書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區的她考研考博-英語-山西運城農業職業技術學院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Itwouldbewrong（）thatfactor.

問題1選項

A.tonotconsider

B.nottoconsider

C.toconsidernot

D.tobeconsidering

【答案】B

【解析】考查不定式的否定形式。由于不定式的否定形式為not+to+動原，所以選項A、C、D均錯誤，B選項正確。句意：不考慮那個因素將是錯誤的。

2.單選題

Althoughblemishedbythedebtanddeficitproblems,theeconomyinBelgiumwasgenerallyhealthy.Bothindustrialproductionandoverallgrossdomesticproductwereexpectedtoriseby1.6percentfor1992.

問題1選項

A.accumulated

B.crushed

C.stimulated

D.spoiled

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.accumulated積累，積聚B.crushed壓壞，壓傷

C.stimulated激發（某事物）D.spoiled破壞，搞壞

【答案】D

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】blemished的意思為“破壞……的完美，玷污”，和economy構成動賓搭配關系，這里指的是經濟受到債務和赤字問題的負面影響，經濟遭到破壞，spoiled與之詞義相近，因此D選項正確。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C選項詞義與之不符。

【句意】盡管受到債務和赤字問題的影響，比利時的經濟總體健康。預計1992年的工業生產和國內總產值都將增長1.6%。

3.單選題

HarvardUniversityandMITare______thefourthandfifthlargestemployersinthearea.

問題1選項

A.representatively

B.respectively

C.respectably

D.respectfully

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.representatively典型地B.respectively分別地，各自地

C.respectably相當好地，可敬地D.respectfully尊敬地

【考查點】副詞辨析。

【解題思路】由空格后面的thefourthandfifthlargestemployers（第四大和第五大雇主）可知，“分別地”符合句子意思。因此，B項正確。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D選項不符合句子意思。

【句意】哈佛大學和麻省理工學院分別是該地區第四大和第五大雇主。

4.單選題

Persistentbullyingisoneoftheworstexperiencesachildcanface.Howcanitbeprevented?PeterSmith,ProfessorofPsychologyattheUniversityofSheffield,directedtheSheffieldAnti-BullyingInterventionProject,fundedbytheDepartmentforEducation.

Herethereportsonhisfindings.

1.（

）

Bullyingcantakeavarietyofforms,fromtheverbal—beingtauntedorcalledhurtfulnames—tothephysical—beingkickedorshoved—aswellasindirectforms,suchasbeingexcludedfromsocialgroups.AsurveyIconductedwithIreneWhitneyfoundthatinBritishprimaryschoolsuptoaquarterofpupilsreportedexperienceofbullying,whichinaboutoneintencaseswaspersistent.Therewaslessbullyinginsecondaryschools,withaboutoneintwenty-fivesufferingpersistentbullying,butthesecasesmaybeparticularlyrecalcitrant.

2.（

）

Bullyingisclearlyunpleasant,andcanmakethechildexperiencingitfeelunworthyanddepressed.Inextremecasesitcanevenleadtosuicide,thoughthisisthankfullyrare.Victimizedpupilsaremorelikelytoexperiencedifficultieswithinterpersonalrelationshipsasadults,whilechildrenwhopersistentlybullyaremorelikelytogrowuptobephysicallyviolent,andconvictedofanti-socialoffences.

3.（

）

Untilrecently,notmuchwasknownaboutthetopic,andlittlehelpwasavailabletoteacherstodealwithbullying.Perhapsasaconsequence,schoolswouldoftendenytheproblem.“Thereisnobullyingatthisschool”hasbeenacommonrefrain,almostcertainlyuntrue.Fortunatelymoreschoolsarenowsaying:“Thereisnotmuchbullyinghere,butwhenitoccurswehaveaclearpolicyfordealingwithit.”

4.（

）

Threefactorsareinvolvedinthischange.Firstisanawarenessoftheseverityoftheproblem.Second,anumberofresourcestohelptacklebullyinghavebecomeavailableinBritain.Forexample,theScottishCouncilforResearchinEducationproducedapackageofmaterials,ActionAgainstBullying,circulatedtoallschoolsinEnglandandWalesaswellasinScotlandinsummer1992,withasecondpack,SupportingSchoolsAgainstBullying,producedthefollowingyear.InIreland,GuidelinesonCounteringBullyingBehaviourinPost-PrimarySchoolswaspublishedin1993.Third,thereisevidencethatthesematerialswork,andthatschoolscanachievesomething.Thiscomesfromcarefullyconducted“beforeandafter”evaluationsofinterventionsinschools,monitoredbyaresearchteam.InNorway,afteraninterventioncampaignwasintroducednationally,anevaluationofforty-twoschoolssuggestedthat,overatwoyearperiod,bullyingwashalved.TheSheffieldinvestigation,whichinvolvedsixteenprimaryschoolsandsevensecondaryschools,foundthatmostschoolssucceededinreducingbullying.

