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書山有路勤為徑,學海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區的她考研考博-英語-南昌師范學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Itwillbesafertowalkthestreetsbecausepeoplewillnotneedtocarrylargeamountsofcash;virtuallyallfinancial()willbeconductedbycomputer.

問題1選項

A.transmissions

B.transitions

C.transactions

D.transformations

【答案】C

【解析】句意:事實上,所有的資金交易都將由計算機來處理,人們將不需要攜帶大量的現金,所以在街上閑逛將會更安全。

考查名詞辨析。transmission傳送,傳遞,傳達,傳播,傳染;transition過渡,轉變,轉換;transaction交易,事務;transformation轉化,轉換,改革,變形。由句意“人們將不需要攜帶大量的現金”可知C正確。

2.單選題

Inrecentyears,therehasbeenasteadyassaultonsaltfromthedoctors:saltisbadforyouregardlessofyourhealth.Politiciansalsogotonboard.“Thereisadirectrelationship,”UScongressmanNealSmithnoted,“betweentheamountofsodiumapersonconsumesandheartdisease,circulatorydisorders,strokeandevenearlydeath.”

Frightening,iftrue!Butmanydoctorsandmedicalresearchersarenowbeginningtofeelthesaltscarehasgonetoofar.“Allthishueandcryabouteatingsaltisunnecessary,”Dr.Dustaninsists.“Formostofusitprobablydoesn’tmakemuchdifferencehowmuchsaltweeat.”Dustan’smostrecentshort-termstudyof150peopleshowedthatthosewithnormalbloodpressureexperiencednochangeatallwhenplacedonanextremelylow-saltdiet,orlaterwhensaltwasreintroduced.Ofthehypertensivesubjects,however,halfofthoseonthelow-saltdietdidexperienceadropinbloodpressure,whichreturnedtoitspreviouslevelwhensaltwasreintroduced.

“Anadequatetosomewhatexcessivesaltintakehasprobablysavedmanymorelivesthanithascostinthegeneralpopulation,”notesDr.JohnH.Laragh.“Soarecommendationthatthewholepopulationshouldavoidsaltmakesnosense.”

Medicalexpertsagreethateveryoneshouldpracticereasonable“moderation”insaltconsumption.Fortheaverageperson,amoderateamountmightrunfromfourtotengramsaday,orroughly1/2to1/3ofateaspoon.Theequivalentofonetotwogramsofthissaltallowancewouldcomefromthenaturalsodiuminfood.Therestwouldbeaddedinprocessing,preparationoratthetable.

Thosewithkidney,liverorheartproblemsmayhavetolimitdietarysalt,iftheirdoctoradvises.Buteventheveryvocal“lowsalt”exponent,Dr.ArthurHullHayes,Jr.admitsthat“wedonotknowwhetherincreasedsodiumconsumptioncauseshypertension.”Infact,thereisgrowingscientificevidencethatotherfactorsmaybeinvolved:deficienciesincalcium,potassium,perhapsmagnesium;obesity(muchmoredangerousthansodium);geneticpredisposition;stress.

“Itisnotyourenemy,”saysDr.Laragh.“saltistheNo.1naturalcomponentofallhumantissue,andtheideathatyoudon’tneeditiswrong.Unlessyourdoctorhasproventhatyouhaveasalt-relatedhealthproblem,thereisnoreasontogiveitup.”

1.Accordingtosomedoctorsandpoliticians,theamountofsaltconsumed______.

2.Dr.Dustan’sstudyindicates______.

3.Inthethirdparagraph,Dr.Laraghimpliesthat______.

4.Whatdoes“moderationinsaltconsumption”mostprobablyrefersto?

5.Whatisthemainmessageofthistext?

問題1選項

A.posesasanaggravatingfactortopeopleinpoorhealth

B.curesdiseasessuchasheartproblemandcirculatorydisorders

C.correlatestosomediseases

D.isirrelevanttopeoplesufferingfromheartdisease

問題2選項

A.alow-saltdietmaydosomegoodtopeople’shealth

B.theamountofsaltintakedoesnotmakemuchdifferencetoone’sbloodpressure

C.thereductionofsaltintakecancureahypertensivepatient

D.anextremelylow-saltdietresultsinalowbloodpressure

問題3選項

A.peopleshouldtakeexcessivesalt

B.doctorsshouldnotadvisepeopletoavoidsalt

C.anadequatetoexcessivesaltintakeisrecommendedforpeople

D.excessivesaltintakehasclaimedsomevictimsinthegeneralpopulation

問題4選項

A.Anexcessiveconsumptionofsalt.

B.Low-saltconsumption.

C.BothAandB.

D.NeitherAorB.

