書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-華僑大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.寫作題

Therearealotofchoicesyouhavetomakeinyourlifeandsomeeventsorchangesthathaveoccurredbecauseofthem.Inthefollowingyouarerequestedtowriteacompositionaboutoneofthechoicesyouhavemade.Describehowyourlifechangedbecauseofthechoiceandthendescribehowitmighthavebeenormightbeifyouhavedonethingsdifferently.Youressayshouldbeabout400words.ThesuggestedtitleisATurningPointinMyLife.

Inthefirstpartofyourwritingyoushouldstateclearlyyourmainidea,andinthesecondpartyoushouldsupportthemainideawithappropriatedetails.Inthelastpartyoushouldbringwhatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconclusionorasummary.

Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,grammarandappropriateness.Failuretofollowtheaboveinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarks.

【答案】【略】

2.單選題

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Managementofcancerpatients.

B.Reliefoftheworriesofcaregivers.

C.Emotionalstrugglewhilecaregiving.

D.Emotionalsupportforcancerpatients.

【答案】C

【解析】15.M:DoctorWhite.I’vebeenacancerpatientandacaregiver,toa,cancerpatient.Iknowkayakingwashard.Whatwasgoingonemotionally?Thatseemedsohard.

W:Whenyou’recaregiving,you’reundergoingchronicstress.You’reworryingaboutyourlovedone.

Q:Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干為：這兩個(gè)人在討論什么？由文中“Whenyou’recaregiving,you’reundergoingchronicstress.You’reworryingaboutyourlovedone.（當(dāng)你做護(hù)理時(shí)，你承受著長(zhǎng)期的壓力。你在為你在乎的人擔(dān)心）”，可知C選項(xiàng)“Emotionalstrugglewhilecaregiving（護(hù)理過(guò)程中的情感斗爭(zhēng)）”符合原文。A選項(xiàng)“癌癥患者的管理”；B選項(xiàng)“減輕照顧者的憂慮”；D選項(xiàng)“對(duì)患者的情感支持”不符合原文。

3.單選題

[A]Atitsmostbasic,corporatecultureisdescribedasthepersonalityofanorganization,orsimplyas“howthingsaredonearoundhere”.Itguides[B]whatemployeesthink,act,andfeel.Itisawideterm[C]usedtodefinetheuniquepersonalityorcharacterofaparticularcompanyororganization,[D]andincludessuchelementsascorevaluesandbeliefs,corporateethics,andrulesofbehavior.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Atitsmostbasic

B.what

C.usedtodefine

D.andincludes

【答案】B

【解析】考查關(guān)系詞。B選項(xiàng)后面的句子主語(yǔ)是employees，謂語(yǔ)think，act，feel都是不及物動(dòng)詞，不能接賓語(yǔ)，因此應(yīng)將what改為how。

4.翻譯題

不要拋棄學(xué)問(wèn)

有人說(shuō)：“出去做事之后，生活問(wèn)題急需解決，哪有工夫去讀書(shū)？即使要做學(xué)問(wèn)，既沒(méi)有圖書(shū)館，又沒(méi)有實(shí)驗(yàn)室，哪能做學(xué)問(wèn)？”我要對(duì)你們說(shuō)：凡是要等到有圖書(shū)館才能讀書(shū)，有了圖書(shū)館也不肯讀書(shū)；凡是等到有了實(shí)驗(yàn)室方才做研究，有了實(shí)驗(yàn)室也不肯做研究。你有了決心就研究一個(gè)問(wèn)題，自然會(huì)節(jié)衣縮食去買書(shū)，自然會(huì)想出法子來(lái)設(shè)置儀器。至于時(shí)間，更不成問(wèn)題。達(dá)爾文一生多病，不能多做工，每天只能做一點(diǎn)鐘的工作。你們看他的成績(jī)！每天花一點(diǎn)鐘看10頁(yè)有用的書(shū)，每年可看3600多頁(yè)，30年可讀11萬(wàn)頁(yè)書(shū)，11萬(wàn)頁(yè)書(shū)可以使你成為一個(gè)學(xué)者了。

【答案】NeverGiveupthePursuitofLearning

Somepeoplesay,“Onceyouhaveajob,you’llcomeupagainsttheurgentproblemofmakingaliving.Howcanyoumanagetofindtimetostudy?Evenifyouwantto,willitbepossiblewithnolibraryornolaboratoryavailable?”Nowletmetellyouthis.Thosewhorefusetostudyforlackofalibrarywillmostprobablycontinuetodosoeventhoughthereisalibrary.Andthosewhorefusetodoresearchforlackofalaboratorywillmostprobablycontinuetodosoeventhoughalaboratoryisavailable.Aslongasyousetyourmindonstudies,youwillnaturallycutdownonfoodandclothingtobuybooksordoeverythingpossibletoacquirenecessaryinstruments.Timeisnoobject.CharlesDarwincouldonlyworkonehouradayduetoillhealth.Yetwhataremarkablemanhewas!Ifyouspendonehouradayreading10pagesofabook,youcanfinishmorethan3600pagesayear,and110000pagesin30years.110000pageswillbequiteenoughtomakealearnedmanofman.