SectionE

Evidencesuggeststhatakeystepistodevelopapolicyonbullying,sayingclearlywhatismeantbybullying,andgivingexplicitguidelinesonwhatwillbedoneifitoccurs,whatrecordswillbekept,whowillbeinformed,whatsanctionswillbeemployed.Thepolicyshouldbedevelopedthroughconsultation,overaperiodoftime—notjustimposedfromtheheadteacher’soffice!Pupils,parentsandstaffshouldfeeltheyhavebeeninvolvedinthepolicy,whichneedstobedisseminatedandimplementedeffectively.

Otheractionscanbetakentobackupthepolicy.Therearewaysofdealingwiththetopicthroughthecurriculum,usingvideo,dramaandliterature.Theseareusefulforraisingawareness,andcanbestbetiedintoearlyphasesofdevelopment,whiletheschoolisstartingtodiscusstheissueofbullying.Theyarealsousefulinrenewingthepolicyfornewpupils,orrevisingitinthelightofexperience.Butcurriculumworkalonemayonlyhaveshorttermeffects;itshouldbeanadditiontopolicywork,notasubstitute.

Therearealsowaysofworkingwithindividualpupils,orinsmallgroups.Assertivenesstrainingforpupilswhoareliabletobevictimsisworthwhile,andcertainapproachestogroupbullyingsuchas“noblame”,canbeusefulinchangingthebehaviourofbullyingpupilswithoutconfrontingthemdirectly,althoughothersanctionsmaybeneededforthosewhocontinuewithpersistentbullying.

Workintheplaygroundisimportant,too.Onehelpfulstepistotrainlunchtimesupervisorstodistinguishbullyingfromplayfulfighting,andhelpthembreakupconflicts.Anotherpossibilityistoimprovetheplaygroundenvironment,sothatpupilsarelesslikelytobeledintobullyingfromboredomorfrustration.

SectionF

Withthesedevelopments,schoolscanexpectthatatleastthemostseriouskindsofbullyingcanlargelybeprevented.Themoreeffortputinandthewiderthewholeschoolinvolvement,themoresubstantialtheresultsarelikelytobe.Thereductioninbullying—andtheconsequentimprovementinpupilhappiness—issurelyaworthwhileobjective.

ThepassagehassixsectionsA-F.ChoosethecorrectheadingforsectionsA-Dfromthelistofheadingsbelow.Writethecorrectnumber,I-VII,inboxes14-17onyouranswerSheet.

問題1選項

A.Theroleofvideoviolence

B.Thefailureofgovernmentpolicy

C.Reasonsfortheincreasedrateofbullying

D.ResearchintohowcommonbullyingisinBritishschools

E.Thereactionfromschoolstoenquiriesaboutbullying

F.Theeffectofbullyingonthechildreninvolved

G.Developmentsthathaveledtoanewapproachbyschools

問題2選項

A.Theroleofvideoviolence

B.Thefailureofgovernmentpolicy

C.Reasonsfortheincreasedrateofbullying

D.ResearchintohowcommonbullyingisinBritishschools

E.Thereactionfromschoolstoenquiriesaboutbullying

F.Theeffectofbullyingonthechildreninvolved

G.Developmentsthathaveledtoanewapproachbyschools

問題3選項

A.Theroleofvideoviolence

B.Thefailureofgovernmentpolicy

C.Reasonsfortheincreasedrateofbullying

D.ResearchintohowcommonbullyingisinBritishschools

E.Thereactionfromschoolstoenquiriesaboutbullying

F.Theeffectofbullyingonthechildreninvolved

G.Developmentsthathaveledtoanewapproachbyschools

問題4選項

A.Theroleofvideoviolence

B.Thefailureofgovernmentpolicy

C.Reasonsfortheincreasedrateofbullying

D.ResearchintohowcommonbullyingisinBritishschools

E.Thereactionfromschoolstoenquiriesaboutbullying

F.Theeffectofbullyingonthechildreninvolved

G.Developmentsthathaveledtoanewapproachbyschools

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:F

第3題:E

第4題:G

【解析】1.根據SectionA的主要內容，可知該段首先介紹了各種類型的欺凌，然后具體分析了英國小學的欺凌現象，可判斷出整個段落的主要內容為：對英國學校欺凌現象的調查。選項Ⅳ符合題意。

