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書山有路勤為徑,學海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區的她考研考博-英語-吉林動畫學院考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Forthepastseveralyears,theSundaynewspapersupplementParadehasfeaturedacolumncalled“AskMarilyn.”PeopleareinvitedtoqueryMarilynVosSavant,whoatage10hadtestedatamentallevelofsomeoneabout23yearsold;thatgaveheranIQof228–thehighestscoreeverrecorded.IQtestsaskyoutocompleteverbalandvisualanalogies,toenvisionpaperafterithasbeenfoldedandcut,andtodeducenumericalsequences,amongothersimilartasks.SoitisabitconfusingwhenVosSavantfieldssuchqueriesfromtheaverageJoe(whoseIQis100)as,What’sthedifferencebetweenloveandfondness?Orwhatisthenatureofluckandcoincidence?It’snotobvioushowthecapacitytovisualizeobjectsandtofigureoutnumericalpatternssuitsonetoanswerquestionsthathaveeludedsomeofthebestpoetsandphilosophers.

Clearly,intelligenceencompassesmorethanascoreonatest.Justwhatdoesitmeantobesmart?Howmuchofintelligencecanbespecified,andhowmuchcanwelearnaboutitfromneurology,genetics,computerscienceandotherfields?

ThedefiningtermofintelligenceinhumansstillseemstobetheIQscore,eventhoughIQtestsarenotgivenasoftenastheyusedtobe.Thetestcomesprimarilyintwoforms:theStanford-BinetIntelligenceScaleandtheWechslerIntelligenceScales(bothcomeinadultandchildren’sversion).Generallycostingseveralhundreddollars,theyareusuallygivenonlybypsychologists,althoughvariationsofthempopulatebookstoresandtheWorldWideWeb.SuperhighscoreslikeVosSavant’sarenolongerpossible,becausescoringisnowbasedonastatisticalpopulationdistributionamongagepeers,ratherthansimplydividingthementalagebythechronologicalageandmultiplyingby100.Otherstandardizedtests,suchastheScholasticAssessmentTest(SAT)andtheGraduateRecordExam(GRE),capturethemainaspectsofIQtests.

Suchstandardizedtestsmaynotassessalltheimportantelementsnecessarytosucceedinschoolandinlife,arguesRobertJ.Sternberg.Inhisarticle“HowIntelligentIsIntelligenceTesting?”,Sternbergnotesthattraditionaltestsbestassessanalyticalandverbalskillsbutfailtomeasurecreativityandpracticalknowledge,componentsalsocriticaltoproblemsolvingandlifesuccess.Moreover,IQtestdonotnecessarilypredictsowelloncepopulationsorsituationschange.ResearchhasfoundthatIQpredictedleadershipskillswhenthetestsweregivenunderlow-stressconditions,butunderhigh-stressconditions,IQwasnegativelycorrelatedwithleadership–thatis,itpredictedtheopposite.AnyonewhohastoiledthroughSATwilltestifythattest-takingskillalsomatters,whetherit’sknowingwhentoguessorwhatquestionstoskip.

1.Whichofthefollowingmayberequiredinanintelligenttest?

2.WhatcanbeinferredaboutintelligencetestingfromParagraph3?

3.PeoplenowadayscannolongerachieveIQscoresashighasVosSavant’sbecause______

4.Wecanconcludefromthelastparagraphthat______

5.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsIQtest?

問題1選項

A.Answeringphilosophicalquestions.

B.Foldingorcuttingpaperintodifferentshapes.

C.Tellingthedifferencebetweencertainconcepts.

D.Choosingwordsorgraphssimilartothegivenones.

問題2選項

A.PeoplenolongeruseIQscoresasanindicatorofintelligence.

B.MoreversionsofIQtestsarenowavailableontheInternet.

C.Thetestcontentsandformatsforadultsandchildrenmaybedifferent.

D.Scientistshavedefinedtheimportantelementsofhumanintelligence.

問題3選項

A.thescoresareobtainedthroughdifferentcomputationalprocedures.

B.creativityratherthananalyticalskillsisemphasizednow.

C.VosSavant’scaseisanextremeonethatwillnotrepeat.

D.thedefiningcharacteristicofIQtestshaschanged.

問題4選項

A.testscoresmaynotbereliableindicatorsofone’sability.

B.IQscoresandSATresultsarehighlycorrelated.

C.testinginvolvesalotofguesswork.

D.traditionaltestareoutofdate.

問題5選項

A.Supportive.

B.Skeptical.

