2021/r/n年/r/n全國/r/n各地/r/n中/r/n考/r/n題/r/n分類/r/n匯編/r/n之

文言文/r/n閱讀/r/n【安徽省】/r/n（16/r/n分）/r/n［甲］/r/n自/r/n三:/r/n峽七百里中兩岸連山,略無/r/n闕處/r/n。/r/n重巖疊/r/n峰,/r/n隱天蔽日,/r/n自非亭午/r/n夜分,/r/n不見曦月/r/n。/r/n至/r/n于/r/n夏水/r/n襄陵,沿/r/n溯/r/n阻絕。/r/n或/r/n王命急/r/n宣,有/r/n時朝發白帝,暮/r/n到/r/n江陵,/r/n其/r/n間/r/n千二/r/n百里，雖乘奔御風/r/n,不以/r/n疾也。/r/n（節/r/n選自酈道元/r/n（三峽?）/r/n［乙］/r/n二十/r/n六日，發大溪口,入瞿塘峽。/r/n兩壁對聳,上入霄漢,其/r/n平/r/n如削成/r/n。/r/n仰視/r/n天，如匹練/r/n然。/r/n水/r/n已落,/r/n峽/r/n中平/r/n如/r/n油/r/n盎/r/n①"。過圣姥泉,蓋石上/r/n一/r/n罅②。/r/n人/r/n大呼/r/n于/r/n旁那么泉/r/n出，/r/n屢呼那么屢出/r/n。/r/n晚至/r/n瞿塘/r/n關,/r/n唐故夔/r/n州,與/r/n白/r/n帝城相連。/r/n關西門/r/n正對瀬瀬堆③。/r/n堆,/r/n碎石積/r/n成，出水/r/n數十/r/n丈。土人云:'’/r/n方/r/n夏秋水漲/r/n時,/r/n水又/r/n髙于/r/n堆數十丈。/r/n"/r/n（節選自陸/r/n游?/r/n入蜀記?）/r/n［注］①油盎:油瓶。/r/n②/r/n罅:裂縫。③灘瀬堆:在/r/n瞿塘/r/n峽口,是/r/n江/r/n心/r/n突出/r/n的巨石。/r/n.請解釋以下加點詞在文中的意思。/r/n（4/r/n分）/r/n（1）/r/n追/r/n溯阻絕 /r/n（2）/r/n不以/r/n疾/r/n也/r/n（3）/r/n發大溪/r/n口 /r/n（4）/r/n仰視/r/n天，/r/n如/r/n匹練然/r/n./r/n請把下面的/r/n句/r/n子/r/n翻譯成現/r/n代漢語。/r/n（6/r/n分）/r/n（1）/r/n自非亭午/r/n夜分,不/r/n見曦月/r/n。 /r/n（2）/r/n人/r/n大呼/r/n于/r/n旁/r/n那么泉出,/r/n屢呼那么屢出。/r/n.［乙］文段寫/r/n出/r/n了江水/r/n相/r/n對于洗瀬/r/n堆在/r/n不同季節/r/n水位/r/n的上下變/r/n化:/r/n作者到瞿塘/r/n關/r/n時,/r/n!/r/n等/r/n到/r/n夏秋水漲/r/n時,/r/n./r/n（2/r/n分）/r/n.［甲］［乙］/r/n兩個/r/n文段/r/n都描寫了三峽的山,畫線并加/r/n色/r/n句/r/n子分/r/n別/r/n突出/r/n了山怎樣的特/r/n點?/r/n請簡要/r/n分析。/r/n（4/r/n分）/r/n（1）/r/n順流而下/r/n（2）/r/n迅速,快/r/n（3）/r/n出發/r/n（4）/r/n好似/r/n……/r/n的樣子/r/n（1）/r/n如果不是在正午，就看不到太陽:如果不是在半夜,就看不到月亮。/r/n（2）/r/n有人在圣姥泉旁大聲喊叫，就會有泉水流出,（人們）屢次喊叫（泉水）就會屢次流出。/r/n15,/r/n江水低于瀰涌堆（數十丈） 江水高于海涌堆（數十丈）/r/n16/r/n.甲文畫線句子突出了山綿延的特點,從文中所描寫的兩岸群山連綿數百里、沒有缺口可以看出。乙文畫線句子突出了山高峻的特點,從文中所描寫的兩岸懸崖峭壁聳人云霄可以看出。/r/n【北京市】/r/n（三）閱讀兩篇/r/n短文,完成/r/n10-12/r/n題。（共/r/n8/r/n分）/r/n孫權勸學/r/n?資治通/r/n鑒?/r/n初,/r/n權謂呂/r/n蒙日:“/r/n卿/r/n今/r/n當涂/r/n學/r/n事，不可不學!”/r/n蒙辭以軍中多務。/r/n權/r/n日:/r/n“/r/n孤/r/n豈欲卿/r/n治經為博士邪!/r/n但當涉獵，/r/n見/r/n往事耳/r/n。卿言/r/n多務,/r/n孰假設孤?孤/r/n常/r/n讀書,自/r/n以/r/n為大有所益。"蒙/r/n乃始/r/n就學。/r/n及魯/r/n肅過尋陽,與蒙/r/n論議,/r/n大驚日:/r/n“卿/r/n今/r/n者才略，非復吳下阿蒙！"蒙日：“土別三日，即/r/n更/r/n刮目相待，/r/n大兄/r/n何見/r/n事之晚乎/r/n!"/r/n肅遂拜蒙/r/n母,/r/n結友而別。/r/n誡子書/r/n諸葛亮/r/n夫君子之行,/r/n靜以修身,/r/n儉以養德。非/r/n淡泊/r/n無以明志,非寧靜無/r/n以/r/n致遠。夫學須靜也,才須學也,/r/n非學/r/n無/r/n以/r/n廣/r/nオ,非志/r/n無/r/n以成學/r/n。/r/n淫/r/n慢那么/r/n不能勵精，/r/n險/r/n躁那么不能治性。年與時馳，意與日/r/n去，/r/n遂/r/n成枯落，/r/n多不接世，悲守窮廬,將復何/r/n及!