5.翻譯題

Directions:TranslatethefollowingpartintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.

Fortoolong,asmallgroupinourCapitalhasreapedtherewardsofgovernmentwhilethepeoplehavebornethecost.Washingtonflourished,butthepeopledidnotshareinitswealth.Politiciansprospered,butthejobsleft,andthefactoriesclosed.Theirvictorieshavenotbeenyourvictories;theirtriumphshavenotbeenyourtriumphs;andwhiletheycelebratedinourCapital,therewaslittletocelebrateforstrugglingfamiliesallacrossourland.

【答案】長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，我們首都的一小部分人攫取了政府的利益，而代價(jià)卻由人民來(lái)承擔(dān)。華盛頓欣欣向榮，人民卻沒(méi)有分享到財(cái)富。政客們興旺發(fā)達(dá)，工作機(jī)會(huì)卻越來(lái)越少，工廠紛紛倒閉。他們的勝利不是你們的勝利；他們的成功不是你們的成功；當(dāng)他們?cè)谖覀兊氖锥細(xì)g呼慶祝時(shí)，這片土地上無(wú)數(shù)掙扎的家庭卻沒(méi)有什么值得慶祝的。

6.單選題

Theresultmeansthatthe______worldchampionhasextendedhisleadinthisseason’schampionship.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tramping

B.loitering

C.reigning

D.strolling

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)tramping為動(dòng)詞tramp的現(xiàn)在分詞，表示“踩，步行”，B項(xiàng)loitering為動(dòng)詞loiter的現(xiàn)在分詞，表示“閑蕩，虛度，盤旋”，C項(xiàng)reigning為形容詞，表示“統(tǒng)治的，在位的，本屆的”，D項(xiàng)strolling為形容詞，表示“巡回演出的，消閑散步的”。空格處缺少一個(gè)定語(yǔ)修飾worldchampion“世界冠軍”，由此可知，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有C項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。句意：這一結(jié)果意味著這位衛(wèi)冕世界冠軍在本賽季的錦標(biāo)賽中擴(kuò)大了領(lǐng)先優(yōu)勢(shì)。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Agoodwayto（）alanguageistoliveinthenativeculturewiththenativespeakers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.require

B.inquire

C.acquire

D.enquire

【答案】C

【解析】近義詞辨析。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指學(xué)會(huì)一門語(yǔ)言。acquire指獲得某物或習(xí)得某一技能，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

8.單選題

Untilmeninventedwaysofstayingunderwaterformorethanafewminutes,thewondersoftheworldbelowthesurfaceoftheseawerealmostunknown.Themainproblem,ofcourse,liesinair.Howcouldairbesuppliedtoswimmersbelowthesurfaceofthesea?Picturesmadeabout2,900yearsagoinAsiashowmenswimmingunderthesurfacewithairbagstiedtotheirbodies.Apipefromthebagcarriedairintotheswimmer’smouth.Butlittleprogresswasachievedintheinventionofdivingdevicesuntilabout1490,whenthefamousItalianpainter,LeonardodaVinci,designedacompletedivingsuit.

In1680,anItalianprofessorinventedalargeairbagwithaglasswindowtobewornoverthediver’shead.To“clean”theairabreathingpipewentfromtheairbag,throughanotherbagtoremovemoisture,andthenagaintothelargeairbag.Theplandidnotwork,butitgavelaterinventorstheideaofmovingairaroundindivingdevices.

In1819,aGerman,AugustusSiebe,developedawayofforcingairintothehead-coveringbyamachineoperatedabovethewater.Finally,in1837,heinventedthe“hard-hatsuit”thatwastobeusedfornearlyacentury.Ithadametalcoveringfortheheadandanairpipeattachedtoamachineabovethewater.Italsohadsmallopeningstoremoveunwantedair.Butthereweretwodangerstothediverinsidethe“hard-hatsuit”.Onewasthesuddenrisetothesurface,causedbyatoogreatsupplyofair.Theotherwasthecrushingofthebody,causedbyasuddendivingintodeepwater.Thesuddenrisetothesurfacecouldkillthediver;asuddendivecouldforcehisbodyupintothehelmet,whichcouldalsoresultindeath.

Graduallythe“hard-hatsuit”wasimprovedsothatthedivercouldbegivenaconstantsupplyofair.Thedivercouldthenmovearoundundertheoceanwithoutworryingabouttheairsupply.

Duringthe1940sdivingunderwaterwithoutaspecialsuitbecamepopular.Instead,diversusedabreathingdeviceandasmallcoveringmadeofrubberandglassoverpartsoftheface.Toimprovetheswimmer’sspeedanothernewinventionwasused：apieceofrubbershapedlikeagiantfoot,whichwasattachedtoeachofthediver’sownfeet.Themanufactureofrubberbreathingpipesmadeitpossiblefordiverstofloatonthesurfaceofthewater,observingthemarinelifeunderneaththem.Aspecialrubbersuitenabledthemtostayincoldwaterforlongperiods,collectingspecimensofanimalandvegetablelifethathadneverbeenobtainedinthepast.