問題5選項

A.Thesaltscareisnotjustified.

B.Thecauseofhypertensionisnowunderstood.

C.Themoderateuseofsaltisrecommended.

D.Saltconsumptionistobepromoted.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段Inrecentyears,therehasbeenasteadyassaultonsaltfromthedoctors:saltisbadforyouregardlessofyourhealth.Politiciansalsogotonboard.“Thereisadirectrelationship,”UScongressmanNealSmithnoted,“betweentheamountofsodiumapersonconsumesandheartdisease,circulatorydisorders,strokeandevenearlydeath.”(近年來,醫生們對食鹽的攻擊不斷:不管你的健康如何,食鹽對你都有害。政客們也加入了進來。美國國會議員尼爾?史密斯指出:“一個人攝入的鈉含量與心臟病、循環系統疾病、中風甚至早逝之間有直接關系。),說明醫生和政客認為食鹽的攝入量與某些疾病的發生息息相關。因此C選項“與一些疾病有關”正確。A選項“對健康狀況不佳的人來說是一個加重的因素”在文章沒有提及,所以A錯誤。B選項“可以治療諸如心臟問題和循環系統紊亂等疾病”,由原文可知,食鹽會加重這些疾病,所以B錯誤。D選項“與患有心臟病的人沒有關系”與原文的表述相反,所以D錯誤。

2.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段最后一句halfofthoseonthelow-saltdietdidexperienceadropinbloodpressure,whichreturnedtoitspreviouslevelwhensaltwasreintroduced.(低鹽飲食組中有一半的人血壓確實下降了,當重新攝入鹽時,血壓又回到了之前的水平。),說明達斯頓博士的研究表明低鹽飲食會使血壓下降,回歸正常的血壓,對健康有好處。因此A選項“低鹽飲食可能對人們的健康有好處”正確。B選項“鹽的攝入量對人的血壓沒有什么影響”與原文的表述相反,所以B錯誤。C選項“減少鹽的攝入可以治愈高血壓患者”,D選項“低鹽飲食會導致低血壓的出現”在文中沒有提及,所以C,D錯誤。

3.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段最后一句Soarecommendationthatthewholepopulationshouldavoidsaltmakesnosense.(所以建議所有人都避免吃鹽是沒有意義的。),說明拉勒夫博士認為不應該建議所有人都避免吃鹽。因此B選項“醫生不應該建議人們避免吃鹽”正確。A選項“人們應該攝入過多的鹽”,C選項“建議人們攝入足夠的到過量的鹽”,D選項“攝入過量的鹽在普通人群中已經造成了一些傷害”在文中均沒有提及,所以A,C,D錯誤。

4.語義推測題。由題干關鍵詞“moderationinsaltconsumption”可以定位到文章第四段第一、二句Medicalexpertsagreethateveryoneshouldpracticereasonable“moderation”insaltconsumption.Fortheaverageperson,amoderateamountmightrunfromfourtotengramsaday,orroughly1/2to1/3ofateaspoon.(醫學專家一致認為,每個人都應該合理“節制”鹽的攝入。對于一般人來說,適量的量可能是每天4到10克,或大約1/2到1/3茶匙。),說明“moderationinsaltconsumption”在文中是指“合理攝入食鹽”的意思。A選項“過量攝入食鹽”,B選項“低量攝入食鹽”,C選項“A和B都是”均不符合原文,所以A,B,C錯誤。因此D選項“A和B都不是”正確。

5.主旨大意題。結合全文可知,本文主要討論了食鹽攝入量與人體健康的關系。通過人們對于鹽的恐慌引出相關話題,最后表明除非醫生告知你有與攝取鹽分相關的健康問題,否則沒有理由不攝取食鹽,由此可知食鹽恐慌是不合理的。因此A選項“食鹽恐慌是沒有道理的”正確。B選項“高血壓的原因現在已經被了解”,C選項“建議適度食鹽”,D選項“要促進食鹽攝入”都是文章的某一部分,不能全面地概括文章主旨,食鹽B,C,D錯誤。

3.單選題

Ifit()tomorrow,thematchwouldbeputoff.

問題1選項

A.weretorain

B.wastorain

C.wasraining

D.hadrained

【答案】A

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。If引導條件狀語從句,句子用虛擬語氣。對將來情況的虛擬,主句用would/should/could/might+動詞原形,從句用if+主語+did/weretodo/shoulddo,所以本題應該選A選項“weretorain”,正確。

4.單選題

Itwasa

verydifficultexamination,()he

passeditwithdistinction.