C.Impartial.

D.Biased.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.【試題解析】細節推理題。題干意思是“下列哪一項在智力測試中可能需要?”。A項“回答哲學問題”,B項“把紙折成或剪成不同的形狀”,C項“說明某些概念之間的區別”,D項“選擇與所給相似的詞或圖”。第一段第三句提到IQtestaskyoutocompleteverbalandvisualanalogies,toenvisionpaperafterithasbeenfoldedandcut,andtodeducenumericalsequences,amongothersimilartasks.(智商測試要求你完成口頭和視覺分析,要求你在紙張被折疊、剪切后想象它的形狀,要求你推論數字的順序,以及其他類似的項目)以及最后一段第二句Sternberg提到traditionaltestsbestassessanalyticalandverbalskillsbutfailtomeasurecreativityandpracticalknowledge,componentsalsocriticaltoproblemsolvingandlifesuccess.(傳統的測試最恰當地評估了分析能力和語言表達能力,但沒有測量創造性和實際知識,這些也是解決問題、在生活中取得成功的關鍵因素),由此可知智力測試中可能需要創造性和實際知識。A項和C項文中沒有提及,屬于無中生有;B項與題意不符,文中只是提到在紙張被折疊、剪切后想象它的形狀,不是折疊或剪紙張。因此該題只有D項正確。

2.【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“從第三段關于智力測試的描述我們可以推斷出……?”。第三段的內容主要是描述智力測試的兩種形式,斯坦福—比奈智力量表和威斯勒智力量表,這兩種都有成人和兒童測試類型;由于測試價格昂貴,通常只有心理學家才進行這些測試,現在一些測試的變種在網上流行。由此可知,兒童和成人的智力測試類型不同。A項“人們不再使用IQ分數作為智力的指標”,第三段最后一句提到Otherstandardizedtests,suchastheScholasticAssessmentTest(SAT)andtheGraduateRecordExam(GRE),capturethemainaspectsofIQtests.(其他標準測試,比如學術能力檢測以及研究生入學考試,包含了智商測試的主要方面),因此A項錯誤。B項“現在網上有更多的IQ測試版本”,第三段第四行提到althoughvariationsofthempopulatebookstoresandtheWorldWideWeb.(盡管這些測試的變種在書店和環球網上流行),可知網上流行的是上文提到的斯坦福—比奈智力量表和威斯勒智力量表這兩種測試的變種,而非更多的測試版本,B項與題意不符。D項“科學家們已經確定了人類智力的重要組成部分”文中無提及。因此該題C項“成人和兒童的測試內容和形式有所不同”正確。

3.【試題解析】細節推理題。題干意思是“現在的人們不能再達到像VosSavant那樣高的智商分數是因為……?”。第三段第四行有提到SuperhighscoreslikeVosSavant’sarenolongerpossible,becausescoringisnowbasedonastatisticalpopulationdistributionamongagepecks,ratherthansimplydividingthementalagebythechronologicalageandmultiplyingby100.(得到像VosSavant這樣的超高分數再也不可能了,因為現在的分數依據的是相同年齡者的統計學群體分布狀況,而不是簡單地通過實足年齡乘以100來劃分智能年齡),由此得知,人們不能再達到像VosSavant那樣高的智商分數是因為計算方法與以前不同。A項“分數是通過不同的計算程序得到的”與題意符合;B項“現在強調的是創造力而不是分析能力”是第四段的信息,內容與題意不符;C項“VosSavant的案例是一個極端的案例,不會重演”和D項“智商測試的定義特征已經改變”文中沒有提到,屬于無中生有。因此該題A項正確。

4.【試題解析】判斷歸納題。題干意思是“從最后一段我們可以推斷出……?”。文章最后一段指出,有專家認為,標準測試不可能評估在學校和生活中取得成功所需的所有重要因素,隨后解釋了這種觀點,指出傳統的測試最恰當地評估了分析能力和語言表達能力,而且一旦人口或環境發生變化,智商測試就不一定預測得那么準確,并且應試能力也很重要。這說明智商測試不可能真實反映一個人的能力。A項“考試成績可能不是一個人能力的可靠指標”符合題意;B項“智商分數和SAT成績高度相關”與文意相反;C項“測試涉及大量的猜測”屬于夸大其詞;D項“傳統測試過時了”屬于無中生有。因此該題A項正確。