Themostimportantadvance,however,wastheinventionofaself-containedunderwaterbreathingapparatus,whichiscalleda“scuba”.

InventedbytwoFrenchmen,JacquesCousteauandEmileGagnan,thescubaconsistsofamouth-piecejoinedtooneortwotanksofcompressedairwhichareattachedtothediver’sback.

Thescubamakesitpossibleforadiver-scientisttowork200feetunderwaterorevendeeperforseveralhours.Asaresult,scientistscannowmovearoundfreelyatgreatdepths,learningaboutthewondersofthesea.

1.Themainprogressmentionedinthispassagewas（

）.

2.AninventionofanItalianprofessor（

）.

3.Siebes’inventionwasnotaperfectone,because（

）.

4.Theword“scuba”is（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.anItalianprofessorinventedalargeairbag

B.meninventedthebestdivingdevices

C.anItalianpainterdesignedacompletedivingsuit

D.anairbag

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.workedoutverywell

B.can“clean”theair

C.inspiredlaterinventions

D.wasusedtoremovemoisture

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.toosmallasupplyofaircouldresultinasuddenrisetothesurface

B.asuddendiveintodeepwatercouldcausethecrushingofthebody

C.theairpipeattachedtoamachinecouldbeabovethesurface

D.bothAandB

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.acertaindiver’sname

B.anoriginalEnglishword

C.namedbytheinventor

D.anacronym

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】1.信息推斷題。根據(jù)文中的單詞“invented,developed,improved”以及“themostimportantadvance”可以知道，文章一直在闡述潛水裝備的發(fā)展進(jìn)程。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“itgavelaterinventorstheidea”這一句得知選項(xiàng)C最符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段的第三句，“Butthereweretwodangers…Onewas…Theotherwas…,”選項(xiàng)B最符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“self-containedunderwaterbreathingapparatus”，可知scuda是首字母縮略詞，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

9.單選題

Wewerefourscoresleftbehindwithfiveminutestogo,sothegamelookedcompletely（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.irresistible

B.irretrievable

C.irremissible

D.irreplaceable

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)句意‘比賽只剩下五分鐘了但我們落后四分，所以這場(chǎng)比賽看上去已完全無(wú)法挽救了。’可知因?yàn)楸确謶沂猓赃@場(chǎng)比賽的勝利己經(jīng)無(wú)法改變了。A選項(xiàng)irresistible“不可抵抗的”;irretrievable“不能彌補(bǔ)的”；C選項(xiàng)irremissible“無(wú)法逃避的”；D選項(xiàng)irreplaceable“不可替代的”。B選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Theteam’seffortstoscorewere（

）bytheopposinggoalkeeper.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.surpassed

B.doubled

C.frustrated

D.furthered

【答案】C

【解析】句意:球隊(duì)努力得分,但由于對(duì)方的守門員而慘遭失敗。只有選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

11.單選題

MostpeoplewouldbeimpressedbythehighqualityofmedicineavailabletomostAmericans.Thereisalotofspecialization,agreatdealofattentiontotheindividual,avastamountofadvancedtechnicalequipment,andintenseeffortnottomakemistakesbecauseofthefinancialriskwhichdoctorsandhospitalsmustfaceinthecourtsiftheyhandlethingsbadly.

ButtheAmericansareinamess.Theproblemisthewayinwhichhealthcareisorganizedandfinanced.Contrarytopublicbelief,itisnotjustafreecompetitionsystem.Totheprivatesystemhasbeenjoinedalargepublicsystem,becauseprivatecarewassimplynotlookingafterthelessfortunateandtheelderly.

Butevenwiththishugepublicpartofthesystem,whichthisyearwilleatup84.5billiondollars—morethan10percentoftheU.S.budget—largenumbersofAmericansareleftout.Theseincludeabouthalfthe11millionunemployedandthosewhofailtomeetthestrictlimitsonincomefixedbyagovernmenttryingtomakesavingswhereitcan.

Thebasicproblem,however,isthatthereisnocentralcontroloverthehealthsystem.Thereisnolimittowhatdoctorsandhospitalschargefortheirservices,otherthanwhatthepublicisabletopay.Thenumberofdoctorshasshotupandpriceshaveclimbed.Whenfacedwithtoothache,asickchild,oraheartattack,alltheunfortunatepersonconcernedcandoispayup.

Two-thirdsofthepopulationarecoveredbymedicalinsurance.Doctorschargeasmuchastheywantknowingthattheinsurancecompanywillpaythebill.

ThemedicalprofessionhasasaresultbecomeAmerica’snewbigbusinessmen.Theaverageincomeofdoctorshasnowreached$100,000ayear.Withsuchvastincomesthetalkinthedoctor’ssurgeryisaslikelytobeaboutthedoctor’slatestfinancialdeal,asaboutwhethertheminoroperationheisrecommendingat,severalthousanddollarsisentirelynecessary.