/r/n./r/n以下選項中加點字的意思都相同的ー項為哪ー項/r/n（2/r/n分）/r/n旗學/r/n一蹴/r/n而秋:/r/n旗事論事/r/n功成名胡/r/n別/r/n別來無恙/r/n久則重逢/r/n依依惜別/r/n竄遠/r/n勤勞裝富/r/n閑情逸然/r/n學以筑/r/n用/r/n去/r/n去國懷鄉/r/n相去甚遠/r/n去粗取精/r/n./r/n以下對文中/r/n畫/r/n線句的翻譯和/r/n理解，/r/n全都/r/n正確/r/n的ー項為/r/n哪ー項/r/n（2/r/n分）/r/n【甲】/r/n但當/r/n涉獵，/r/n見往事耳。/r/n翻譯:只是應當廣/r/n泛地/r/n閱讀,/r/n了解/r/nー/r/n些歷史事件。/r/n理解:/r/n孫權認為呂蒙閱讀面窄，建議他在學習經學之外，/r/n還要/r/n學點歷史。/r/n【乙】/r/n大兄/r/n何見/r/n事之晚乎!/r/n翻譯:兄長怎么/r/n這么晚/r/n才知/r/n道/r/n這件事/r/n呢!/r/n理解:/r/n魯肅很/r/n晩/r/n才知/r/n道/r/n呂蒙有/r/n管理/r/nオ/r/n干，呂蒙對/r/n此/r/n感到很失望。/r/n【丙】/r/n非學無/r/n以廣/r/n才,/r/n非志無/r/n以成學。/r/n翻譯:不學習就無法增長オ/r/n干，不定/r/n下/r/n志向就無/r/n法學/r/n有/r/n所成。/r/n理解："才"/r/n"學"/r/n"志"/r/n關系緊/r/n密，''才"要依靠學習來增長,/r/n而/r/n學習的效果那么與/r/n“志”/r/n有/r/n關。/r/n.根據兩篇短文及下面/r/n兩那么材料，/r/n在后/r/n面/r/n語段中的/r/n橫線上填/r/n寫恰當的內容。/r/n（4/r/n分）/r/n材料/r/nー/r/n初，/r/n遇①/r/n善治?老子?。/r/n人/r/n有從學者,/r/n遇/r/n不肯教，而/r/n云“/r/n必/r/n領先讀/r/n百遍"。從學者/r/n云：''/r/n苦渴無/r/n日。"/r/n遇言：“當以三余。"或問三余之意,遇/r/n言:“/r/n冬者歲之/r/n余,/r/n夜者/r/n日/r/n之余,陰雨者時之余也。"/r/n（取材于?/r/n三國志/r/n?/r/n魏志/r/n?/r/n王肅傳?裴松之注）/r/n材料/r/n二/r/n予/r/n少時讀書,/r/nー見輒/r/n能誦，雖有強記之/r/nカ,/r/n而/r/n常廢于不/r/n勤。/r/n比/r/n數年來,頗發憤自/r/n懲艾②/r/n,悔/r/n前/r/n所為，而聰明衰耗，殆不/r/n如囊時③/r/n十ー/r/nニ。/r/n故雖然/r/n有/r/n勤苦/r/n之勞，而/r/n常/r/n廢于善忘。/r/n（取材于秦觀?/r/n〈精騎集〉/r/n序?）/r/n注：①/r/n［遇］/r/n指董遇，東漢學者。/r/n②［懲/r/n艾］/r/n懲/r/n治，/r/n懲/r/n戒。/r/n③［囊/r/n時］從/r/n前。/r/n學習過程中總會遇到/r/nー/r/n些/r/n障礙，如呂蒙所提''/r/n—/r/n①/r/n—/r/n"/r/n,/r/n跟/r/n隨/r/n董遇學習的人所說/r/n②/r/n_"/r/n,/r/n都認為自己沒有/r/n足/r/n夠的時/r/n間/r/n來學/r/n習,/r/n這需要人們立志勤學來解決。而諸葛亮告誡兒子要警惕/r/n“年/r/n與時馳，意與/r/n日/r/n去"，/r/n秦觀“悔/r/n前/r/n所為,而聰明衰耗,殆/r/n不/r/n如囊時/r/n十一/r/n二"的經歷,/r/n那/r/n么進ー步提醒人們/r/nー/r/n③/r/nー/r/n。/r/n（三）（共/r/n8/r/n分）/r/n.答案:丙/r/n（2/r/n分）/r/n./r/n答案例如:/r/n①軍中多務②苦渴無日③趁青春年少抓緊時間學習（共/r/n4/r/n分。第①②空,各/r/n1/r/n分;第③空,/r/n2/r/n分）/r/n【福建省】/r/n（二）/r/n閱讀下面的/r/n文言文,/r/n完成/r/n5/r/n?/r/n8/r/n題/r/n（16/r/n分）/r/n王連,字文儀,南陽/r/n人/r/n也。劉璋時入蜀,為梓潼/r/n令,/r/n先主/r/n起事葭萌進軍來南連閉城不降/r/n先主/r/n義之,/r/n不強逼也。/r/n及/r/n成都既/r/n平,/r/n以連為什邠令/r/n,/r/n轉在廣/r/n都,/r/n所居有績。遷司鹽/r/n校尉,/r/n較鹽鐵之利,/r/n利/r/n入/r/n甚/r/n多,/r/n有裨國/r/n用/r/n。/r/n于是用/r/n取/r/n良/r/nオ以為官/r/n屬,假設呂/r/n乂、杜/r/n祺等,終皆至大/r/n官,/r/n自連所拔也。遷蜀郡太守、/r/n興業/r/n將軍,領/r/n“,/r/n鹽府如故?時南.諸郡/r/n不/r/n賓②,諸葛亮將自征之,連/r/n諫以為/r/n“此/r/n不毛之/r/n地，疫瘍/r/n之鄉,不亶/r/n以一國之望，冒險而行”。亮慮諸將才/r/n不及己，/r/n意欲必往,而連言輒懇/r/n至,/r/n故停留者/r/n久之。/r/n含連卒。/r/n子/r/n山嗣，官至江陽太守。/r/n（節選自?三國志?）/r/n［注］①領：/r/n地位/r/n較高的/r/n官/r/n員兼理較低的職務。/r/n②賓：/r/n順服,歸順。/r/n.解釋以下加點詞語的意思。