5.【試題解析】主觀態度題。題干意思是“作者對智力測試的態度是怎樣的?”。A項“支持的”,B項“懷疑的”,C項“公平的”,D項“有偏見的”。文章最后一段,作者引用了Sternberg的話,IQtestdonotnecessarilypredictsowelloncepopulationsorsituationschange(一旦人口或環境發生變化,智商測試就不一定預測得那么準確),以及后面提到IQpredictedleadershipskillswhenthetestsweregivenunderlow-stressconditions,butunderhigh-stressconditions,IQwasnegativelycorrelatedwithleadership–thatis,itpredictedtheopposite(如果在低壓力狀況下進行智商測試,那么這種測試就可以預測領導才能,但是,在高壓力狀況下,智商測試所得的結果與領導才能的關系是否定的,也就是說,它預測的結果是相反的),由此可以看出作者對IQ測試是持有懷疑態度的。A項與作者態度相反,因此錯誤;D項和C項不符合作者態度,因此只有B選項正確。

2.單選題

PresidentCoolidge’sstatement,"ThebusinessofAmericaisbusiness,"stillpointstoanimportanttruthtoday——thatbusinessinstitutionshavemoreprestigeinAmericansocietythananyotherkindoforganization,includingthegovernment.Whydobusinessinstitutionspossessthisgreatprestige?

OnereasonisthatAmericansviewbusinessasbeingmorefirmlybasedontheidealofcompetitionthanotherinstitutionsinsociety.SincecompetitionisseenasthemajorsourceofprogressandprosperitybymostAmericans,competitivebusinessinstitutionsarerespected.Competitionisnotonlygoodinitself,itisalsothemeansbywhichotherbasicAmericanvaluessuchasindividualfreedom,equalityofopportunity,andhardworkareprotected.

Competitionprotectsthefreedomoftheindividualbyensuringthatthereisnomonopolyofpower.Incontrasttoone,allpowerfulgovernment,manybusinessescompeteagainsteachotherforprofits.Theoretically,ifonebusinesstriestotakeunfairadvantageofitscustomers,itwilllosetocompetingbusinesswhichtreatsitscustomersmorefairly.Wheremanybusinessescompeteforthecustomers'dollar,theycannotaffordtotreatthemlikeinferiorsorslaves.

Acontrastisoftenmadebetweenbusiness,whichiscompetitive,andgovernment,whichisamonopoly.Becausebusinessiscompetitive,manyAmericansbelievethatitismoresupportiveoffreedomthangovernment,eventhoughtgovernmentleadersareelectedbythepeopleandbusinessleadersarenot.ManyAmericanbelieve,then,thatcompetitionisasimportant,orevenmoreimportant,thandemocracyinpreservingfreedom.

Competitioninbusinessisalsobelievedtostrengthentheidealofequalityofopportunity.Competitionisseenasanopenandfairracewheresuccessgoestotheswiftestpersonregardlessofhisorhersocialclassbackground.CompetitivesuccessiscommonlyseenastheAmericanalternativetosocialrankbasedonfamilybackground.Businessisthereforeviewedasanexpressionoftheideaofequalityofopportunityratherthanthearistocraticideaofinheritedprivilege.

1.Thestatement"ThebusinessofAmericaisbusiness"probablymeans(

).

2.Americansbelievethattheycanrealizetheirpersonalvaluesonly

).

3.Whocanbenefitfrombusinesscompetition?

4.Governmentisbelievedtodifferstrikinglyfrombusinessinthatgovernmentischaracterizedby

).

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorbeliever(

).

問題1選項

A.ThebusinessinstitutionsinAmericaareconcernedwithcommerce.

B.BusinessproblemsareofgreatimportancetotheAmericangovernment.

C.BusinessisofprimaryconcerntoAmericans

D.Americaisagreatpowerinworldbusiness

問題2選項

A.whengivenequalityofopportunity

B.throughdoingbusiness

C.byprotectingtheirindividualfreedom

D.bywayofcompetition

問題3選項

A.Honestbusinessmen.

B.Bothbusinessmenandtheircustomers.

C.Peoplewithidealsofequality.

D.Businessinstitutionsandgovernment.