TherisingcostofmedicineintheU.S.A.isamongthemostworryingproblemfacingthecountry.In1981thecountry’shealthcostclimbed15.9percent—abouttwiceasfastaspricesingeneral.

11.IntheU.S.patientscanexpect,inmedicaltreatment____.

12.Doctorsandhospitalstryhardtoavoidmakingmistakesbecause____.

13.WhatdomostAmericansthinkabouthealthintheU.S.?

14.FromParagraph3weknowthat____fromthepublichealthsystem.

15.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisthekeyfactorintheriseofhealthcostintheUS?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.occasionalmistakesbycarelessdoctors

B.agreatdealofpersonalattention

C.lowchargebydoctorsandhospitals

D.stackingnursesandbadservices

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.theyfeartobesuedbythepatients

B.theycaremuchabouttheirreputation

C.theycompeteforgettingmorepatients

D.theywishtojointheprivatemedicalsystem

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itmustbeintotalchaos.

B.Itmustbeafreecompetitionsystem.

C.Itshouldcovertheunemployed.

D.Itshouldinvolveprivatecare.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.millionsofjoblesspeoplegetsupport

B.thosewithsteadyincomedonotseekhelp

C.somepeoplearemadeineligibletobenefit

D.thosewithprivatehealthcareareexcluded

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Therefusalofinsurancecompaniestopaythebills.

B.Theincreaseofthenumberofdoctorsandhospitals.

C.Thelackofgovernmentcontroloverthemedicalprices.

D.Themergerofprivatehealthcarewiththepublicsystem.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】11.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

IntheU.S.patientscanexpect,inmedicaltreatment____.在美國(guó)，患者可以期待，在醫(yī)療中____。

A.occasionalmistakesbycarelessdoctorsA.粗心的醫(yī)生偶爾會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤

B.agreatdealofpersonalattentionB.大量的個(gè)人關(guān)注

C.lowchargebydoctorsandhospitalsC.醫(yī)生和醫(yī)院收費(fèi)低

D.stackingnursesandbadservicesD.護(hù)士成堆，服務(wù)差

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干可知，該題應(yīng)該選擇的是在美國(guó)醫(yī)療中可能出現(xiàn)的情況。原文第1段第2句提到公眾對(duì)美國(guó)醫(yī)療的印象有“對(duì)個(gè)人的高度關(guān)注（agreatdealofattentiontotheindividual）”，因此，B選項(xiàng)“大量的個(gè)人關(guān)注”符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“粗心的醫(yī)生偶爾會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤”，可定位到原文第1段第2句提到“醫(yī)生和醫(yī)院不犯錯(cuò)誤的強(qiáng)烈努力（intenseeffortnottomakemistakes），否則如果處理不當(dāng)，他們必須在法庭上面對(duì)財(cái)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”，由此可知，該選項(xiàng)在原文沒(méi)有依據(jù)，反而醫(yī)生會(huì)努力不犯錯(cuò)誤，屬于反向干擾；

C選項(xiàng)“醫(yī)生和醫(yī)院收費(fèi)低”，原文第4段第1句提到“醫(yī)生和醫(yī)院的收費(fèi)是沒(méi)有限制的（nolimit）”，以及“醫(yī)生的數(shù)量激增，價(jià)格也在攀升（priceshaveclimbed）”，由此可知，醫(yī)生和醫(yī)院的收費(fèi)很高，該選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤，屬于反向干擾；

D選項(xiàng)“護(hù)士成堆，服務(wù)差”，原文并未提及“護(hù)士”和“服務(wù)差”，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

12.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Doctorsandhospitalstryhardtoavoidmakingmistakesbecause____.醫(yī)生和醫(yī)院努力避免犯錯(cuò)，因?yàn)開(kāi)___。

A.theyfeartobesuedbythepatientsA.他們害怕被病人起訴

B.theycaremuchabouttheirreputationB.他們很在意自己的聲譽(yù)

C.theycompeteforgettingmorepatientsC.他們?yōu)榱说玫礁嗟牟∪硕?jìng)爭(zhēng)

D.theywishtojointheprivatemedicalsystemD.他們希望加入私人醫(yī)療體系

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞avoidmakingmistakes定位到原文第1段最后一句，該句提到“醫(yī)生和醫(yī)院有強(qiáng)烈努力不犯錯(cuò)誤（intenseeffortnottomakemistakes），否則如果處理不當(dāng)，他們必須在法庭上（inthecourts）面對(duì)財(cái)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)（financialrisk）”，由此可知，醫(yī)生和醫(yī)院努力不犯錯(cuò)，是為了避免在法庭上面對(duì)財(cái)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，A選項(xiàng)“他們害怕被病人起訴”表述正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“他們很在意自己的聲譽(yù)”，原文并未提及，屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“他們?yōu)榱说玫礁嗟牟∪硕?jìng)爭(zhēng)”，原文并未提及，屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“他們希望加入私人醫(yī)療體系”，原文雖然在第2段提到了“私人醫(yī)療體系（theprivatesystem）”，但這與本題無(wú)關(guān)，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