問題1選項

A.consequently

B.moreover

C.nevertheless

D.likewise

【答案】C

【解析】句意:雖然考試很難,但他以優異的成績通過了考試。此處為轉折關系,只有nevertheless有轉折的含義。

5.問答題

Increasingthetaxonhouseholdgoodsisboundtocausetrouble.(It’sasking)

【答案】It’saskingfortroubletoincreasethetaxonhouseholdgoods.

6.單選題

______theymayeventuallyreducetheamountoflaborneededonconstructionsitesby90percent.

問題1選項

A.Socleveraretheconstructionrobots

B.Soclevertheconstructionrobotsare

C.Suchconstructionrobotsareclever

D.Suchcleverconstructionrobotsare

【答案】A

【解析】考查定語從句。句意:這些建筑機器人非常聰明,它們最終可能會使建筑工地所需的勞動力減少90%。根據狀語前置用倒裝結構,排除B、D選項,C選項使題目成為兩個獨立的完整句子,不符合題意。根據語境和句子結構,句子還原成Theconstructionrobotsaresocleverthattheymayeventuallyreducetheamountoflabor…,that在這里省略,A選項Socleveraretheconstructionrobots符合題意。因此A選項正確。

7.單選題

Fearshowedintheeyesoftheyoungman,whiletheoldmanlookedtiredand().

問題1選項

A.watery

B.wandering

C.weary

D.wearing

【答案】C

【解析】考查形似詞詞義辨析。watery“水的,濕的”;wandering“徘徊的,流浪的”;weary“疲倦的,疲勞的”;wearing“磨損的,令人厭倦的”。句意:當那位老人看起來非常疲憊時,這位年輕人眼中露出恐懼。選項C符合題意。

8.單選題

It’snogood(

)remembergrammaticalrules.Youneedtopracticewhatyouhavelearned.

問題1選項

A.tryingto

B.tryto

C.totryto

D.triedto

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定用法。It’snogooddoingsth.做...是沒用的。所以選項A正確。

9.單選題

Therepublicationofthepoet'smostrecentworkswillcertainly()hisnationalreputation.

問題1選項

A.enhance

B.strengthen

C.enlarge

D.magnify

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。enhance增加,加強,提高;strengthen加強,鞏固;enlarge擴大,使增大;magnify放大,贊美。句意:這位詩人最新作品的再版必將提高他在全國的聲譽。enhancereputation提高聲譽;A項符合題意。

10.問答題

WhydosomanyAmericansdistrustwhattheyreadintheirnewspapers?TheAmericanSocietyofNewspaperEditorsistryingtoanswerthispainfulquestion.Theorganizationisdeepintoalongself-analysisknownasthejournalismcredibilityproject.

Sadtosay,thisprojecthasturnedouttobemostlylow-levelfindingsaboutfactualerrorsandspellingandgrammarmistakes,combinedwithlotsofhead-scratchingpuzzlementaboutwhatintheworldthosereadersreallywant.

Butthesourcesofdistrustgowaydeeper.Mostjournalistslearntoseetheworldthroughasetofstandardtemplates(patterns)intowhichtheyplugeachday’sevents.Inotherwords,thereisaconventionalstorylineinthenewsroomculturethatprovidesabackboneandaready-madenarrativestructureforotherwiseconfusingnews.

Thereexistsasocialandculturaldisconnectbetweenjournalistsandtheirreaders,whichhelpsexplainwhythe“standardtemplates”ofthenewsroomseemalientomanyreaders.Inarecentsurvey,questionnairesweresenttoreportersinfivemiddle-sizecitiesaroundthecountry,plusonelargemetropolitanarea.Thenresidentsinthesecommunitieswerephonedatrandomandaskthesamequestions.

RepliesshowthatcomparedwithotherAmericans,journalistsaremorelikelytoliveinupscaleneighborhoods,havemaids,ownMercedeses,andtradestocks,andthey’relesslikelytogotochurch,dovolunteerwork,orputdownrootsinacommunity.

Reporterstendtobepartofabroadlydefinedsocialandculturalelite,sotheirworktendstoreflecttheconventionalvaluesofthiselite.Theastonishingdistrustofthenewsmediaisn’trootedininaccuracyorpoorreportorialskillsbutinthedailyclashofworldviewsbetweenreportersandtheirreaders.

Thisisanexplosivesituationforanyindustry,particularlyadecliningone.Hereisatroubledbusinessthatkeepshiringemployeeswhoseattitudesvastlyannoythecustomers.Thenitsponsorslotsofsymposiumsandacredibilityprojectdedicatedtowonderingwhycustomersareannoyedandfleeinginlargenumbers.Butitneverseemstogetaroundtonoticingtheculturalandclassbiasesthatsomanyformerbuyersarecomplainingabout.Ifitdid,itwouldopenupitsdiversityprogram,nowfocusednarrowlyonraceandgender,andlookforreporterswhodifferbroadlybyoutlook,values,education,andclass.