問題4選項

A.itsabsolutecontrolofpower

B.itsfunctionpreservingpersonalfreedom

C.itsroleinprotectingbasicAmericanvalues

D.itsdemocraticwayofexercisingleader

問題5選項

A.Americansaremoreambitiousthanpeopleinothercountries

B.Inmanycountriessuccessoftendependsonone'ssocialstatus

C.Americanbusinessesaremoredemocraticthantheseinothercountries

D.BusinessesinothercountriesarenotascompetitiveasthoseinAmerica

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.細節事實題。由文章第一段中的thatbusinessinstitutionshavemoreprestigeinAmericansocietythananyotherkindoforganization,includingthegovernment(在美國社會中,商業機構比任何其他類型的組織都有更高的聲譽,包括政府)可知C選項“商業是美國人最關心的問題”符合題意。

2.細節事實題。由文章第二段中的Competitionisnotonlygoodinitself,itisalsothemeansbywhichotherbasicAmericanvaluessuchasindividualfreedom,equalityofopportunity,andhardworkareprotected.(競爭本身不僅是好的,它也是美國其他基本價值觀如個人自由、機會平等和努力工作的保護手段)可知D選項“通過競爭”符合題意。

3.細節事實題。由文章第三段中的Theoretically,ifonebusinesstriestotakeunfairadvantageofitscustomers,itwilllosetocompetingbusinesswhichtreatsitscustomersmorefairly.Wheremanybusinessescompeteforthecustomers'dollar,theycannotaffordtotreatthemlikeinferiorsorslaves.(理論上,如果一個企業試圖利用其客戶的不公平優勢,它將輸給對其客戶更公平的競爭性企業。當許多企業為了顧客的錢而競爭時,他們不能像對待下級或奴隸那樣對待他們)可知是從從企業與客戶兩個角度說明商業競爭的,因此選B。

4.細節事實題。由文章倒數第二段中的Acontrastisoftenmadebetweenbusiness,whichiscompetitive,andgovernment,whichisamonopoly.(人們常常將商業和政府進行對比,一個具有競爭性,另一個具有壟斷性)可知A選項“其對權力的絕對控制”符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中的CompetitivesuccessiscommonlyseenastheAmericanalternativetosocialrankbasedonfamilybackground.Businessisthereforeviewedasanexpressionoftheideaofequalityofopportunityratherthanthearistocraticideaofinheritedprivilege.(競爭成功通常被視為是美國人對基于家庭背景的社會等級的替代方式。因此,商業被視為是機會平等觀念的一種表達,而不是繼承特權的貴族觀念)可知B選項“在許多國家,成功往往取決于一個人的社會地位”符合題意。

3.單選題

Overthepastcentury,allkindsofunfairnessanddiscriminationhavebeencondemnedormadeillegal.Buttheoneinsidiousformcontinuestothrive:alphabetism.This,forthoseasyetunawareofsuchadisadvantage,referstodiscriminationagainstthosewhosesurnamebeginningwithaletterinthelowerhalfofthealphabet.

IthaslongbeenknownthatataxifirmcalledAAAAcarhasabigadvantageoverZodiaccarswhencustomersthumbthroughtheirphonedirectories.LesswellknownistheadvantagethatAdamAbbotthasinlifeoverZoeZysman.Englishnamesarefairlyevenlyspreadbetweenthehalvesofthealphabet.YetasuspiciouslylargenumberoftoppeoplehavesurnamesbeginningwithlettersbetweenAandK.

ThustheAmericanpresidentandvice-presidenthavesurnamesstartingwithBandCrespectively;and26ofGeorgeBush’spredecessors(includinghisfather)hadsurnamesinthefirsthalfofthealphabetagainstjust16inthesecondhalf.Evenmorestriking,sixofthesevenheadsofgovernmentoftheG7richcountriesarealphabeticallyadvantaged(Berlusconi,Blair,Bush,Chirac,ChrtienandKoizumi).Theworld’sthreetopcentralbankers(Greenspan,DuisenbergandHayami)areallclosetothetopofthealphabet,evenifoneofthemreallyusesJapanesecharacters.Asaretheworld’sfiverichestmen(Gates,Buffett,Alien,EllisonandAlbrecht).

Canthismerelybycoincidence?Onetheory,dreamtupinallthesparetimeenjoyedbythealphabeticallydisadvantaged,isthattherotsetsinearly.Atthestartofthefirstyearininfantschool,teachersseatpupilsalphabeticallyfromthefront,tomakeiteasiertoremembertheirnames.Soshort-sightedZysmanjuniorgetsstuckinthebackrow,andisrarelyaskedtheimprovingquestionsposedbythoseinsensitiveteachers.Atthetimethealphabeticallydisadvantagedmaythinktheyhavehadaluckyescape.Yettheresultmaybeworsequalifications,becausetheygetlessindividualattention,aswellaslessconfidenceinspeakingpublicly.