/r/n（3/r/n分）/r/nTOC\o"1-5"\h\z/r/n（1）/r/n于/r/n是/r/n簡取良/r/nオ以/r/n為官屬 簡:/r/n（2）/r/n不寫以/r/n一國/r/n之/r/n望 宜:/r/n（3）/r/n命/r/n在卒 /r/n會:/r/n.以下對文中畫波浪/r/n線/r/n局部的斷/r/n句，/r/n正確的ー項為哪ー項/r/n（3/r/n分）/r/n.把文中畫橫線的句/r/n子翻/r/n譯成現/r/n代/r/n漢語。/r/n（6/r/n分）/r/n（1）/r/n及成都既/r/n平,/r/n以連為什那令。/r/n（3/r/n分）/r/n（2）/r/n利人甚多，有裨國用。/r/n（3/r/n分）/r/n.諸君亮為什么要親自征討南方諸郡?之后,南征行動為什么’‘停留者久之"/r/n?/r/n請結合鏈接材料簡要分析。/r/n（4/r/n分）/r/n【鏈接材料】/r/n受命/r/n以來,/r/n夙夜憂嘆,恐托/r/n付/r/n不/r/n效，/r/n以傷先帝之明，故五月渡瀘,深/r/n入/r/n不毛。（?出師表?）/r/n（二）/r/n（16/r/n分）/r/n（3/r/n分）/r/n（1）/r/n選拔/r/n（2）/r/n應當/r/n（3）/r/n適逢/r/n（3/r/n分）/r/nB/r/n（6/r/n分）/r/n（1）/r/n等到成都平定后，（先主）任命王連做什那縣令。/r/n（2）/r/n利稅收入很多,有助于彌補國家的財政需用。/r/n

/r/n第一/r/n問:/r/n①南方諸郡不服。②認為其他將領的才能/r/n不/r/n如自己。③不辜負先帝托付。/r/n第二/r/n問:/r/n諸葛亮接受王連勸諫/r/n【甘肅武威】/r/n閱讀下面文段,完成題目。/r/n記/r/n承天/r/n寺/r/n夜/r/n游/r/n蘇軾/r/n元豐/r/n六年/r/n十月十二/r/n日夜,解衣/r/n欲睡,月色/r/n入戶,/r/n欣然起行。念無/r/n與為樂/r/n者,遂至承天/r/n寺/r/n尋張懷民。懷民亦/r/n未/r/n寢,/r/n相/r/n與步于中庭。庭下/r/n如/r/n積水空明，水中藻、/r/n存交橫，蓋/r/n竹柏影也。何夜無/r/n月?/r/n何處無竹柏?但少閑人如吾兩/r/n人/r/n者耳。/r/n龍井①題名記/r/n秦觀/r/n元豐/r/n二/r/n年，中秋/r/n后一日，余自/r/n吳興來/r/n杭,東還會稽。龍井有辨オ②大師，/r/n以/r/n書邀余入山。比/r/n出/r/n郭,日/r/n已タ,航湖至/r/n普寧,遇/r/n道人參/r/n寥，問龍井所遣籃/r/n輿③,/r/n那么/r/n曰:“以不/r/n時/r/n至，/r/n去矣。"/r/n是/r/nタ，天/r/n宇開霽/r/n咒林/r/n間月明，可/r/n數/r/n毫發。遂棄舟，/r/n從/r/n參寥/r/n策杖并/r/n湖而行。出雷峰,度南屏。濯/r/n足/r/n于惠因澗,/r/n入靈/r/n石塢,得/r/n支/r/n徑上風篁嶺，憩/r/n于龍井亭，/r/n酌泉據石而飲之。/r/n自/r/n普寧凡經佛寺十五,皆寂不聞/r/n人聲。/r/n道旁廬/r/n舍，/r/n燈火隱顯，草木深郁,流水激激悲鳴,殆/r/n非人/r/n間/r/n之/r/n境。/r/n行二/r/n鼓，/r/n始/r/n至壽圣/r/n院,/r/n謁辨オ于朝音/r/n堂,/r/n明日乃還。/r/n(選/r/n自張岱?西湖/r/n夢/r/n尋?)/r/n【注釋】/r/n①龍/r/n井:/r/n在/r/n今/r/n浙江杭州市西風篁嶺上,原指山泉。②辨/r/nオ:/r/n法號元靜，和/r/n下文/r/n的參寥,也是蘇軾的朋友。③籃輿：竹轎。④霽：雨過/r/n天晴。/r/n./r/n解釋以下/r/n加點/r/n詞。/r/n(1)/r/n@/r/n無與/r/n為樂者/r/n(2)/r/n但/r/n少閑人如吾兩人/r/n者耳/r/n(3)/r/nヒ匕出/r/n郭/r/n(4)/r/n以/r/n不時/r/n至，去矣/r/n./r/n以下加點詞的意/r/n義/r/n和用法相同的ー項為哪一項/r/n(/r/n)/r/nA,/r/n念無與為樂有/r/nA,/r/n念無與為樂有/r/nB./r/n相與步于/r/n中庭/r/nC./r/n以書邀余入山/r/nD./r/n從參/r/n寥/r/n策杖/r/n并/r/n湖加行/r/n刻唐賢/r/n今人/r/n詩賦于/r/n其/r/n上/r/n(?/r/n岳陽/r/n樓/r/n記?)/r/n以其/r/n境過清(?/r/n小石/r/n潭記?)/r/n由/r/n是那/r/n么生卽/r/n有/r/n不用也/r/n(?/r/n孟子/r/n?魚我/r/n所/r/n欲/r/n也?)/r/n./r/n用現代漢語翻譯以下句子。/r/n(1)/r/n庭下如積水空明,水中藻、存交橫，蓋竹柏影也。/r/n(2)/r/n是/r/nタ，/r/n天宇開霽，/r/n林/r/n間月明，/r/n可數/r/n毫發。/r/n./r/n兩文都寫到了月夜美景，/r/n但/r/n要表達的情感不一致，請你簡要分析。/r/n【答案】/r/n16./r/n（1）/r/n考慮,想到。/r/n（2）/r/n只是。/r/n（3）/r/n等到。/r/n（4）/r/n離開。 /r/n17.B/r/n（1）/r/n庭院中的月光宛如積水那樣清澈透明,水藻、水草縱橫交錯,原來是庭院里的竹子/r/n和/r/n松柏的影子。/r/n（2）/r/n這天晚上,/r/n雨/r/n后的天空格外晴朗,樹林間月光很明亮,（甚至連）頭發都能數清。/r/n?記承天寺夜游?表達的感情是微妙而復雜的，貶謫的悲涼，人生的感慨,賞月的欣喜，漫步的悠閑都包含其中。（文章表達蘇軾壯志難酬的苦悶，同時表現曠達樂觀的人生態度。）?龍井題名記?表達作者對此地美景的喜愛之情,抒寫內心的歡愉。/r/n【廣東深圳】/r/n（三）/r/n文言文閱讀。/r/n閱讀下面選文,完成/r/n7~10/r/n題/r/n【甲】/r/n初，權謂目蒙/r/n曰:‘‘/r/n卿今當涂掌事,不可不學!"蒙辭以軍中多務。權曰孤豈欲卿治經 為博士邪!但當涉獵，見往/r/n事耳。卿言多務，孰假設孤?孤常讀書自/r/n以/r/n為大有所益。"蒙乃始 就學。及魯肅過尋陽，與蒙論議,大驚曰:“卿今者/r/n方略,非復吳下阿蒙!’‘蒙曰："士別更刮目相待,大兄何見事之晚/r/n乎！/r/n肅遂拜蒙母,結友而別。/r/n選自?資治通鑒?孫權勸學?/r/n【乙】/r/n初,權謂蒙及/r/n蔣欽/r/n?/r/n/r/n曰：“卿今并當涂掌事,宜學問以自開益。"蒙曰：“在軍中?？喽鄤?恐/r/n不/r/n容復讀書?！皺嘣唬骸肮仑M欲卿治經為博士邪?但當今涉獵見往事耳。卿言多務, 孰假幽/r/nK?/r/n孤如切?辭/r/n書話/r/nヒ己?左傳??國譜惟［談易?。至/r/n?/r/n,諸家兵書，自/r/n以/r/n為大有所益。如卿二人,意性朗悟，學/r/n必/r/n得之，寧當不為/r/n乎?/r/n宜急讀?孫子??/r/n六/r/n韜??左傳??國語?及三史。孔子言'終日不食、終夜不寢以/r/n思，/r/n無益，不如學也。 /r/n）3/r/n?/r/n/r/n當兵馬之務，手不釋卷。/r/n孟德/r/n?/r/n/r/n亦自謂老而好學。/r/n卿何獨不自/r/n勉勖/r/n?/r/n邪?/r/n”/r/n蒙始就學,篤志不倦,其所覽見，舊儒不勝。后魯肅上代周瑜，過蒙言議，陳三策。肅拊蒙背日:“/r/n吾謂大弟但有武略耳至于今者學識英博非復吳下阿蒙/r/n。/r/n"/r/n選自?三國志/r/n?/r/n呂蒙傳/r/n?表/r/n傳?/r/n【主釋】?/r/n六韜??三略?是中國古代重要的軍事著作。后泛指兵書、兵法，是反映中國古代軍事思想的代表作/r/n7/r/n以下選項中,加點詞解釋系相同的ー項/r/n0/r/nA/r/n蒙辭以軍中多務停數日,辭去/r/nB/r/n見/r/n往事耳オ美不外見/r/nC/r/n省三史吾日三/r/n省吾/r/n身/r/nD/r/n宜/r/n乎眾矣/r/n宜/r/n急讀?/r/n孫/r/n子?六韜?左傳?國語?及三史/r/n【答案】/r/nD/r/n【考點】/r/n文言文實詞理解/r/n【解析】/r/nA/r/n辭：推辭、推托/辭別。/r/nB./r/n見：了解/同“現"/r/n，/r/n出現、顯現。/r/nC/r/n知道，了解/自我檢查,反省。/r/nD./r/n都為"應當"之意。/r/n因此/r/nD/r/n項為正確答案。/r/n8/r/n文中劃波浪線的句子斷句正確的ー項的是/r/n（）/r/nA./r/n吾謂大弟但/r/n有/r/n武略/耳至于今者/學識英博/非復吳下阿蒙/r/nB./r/n吾謂大弟但/r/n有/r/n武略耳/至于今者/學識英博/非復吳下阿蒙/r/nC./r/n吾謂大弟但/r/n有/r/n武略耳/至于今者/學識英博非復/吳下阿蒙/r/nD./r/n吾謂大弟但/r/n有/r/n武略/耳至于今者/學識英博非復/吳下阿蒙/r/n【答案】/r/nB/r/n【考點】/r/n文言文斷句/r/n【解析】/r/n此句翻譯：我以前說老弟是一介武夫,只有勇力，但是到了現在，學識也如此淵博 已經不是以前吳的阿蒙啦。/r/n9/r/n請將以下句子翻譯成現代漢語/r/n①卿今當涂學事，不可不學！/r/n【答案】/r/n你現在當權管事務,不可以不學/r/n習！/r/n②蒙始就學,篤志不倦/r/n【答案】/r/n呂蒙于是就開始學習,堅決志向，不知疲倦。/r/n【考點】/r/n文言文重點句子翻譯/r/n10./r/n呂蒙為什么能為魯肅“陳三策"?請結合乙文答復。/r/n【答案】/r/n因為呂蒙通過學習,專心致意，堅決志向，博覽群書，不知疲倦，他所看的書,連 老儒生都/r/n比不/r/n了。因此/r/n呂蒙能為魯肅“陳三/r/n【廣東省】/r/n（一）/r/n閱讀/r/n下面/r/n的文字,完成/r/n7/r/n?/r/n11/r/n題/r/n（19/r/n分）/r/n【甲】/r/n十年春,齊師伐我。公將戰,曹劌請見。/r/n其鄉/r/n人日:“肉食者謀/r/n之,/r/n又何間焉?"劌日:“肉食者鄙未能遠某"/r/n取/r/n見/r/n問‘何/r/n以戰?/r/n"/r/n公日:‘衣食所安，弗敢專也，必以分人。"/r/n對/r/n日：’/r/n勿遮未/r/n遍/r/n民弗從/r/n也/r/nノ/r/n’/r/n公/r/n日:“犧牲玉帛,弗敢/r/n加/r/n也,必以/r/n信。/r/n”/r/n對/r/n日:“小/r/n信/r/n未孚,神弗福也。/r/n"/r/n公/r/n日:“/r/n小大之獄,雖不能察,/r/n必以/r/n情。