1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

2.WhattriggersAmericans’distrustintheirnewspapersaccordingtothefindingsofthejournalismcredibilityproject?

3.Whatdoes“standardtemplates”(Para3)referto?

4.WhatistherootofAmerican’sdistrustintheirnewspapers?

5.Whatshouldthenewspaperindustrydotosolvetheproblemconcerningreportersaccordingtotheauthor?

【答案】答:

1.Itisaboutcausesofthepublicdisappointmentaboutnewspaper.

2.Low-levelerrorsandpuzzlementaboutreaders’realwants.

3.Aconventionalstorylinewithaready-madenarrativestructure.

4.Thedifferentworldviewsbetweenreportersandtheirreaders.

5.Ensurereportersdiversityinoutlook,values,education,andclass.

【解析】1.主旨大意題。題干意思是“這篇文章主要關于什么?”。文章第一段開頭指出WhydosomanyAmericansdistrustwhattheyreadintheirnewspapers?(為什么這么多美國人不相信他們在報紙上看到的東西?),接著下面幾段都是在研究美國人不相信報紙的原因,所以答案為Itisaboutcausesofthepublicdisappointmentaboutnewspaper(它是關于公眾對報紙失望的原因)。

2.細節事實題。題干意思是“根據新聞可信度項目的調查結果,是什么引發了美國人對他們的報紙的不信任?”。文章第二段指出thisprojecthasturnedouttobemostlylow-levelfindingsaboutfactualerrorsandspellingandgrammarmistakes,combinedwithlotsofhead-scratchingpuzzlementaboutwhatintheworldthosereadersreallywant.(這次新聞機構可信度調查計劃結果只獲得了一些低層次的發現,比如新聞報道中的事實錯誤,拼寫或語法錯誤,和這些低層次發現交織在一起的還有許多令人撓頭的困惑,譬如讀者到底想讀些什么),由此可知答案為Low-levelerrorsandpuzzlementaboutreaders’realwants(低級錯誤和對讀者真實需求的困惑)。

3.細節事實題。題干意思是“第三段的‘標準模板’指的是什么?”。根據題干定位到第三段,最后一句指出Inotherwords,thereisaconventionalstorylineinthenewsroomculturethatprovidesabackboneandaready-madenarrativestructureforotherwiseconfusingnews.(換句話說,在媒介機構的新聞采編室中存在著一套約定俗成的寫作模式,為新聞報道提供了主干框架以及可直接套用的敘述結構),由此可知答案為Aconventionalstorylinewithaready-madenarrativestructure(有現成敘述結構的傳統故事線)。

4.細節事實題。題干意思是“美國人對報紙不信任的根源是什么?”。根據第六段最后一句Theastonishingdistrustofthenewsmediaisn’trootedininaccuracyorpoorreportorialskillsbutinthedailyclashofworldviewsbetweenreportersandtheirreaders.(人們對新聞媒體令人震驚的不信任,其根源并不是報道失實或低下的報道技巧,而是記者與讀者的世界觀每天都發生著沖突)可知,答案為Thedifferentworldviewsbetweenreportersandtheirreaders(記者和讀者的不同世界觀)。

5.細節事實題。題干意思是“作者認為,報業應該如何解決記者的問題?”。文章最后一句指出Ifitdid,itwouldopenupitsdiversityprogram,nowfocusednarrowlyonraceandgender,andlookforreporterswhodifferbroadlybyoutlook,values,education,andclass.(如果新聞界真的注意到了問題的關鍵,它就應該進一步開放其多樣化項目,這個項目現在還只單純考慮招收不同種族和性別的員工,而進一步尋找那些世界觀、價值觀、教育水平和社會階層大相徑庭的各種記者),可知答案為Ensurereportersdiversityinoutlook,values,education,andclass(確保記者在觀點、價值觀、教育和階層上的多樣性)。

11.單選題

Thepriceofthecoalwillvaryaccordingtohowfarithastobetransportedandhowexpensivethefreight()are.

問題1選項

A.payments

B.charges

C.funds

D.prices

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。payments“付款,薪資”;charges“費用,手續費”;funds“資金,基金”;prices“價格”。句意:煤的價格將根據運輸的距離和運費的價格而有所不同。B項符合題意。

12.單選題

Manypeoplenowadayssavemoneyto().