Thehumiliationcontinues.Atuniversitygraduationceremonies,theABCsproudlygettheirawardsfirst;bythetimetheyreachtheZysmansmostpeopleareliterallyhavingaZZZ.Shortlistsforjobinterviews,electionballotpapers,listsofconferencespeakersandattendees:alltendtobedrawnupalphabetically,andtheirrecipientsloseinterestastheyploughthroughthem.

1.WhatdoestheauthorintendtoillustratewithAAAAcarsandZodiaccars?

2.Whatcanweinferfromthefirstthreeparagraphs?

3.Thefourthparagraphsuggeststhat(

).

4.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“mostpeopleareliterallyhavingaZZZ”(Para.5)?

5.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?

問題1選項

A.Akindofoverlookinequality.

B.Atypeofconspicuousbias.

C.Atypeofpersonalprejudice.

D.Akindofbranddiscrimination.

問題2選項

A.InbothEastandWest,namesareessentialtosuccess.

B.ThealphabetistoblameforthefailureofZoeZysman.

C.Customersoftenpayalotofattentiontocompanies’names.

D.Someformofdiscriminationistoosubtletorecognize.

問題3選項

A.questionsareoftenputtothemoreintelligentstudents

B.alphabeticallydisadvantagedstudentsoftenescapefromclass

C.teachersshouldpayattentiontoalloftheirstudents

D.studentsshouldbeseatedaccordingtotheireyesight

問題4選項

A.Theyaregettingimpatient.

B.Theyarenoisilydozingoff.

C.Theyarefeelinghumiliated.

D.Theyarebusywithwordpuzzles.

問題5選項

A.PeoplewithsurnamesbeginningwithNtoZareoftenill-treated.

B.VIPsinthewesternworldgainagreatdealfromalphabetism.

C.Thecampaigntoeliminatealphabtismstillhasalongwaytogo.

D.Puttingthingsalphabeticallymayleadtounintentionalbias.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由文章第一段中的This,forthoseasyetunawareofsuchadisadvantage,referstodiscriminationagainstthosewhosesurnamebeginningwithaletterinthelowerhalfofthealphabet.(對于那些尚未意識到這一劣勢的人來說,這是指對那些姓氏以字母表下半部分的字母開頭的人的歧視)可知A選項“一種被忽視的不公平”符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。文章第一段提出字母排序是一種隱藏的歧視;第二三段舉例說明字母排序的歧視,因此D選項“某種形式的歧視太微妙以至于無法識別”符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。文章第四段介紹了從入學開始,老師們就按姓氏首字母排序安排學生的座位,很少關注那些由于姓氏首字母靠后而經常被安排在教室的后面,也很少向他們提問,因此C選項“老師們應該關注所有的學生”符合題意。

4.詞義題。由文章最后一段中的Thehumiliationcontinues.Atuniversitygraduationceremonies,theABCsproudlygettheirawardsfirst;bythetimetheyreachtheZysmansmostpeopleareliterallyhavingaZZZ.(羞辱還在繼續。在大學畢業典禮上,ABC們自豪地獲得了他們的獎項;等輪到Zysman們的時候,大多數人實際上已經ZZZ了)可在推測等輪到Zysman們領獎時,其他人由于等的時間太長,差不多都會睡著了。ZZZ表示“(擬聲)打鼾聲”,dozingoff表示“打瞌睡”,因此選B。

5.推理判斷題。文章主要介紹了字母排序所帶來的歧視,這種歧視是隱蔽的,是無意中導致的,因此D選項“按字母順序排列可能會導致無意的偏見”符合題意。

4.單選題

Thegapbetweenthoseatthelowestlevelandthoseatthehighestlevelofincomehadincreased(),andiscontinuingtoincrease.

問題1選項

A.sufficiently

B.substantially

C.succinctly

D.successfully

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。sufficiently“充分地”;substantially“實質上;大體上”;succinctly“簡潔地”;successfully“成功地”。該句主要是講貧富差距,不能用褒義的副詞,因此選項B符合題意。

5.單選題

Heusescolor,lightandformquitedifferentlyfromtheconventionalstyleofhis(

.