/r/n"/r/n對/r/n日：“忠遲也?？梢?r/nー/r/n戰。戰那么請從。"/r/n公與之乘,戰于長勺。公將/r/n鼓/r/n之。劌日：“未/r/n可。"/r/n齊人三鼓。/r/n劌/r/n日：“/r/n可/r/n矣。”齊師敗績。/r/n公將/r/n巽/r/nS/r/n。 劌日：/r/n“未/r/n可。"下視其轍，登軾而望之,日：“可矣。"遂逐齊師。/r/n既/r/n克,公問其/r/n故。/r/n對日：“夫戰，勇氣/r/n也。一鼓/r/n作/r/n氣，再/r/n而/r/n衰,/r/n三兩/r/n竭。/r/n彼竭/r/n我/r/n盈,故克之/r/n。夫大國,難測也，懼有傳。吾視其轍亂，望/r/n其/r/n旗靡，故逐之。"/r/n?酬論!胡）/r/n./r/n解釋文中加點詞語的/r/n意思。/r/n（4/r/n分）/r/n（1）/r/n肉食者/r/n鄙/r/n（2）/r/n忠之!/r/n他 /r/n（3）/r/n公將歲次/r/n（4）/r/n懼有備/r/n./r/n把文中/r/n畫/r/n線的句/r/n子翻/r/n譯成現/r/n代/r/n漢語。/r/n（4/r/n分）/r/nリ）/r/n小惠/r/n未/r/n遍，民弗從/r/n也。/r/n（2/r/n分）/r/n（2）/r/n彼竭我/r/n盈,/r/n故克之。/r/n（2/r/n分）/r/n7/r/n【答案】/r/n（1）/r/n淺陋,這里指目光短/r/n淺/r/n（2）/r/n類/r/n（3）/r/n驅車追趕/r/n（4）/r/n埋伏/r/n8/r/n【答案】/r/n（1）/r/n小恩/r/n小惠不能普及（百姓），百姓是/r/n不會/r/n聽從您的。/r/n（2）/r/n敵方的士氣已經枯竭，而我方士氣正旺盛，所以能戰勝他們。/r/n【乙】/r/n諸軍初/r/n鉅頭，/r/n即/r/n欲決戰，/r/n陶侃/r/n日：“賊/r/n眾魂，難與爭鋒,當以歲月，智計破之。"既而屢戰無功,/r/n監軍部將/r/n李根請筑白石壘,/r/n侃/r/n解,/r/n夜筑壘至曉/r/n而/r/n成/r/n聞峻軍嚴聲諸將咸懼其來攻/r/n。孑盅日：“不然/r/n峻/r/n攻壘,必須/r/n東北風急,令我水軍不得/r/n往/r/n救:/r/n今天清/r/n靜,/r/n賊必不來。所以嚴者,必遣/r/n軍出江/r/n乘,掠京口以東矣。"/r/n已而/r/n果然。 侃/r/n使庚/r/n亮以/r/n二千/r/n人/r/n守白石,峻帥步騎/r/n萬余/r/n四面攻之,不/r/n克。（節選/r/n自?資治通/r/n鑒?）/r/n./r/n以下各項中加點詞語意思相同的ー項為哪/r/nー項/r/n（3/r/n分）/r/nA,/r/n諸軍初知/r/n頭/鋼/r/n上/r/n及棘門軍 /r/nB./r/n賊眾雄/范百里/r/nC./r/n侃/r/n忠/隸而那 /r/nD./r/n臓/r/n攻壘/仿/r/n佛癡/r/n.光/r/n.請用/r/n“/"/r/n給文中畫線的句子斷句。/r/n（3/r/n分）/r/n夜/r/n筑壘至曉而/r/n成/r/n聞峻軍/r/n嚴聲諸/r/n將/r/n咸懼其來攻/r/n./r/n請根據/r/n【甲】/r/n【乙】/r/n兩篇選文答復以下問題。/r/n（5/r/n分）/r/n（1）/r/n曹劌與陶侃在指揮作戰方面有哪些共同點?/r/n（3/r/n分）/r/n（2）/r/n李根和孔坦在戰事中各自發揮了什么作用?/r/n（2/r/n分）/r/n9/r/n【答案】/r/nA./r/n10/r/n【答案】/r/n夜/r/n筑壘/至曉而/r/n成//r/n聞峻軍嚴聲/諸將咸懼其/r/n來攻/r/n11/r/n【答案】/r/n（1）/r/n①有卓越的軍事識見,謀慮周密，采用正確的戰略/r/n戰/r/n術;/r/n②謹慎而果斷，能夠/r/n認識到/r/n士/r/n氣/r/n在作戰

/r/n中的重要作用,從而抓住有利的作戰時機。/r/n（2）/r/n①李根:主張修筑白石壘,加強防御工事;②孔坦:明斷戰情,安定軍心,指明作戰方向。/r/n【廣/r/n西貴/r/n港】/r/n（一）文言文閱讀/r/n（9/r/n?/r/n14/r/n小題,/r/n16/r/n分）/r/n岳陽樓記（節選）/r/n①予觀夫巴陵勝狀,在洞庭一湖。銜遠山，吞長江，浩浩湯湯,橫無際涯,朝暉タ陰，氣/r/n象/r/n萬千。此那么岳陽/r/n樓/r/n之大觀也,前人/r/n之述備/r/n矣。然那么北通巫峽，南極瀟湘,遷客騷/r/n人，/r/n多會/r/n于/r/n此，覽物之情,得無異乎?/r/n②假設夫/r/n淫雨/r/n霏霏,連月不開，陰風怒號，濁浪排空，日星隱曜,山岳潛形，商旅不/r/n行，/r/n檣傾楫摧,薄暮冥/r/n冥，/r/n虎嘯猿啼。登斯/r/n樓/r/n也,/r/n那/r/n么有去國/r/n懷鄉，/r/n憂讒畏譏,滿目蕭然,感極而悲者矣。/r/n③至假設春和景明，波瀾不驚,上下天光，一碧萬頃,沙鷗翔集,錦鱗游泳,岸芷汀蘭,郁郁青青。而或長煙/r/nー空,/r/n皓月千里，浮光躍金,靜影沉璧，漁歌互答，此樂何/r/n極!/r/n登斯樓也，那么/r/n有心/r/n曠神怡，寵辱偕忘，把酒臨風,/r/n其/r/n喜洋/r/n洋/r/n者矣。/r/n④嗟/r/n夫!