13.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

WhatdomostAmericansthinkabouthealthintheU.S.?多數(shù)美國(guó)人是怎么看待美國(guó)的醫(yī)療的？

A.Itmustbeintotalchaos.A.必須是一片混亂。

B.Itmustbeafreecompetitionsystem.B.必須是一個(gè)自由競(jìng)爭(zhēng)體系。

C.Itshouldcovertheunemployed.C.應(yīng)該覆蓋失業(yè)人群。

D.Itshouldinvolveprivatecare.D.應(yīng)該包括私人醫(yī)療。

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題

【解題思路】題干詢問(wèn)的是“公眾的看法”，原文第2段第2句提到“與公眾的看法相反（Contrarytopublicbelief），這不僅僅是一個(gè)自由競(jìng)爭(zhēng)體系（afreecompetitionsystem）”，由此可知，這應(yīng)該是一個(gè)自由競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的體系，是公眾的看法，B選項(xiàng)“必須是一個(gè)自由競(jìng)爭(zhēng)體系”，表述正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“必須是一片混亂”，原文第2段提到“美國(guó)人現(xiàn)在一團(tuán)糟（inamess）”是說(shuō)美國(guó)的醫(yī)療體系出現(xiàn)了問(wèn)題，導(dǎo)致美國(guó)人一團(tuán)糟，而不是指美國(guó)人希望這個(gè)體系一團(tuán)糟，該選項(xiàng)屬于偷換概念；

C選項(xiàng)“應(yīng)該覆蓋失業(yè)人群”，雖然原文第3段提到“即使有這個(gè)龐大的公共系統(tǒng)，今年將消耗845億美元——超過(guò)美國(guó)預(yù)算的10%——大量美國(guó)人被遺忘（largenumbersofAmericansareleftout）”，“其中包括1100萬(wàn)失業(yè)者（unemployed）中的一半”，由此可知，一半的美國(guó)失業(yè)者沒(méi)有包括在現(xiàn)有的體系內(nèi)，即醫(yī)療體系應(yīng)該包括失業(yè)者，但是這是本文作者的觀點(diǎn)，原文并沒(méi)有說(shuō)公眾對(duì)此的看法，該選項(xiàng)屬于張冠李戴；

D選項(xiàng)“應(yīng)該包括私人醫(yī)療”，第2段倒數(shù)第2句提到“私人醫(yī)療體系已經(jīng)加入了一個(gè)龐大的公共醫(yī)療體系（hasbeenjoined）”，第2段第3句提到“這是與公眾看法相反的”，第2段最后一句提到“因?yàn)樗饺酸t(yī)療體系（privatecare）根本就不照顧（simplynotlookingafter）那些不幸的人和老人”，因此該選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤，屬于曲解原文。

14.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

FromParagraph3weknowthat____fromthepublichealthsystem.從第3段我們知道____。

A.millionsofjoblesspeoplegetsupportA.數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)的失業(yè)者得到了公共衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)的支持

B.thosewithsteadyincomedonotseekhelpB.那些有穩(wěn)定收入的人不會(huì)向公共衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)尋求幫助

C.somepeoplearemadeineligibletobenefitC.一些人沒(méi)有從公共衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)受益的資格

D.thosewithprivatehealthcareareexcludedD.有私人醫(yī)療服務(wù)的人被排除在公共衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)之外

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Paragraph3定位到原文第3段。本段第1句提到“美國(guó)龐大的公共衛(wèi)生體系消耗了巨額資金——超過(guò)美國(guó)預(yù)算的10%，但是大量美國(guó)人被排除在外（largenumbersofAmericansareleftout）”，由此可知，C選項(xiàng)“一些人沒(méi)有從公共衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)受益的資格”表述正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)的失業(yè)者得到了公共衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)的支持”，可定位第3段最后一句，該句提到“這其中包括1100萬(wàn)失業(yè)者中的一半以及……。”由此可知，原文想表達(dá)的是數(shù)百萬(wàn)的失業(yè)者無(wú)法從公共衛(wèi)生體系受益。雖然換句話說(shuō)也有一半的失業(yè)者受益了，但這并不是作者在本段想表達(dá)的內(nèi)容，即不符合本段主旨，該選項(xiàng)屬于本末倒置；

B選項(xiàng)“那些有穩(wěn)定收入的人不會(huì)向公共衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)尋求幫助”，可定位到第3段最后一句，該句提到“這其中包括……以及那些沒(méi)有達(dá)到政府設(shè)定的嚴(yán)格收入限制的人。”由此可知，原文表達(dá)的是沒(méi)有滿足收入要求的人無(wú)法獲益（沒(méi)有資格），而不是說(shuō)他們自己不向公共衛(wèi)生體系尋求幫助，該選項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文；

D選項(xiàng)“有私人醫(yī)療服務(wù)的人被排除在公共衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)之外”，原文并未提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

15.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Accordingtotheauthor,whatisthekeyfactorintheriseofhealthcostintheUS?作者認(rèn)為，美國(guó)醫(yī)療成本上升的關(guān)鍵因素是什么？