問題1選項

A.cater

B.supply

C.provide

D.equip

【答案】C

【解析】句意:如今很多人攢錢為自己的老年做準備。

考查動詞辨析。caterfor迎合,供應伙食;為…提供所需;supplyfor為…提供;providefor供給,規定,為…做準備;equipfor為…裝備,提供。因此C符合句意。

13.單選題

EventhosewhodisagreedwithCarmen’sviewsrarelyfaultedherforexpressingthem,forthepositionsshetookwereas(

)astheywerecontroversial.

問題1選項

A.complicated

B.thoughtful

C.subjective

D.commonplace

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。complicated“難懂的,復雜的”;thoughtful“深思的;體貼的”;subjective“主觀的;自覺的”;commonplace“平凡的;普通的”。句意:即使是那些不同意卡門觀點的人,也很少指責她的表達,因為卡門所采取的立場如同有爭議那樣讓人深思。由controversial可知,既然該立場有爭議,所以引人深思。故B項符合題意。

14.單選題

)herinterestinchildren,teachingshouldbetherightcareerforher.

問題1選項

A.Giving

B.Give

C.Given

D.Togive

【答案】C

【解析】考查given的特殊語法。given充當介詞,意思是“考慮到”。句意:考慮到她對孩子的興趣,教學工作應該是她正確的職業。選項C符合題意。

15.單選題

MillionsofAmericanstakelargeamountsofvitaminCpillseverydaybecausetheybelievethevitaminwillhelpthemstayhealthy.However,anewstudysaysvitaminCmayhelpproducesubstancesthatcandamageDNA.ScientistsattheUniversityofPennsylvaniaexperimentedwithvitaminCintesttubes.TheystudiedtheeffectsofvitaminConasubstanceproducedinthebodyfromfat.Thatsubstanceiscalledhydro-peroxide(過氧化氫物),whichcanbechangedinacellintosubstancesthatcandamageDNA.ThescientistsfoundthatvitaminCeasilychangedthehydro-peroxideintothegene-damagingpoisons.Suchdamageisthefirststeptowarddevelopingcancer.

However,thescientistssaythestudydoesnotmeanthatvitaminCcausescancer.Theysayitiswell-knownthatvitaminCisimportantforhumanhealth,butpeoplecangetenoughvitaminCinthefoodstheyeat.Earlierstudieshaveshownthateatingalotoffruits,vegetablesandgrainscanreducethechanceofdevelopingbothheartdiseaseandcancer.

OtherresearchersagreethatthelateststudyisimportantinunderstandingthechemistryofvitaminC.Buttheysaythestudydidnotinvolvepeople.ThevitaminCwastestedinthelaboratoryonly.Theythinktheresultsmightbedifferentinlivingcells.

MarkLevineisavitaminCexpertwhoquestionswhetherasimilarstudyinpeoplewouldproducethesameresults.HealsosayspeopleshouldgettheirvitaminCinfoodinsteadoftakinghugeamountsinpillstostayhealthy,andresearchdoesnotsupporttakingalotofvitaminC.

TheUnitedStatesgovernmentsayspeopleshouldgetabouteightymilligramsofvitaminCeachdayinthefoodstheyeat.StudieshaveshownthatthebodycannotusemorethantwohundredmilligramsofvitaminCeachday.MedicalresearcherssaythattakingvitaminCpillscannotreplacethevalueofeatinghealthyfoods.

1.Whatdoesthispassagemainlydiscuss?

2.WhichoneisNottrueabouttheeffectofVCaccordingtothepassage?

3.Whatdoestheauthorimplywhenhementions“livingcells”inParagraph3?

4.Whichofthefollowingisnottrueaboutthescientists’research?

5.TakingalotofVC(

).

問題1選項

A.TakingalargeamountofVCwilldogoodtohealth.

B.TakingtoomuchVCpillseverydayisnotgoodforhealth.

C.PeopleshouldtakeasmuchVCaspossible.

D.ItisnotnecessaryatalltotakeVCpills.

問題2選項

A.Itisimportantforhumanhealth

B.ItmayhelpproducesubstancesthatcandamageDNA

C.Itcausescancer

D.VCinfoodscanreducethechanceofdevelopingheartdiseaseandcancer

問題3選項

A.Theresearchhasinvolvedlivingcreatures.

B.Theresultsfromthelabtestmightnotalwaysbereliable.

C.Ifitistestedinlivingbodytheresultswillbethesame.

D.ThechemistryofVCisliving.

問題4選項

A.ThescientistsexperimentedwithVCintesttubes.

B.Theresearchdidn’tinvolvepeople.

C.VCwastestedinthelabonly.

D.MarkLevinedidtheexperimentinvolvingpeople.