予/r/n嘗求古仁人之/r/n心，/r/n或異二者/r/n之為，/r/n何哉?/r/n不/r/n以/r/n物/r/n喜,不以己悲,居廟堂之高那么憂其民，/r/n處/r/n江湖之遠那么憂其君。是進亦憂，退亦憂。然那么何時而樂耶?其必/r/n日’‘/r/n先天下之憂而憂,后天下/r/n之樂/r/n而樂"乎！噫！微斯/r/n人，/r/n吾誰/r/n與歸?/r/n時/r/n六/r/n年九月十五日。/r/n生于憂患,死于安樂/r/n舜發于吠畝之/r/n中,/r/n傅說舉于版筑之間，膠鬲舉于魚鹽之中，管夷吾舉于/r/n土,/r/n孫叔敖舉于海，百里奚舉于/r/n市，/r/n故天將降大任于斯/r/n人/r/n也，必先苦/r/n其心/r/n志，/r/n勞其/r/n筋骨,餓其體膚,空乏/r/n其/r/n身，/r/n行/r/n拂亂/r/n其/r/n所為，所以動心忍性，曾/r/n益/r/n其所不能。/r/n人/r/n恒過,然后能改;/r/n困/r/n于/r/n心,/r/n衡于慮,而后作;征/r/n于色，/r/n發于聲,而后喻。/r/n入/r/n那么無法家拂/r/n士，/r/n出/r/n那/r/n么無敵國外患者，國恒/r/n亡，/r/n然后知生于憂患而死于安樂也。/r/n./r/n以下句子中加點字的用法和意/r/n義/r/n相同的一項為/r/n哪一項（/r/nA./r/n不/r/n以物喜 /r/n以/r/n刀劈狼/r/n首/r/n（?狼?）/r/nB./r/n居廟堂之高那么憂其民/r/nB./r/n居廟堂之高那么憂其民/r/n得之那么生（?魚我所欲也?）/r/nC./r/n發于聲，而后喻/r/n而安陵以五十里之地存者（?唐雎不辱使命?）/r/nD./r/nC./r/n發于聲，而后喻/r/n而安陵以五十里之地存者（?唐雎不辱使命?）/r/nD./r/n舜發于吠畝之中/r/n皆以/r/n美于/r/n徐/r/n公/r/n（?鄒忌諷齊王納諫?）/r/n./r/n以下句子中加點字的意思不同的項是/r/n（）/r/nA./r/n而或長煙ア空 上下二/r/n白/r/n（?湖心亭看雪?）/r/nB./r/n把酒喳風 岫表涕零（?出師表?/r/nC./r/n衡于慮,而后作/r/nC./r/n衡于慮,而后作/r/n盜竊亂賊而不佇（?大道之行也?）/r/nd./r/n征于年 未/r/n嘗稍降辭/r/n自/r/n，送東陽馬生序?）/r/nH./r/n解釋/r/n以下/r/n句中加點的詞語。/r/n（0/r/n予嘗棗古仁人之心 /r/n求:./r/n（2）/r/n行拂亂其所為 拂:一/r/n

/r/n./r/n用現代漢語翻譯下面的句子。/r/n浮光躍金,靜影沉/r/n壁。/r/n./r/n?/r/n岳陽樓記（節選）?/r/n第/r/n②③段寫“遷客騷人”的悲喜觀,其用意是什么?/r/n.閱讀下面鏈接/r/n材料,/r/n結合?生于憂患,死于安樂?,用自己的話說說兩文的作者分別提出/r/n了/r/n怎樣的治國之道?/r/n【鏈接材料】/r/n凡治國之道，必先富民。民富那么易治也,民貧那么難治也。奚以?知/r/n其/r/n然也?民富那么安鄉重②家，安鄉重家那么敬上畏罪@,敬上畏罪那么易治也。民貧那么危鄉輕家，危鄉輕家那么敢凌上犯禁,凌上犯禁那么難治也。故治國常富,而亂國常貧。是以善為國者,必先富民,然后治之。/r/n（選自?管子/r/n?/r/n治國?/r/n【注/r/n釋】/r/n①奚/r/n以:/r/n即“/r/n以/r/n奚",根據什么。/r/n以,/r/n介詞，根據。奚,何，什么。②重:重視。③敬上畏罪:恭敬君上,畏懼犯罪。敬，恭敬，尊重。上，君上,泛指統治者。罪，犯罪或作惡的行為。/r/n【答案】/r/n9.B/r/n10./r/nC/r/n. /r/n①.探求②.違背/r/n./r/n浮動的月光閃著金色，靜靜的月影像沉在水中的/r/n玉/r/n璧。/r/n.傳達出兩種截然相反的人生情境，/r/n襯/r/n托’’不以物/r/n喜，不/r/n以己悲"的古/r/n仁人/r/n之心，突出作者“先天下之憂而憂,后天下之樂而樂"的愛國情懷。/r/n./r/n?/r/n生于憂患，死于安樂?提出了憂患那么生、安樂那么亡的觀點，［鏈接/r/n材料］/r/n那么提出了治國之道，必先富民的觀點。/r/n【廣/r/n西賀/r/n州】/r/n（-）/r/n文言文閱讀/r/n（13/r/n分，/r/n1/r/n0/r/n?/r/n12/r/n小題,每題/r/n2/r/n分，共/r/n6/r/n分）/r/n【甲】/r/n臣/r/n本/r/n布衣，躬/r/n耕于/r/n南/r/n陽,/r/n茍全性命于亂世，不求聞達于諸侯。先帝不以臣卑劣，猥自枉屈，三顧臣于草廬之中，咨臣以當世之事，/r/n由是感謝,遂許先帝以驅馳/r/n。后值傾覆，受任于敗軍/r/n之際,/r/n奉命于危難之間,爾/r/n來/r/n二十有一年矣。/r/n先帝知臣謹慎,故臨崩寄/r/n臣以/r/n大事也。受命以來,夙夜憂嘆,恐/r/n托付不/r/n效，以傷先帝之明;故五月渡瀘,/r/n深入/r/n不毛。今南方已定,兵甲已足，當獎率三軍,北定中原，庶竭駕鈍，攘除奸兇,興復漢室，還于舊都。此臣所以報先帝而忠陛下之職分也。至/r/n于/r/n斟酌損/r/n益,/r/n進盡忠言,那么攸之、祎、允之任也。