問題1選項

A.descendants

B.predecessors

C.successors

D.ancestors

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項descendant“子孫,后裔”;B選項predecessor“前任,前輩”;C選項successor“后繼者,繼承人”;D選項ancestor“祖宗,祖先”,分析空格前后的句子成分,是一個所有格短語,充當介詞from的賓語,意思可以理解為“前輩的傳統表達方式”,句意為:他在色彩、光線和形式方面,做法完全不同于他前輩的傳統方式。故正確答案選B。

6.單選題

Everycountrywithamonetarysystemofitsownhastohavesomekindofmarketinwhichdealersinbills,notes,andotherformsofshorttermcreditcanbuyandsell.The“moneymarket”isasetofinstitutionsorarrangementsforhandlingwhatmightbecalledwholesaletransactionsinmoneyandshort-termcredit.Theneedforsuchfacilitiesarisesinmuchthesamewaythatasimilarneeddoesinconnectionwiththedistributionofanyoftheproductsofadiversifiedeconomytotheirfinalusersattheretaillevel.Iftheretaileristoprovidereasonablyadequateservicetohiscustomers,hemusthaveactivecontactswithotherswhospecializeinmakingorhandlingbulkquantitiesofwhateverishisstockintrade.Themoneymarketismadeupofspecializedfacilitiesofexactlythiskind.Itexistsforthepurposeofimprovingtheabilityoftheretailersoffinancialservices—commercialbanks,savingsinstitutions,investmenthouses,lendingagencies,andevengovernments—todotheirjob.Ithaslittleifanycontactwiththeindividualsorfirmswhomaintainaccountswiththesevariousretailersorpurchasetheirsecuritiesorborrowfromthem.

Theelementalfunctionsofamoneymarketmustbeperformedinanykindofmoderneconomy,evenonethatislargelyplannedorsocialist,butthearrangementsinsocialistcountriesdonotordinarilytaketheformofamarket.Moneymarketsexistincountriesthatusemarketprocessesratherthanplannedallocationstodistributemostoftheirprimaryresourcesamongalternativeuses.Thegeneraldistinguishingfeatureofamoneymarketisthatitreliesuponopencompetitionamongthosewhoarebulksuppliersoffundsatanyparticulartimeandamongthoseseekingbulkfunds,toworkoutthebestpracticabledistributionoftheexistingtotalvolumeofsuchfunds.

Intheirmarkettransactions,thosewithbulksuppliesoffundsordemandsforthem,relyongroupsofintermediarieswhoactasbrokersordealers.Thecharacteristicsofthesemiddlemen,theservicestheyperform,andtheirrelationshiptootherpartsofthefinancialsystemvarywidelyfromcountrytocountry.Inmanycountriesthereisnosinglemeetingplacewherethemiddlemengettogether,yetinmostcountriesthecontactsamongallparticipantsaresufficientlyopenandfreetoassureeachsupplieroruseroffundsthathewillgetorpayapricethatfairlyreflectsalloftheinfluences(includinghisown)thatarecurrentlyaffectingthewholesupplyandthewholedemand.Innearlyallcases,moreover,theunifyingforceofcompetitionisreflectedatanygivenmomentinacommonprice(thatis,rateofinterest)forsimilartransactions.Continuousfluctuationsinthemoneymarketratesofinterestresultfromchangesinthepressureofavailablesuppliesoffundsuponthemarketandinthepullofcurrentdemandsuponthemarket.

1.Thefirstparagraphismainlyabout().

2.Accordingtothispassage,themoneymarket().

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsconcerningmoneymarketisNOTTRUEaccordingtothispassage?

4.Theauthorusestheexampleofmiddlementoshow().

5.Accordingtothispassage,().

問題1選項

A.thedefinitionofmoneymarket

B.theconstitutionofamoneymarket

C.thebasicfunctionsofamoneymarket

D.thegeneralfeatureofamoneymarket

問題2選項

A.providesconvenientservicestoitscustomers

B.hasclosecontactwiththeindividualsorfirmsseekingfunds

C.maintainsaccountswithvariousretailersoffinancialservices

D.ismadeupofinstitutionswhichspecializeinhandlingwholesalemonetarytransactions

問題3選項

A.Moneymarketdoesnotexistinplannedeconomies.

B.Moneymarkethasbeenestablishedinsomesocialistcountries.

C.Moneymarketencouragesopencompetitionamongbulksuppliersoffunds.

D.Moneymarketreliesuponmarketprocessestodistributefundstofinalusers.

問題4選項

A.markettransactionsareimportantindifferentcountries

B.dealersareneededindoingbusiness

C.middlemencanplaygreatroleindifferenttransactionsanddifferentcountries.

D.middlemenindifferentcountrieshavedifferentactionsinbusiness.