A.Therefusalofinsurancecompaniestopaythebills.A.保險(xiǎn)公司拒絕支付賬單。

B.Theincreaseofthenumberofdoctorsandhospitals.B.醫(yī)生和醫(yī)院數(shù)量的增加。

C.Thelackofgovernmentcontroloverthemedicalprices.C.政府對(duì)醫(yī)療價(jià)格缺乏控制。

D.Themergerofprivatehealthcarewiththepublicsystem.D.私人醫(yī)療和公共醫(yī)療系統(tǒng)的合并。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞thekeyfactor可知本題詢問(wèn)的是“關(guān)鍵因素”，根據(jù)另一個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞theriseofhealthcost可定位到原文第4段。本段第1句提到“然而，基本問(wèn)題（basicproblem）是衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)沒(méi)有中央控制（nocentralcontrol）。”本段中，首句是核心句，由此可知，C選項(xiàng)“政府對(duì)醫(yī)療價(jià)格缺乏控制”符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“保險(xiǎn)公司拒絕支付賬單”，可定位到原文第5段最后一句，該句提到“醫(yī)生想收多少就收多少，因?yàn)樗麄冎辣ｋU(xiǎn)公司會(huì)付賬（theinsurancecompanywillpaythebill）。”由此可知，該選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤，首先，保險(xiǎn)公司會(huì)支付賬單，另外，正是因?yàn)樗麄儠?huì)支付賬單，醫(yī)療成本才增加的，該選項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文；

B選項(xiàng)“醫(yī)生和醫(yī)院數(shù)量的增加”，可定位到第4段倒數(shù)第2句，該句提到“醫(yī)生的數(shù)量激增，價(jià)格也在攀升”，首先，原文并未提到醫(yī)院數(shù)量的增加，另外，原文也沒(méi)有說(shuō)價(jià)格攀升是醫(yī)生數(shù)量增加帶來(lái)的；

D選項(xiàng)“私人醫(yī)療和公共醫(yī)療系統(tǒng)的合并”，可定位到原文第2段最后一句，雖然原文提到了“私人醫(yī)療體系已經(jīng)加入了一個(gè)龐大的公共醫(yī)療體系”這個(gè)因素，但并不能體現(xiàn)這是醫(yī)療成本上升的關(guān)鍵，該選項(xiàng)屬于本末倒置。

12.單選題

Completesilenceisfoundonlyinlaboratoriescalledanechoicrooms.Thewallsandceilings,madeofblocksofspecialsound-suckingmaterials,aremorethanthreefeetthick,whilefloorcoveringsaresix-footlayersoffeathersorcottonwool.Silenceherecanbeaspainfultotheearsasthedin(continuousloudnoise)ofasteelworksorarocketblast-off,yetscientistsgetusedtothisandstayinthesesilentroomsforhoursatatime,usingmicrophonesandelectronicequipmenttotestthevariousmaterialsbeingdevelopedtomaketheworldalessnoisyplace.

Architectshaveusedscientificdiscoveriestosolvenoiseprobleminanumberofways.Wallsarehollowed(havingemptyspaceinside)andthenfilledwithsound-suckingmaterialssimilartocottonwool.Extra-thickcarpetscoverthefloors,andthickwoolencurtainscoverthewindows.Airconditioningandheatingchannelsaremadelessnoisybysound-suckingmaterials．

Unfortunately,thesetechniquesandothersoftenworktoowellinsomebuildings.Noise-proofroomsbecomealmostanechoicandpeoplelivinginthemaredisturbedbythelackofsound．Onewayofhandlingthisproblemistousewhattheycall“soundperfume”—artificial(similarlyproduced,madebyman)noiseispipedtoroomsthroughsmallloudspeakers.

1.Scientistsuseanechoicroomfor（）.

2.Thewriterimpliesthat（）.

3.Peoplesufferinanechoicroomsprobablybecause（）.

4.Thearticlesuggeststhat（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.measuringnoiselevelsofsteelworks

B.measuringblocksoffeathers

C.testingsound-absorbingmaterials

D.testingelectronicequipment

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.untrainedpeoplecannotstaylonginanechoicrooms

B.performingexperimentsinanechoicroomscanbeafrighteningexperience

C.architectsmakepracticaluseoftheinformationgatheredbyscientists

D.scientistsdonotcarefornoiseproblem

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theyareallowedtomoveandspeak

B.theyareusedlohearingnoisearoundthem

C.thegreaterairpressurehurtstheirears

D.alloftheabove

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.loudspeakersareasimportantassound-proofingmaterials