/r/n愿陛下托臣以討賊興復之效，/r/n不效,/r/n那么治臣之罪，/r/n以/r/n告先帝之靈。假設無興德之言，那么責攸之、祎、允等之慢，/r/n以/r/n彰其咎:陛下亦宜自謀，以咨眼善道，察納雅言，深追先帝遺詔。臣/r/n不/r/n勝受恩感謝。今當遠離，臨表涕零，不知所言。/r/n（節選自?出師表?）/r/n【乙】/r/n況守①時，府治②被火焚，文卷悉燼。遺火③者，/r/nー/r/n吏也?；鹣ǎ瑳r守出坐礫④場上，/r/n呼吏/r/n痛杖/r/nー/r/n百，喝使歸舍。亟⑤自草奏,ーカ歸罪己躬，更不以累/r/n吏/r/n也。初吏自知當死，況守嘆日：/r/n“/r/n此固太守事也,小吏何足當哉/r/n!/r/n"/r/n奏上，罪止罰俸。公之周旋⑥小吏如此，所以威行而無怨。使以今人處此，即自/r/n己/r/n之罪尚欲推之下人,況肯代人受過乎?公之品，于是不可及/r/n矣!/r/n（選自?智囊?，有刪改）/r/n【注釋】/r/n①況守:況，況鐘，字伯律,南昌/r/n人，/r/n明朝著名廉官。守，做太守。況鐘時任蘇州太守。②府治：府衙。③遺火：因失職造成火災。④礫：小石,碎石。⑤：急速，趕快。⑥周旋：這里是對待的意思。/r/n.以下加點的詞語解釋有誤的ー項為哪ー項/r/n（/r/nA./r/n先帝不以臣卑劣/r/nB./r/n愿陛下托臣以討賊興復之效/r/nC./r/n文卷悉燼/r/nD,/r/n喝使歸舍/r/n）/r/n.以下加點的詞語解釋有誤的ー項為哪ー項/r/n（/r/nA./r/n先帝不以臣卑劣/r/nB./r/n愿陛下托臣以討賊興復之效/r/nC./r/n文卷悉燼/r/nD,/r/n喝使歸舍/r/n）/r/n卑劣：言行惡劣;不道徳/r/n效：成效/r/n.以下加點字的意思和用法相同的ー項為哪一項/r/n（/r/n悉:全，都/r/n舍:房舍，住宅/r/n以/r/n大事也/r/n之明/r/n卷石底/r/n以出/r/n（?小石潭記?）/r/nC/r/n、/r/n所以威行面無怨/r/n予獨愛蓮る出淤泥/r/n而/r/n不染（?愛蓮說?）

/r/n而/r/n山不/r/n加增/r/n（?/r/n愚公移山?）/r/nD./r/n王/r/n是不可及矣 萬鐘王我何加焉（?魚我所欲也?）/r/n.以下對文本的/r/n理解/r/n表述有誤的ー項為哪一項（ /r/n）/r/nA./r/n【甲】/r/n文由敘自己生平而至言伐魏的意義,說明自己“興復漢室,還于舊都"的決心,表達’‘報先帝而忠陛下”的真摯情感。/r/nB./r/n【乙】/r/n文況守“威行而無怨"的原因就是他代替小吏承當火災罪責。/r/nC./r/n【甲】/r/n文諸葛亮追敘先帝的知遇之恩和跟先帝的患難與共的歷程,是想讓劉禪知道創業的艱難,鼓勵他立志完成先帝未竟的大業。/r/nD./r/n【甲】【乙】/r/n兩文都運用了記敘和議論的表達方式,/r/n【甲】/r/n文在人物塑造和/r/n情/r/n節描述上相/r/n比/r/n于/r/n【乙】/r/n文更加具體生動。/r/n.請把第/r/nI/r/n卷/r/n文言文中畫線的句子翻譯成現代漢語。（每題/r/n2/r/n分,共/r/n4/r/n分）/r/n（1）/r/n由/r/n是感謝,遂許先帝以驅馳。/r/n（2/r/n分）/r/n（2）/r/n此固太守事也，小吏何足當哉!/r/n（2/r/n分）/r/n.【甲】【乙】/r/n兩文都表達了責任擔當意識,作為一名中學生，我們怎樣才能擔負起自己肩上的重任?請談談你的看法。/r/n（3/r/n分）/r/n10A 11C 12B/r/n（1）/r/n我因此感奮激發,于是容許為先帝奔波效カ。（“感謝"“許"“驅馳"各/r/n0.5/r/n分，句意/r/n0.5/r/n分）/r/n（2）/r/n這本來就是太守該負的責任，一名小吏怎么能夠承當呢!（“固”“何足"“當"各/r/n0.5/r/n分,句意/r/n0./r/n5/r/n分）/r/n.責任擔當，是/r/nー/r/n種積極進取的人生態度和價值取向。作為中學生應盡心盡責，積極作為,對自己、對他人、對社會、對國家負責,這樣才能擔負起時代賦予的使命。/r/n【貴州安順】/r/n（三）/r/n古代詩文閱讀/r/n貴州/r/n通志（節選/r/n）/r/n0/r/n貴/r/n州,/r/n山川形勝,那么復嶺密箸/r/n②，/r/n迅流急湍,非有平原廣澤之沃衍因也。雖僻在西南一隅,然東楚、西滇、南粵、北蜀,不與外夷接壤,因居然腹里之地也。前代皆羈縻④勿絕,至明始置郡縣。大約山勢峭削，少平原/r/n廣/r/n野之觀,水流急湍,無舟楫灌注之利。師旅官吏之經費,多仰給于鄰境,然大定、南籠扼云南之咽喉,/r/n銅/r/n仁、思州/r/n踞/r/n湖南之腰膂，思南，遵義為四川之輔車⑥,都勻、黎平處粵/r/n西?/r/n之肘腋,少有不靖⑦,不免有震鄰之/r/n虞?,/r/n那么物力雖瘠薄,而形勢固居要害矣。/r/n自有明隆慶時，易程番府為貴陽，遂為省會之首郡。南南籠,西安順,北遵義，東連平越、都勻,地處十三郡之中。而貴山北峙,南明東環，靈秀亦甲于諸郡。/r/n【注釋】/r/n①選自?乾隆貴州通志?,志,是一種史書,②普/r/nqing:/r/n山間的大竹林;③衍:平坦之地。④羈縻/r/nmi:/r/n古代朝廷對地方的籠絡控/r/n制,/r/n⑤輔車:輔為頰/r/n骨，/r/n車為牙床。