問題5選項

A.issupportedbyVCexpert

B.isencouragedbytheU.S.government

C.isagreedbymedicalresearchers

D.isdisapprovedbymanyscientists

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。根據第一段的內容可知,美國人每天服用大量的維生素C藥片,一項新的研究表明維生素C會產生破壞DNA的物質。由此可知,不能大量的攝入維生素C,所以選項A和C錯誤;再根據第二段第二句“itiswell-knownthatvitaminCisimportantforhumanhealth.”眾所周知,維生素C對人體健康很重要,所以不攝入維生素C也是不行的,選項D錯誤;只有選項B正確。所以本題選B。

第2題:細節事實題。根據第二段第一句“thescientistssaythestudydoesnotmeanthatvitaminCcausescancer.”科學家說,這項研究并不意味著維生素C會導致癌癥。所以選項C不屬于維生素C的效果。根據上一題可知選項A和B均正確;根據第二段最后一句“eatingalotoffruits,vegetablesandgrainscanreducethechanceofdevelopingbothheartdiseaseandcancer.”可知選項D也表述正確。

第3題:判斷推理題。根據關鍵詞“livingcells”定位到第三段最后一句,結合上下文的句意:“但是他們(研究人員)說這項研究并沒有涉及人。維生素A只是在實驗室里進行測試,如果在活細胞中實驗的話結果可能會不同。”由此可推斷,作者是想暗示實驗的結果并不總是可靠的。所以選項B正確。選項A和C均不符合原文;選項D在文中沒有提及。

第4題:細節事實題。根據第一段第三句“ScientistsattheUniversityofPennsylvaniaexperimentedwithvitaminCintesttubes.”可知選項A正確;根據第三段最后兩句“ThevitaminCwastestedinthelaboratoryonly.Theythinktheresultsmightbedifferentinlivingcells.”可知選項B和C均正確;根據第四段第一句“MarkLevineisavitaminCexpertwhoquestionswhetherasimilarstudyinpeoplewouldproducethesameresults.”MarkLevine是質疑在人體上進行類似的研究是否會產生相同的結果,而不是做了涉及人體的實驗,所以只有選項D不正確。

第5題:細節事實題。根據倒數第二段最后一句“researchdoesnotsupporttakingalotofvitaminC.”研究不支持人們服用大量維生素C。選項中“support,encourage,agree”都表示肯定,同意的意思,只有選項D中的“disapprove”屬于不贊成,不同意,所以選項D為正確答案。

16.單選題

Imustgonow.(),ifyouwantthatbookI’llbringitnexttime.

問題1選項

A.Incidentally

B.Accidentally

C.Occasionally

D.Subsequently

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項incidentally“順便說一句;偶然地;附帶地”;B選項accidentally“意外地;偶然地”;C選項occasionally“偶爾;間或”;D選項subsequently“隨后,其后;后來”。句意:我現在必須離開了。順便說一句,如果你想要那本書,那么我下次將把它帶來。根據句中“Imustgonow我現在必須離開了”可知“順便說一句”符合語境,因此A選項正確。

17.寫作題

Insomecountriesyoungpeopleareencouragedtoworkortravelforayearbetweenfinishinghighschoolandstartinguniversitystudies.

Discusstheadvantagesanddisadvantagesforyoungpeoplewhodecidetodothis.Givereasonsforyouranswerandincludeanyrelevantexamplesfromyourownknowledgeorexperience.

【答案】略

18.單選題

Fiveyearsago,thatcoupleboughtthehouse()_makingaquickprofitoutofit.

問題1選項

A.witheyesopento

B.ingoodeyesat

C.withaneyeto

D.byaneyeat

【答案】C

【解析】詞組辨析。withaneyeto“著眼于,指望著”為固定搭配。沒有A、B和D項的搭配,可排除。句意:五年前,那對夫婦買下這所房子,希望能很快從中獲利。選項C符合題意。

19.單選題

Puttinginanewwindowwill()cuttingawaypartoftheroof.

問題1選項

A.include

B.involve

C.contain

D.comprise

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項include“包含,包括,指包括屬于整體的部分,可以是具體的或抽象的”;B選項involve“包含;牽涉;使陷于,指必然包括某種結果,所接的事物通常是抽象的”;C選項contain“包含;控制,指容器裝有具體東西,含仍有剩余空間之意;也指包含具體之物或數據、信息等”;D選項comprise“包含;由…組成,既可指整體包含若干部分,也可指若干部分或成員構成整體”。句意:新開一扇窗戶就得拆掉部分屋頂。doingAinvolves(doing)B表示“做A事包含做B這部分工作”,因此B正確。

20.單選題

Sinceprofessorsstandatthecenterofthestudent'sencounterwithcollegelearning,studentsoughttoaskwhatmarksagoodprofessor,whatindicatesabadone.Theonewhosetshighstandardsandpersistsindemandingthatstudentstrytomeetthemprovidestherightexperiences.Theprofessorwhogivespraisecheaplywhopretendstoarelationshipthatdoesnotandcannotexistteachesthewronglessons.True,thedemandingteacherdoesnottradeinthecurrencystudentspossess,whichistheirpowertopraiseorrejectteachers.Thedemandingprofessorknowsthatstudentswillstumble.Buttheoneswhopickthemselvesupandtryagainhavelearnedalessonthatwillsavethemforalifetime.