2.根據SectionB第一句“Bullyingisclearlyunpleasant,andcanmakethechildexperiencingitfeelunworthyanddepressed.Inextremecasesitcanevenleadtosuicide…”，欺凌是令人不愉快的，而且會讓經歷欺凌的孩子感到自卑和沮喪。在極端情況下，它甚至會導致自殺。下文繼續提到了受到欺凌的小學生在成年后更容易遇到交際困難。可判斷出本段主要提到欺凌對孩子們帶來的影響。選項Ⅵ符合題意。

3.根據SectionC第二句“…schoolswouldoftendenytheproblem.‘Thereisnobullyingatthisschool’hasbeenacommonrefrain,almostcertainlyuntrue.”，可知過去學校會否認學校欺凌這個問題，聲稱學校沒有欺凌事件。下文繼續提到學校的態度發生了改變，“…moreschoolsarenowsaying:‘Thereisnotmuchbullyinghere,butwhenitoccurswehaveaclearpolicyfordealingwithit.’”，許多學校現在承認欺凌現象的出現，并且會有明確的應對措施。可判斷出本段主要提到了學校對欺凌事件的態度變化。選項V符合題意。

4.根據SectionD第一句“Threefactorsareinvolvedinthischange.”，可知本段主要對學校態度轉變的原因進行了解釋，此句為中心句。可判斷出此段的主要內容為導致學校采取新的應對方法的原因，選項Ⅶ符合題意。

5.單選題

Massivechangesinalloftheworld'sdeeplycherishedspoilinghabitsareunderway.Whetherit'soneofLondon'sparksfullofpeopleplayingsoftball,andRussianstakinguprugby,ortheSuperbowlrivalingtheBritishFootballCupFinalasatelevisedspectatoreventinBritain,thepatternsofplayersandspectatorsarechangingbeyondrecognition.Wearewitnessingaglobalizationofourspoilingculture.

Thatannualbicyclerace,theTourdeFrance,muchlovedbytheFrenchisagoodcaseinpoint.JustafewyearsbackitwasastrictlycontinentalaffairwithFrance,BelgiumandHolland,SpainandItalytakingpart.ButinrecentyearsithasbeendominatedbyColombianmountainclimbers,andAmericanandIrishriders.Thepeoplewhoreallymatterwelcometheshifttowardglobalization.Peugeot,MichelinandPanasonicaremulti-nationalcorporationsthatwantworldwidereturnsforthemillionstheyinvestinteams.Soitdoesthemliterallyaworldofgoodtoseethisunofficialworldchampionshipbecomejustthat.Thisisundoubtedlyaneconomic-basedrevolutionwearewitnessinghere,onemadepossiblebycommunicationstechnology,blitmadetohappenbecauseofmarketingconsiderations.SellthegameandyoucansellCocaColaorBudweiseraswell.

TheskillfulwayinwhichAmericanfootballhasbeensoldtoEuropeisagoodexampleofhowallsportswilldevelop.Theaimofcourseisnotreallytospreadthesportforitsownsake,buttoincreasethenumberofpeopleinterestedinthemajormoneymakingevents.TheeconomicsoftheSuperbowlarealreadyastronomical.WilliscatsatUS$125,gatereceiptsalongwereastaggering$10,000,000.Themostimportantstatisticoftheday,however,wasthe$100,000,000inTVadvertisingfees.Imaginehowmuchthatbecomeswhentheeyesoftheworldarewatching.

Soitcameasaterribleshock,butnotreallyasasurprise,tolearnthatsomepeoplearenowsuggestingthatsoccerchangefrombeingagameoftwo45-minutchalves,tooneoffour25-minutequarters.Theideaisunashamedlytocapturemoreadvertisingrevenue,withoutgivinganythoughtfortheintegrityofasportwhichrelicsforitsessenceontheflowingnatureoftheaction.

Moreover,assportsexpandintoworldmarkets,andasourchoiceofsportsasconsumersalsogrows,sowewilldemandtoseethattheyplayatahigherandhigherlevel.Inboxingwehavealreadyseennumerous,dubiousworldtitlecategoriesbecausepeoplewillnotpaytoseeanythinglessthana“WorldTitle”fight,andthismeansthatthetitlefightshavetobeheldindifferentcountriesaroundtheworld!