B.anechoicroomswillbeincludedinallnewbuildings

C.scientificdevicesaresometimestoosuccessful

D.alloftheabove

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:A

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“...scientistsgetusedto...testthevariousmaterialsbeingdevelopedtomaketheworldalessnoisyplace.”科學(xué)家習(xí)慣待在這些安靜的房間里數(shù)小時(shí)，使用麥克風(fēng)和電子設(shè)備來(lái)測(cè)試各種減少噪音的材料。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Silenceherecanbeaspainfultotheearsasthedin(continuousloudnoise)ofasteelworksorarocketblast-off...”這里的安靜對(duì)于耳朵來(lái)說(shuō)是痛苦的，就好像鋼鐵廠里或者火箭發(fā)射時(shí)所產(chǎn)生的連續(xù)不斷的噪音。由此可推斷，在這種環(huán)境下做實(shí)驗(yàn)是非常可怕的經(jīng)歷。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)最后一段第二一句“peoplelivinginthemaredisturbedbythelackofsound.”住在里面的人因?yàn)闆](méi)有聲音而感到不安。人們?cè)谙羰依镉X(jué)得很痛苦是因?yàn)槿藗儾涣?xí)慣周圍一點(diǎn)兒噪音都沒(méi)有，所以選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，住在完全消音的房間里，人們往往會(huì)因?yàn)闆](méi)有聲音而感到不安，這時(shí)候就可以使用人造噪音通過(guò)小喇叭傳到房間里。也就是說(shuō)揚(yáng)聲器和隔音材料同樣重要。選項(xiàng)A正確。選項(xiàng)C是事實(shí)，不是文章給出的建議，所以不選。

13.單選題

Thesurgicalinstrumentshavetobe（

）beforeusetopreventinfection.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.heated

B.scalded

C.sterilized

D.burned

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。heat意為“加熱，變熱”；scald意為“燙傷”；sterilize意為“消毒，滅菌”；burn意為“燃燒”。由句中后面的目的狀語(yǔ)topreventinfection（為了預(yù)防感染）可知Thesurgicalinstruments（手術(shù)器械）應(yīng)該消毒，因此選C。

句意：手術(shù)器械使用前必須消毒，以防感染。

14.單選題

Eatingtoomuchfatcan______heartdiseaseandcausehighbloodpressure.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.contributeto

B.attributeto

C.attendto

D.devoteto

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)contributeto“（造成某情況）的一個(gè)原因”；B選項(xiàng)attributeto“把……歸因于”；C選項(xiàng)attendto“處理；照料”；D選項(xiàng)devoteto“獻(xiàn)身于；作……專用”。句意：攝入太多脂肪會(huì)______心臟病和引起高血壓。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，攝入太多脂肪是造成心臟病的原因之一，所以contributeto“（造成某情況）的一個(gè)原因”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Peoplemaygetverseswrong,buttheyalsomangleplentyofwell-knownbiblicalstoriesaswell.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.spoil

B.imitate

C.formulate

D.violate

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)spoil“溺愛(ài)；糟蹋；破壞”；B選項(xiàng)imitate“模仿；仿造”；C選項(xiàng)formulate“規(guī)劃；用公式表示；明確地表達(dá)”；D選項(xiàng)violate“違反；侵犯”。句意：人們可能會(huì)讀錯(cuò)經(jīng)文，但他們也會(huì)……許多著名的圣經(jīng)故事。由關(guān)鍵信息getverseswrong“讀錯(cuò)經(jīng)文”只是常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題，后一句會(huì)加深問(wèn)題的嚴(yán)重性。因此可以排除B，C選項(xiàng)。D選項(xiàng)一般是指違反規(guī)則，這里的承受對(duì)象是biblicalstories“圣經(jīng)故事”，不能適用。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

16.單選題

ThestudentscanhardlyspeaksimpleEnglish，（）writearticlesinthatlanguage.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.muchlesstheycan

B.muchlesstheydo

C.muchlesscanthey

D.muchlessdothey

【答案】C

【解析】考查部分倒裝。當(dāng)notonly,nosooner,notonly...（butalso）,hardly，innoway，little,less,scarcely,seldom,never等具有否定意義的詞或詞組位于句首吋，句子用部分倒裝。故先排除AB兩項(xiàng)；再由前句說(shuō)到“學(xué)生沒(méi)有說(shuō)簡(jiǎn)單英語(yǔ)的能力”，可知后半句也要用can。故C項(xiàng)正確。句意：這些學(xué)生幾乎不會(huì)說(shuō)簡(jiǎn)單英語(yǔ)，更不用說(shuō)用這種語(yǔ)言寫文章了。

17.單選題

Thebookisavainattemptto（

）thenameofoneoftheworstdictatorsinmodernhistory.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.worship

B.glorify

C.adore

D.cherish

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。worship“崇拜；尊敬”；glorify“贊美；美化”；adore“崇拜；愛(ài)慕”；cherish“懷有（感情等）；抱有（希望等）”。句意：這本書(shū)試圖去美化現(xiàn)代歷史中最壞的獨(dú)裁者之一的名字，但是失敗了。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

18.單選題

Manysoldiershavetoremindthemselveswhentheyreturnhomenottouse（

）languageofthebarracks.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.vulgar

B.gross

C.rough

D.coarse

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)vulgar“通俗的”；B選項(xiàng)gross“惡劣的”；C選項(xiàng)rough“粗糙的”；D選項(xiàng)coarse“粗俗的，下等的”。句意：許多士兵回家后不得不提醒自己不要在軍營(yíng)里說(shuō)粗話?選項(xiàng)D更符合語(yǔ)境。

19.單選題

Chosewiselywhenconsideringapartner,whethertoattendchurchandhowyoulookafteryourbody.Thesedecisionscouldhaveasignificanteffectonyouroveralllifesatisfaction.That’saccordingtoastudythatchallengesthetheorythatlifehappinessislargelypredeterminedbyyourgenes.

