句中的主語(yǔ)用he，又根據(jù)前面的wants可知，need應(yīng)該同樣用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)need一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)；

B項(xiàng)need時(shí)態(tài)使用錯(cuò)誤；

D項(xiàng)主語(yǔ)應(yīng)該是he，故排除。

【句意】他想休假的原因是他需要充分休息。

7.單選題

ThesmallJacksonisnot（

）now,buthewillbefamoussomeday.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.magnificent

B.prominent

C.dominant

D.significant

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。magnificent意為“壯麗的，宏偉的”；prominent意為“突出的，杰出的”；dominant意為“占優(yōu)勢(shì)的”；significant意為“重要的”。

句意：小杰克遜現(xiàn)在還不出名，但總有一天他會(huì)出名的。

8.單選題

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fluctuation

B.crisis

C.diminution

D.partition

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.fluctuation起伏，波動(dòng)B.crisis危機(jī)，危險(xiǎn)期

C.diminution減少，降低，縮小D.partition劃分，分隔，分開(kāi)

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】oscillation在句中的意思是“波動(dòng)，浮動(dòng)”，A選項(xiàng)與劃線(xiàn)單詞最為接近，故本題正確答案為A項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D項(xiàng)與劃線(xiàn)單詞的意思不符合。

【句意】因此，如果這個(gè)過(guò)程發(fā)生了，大氣中二氧化碳的含量可能會(huì)長(zhǎng)期波動(dòng)。

9.單選題

Hewasconfrontedbyavisionofburningvehiclesandslashedbodied,strewnonaground（）withabandonedclothes,shoes,passportsandwreckedhouseholdgoods.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.crammed

B.loaded

C.permeated

D.littered

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。litterwith意為“散落著，將…亂扔在…處”。句意：他看到的是燃燒的車(chē)輛和被砍傷的身體，地上散落著丟棄的衣服、鞋子、護(hù)照和毀壞的家用物品。選項(xiàng)D符合語(yǔ)境。

10.單選題

Mostofthenonverbalcommunicationatworkcentersonasingletheme:power,whichtranslatesintostatus.Ineveryspeciesandsociety,thoseincontroltryto（1）large,strongandfearless.

（2）

someotheranimals

（3）

dominance,humanshavetheirownwaysofsignalingwho'sin

（4）

.“Inourculture,statusshows

（5）

subtlyintherelaxedpostureandwayofinteraction”sayAlbertMehrabian,aprofessorofpsychology.

（

6）

,thoselowerinpositioncharacteristicallydisplaymore

（7）

.“Theclassicexampleisthesoldierstandingat

（8）

inthepresenceofthesuperiorofficer,"saysMehrabian.

Theleadersinagroupusuallyaretheoneswholeanbackintheirchairs.Tomakethepoint,theymaylean

（9）

.Theirgesturesarelargeandfluid,

（10）

aneasyconfidenceandcommandofspace.

（11）

alsotakegreatercontrolofconversation.“Thepersoninauthority

（12）

totalkmore,speaklouderand

（13）

others,”saysMehrabian.

Thebodiesofthepowerfulcanalso“l(fā)eak”messagesofweaknessthatalwaysbetray

（14）

they'rereallyfeeling.Imaginethis

（15）

:theheadofyourcompanyannouncestohisstaffthatthefirmhasbeenboughtbyagiantcorporation.“Thisisgreatnews!”hesays“Thenewownersaremore

（16）

thanever.”

Ashespeaks,yourbossstandsstifflybehindthechair,hishandsclaspedinfrontofhim.Hesmilesoften,

（17）

hiseyeshaveaseriouslook.Hisvoiceisflat,andthe

（18）

seemshigherthanusual.Shouldyoubelievehim?“Lookfordifferences

（19）

whatyou'reseeingandwhatyou'rehearing,”suggestsAustin.Yourboss’sbodylanguageis

（20）

reassuring.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.pretend

B.appear

C.seem

D.disguise

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.As

B.Besides

C.Like

D.Despite

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.asserting

B.declaring

C.confirming

D.claiming

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.management

B.duty

C.obligation

D.charge

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.it

B.itself

C.them

D.us

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.Consequently

B.Unfortunately

C.Conversely

D.Undoubtedly

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.rigidity

B.dignity

C.vigor

D.rigor

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.peace

B.length

C.ease

D.attention

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.forward

B.toward

C.ahead

D.over

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.proposing

B.embodying

C.signaling

D.proving

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.Authorities

B.Superiors

C.Inferiors

D.Officials

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.cares

B.intends

C.tends

D.means

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.intervene

B.interfere

C.intermingle

D.interrupt

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.which

B.what

C.that

D.why

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.sight

B.spot

C.scenery

D.scene

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.secure

B.responsible

C.generous

D.optimistic

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.when

B.as

C.although

D.so

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.throat

B.tone

C.note

D.melody

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.in

B.among

C.from

D.between

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.anythingbut

B.nothingbut

C.nom