1.Globalizationofsportingculturemeansthat（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTrelatedtothemassivechanges?

3.Asisusedinthepassage,"globalization"comesclosestinmeaningto

（

）.

4.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthesuggestiontochangesoccerintooneoffour25-minutequarters?

5.Whyshouldthetitlefightsinboxingbeheldindifferentcountriesoftheworld?

問題1選項

A.morepeoplearetakingupsports.

B.traditionalspoilsaregettingpopular.

C.manylocalsportsarebecominginternational.

D.foreignersaremoreinterestedinlocalsports.

問題2選項

A.Goodeconomicreturns.

B.Revivaloftraditionalgames.

C.Communicationstechnology

D.Marketingstrategies.

問題3選項

A.‘‘commercialization’’

B.“westernization”

C.“speculation”

D.“standardization”

問題4選項

A.Favorable.

B.Unclear.

C.Reserved.

D.Critical.

問題5選項

A.Becausetheyareveryexciting.

B.Becausepeopledonotwanttopaytoseethem.

C.Becausepeoplewanttoseethemostexcitinggames.

D.Becausetheyarelessexciting

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題目問的是“運動文化全球化的含義是……”。文章第一段最后一句提到“我們正在目睹一場體育文化的全球化過程”（Wearewitnessingaglobalizationofourspoilingculture）。接下來舉了自行車競賽（bicyclerace）的例子，提到自行車競賽開始是在法國、比利時、荷蘭、西班牙和意大利受歡迎，最近幾年又受到了哥倫比亞的登山者，美國和愛爾蘭的騎手的青睞，由此可以看出這項本來只在當地流行的運動走向了國際，選項C符合題意。

2.細節事實題。題目問的是“下列哪項與巨大的變化（全球化）無關”。文章第二段提到標致、米其林和松下這些跨國企業，他們在團隊上投入了數百萬美元，期望獲得全球回報，所以選項A與全球化有關，排除；該段還提到我們正在見證一場以經濟為基礎、一場由通信技術促成的革命（Thisisundoubtedlyaneconomic-basedrevolutionwearewitnessinghere,onemadepossiblebycommunicationstechnology），由此選項C“通信技術”可以排除；該段最后一句話提到“推銷比賽，你同時也在推銷可口可樂或者百威啤酒”（SellthegameandyoucansellCocaColaorBudweiseraswell）。綜上，選項B符合題意。

3.詞義題。題目問的是“文章中的‘全球化’與哪個詞意思最接近”。文章第二段提到各大跨國公司投資體育賽事都是為了獲得全球的經濟回報（Peugeot,MichelinandPanasonicaremulti-nationalcorporationsthatwantworldwidereturnsforthemillionstheyinvestinteams），以及提到賣體育賽事也同時在做各種產品的推廣；文章第三段提到美國橄欖球推廣到歐洲并不是想推廣這項運動，而是為了增加對觀眾人數，增加商人們的利益（Theaimofcourseisnotreallytospreadthesportforitsownsake,buttoincreasethenumberofpeopleinterestedinthemajormoneymakingevents.TheeconomicsoftheSuperbowlarealreadyastronomical），由此可以看出，“全球化”相當于“商業化”，選項A符合題意

4.觀點態度題。題目問的是“作者對將足球比賽的時間改成4個25分鐘的建議持什么態度”。文章倒數第二段提到“這種想法是無恥的，目的是為了獲得更多的廣告收入，而不考慮這項運動的完整性”（Theideaisunashamedlytocapturemoreadvertisingrevenue,withoutgivinganythoughtfortheintegrityofasportwhichrelicsforitsessenceontheflowingnatureoftheaction），由此可以看出作者對這個想法是持批評態度的，選項D符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。題目問的是“為什么拳擊比賽要在全世界各國舉行”。文章最后一段舉了拳擊的例子是為了說明“隨著體育運動項目進入世界市場，我們作為消費者的需求也在不斷變化，我們需要觀看高水平的比賽”（Moreover,assportsexpandintoworldmarkets,andasourchoiceofsportsasconsumersalsogrows,sowewilldemandtoseethattheyplayatahigherandhigherlevel），因此選項C符合題意。

6.單選題

BillClintonprojectedan（

）personalityinthe1992campaign,butthatwasnothisonlyadvantageoverBushandanindependentcandidate,RossPerot.