Idonotmeantosuggestthatforeachoneofusthereisoneperfectteacherwhochangesourlives.Wemustlearnfrommanyteachersaswegrowupandgrowold;andwemustlearntorecognizethegoodones.Thegreatteacheristheonewhowantstobecomeobsoleteinthelifeofthestudent.Thegoodteacheristheonewhoteacheslessonsandmoveson,celebratingthestudent'sgrowth.TheTalmudrelatesthestoryofadiscipleinanacademywhowonanargumentoverthepositionheldbyGodintheacademyonhigh.Thequestionisasked,“Whathappenedinheaven?”Theanswer:“Godclappedhandsinjoy,saying,‘Mychildrenhavevanquishedme,mychildrenhavevanquished.'”Thatisamodelfortheteacher—toenjoylosinganargumenttoastudent,torecognizehisorhercontribution,toletthestudentsurpasstheteacher.

Intheencounterwiththeteacherwhotakesyouseriously,youlearntotakeyourselfseriously.Intheeyesoftheonewhoseeswhatyoucanaccomplish,yougainavisionofyourselfasmorethanyouthoughtyouwere.Theidealprofessoristheonewhoinspirestodreamofwhatyoucanbe.Everyonewhosucceedsinlifecanpointtosuchateacher,whetherintheclassroomoronthesportsfield.Itisalwaystheonewhocaredenoughtocriticize,andstayedaroundtopraise.

Todefineanidealfortheirwork,letmeofferguidelinesonhowtotreatprofessorsthewaywetreatstudents.Theconscientiousprofessorsspendtimereadingandthinkingaboutstudents'papers,inscribingtheircommentsandevendiscussingwithstudentsthestrengthsandweaknessesoftheirwork.Sinceeffectiveteachingrequirescapturingthestudents'imagination,theprofessorwhoisa“character”isapt,whetherlikedordisliked,tomakeaprofoundimpressionandperhapsalsotoleaveamarkonthestudents'minds.Thedrabprofessors,notgossipedaboutandnotrememberedexceptforwhattheytaught,mayfindthatevenwhattheytaughtisforgotten.

Studentshavetheirowndefinitionsofgoodandbad.Letusconsiderhowstudentsevaluatetheirteachers,examininginturntheA,B,andCprofessors.Wewillbeginatthebottomofonescaleandworkourwayup.Letusatthesametimeconsiderwhatkindofstudentseekswhichgrade.

1.Fromthispassageweknowthattheauthorthinksalotofprofessorswho().

2.Itcanbeinferredfromparagraph2thatagoodteacher().

3.Thesentence“…theoneswhopickthemselvesupandtryagainhavelearnedalessonwillsavethemforalifetime”inparagraph1meansthat().

4.Theword“drab”inparagraph4isclosestinmeaningto“()”.

問題1選項

A.offerstudentspleasantexperiencesintheirstudies

B.oftenmeetstudentsandexchangeideaswiththem

C.enjoythegrowthofstudents

D.encouragestudentstoachievetheirgoals

問題2選項

A.trieseverymeanstoshapethecharactersofstudents

B.keepspacewithtimes

C.feelshappytoseestudentsoutdohim

D.helpsstudentsaimhigh

問題3選項

A.Thestudentswhohavegotcontinuoushelpfromprofessorswillmovealongasmoothwayintheirlife

B.Thestudentswhoareabletogetupafterafallcanbesuccessfulintheirlife

C.Thestudentswhomtheprofessorshaveprovidedrightguidelinestowillbeunlikelytohavemishapsintheirlife

D.Thestudentswhocandrawonhisexperienceoffailurewillbebenefitedforalltheirlife

問題4選項

A.dull

B.critical

C.effective

D.impressive

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

【解析】第1題:1.【選項釋義】

1.Fromthispassageweknowthattheauthorthinksalotofprofessorswho______.1.從這篇文章中我們知道作者認為很多教授______。