Thiswidelyaccepted“set-point”theoryofhappinesssaysthatanindividual’slong-termhappinesstendstobestablebecauseitdependsmainlyongeneticfactors.Theideaisbasedinpartonstudiesthat

showidenticaltwinshavemoresimilarleveloflifesatisfactionthannon-identicaltwins,andsuggeststhatalthoughyourlevelofhappinessmayoccasionallybethrownoffbymajorlifeevents,itwillalwaysreturntoasetlevelwithintwoyears.

Tofindoutwhetherpeoplereallyaredestinedforacertainlevelofhappiness,BruceHeadeyattheUniversityofMelbourneinAustraliaandhisteamquestionedpeopleinGermanyabouttheirjobs,lifestylesandsocialandreligiousactivities.Theyfoundthatcertainchangesinlifestyleledtosignificantlong-termchangesinreportedlifesatisfaction,ratherthancausingthetemporarydeflectionsinhappinessthatset-pointtheorywouldsuggest.

Oneofthebiggestinfluencesonaperson’shappinesswastheirpartner’slevelofneuroticism.Thosewithpartnerswhoscoredhighlyontestsforneuroticismweremorelikelytounhappy一andtostayunhappyforaslongastherelationshiplasted.

Altruismandfamilyvaluesalsoinfluencedlong-termhappiness.Peoplewhoseannualsurveyresponseschangedtoplaceahigherpriorityonaltruisticbehaviorsandfamilygoalswererewardedwithalong-termincreaseinlifesatisfaction.Thosewhoprioritizedcareerandmaterialsuccess,however,experiencedacorrespondinglastingdecline.

Havingstrongreligiouscommitmentsalsoseemedtohelpinthepursuitofhappiness.“Peoplewhoattendchurchregularlyseemtobehappierthanpeoplearenotreligious,”saysHeadey.

Aperson’sweightturnedouttobeanotherfactorforlong-termhappiness,especiallyforwomen.Underweightmenscoredslightlylowerthanthosewithhealthyweights,whilewomenreportedbeingsignificantlylesshappywhentheywereobese.Beingoverweightappearedtohavenoeffectonmen’shappiness.

RobertCumminsatDeakinUniversityinBurood,Australia,notesthatchangesinhappinessreportedbyHeadey’steamcouldbeinfluencedbyindividualsfallingintoorrecoveringfromdepression.

Thegroupsuggestsitsfindingsmaybeappliedtootherpopulations,havingfoundsimilarpatterns,asyetunpublished,intheUKandAustralia.

1.Whatopiniondoesthe“set-point”theoryabouthappinesshold,accordingtothepassage?

2.WhatdidthestudiesledbyBruceHeadeyfind?

3.Whatactionisgoodforpeoplegettinglong-termlifehappinessaccordingtoHeadey9sstudy?

4.WhatdoesRobertCumminswanttoexpress?

5.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Whatpeoplechooseinlifehasnoeffectontheirhappiness.

B.Thefewerchangesonehasinhislifestyle,themoresatisfiedhefeels.

C.People’shappinessismostlypredeterminedbygeneticfactors.

D.Identicaltwins’lifesatisfactiontendstostayinsimilarlevels.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.People’slong-termlifesatisfactionseemstokeepstablealways.

B.Somechangesinlifestylehaveimpactsonlong-termhappiness.

C.Changesinlifestylecauseoccasionaldeflectionsofone’shappinesslevel.

D.PeopleinGermanyarehappierthanintheUKandAustralia.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Puttingcareerandmaterialwealthinthefirstplace.

B.Goingtochurchwithfamilymembersonceinawhile.

C.Livingwithapartnerwithhighly-scoredneuroticism.

D.Prioritisingaltruismandfamilyvaluesintheirlife.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.ThereisnoscientificevidencetosupportthefindingofHeadey’steam.

B.Thereisstillanotherfactoraffectingthechangesinlifehappiness.

C.WhatHeadey’steamfoundisnotsuitableforotherpopulationsbutGermans.

D.ThefindingsofHeadey’steamareoflittleuseforpeople’sdailylife.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Geneticfactorstendtokeepone’slifesatisfactionstable.

B.Peoplearedestinedtosomeleveloflifesatisfaction.

C.Dailychoicescanaffectlong-termlifesatisfaction.

D.Beingoverweightinfluencesone’slifehappinesslittle.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.文章第二段第一句話提到“set-point”，隨后說(shuō)“個(gè)人的長(zhǎng)期幸福是趨于穩(wěn)定的因?yàn)樗饕Q于基因因素”。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.文章第三段主要提及了墨爾本大學(xué)的BruceHeadey為了找出是否人們的幸福是既定的而做了專門研究，他們指出生活方式的某些改變會(huì)影響幸福感（Theyfound