問題1選項

A.informal

B.exaggerative

C.affluent

D.effervescent

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。informal“非正式的”；exaggerative“夸張的”；affluent“富裕的；流暢的”；effervescent“活躍的”。句意：比爾?克林頓（美國前總統）在1992年的競選中表現出活躍的個性，但這不是他相對于布什和獨立候選人羅斯?佩羅的唯一優勢。只有D項可以形容personality。

7.單選題

Yesterdayafternoonamultitudeofpeopleattendedthefundraisingpresentationinthemall

問題1選項

A.smallnumber

B.specialgroup

C.hugecrowd

D.youthfulteam

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。amultitudeof許多的，大批的。只有C項“hugecrowd大群人”正確。句意：昨天下午，許多人參加了在商場舉行的募捐活動。

8.單選題

Althoughcatscannotseeincompletedarkness,theireyesaremuchmore（）tolightthanarehumaneyes.

問題1選項

A.glowing

B.brilliant

C.sensitive

D.gloomy

【答案】C

【解析】句意:盡管貓在完全黑暗的環境中看不到任何東西，但是相比人類的眼睛，它們的眼晴對光卻更加敏感。

考查形容詞辨析。glowing熱烈贊揚的，熱情洋溢的;brilliant閃耀的，杰出的，精彩的；sensitive體貼的，體恤的，善解人意的，感覺敏銳的；gloomy黑暗的，沮喪的，陰郁的。由轉折對比提示詞Although(盡管)可知C符合句意。

9.單選題

Children’sliteraturetracesitsbeginningstopreliteratetimes,whenancientstorytellerspassagetalesandlegendsfromgenerationtogenerationintheoraltradition.WilliamCaxton,whoestablishedEngland’sfirstprintingpress,publishedbooksofetiquette,fablesandlegends.However,thesedidn’tconstituteabodyofworkthatcouldbeconsideredliteratureforchildren.Becausechildrenatthattimewereconsidered“miniatureadults”,booksweredidacticinnature.Thecontentforyoungreadersconsistedmainlyofreligiousinstruction,rulesofbehavior,ethicalmessages,andmoralplatitudes.In1744EnglishmanJohnNewberrychangedchildren’spublishingwhenhebegantocreatebookswithattractiveformats,qualityillustrations,andsturdybindings,whichweredesignedprimarilyforchildrentoenjoy.Theoldest,andmostprestigiousawardgivenforchildren’sbookspublishedinAmerica,istheNewberryMedal.

Inthefollowingcentury,children’sliteraturebegantobloom.HansChristianAndersenwrotewonderfulstorieslike“TheUglyDuckling”,and“TheLittleMermaid”,andGrimmbrotherscollectedtwovolumesofGermanfolktalesthatincludedstoriessuchas“SnowWhite”and“RumpelstiltskinChildhoodcametoberecognizedasajoyfulandcarefreeperiodoflife,andbookscelebratingitbegantobepublished,CharlesDodgson(LewisCarrol)wrotethefantast“AliceinWonderland”,thefirstbookthatwasintendedpurelyforchildren’senjoymentwithoutanypretenseofinstruction.EdwardsLear’sbooksofnonsensepoetrydelightedbothyoungandoldreaders.InNorthAmerica,booksforayoungaudiencewerebecomingpopularaswell.KateDouglasWigginwrote“RebeccaofSunnybrookFram”,LouisaMayAlcottwrote“LittleWomen’’,andSamuelClemens(MarkTwain)createdTomSawyerandHuckleberryFinn.Bytheendofthecentury,thepiousandmoralisticbooksofearliertimeshadbeenreplacedbywritingdesignedtoamuseandentertainayoungaudience.Inthe1800scolorprintingwasintroduced,andbythemiddleofthe19thcentury,theroughillustrationsthatcharacterizedearlierchildren’sbookshadbeenreplacedbyworksofartthatcapturedthewordandsomeofthestory.

1.Accordingtothepassage,theearlybooksofetiquette,fables,andlegendscouldnotreallybeconsideredchildren’sliteraturebecause（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,whatchangedchildren’spublishingin1744?

3.Theword“sturdy”inline11isclosestinmeaningto（

）.

4.Whatdoestheauthormeanbythestatement“children’sliteraturebegantobloom”inline15?

5.Accordingtothepassage“AliceinWonderland”wasanexampleof（

）.

6.Theword“characterized”inline32isclosestinmeaningto（

）.

7.Whatimpactdidcolorprintinghaveonchildren’sbooks?