問題5選項

A.brokersusuallyperformthesamekindsofservicestotheircustomers

B.brokershavelittlecontactwitheachother

C.opencompetitiontendstoresultinacommonpriceforsimilartransactionsatanygivenmoment

D.changesinthepressureofavailablesuppliesoffundsuponthemarkettendstomaintainamoneymarket

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。題干:第一段主要是關于___________。可以定位到第一段,不難發現,第一段的主要是在描述金融市場的定義The“moneymarket”isasetofinstitutionsorarrangementsforhandlingwhatmightbecalledwholesaletransactionsinmoneyandshort-termcredit.(金融市場就是一組用錢和短期信貸進行批發交易的公共機構或組織。)以及金融市場的目的和作用Itexistsforthepurposeofimprovingtheabilityoftheretailersoffinancialservices…(其設立的目的是為了幫助金融機構……),所以C選項“金融市場的基本功能”正確。A選項“金融市場的定義”不夠全面,B選項“金融市場的章程”和D選項“金融市場的一般特征”在第一段中均未提及,排除,所以本題的正確答案是C選項。

2.推理判斷題。題干:根據文章,金融市場________。通過第一段第二行的后半句話可知The“moneymarket”isasetofinstitutionsorarrangementsforhandlingwhatmightbecalledwholesaletransactionsinmoneyandshort-termcredit.(金融市場就是一組用錢和短期信貸進行批發交易的公共機構或組織。),該句的意思與D項“是由專門處理批發貨幣交易的機構組成的”符合,故D選項正確。A選項“為客戶提供方便的服務”通過第一段第四句Iftheretaileristoprovidereasonablyadequateservicetohiscustomers(如果零售商要為他的客戶提供充足的服務。),可知,為客戶提供服務的應該是零售商,所以A選項不正確,B選項“與尋求資金的個人或公司有密切聯系”,通過最后一段第一句話Intheirmarkettransactions,thosewithbulksuppliesoffundsordemandsforthem,relyongroupsofintermediarieswhoactasbrokersordealers.(在市場交易中,提供資金和尋求資金者之間依靠經紀人或經銷商這些中間人來進行交易。),所以B選項不正確,C選項“在不同的金融服務零售商保持賬戶”,由第一段倒數第二句話可知,金融市場是為了幫助金融機構的零售商們做好他們的工作,和C選項表達意思不符合,所以C選項不正確。綜上所述,本題的正確答案是D選項。

3.推理判斷題。題干:根據文章可知,以下那個關于金融市場的描述不正確?根據第二段第三行Moneymarketsexistincountriesthatusemarketprocessesratherthanplannedallocationstodistributemostoftheirprimaryresourcesamongalternativeuses.(金融市場存在于那些利用市場而不是計劃來分配資源的國家里。),我們可以知道,貨幣市場不僅僅存在于社會主義國家,所以B選項“金融市場在一些社會主義國家已經建立了”是錯誤的。A選項“計劃經濟中不存在金融市場”,與第二段的第一句話“金融市場最基本的功能必須以現代經濟形式來體現,甚至是高度計劃或社會主義,但社會主義國家不一定都要采取市場形式。”對應,所以排除A選項,C選項“金融市場鼓勵大宗資金供應商之間的公開競爭”與第二段的最后一句話“貨幣市場的特點是,它依賴于在任何特定時間內,大量資金提供者之間的公開競爭””對應,所以排除C選項,D選項“金融市場依靠市場程序將資金分配給最終用戶”,與文章第一段中提到,“金融市場就是一組用錢和短期信貸進行批發交易的公共機構或組織,在多樣經濟背景下在零售層面中將產品分配給最終的用戶需要建立很多便利設施”對應,所以排除D選項。綜上所述,本題應該選B選項。

4.推理判斷題。題干:作者利用中間商的例子來說明________。三段中,對這些middleman的作用進行了闡述,從中我們可以看到他們在不同的國家都起到了重要的作用,所以C選項“中間商在不同的交易和不同的國家都能發揮很大的作用”正確,A選項“市場交易在不同的國家都很重要”和D選項“在不同的國家中間商在商界有著不同的舉措”,在文中均有提及,但是并不是作者的目的。B選項“做生意需要經銷商”文章都在說明金融市場的功能和重要性,所以這里應該是,做生意需要金融市場而不是經銷商。綜上所述,本題的正確答案是C選項。