A.offerstudentspleasantexperiencesintheirstudiesA.在他們的研究中提供給學生愉快的經歷

B.oftenmeetstudentsandexchangeideaswiththemB.經常與學生見面并與他們交流

C.enjoythegrowthofstudentsC.享受學生的成長

D.encouragestudentstoachievetheirgoalsD.鼓勵學生實現他們的目標

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】第二段第二句指出“在我們長大,變老的過程中,要向很多老師學習,同時,我們要學會辨別出好老師”,這里所指的好老師即是第一段所指的demandingprofessor(要求嚴格的教授)。因此可推斷,非常多的老師不是嚴格的教授,而是第一段第二句所講的“輕易給予學生評價,假裝和同學關系很好的教授,他們假裝出來的好關系其實并不存在,也不可能存在,他們并沒有給學生好的教育”,所以A項“在他們的研究中提供給學生愉快的經歷”符合這一分析。故該題選擇A項正確。

【干擾項排除】

B項“經常與學生見面并與他們交流”沒有提及,無中生有;

C項“享受學生的成長”和D項“鼓勵學生實現他們的目標”是demandingprofessor(要求嚴格的教授)做到的,屬于反向干擾。

第2題:2.【選項釋義】

2.Itcanbeinferredfromparagraph2thatagoodteacher______.2.從第二段可以推斷出一個好的老師______。

A.trieseverymeanstoshapethecharactersofstudentsA.努力塑造學生的性格

B.keepspacewithtimesB.與時俱進

C.feelshappytoseestudentsoutdohimC.很高興看到同學們超過他

D.helpsstudentsaimhighD.幫助學生志存高遠

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據第二段的第三句“好老師教課教得好,并且繼續努力,祝賀學生能進步”和最后一句“這是老師的榜樣:樂于在學生面前輸掉爭論,認可他或她的貢獻,讓學生超越老師”,綜合理解可知,好的老師樂于看到學生超過自己。所以C選項“很高興看到同學們超過他”符合原文。

【干擾項排除】

A項“努力塑造學生的性格”、B項“與時俱進”該段沒有提到,無中生有;

D項“幫助學生志存高遠”是一個理想的教授會幫助學生做的事情,與題干無關,張冠李戴。

第3題:3.【選項釋義】

3.Thesentence“…theoneswhopickthemselvesupandtryagainhavelearnedalessonwillsavethemforalifetime”inparagraph1meansthat______.3.第1段中的句子“…theoneswhopickthemselvesupandtryagainhavelearnedalessonwillsavethemforalifetime”的意思是______。

A.thestudentswhohavegotcontinuoushelpfromprofessorswillmovealongasmoothwayintheirlifeA.得到教授不斷幫助的學生在他們的生活中將會一帆風順

B.thestudentswhoareabletogetupafterafallcanbesuccessfulintheirlifeB.跌倒后能夠爬起來的學生在他們的生活中是成功的

C.thestudentswhomtheprofessorshaveprovidedrightguidelinestowillbeunlikelytohavemishapsintheirlifeC.那些被教授正確指導的學生在他們的生活中不太可能有不幸

D.thestudentswhocandrawonhisexperienceoffailurewillbebenefitedforalltheirlifeD.能借鑒失敗經驗的學生將終生受益

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】首先,根據題干定位至第一段最后一句“那些從失敗的經驗中振作起來的人,他們會汲取教訓從而終身受益”,倒數第二句就提到“要求高的老師知道學生會跌倒”,綜合理解可知,D項“能借鑒失敗經驗的學生將終生受益”符合題干這句話的意思。故該題選擇D項正確。

【干擾項排除】

A項“得到教授不斷幫助的學生在他們的生活中將會一帆風順”、C項“那些被教授正確指導的學生在他們的生活中不太可能有不幸”根據解題思路可知,表述與原文不符,曲解原文;

B項“跌倒后能夠爬起來的學生在他們的生活中是成功的”中的successful(成功)與原文不符,曲解原文。

第4題:4.【選項釋義】

4.Theword“drab”inparagraph4isclosestinmeaningto“______”.4.第4段中的“drab”一詞的意思最接近“______”。

A.dullA.遲鈍的

B.criticalB.批判的

C.effectiveC.有效的

D.impressiveD.印象深刻的

【考查點】詞義推測題。

【解題思路】由drab定位至倒數第二段最后一句“那些drab的教授,除了他們教過的東西外,不會被人八卦,也不會被人記住,他們可能會發現,甚至他們教過的東西也被人遺忘了”,結合上一句“一個‘有個性’的教授,無論學生喜歡還是不喜歡,都容易給學生留下深刻的印象,也許也會在學生的頭腦中留下印記”,從中可知,上下兩句形成了對比,推測drab的意思和上一句中“有個性的”相反,所以drab應與dull意思相近。故該題選擇A項正確。

【干擾項排除】

B項“批判的”根據解題思路可

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