問題1選項

A.thechildrencouldn’treadthem

B.theearlybooksweretooheavyforchildrentouse

C.thestoriesweretoodifficultforchildrentoappreciate

D.thestorieswereforeducationratherthanenjoyment

問題2選項

A.theNewberryMedal

B.somebooksbegantobeproducedmainlyforchildrentoenjoy

C.somebookshadattractiveformat,qualityillustrations,andsturdybindings

D.somebooksnolongercontainedreligiousinstruction,rulesofbehavior,ethicalmessages,

問題3選項

A.robust

B.ornate

C.soft

D.hard

問題4選項

A.qualityillustrationsandattractiveformatsmadebooksmoreappealing.

B.illustrationsoftenincludedflowers.

C.Children’sliteraturebecamemorevariedandattractive.

D.Children’sliteraturebecamemorenumerousandpopular.

問題5選項

A.afantasystory

B.aGermanfolktale

C.abookcelebratingchildhood

D.abookofinstruction

問題6選項

A.rejected

B.described

C.devalued

D.amused

問題7選項

A.salesincreasedbythemiddleofthe19thcentury

B.roughillustrationswerenowmoreappealing

C.illustrationstoldmoreofthestoryandweremoreappealing

D.booksbecamemoreamusing

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:A

第6題:B

第7題:C

【解析】1.細節判斷題。文章第一段提到“...thesedidn’tconstituteabodyofworkthatcouldbeconsideredliteratureforchildren.”后面由because引導的句子解釋原因，當時孩子被看作“小大人”，因此書籍本質上以說教為主。直到1744年英國人JohnNewbeny才出版了以娛樂為目的的兒童書籍。D選項正確。

2.細節判斷題。A“NewberryMedal”并不是1744年發生的改變，排除。C符合文章意義，但是C項是B項的具體措施，目的是為了實現B的改變。所以答案為B。D項在文章沒有提及，排除

3.詞義推測題。此處“bindings”意為裝訂。后文提及書籍主要用于讓孩子享受閱讀，因此必須是很穩固的裝訂，可以讓孩子們一讀再讀。B“華麗的”、C“柔軟”以及D“堅硬”明顯與上下文不符。所以B選項‘穩固‘正確。

4.語義理解題。文章第二段開頭“...children’sliteraturebegantobloom.",緊接著下文中描述了眾多作家開始開創多種新的兒童文學體裁，并且廣受好評。因此判斷D選項‘兒童文學越來越多，越來越受歡迎‘符合文意。

5.細節判斷題。“AliceinWonderland”作為前文“thefantast”的定語。此處thefantasy意為“n.幻想小說”。所以A選項正確。B“德國民間故事”的作者是格林兄弟，代表作是白雪公主。C和D與文章意思不符。

6.詞義推測題。文章中“...theroughillustrations”后接由that引導的定語從句，修飾“theroughillustrations”。由前文可以得知，簡單粗糙的插畫是早期兒童書籍的特色。因此，A“拒絕”、C“低估的”和D“使發笑的”不符合文意，排除，B選項“描述的”符合題意。

7.語義推理題。文章并沒有提19世紀兒童書籍的銷量，A選項排除。19世紀中期，兒童書籍用文字講述故事取代了早期粗糙插畫的形式，與B項內容意思相反，B選項排除。18世紀末，兒童書籍以取悅年輕讀者為主要目的，因此這并不是彩印出現的影響，D選項排除。所以為C選項‘插圖講述了更多的故事，也更吸引人‘正確。

10.單選題

AgreementmadebythePresidentwithothercountries（

）

theapprovalofthesenate.

問題1選項

A.issubjectedto

B.issubjectto

C.drawsout

D.substitutefor

【答案】A

【解析】短語辨析。句意:總統和別的國家所簽訂的協議要受到議會的批準。

besubjectedto受到...;經受...。besubjectto受支配,從屬于;常遭受有...傾向的。drawout取出；擬訂。substitutefor代替，取代。

11.單選題

Increased（）canreleasetheworkersforothertasks.

問題1選項

A.efficiency

B.effect

C.effectiveness

D.effort

【答案】A

【解析】句意：提高工作效率可以使工人們有更多的時間做其他的任務。選項A符合語境。

12.單選題

Toomuch（）toX-rayscancauseskinburnscancerorotherdamagetothebody.

問題1選項

A.disclosure

B.exhibition

C.contact

D.exposure

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項disclosure“披露，揭發”；B選項exhibition“展覽，顯示”；C選項contact“接觸”；D選項exposure“暴露”。句意：過多地暴露在X光下會導致皮膚灼傷、產生癌癥或造成其他身體上的損傷。選項D符合句意。

13.單選題

Ourjourneywasslowbecausethetrainstopped（

）atdifferentvillages.