5.推理判斷題。題干:根據文章,_________。第二段的第三句話中,我們可以知道貨幣市場的一個分配特征就是依靠資金提供方和需求方各內部之間的競爭,所以可以得出C項“公開競爭往往會導致類似交易在任何給定時刻的共同價格”的結論。A“經紀人通常為他們的客戶提供同樣的服務”,通過文章第三段第二句話“這些中間人的特點,他們提供的服務,他們同其他金融之間的關系每個國家都不同”,可知A選項不正確,B項“經紀人之間幾乎沒有聯系”,通過文章第三段第三句話“大多數國家中所有參與者之間的聯系都是公開進行”可知B選項不符合文中的題意。D項“可用資金供應對市場壓力的變化傾向于維持貨幣市場”貨幣市場的浮動并不只是取決于資金提供方,還有市場的需要的因素,所以排除D選項。綜上所述,本題的正確答案是C選項。

7.翻譯題

Directions:PutthefollowingpassageintoChinese.WriteyourChineseversionintheproperspaceontheAnswerSheet.

Thisgreaterinterdependenceisnotlimitedtothefinancialsector.Thenewchallengesoftodayareglobalinnatureandtherefore,theydemandaglobalresponse.Thisappliestoissuessuchasclimatechange,eneigysecurity,terrorismprevention,traffickingandorganizedcrime.Wecannolongermeetthesechallengesbyclosingthedoorandsimplylookingafterourownhouse.Instead,wemustreachoutandseekcooperation,wherevercooperationismoreeffective.Theworldiscurrentlywitnessingthebroadestanddeepestwaveofglobalizationeverproducinggreatopportunitiesbutalsosomerisks.GlobalizationhashelpedhundredsofmillionsfrompovertyandprovidedbusinesseswiththepossibilitytoinvestandexpandabroaD.Butthosesamebusinessesknowthattheycannolongerliveonpastachievements.Whenwespeakofglobalization,itisimportanttounderstandthatopennessandinterdependencearetherulesofthegame.

Ourcooperationinthefightagainstclimatechangeisparticularlyimportant.Weallknowthatclimatechangeisreal,thatitiscausedbyhumanactivity,andthatitsconsequencesareuniversalandwillbefeltfirstandforemostbythepoorest.Itwillservelittlepurposeifothercountriesdonotjoinincommonaction.Yes,thereisacosttoreducingemissions,butthecostofglobalwarmingandnotjustinthelongtermisgoingtobefarhigher,includingforChina.

【答案】我們之間日益加深的相互依存并不局限于金融領域。今天我們實際面臨的許多新挑戰都是全球性的,因此需要全球做出共同應對。這其中包括了氣候變化、能源安全、制止恐怖主義、販賣毒品和有組織犯罪等。我們已經不能以關起門來獨善其身的方式應對這些挑戰。相反,我們必須伸出雙手尋求合作,因為合作能夠更有效地解決這些問題。世界正經歷著一波最為廣泛和深刻的全球化浪潮,這為我們提供了巨大的機會,但同時也帶來了一些風險。全球化已幫助數以億計的人們擺脫了貧困,并且給企業提供了進行海外投資和擴張的機會。但那些企業也意識到不能夠滿足于自己過去取得的成就。提到全球化,我們必須清楚公開和相互依存是其游戲的規則。

我們在應對氣候變化方面的合作尤其重要。我們現在都認識到氣候的變化是實實在在的,這一變化由人類活動引發,其影響是全球性的并且將首先波及最貧困的人口。如果其他國家不參與共同行動,那么,我們的努力將不會產生結果。是的,我們將為減少溫室氣體排放付出代價,但我們可能在并不遙遠的將來為全球變暖付出遠高于此的代價,中國也不例外。

8.單選題

Theyarewritingtothemanagerwith()therepairsrecentlycarriedoutattheaboveaddress.

問題1選項

A.theexceptionof

B.aviewto

C.thepurposeof

D.referenceto

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。withreferenceto“關于;根據”。句意:鑒于最近在以上地址所進行的修理工作,他們正在給經理寫信。結合句意,故D選項正確。

9.單選題

AmongtheastronomersofancientGreece,twotheories()concerningtheplaceoftheearthintheuniverse.

問題1選項

A.developing

B.indevelopment

C.developed

D.whichtheydeveloped

【答案】C

【解析】語法題。考查謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知,句子主語為twotheories(兩種理論),空格后面的“concerning”為動詞的現在分詞做后置定語,因此空格處應填入一個謂語動詞,四個選項中,只有C項可做謂語。句意:古希臘的天文學家創立了兩種關于地球在宇宙中的位置的理論。

10.單選題

Infearfortheirlivesandin____oftheirfreedom,thousandsof

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