問題1選項

A.constantly

B.continually

C.continuously

D.gradually

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項constantly“不斷地，時常地”，側重于事件發生的穩定性和持續性以及經久不變的狀態；B選項continually“不停地，持續地，頻繁地”，側重于一段時間內多次發生、時斷時續或中斷時間很短而又接連發生的狀態；C選項continuously“連續不斷地”，側重在時間、物質或廣度上沒有間斷的；D選項gradually“逐步地，漸漸地”。由“我們的行程很慢，因為火車_____在不同的村中停靠”可知這種停靠是在“我們的行程中”發生的，是在一段時間內發生的，因此B選項符合語境。句意：我們的行程很慢，因為火車頻繁地在不同的村中停靠。

14.單選題

Thisistheseventhyear___thatthey’vewonthecup.

問題1選項

A.insubstance

B.insuccession

C.insuspension

D.insequence

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項insubstance“實質上；基本上；事實上”；B選項“接連地；連續地”；C選項insuspension“懸浮中”；D選項insequence“依次；逐一”。句意：這是他們___第七年獲得冠軍。本句表達“連續第七年”，因此B選項正確。

15.填空題

Eachmanisateverymomentsubjected（1）severaldifferentsetsoflawbutthereisonlyoneofthesewhichheisfree

（2）

disobey.Asabody,heissubjectedtogravitationand

（3）

disobeyit;ifyouleavehimunsupportedinmid-air,hehasnomorechoiceaboutfalling

（4）

astonehas.Asanorganism,heissubjectedtovariousbiologicallawswhichhecannotdisobeyanymorethan

（5）

animalcan.Thisis,hecannotdisobeythoselawswhichheshares

（6）

otherthings;butthelawwhichispeculiar

（7）

hishumannature,thelawhedoesnotsharewithanimalsorvegetablesorinorganicthings,istheonehecandisobey

（8）

hechooses.

Thislawwas

（9）

theLawofNaturebecausepeoplethoughtthateveryoneknewitbynatureanddidnotneedtobetaught

（10）

.Theydidnotmean,ofcourse,thatyoumightnotfindanoddindividualhereandthere

（11）

didnotknowit,justasyoufindafewpeoplewhoarecolor-blindorhave

（12）

earforatune.Buttakingtheraceasa

（13）

,theythoughtthatthehumanideaofdecentbehaviorwasobvioustoeveryone.Therehave

（14）

differencesbetweenpeople’smoralitiesindifferentcivilizationsandages,

（15）

thesehaveneveramounted

（16）anythinglikeatotaldifference.Menhavedifferedasregardswhatpeople

（17）

oughttobeunselfishto,whetheritwasonlyyourownfamily,oryourfellowcountrymen,oreveryone,buttheyhavealwaysagreedthatyouought

（18）

toputyourselffirst.Menhavedifferedastowhetheryoushouldhave

（19）

wifeorfour,buttheyhavealways

（20）

thatyoumustnotsimplyhaveanywomanyouliked.

【答案】1.考查介詞搭配。besubjectedto意為“服從于……，受限于……”。

試題答案：to

2.考查介詞搭配。根據句中的but可知句子前后表示轉折。befreeto意為“不受約束”，與前面句意進行對比。

試題答案：to

3.考查上下文語義。根據后面的“hehasnomorechoice...hecannotdisobey”可知他不能違抗重力。

試題答案：cannot

4.考查比較級。根據前面的“hasnomorechoice”可知此處是將人類與石頭進行比較。than意為“與……比較”。

試題答案：than

5.考查不定冠詞。“a/an+單數可數名詞”表示類別，a用在輔音音素開頭的單數可數名詞前；an則用在元音因素開頭的單數可數名詞前。

試題答案：an

6.考查介詞搭配。sharewith意為“與…分享”，與后面的“hedoesnotsharewithanimals”相對應。

試題答案：with

7.考查介詞搭配。bepeculiarto意為“為…所獨有的”。

試題答案：to

8.考查連詞。根據空格前“theonehecandisobey”與空格后“hechooses”可知此處表示條件關系，用連詞if。

試題答案：if

9.考查上下文語義。這個法則被稱為自然法則，用call的過去分詞called。

試題答案：called

10.考查代詞。根據前面的“everyoneknewit”可知此處表示不需要被教它，填it。

試題答案：it

11.考查關系代詞。從句中缺少主語且先行詞“anoddindividual（一個古怪的人）”指人，因此填who。

試題答案：who

12.考查上下文語義。根據前面的“whoarecolor-blind（色盲）”和空格前的“or”連接兩個并列的成分。havenoearfor意為“對……沒有欣賞能力”，與color-blind相對應。

試題答案：no

13.考查固定搭配。asawhole意為“整體而言”。此處表示“就這個種族整體而言”。

試題答案：whole

14.考查時態。根據后面的“haveneveramounted”可知此處應該用現在完成時，be的過去分詞為been。

試題答案：been

15.考查連詞。根據前面的difference與后面的havenever可知此處表示轉折關系，用連詞but。

試題答案：but

16.考查介詞搭配。amountto意為“發展成為；共計”。

試題答案：to

17.考查上下文語義。根據后面的youought可知此處填對應的代詞you。

試題答案：you

18.考查上下文語義。根據句子開頭的轉折連詞but，但你不應該把自己放在第一位，因此填表示否定的副詞not。

試題答案：not

19.考查上下文語義。根據后面的four可知此處為數詞，wife為單數形式，因此填數詞one。

試題答案：one

20.考查上下文語義。根據第18空前面的buttheyhavealwaysagreedthat可知此處填agreed，與其相對應。

試題答案：agreed

16.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.

WhileitistruethatAmericansbelievethatclimbingtheeducationalladderleadstosuccess,theyarelesscertainthatintellectualachievement,whichisthemainpurposeoftheschools,istheonlyimportantfactorleadingtosuccess.Acompetitive-evenaggressive-personalityisseenasimportanttosuccess,especiallyinmen.Thedevelopmentofsocialandpoliticalskillsarealsoconsideredtobeveryimportant.

TohelpAmericanstodeveloptheseotherimportantskills,schoolshaveaddedalargenumberofextracurricularactivitiestodailylifeatschool.Thisisespeciallytrueofhighschoolsandcollegesbutextendsdownintoelementaryschoolsaswell.

Athletics,frequentlycalled"competitivesports",areperhapsthemostimportantoftheseactivities.Football,basketball,andbaseballteamsareseenasveryimportantinstudents,particularlyboys,the"winningspirit".Attimes,athleticteamsseemtobecomemoreimportanttosomestudentsandtheirparentsthanacademicprogramsofferedbytheschools.

【答案】盡管美國人的確認為教育是通向成功的階梯，但他們并不確定，作為學校教育主要目的的知識成就是通向成功的唯一重要因素。人們認為爭強好勝甚至帶有侵略性的個性，對取得成功很重要，特別是對男人而言。社交能力和政治技能的培養也非常重要。

為了幫助美國人培養這些另外的重要技能，學校在日常生活中增加了大量課外活動。高中和大學尤其如此，而且也延伸到了小學。

田徑運動，常被稱為“競技體育”，可能是這些活動中最重要的。足球、籃球和棒球隊對學生，尤其是男生來說，被視為非常重要的“求勝精神”。有時，對于一些學生和家長來說，運動隊似乎比學校提供的學術課程更為重要。

17.單選題

Themobwas（）bythefieryspeechandthentheymarcheddownthemainstreet,andsetmanyChinesestoresonfire.

問題1選項

A.wakened

B.aroused

C.inspired

D.agitated

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A:wake“喚醒”；B:arouse“引起，喚醒”；C:inspire“鼓舞，激發”；D:agitate“動搖，煽動，使激動”。句意：暴民被激烈的演說煽動，紛紛走上街頭，把很多中國的商店點著了。根據句意和關鍵詞：暴民、激烈的演說可知D為正確答案。

18.單選題

Icouldn'tsleepbecausethetapinthebathroomwas______.

問題1選項

A.draining

B.dropping

C.spilling

D.dripping

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。drain“排水；流干”；drop“落下”；spill“溢出”；drip“使滴下；溢出”。句意：浴室的水龍頭一直在滴水，使我無法入睡。因此D選項符合題意。

19.單選題

Plato-whomayhaveunderstoodbetterwhatformsthemindofmanthandosomeofourcontemporarieswhowanttheirchildrenexposedonlyto“real”peopleandeverydayevents-knewwhatintellectualexperiencesmakefortruehumanity.Hesuggestedthatthefuturecitizensofhisidealrepublicbegintheirliteraryeducationwiththetellingofmyths,ratherthanwithmerefactsorso-calledrationalteachings.EvenAristotle,maste