⑥粵西:即廣西⑦靖:安寧。/r/n⑧/r/n虞:憂患。/r/n.選文中，大定、南籠、思/r/n州、/r/n平越均為古代地名。請根據選文內容判斷,下面示意圖、中/r/nABCD/r/n四個位置，思/r/n州/r/n最可能在/r/n注:圖片僅為示意圖,不是當時的實際地圖。/r/n.請摘錄選文中概述貴州地理位置優勢的兩處文句。/r/n18/r/n以下各組加點詞的意義和用法一致的ー項為哪一項/r/n不敢出一言以復（宋濂?送東陽馬生序?）/r/n率妻子邑人/r/n來/r/n此絕境（陶淵明?桃花源記?）/r/n寒暑易節,始一反焉（?列子/r/n?愚/r/n公移山?）/r/n一老河兵聞之,又笑曰（紀旳?河中石獸?？/r/n（3/r/n分）/r/nD/r/n（4/r/n分）①固居然腹里之地也②形勢固居要害矣/r/n（3/r/n分）/r/nC/r/n【海南省】/r/n（二）/r/n文言文閱讀/r/n（12/r/n分）/r/n閱讀下面文言文選段,按要求完成/r/n8/r/n?/r/n11/r/n題。/r/n（12/r/n分）/r/n【甲】/r/n侍中、侍郎郭攸之、費祎、董允等,此皆良實,志慮忠純,是以先帝簡拔以遺陛下。愚以為宮中之事,事無大小,悉以咨之,然后施行,必能裨補闕漏,有所廣益。/r/n將軍向寵,/r/n性行淑均/r/n,曉暢軍事,試用于昔日,先帝稱之曰能,是以眾議舉寵為督。愚以為營中之事,悉以咨之,必能使/r/n國陣和睦/r/n,優劣得所。/r/n親賢臣,遠小人，此先漢所以興隆也:親小人，遠賢/r/n臣，/r/n此后漢所以傾頹也。先帝在時,每與臣論此事，未嘗不嘆息痛恨于桓、靈也。侍中、尚書、長史、參軍,/r/n此悉貞良死節之臣，/r/n愿陛下親之信之,那么漢室之隆，可計日而待也。/r/n（節選自諸葛亮?出師表?）/r/n【乙】/r/n初,權謂呂蒙曰:“卿今/r/n當涂掌事/r/n,不可不學!”蒙辭以軍中多務。權曰:“孤豈欲卿治經為博士邪!/r/n但當涉/r/n道,見往事耳。卿言多務，孰假設孤?/r/n孤常讀書，自以為大有所益。/r/n"蒙乃始就學。及魯肅過尋陽，與蒙論議，大驚曰:“卿今者才略，非復吳下阿蒙!"蒙曰：“士別三日,即更刮目相待，大兄何見事之晚乎！/r/n"/r/n肅遂拜蒙母，結友而別。/r/n（選自司馬光?孫權勸學?）/r/n.以下加點字注音正確的ー項為哪ー項（ /r/n）/r/n（2/r/n分）/r/n獺/r/n（tu） /r/n的漏/r/n（qu@）/r/n邪/r/n（xi6） D./r/n學拜蒙母/r/n（zhU）/r/n.給以下加點詞語選擇正確的義項。/r/n（4/r/n分）/r/n（1）/r/n①行陣和睦 ②性行淑均/r/n②但當涉獵/r/n（2）/r/n①當涂掌事/r/n②但當涉獵/r/n(1)/r/n此/r/n悉貞良死節之/r/n臣。/r/n(2)/r/n孤/r/n常/r/n讀書,/r/n自以/r/n為大有/r/n所益。/r/n11/r/n.“讀史/r/n可/r/n以/r/n明智”,/r/n請從/r/n兩篇選/r/n文中分/r/n別找出能/r/n表/r/n達這ー觀/r/n點的/r/n句子。/r/n(2/r/n分)/r/n答案:/r/n(1)/r/nB/r/n(2)①/r/nD/r/n②/r/nB；/r/n①/r/nC/r/n②/r/nA/r/n(3)/r/n①這些都是忠正賢明、能/r/n以/r/n死報國的大臣。/r/n②我經常讀書,自認為大有好處。/r/n(4)/r/n?出師/r/n表?:/r/n親賢臣,遠小人,此先漢所以/r/n興/r/n隆也;親小人,遠賢/r/n臣,/r/n此后漢所以傾頹也。先帝在時,每與/r/n臣/r/n論此事,未嘗不嘆息痛恨于桓、靈也。/r/n?/r/n孫權勸/r/n學?：/r/n但當涉獵，見往事耳。/r/n【河南省】/r/n閱讀?/r/n出師/r/n表?/r/n(節選)，完成下面小題。/r/n臣/r/n本/r/n布衣，/r/n躬耕/r/n于南/r/n陽,/r/n茍/r/n全性/r/n命/r/n于/r/n亂世，不求聞/r/n達于諸/r/n侯。先帝/r/n不/r/n以/r/n臣/r/n卑劣，/r/n猥/r/n自枉屈，/r/n三顧臣于草廬之/r/n中,/r/n咨臣以/r/n當世/r/n之/r/n事，由/r/n是感謝,遂け/r/n先帝/r/n以/r/n驅馳。后值傾覆，/r/n受任/r/n于敗軍/r/n之際，/r/n奉/r/n命/r/n于/r/n危難之間，/r/n爾/r/n來二十/r/n有/r/n一年/r/n矣。/r/n先帝/r/n知臣/r/n謹慎,/r/n故臨崩寄臣/r/n以/r/n大事也。受命/r/n以來，/r/n夙夜憂嘆，/r/n恐托/r/n付不效，/r/n以傷/r/n先帝/r/n之/r/n明,/r/n故五月/r/n渡瀘,深入/r/n不毛。/r/n今/r/n南方已/r/n定,/r/n兵/r/n甲/r/n已/r/n足,當獎率/r/n三軍，北/r/n定中原,庶承鴛鈍，/r/n擺/r/n除奸/r/n兇，興復漢室，還于舊都。/r/n此臣/r/n所以報先帝/r/n而忠陛下/r/n之職分/r/n也。/r/n至于/r/n斟酌損/r/n裁，/r/n進盡忠言，那么攸/r/n之、祎、/r/n允之/r/n任也。/r/n14./r/n以下選項中加點詞語意思/r/n都/r/n相同的ー項為哪一項/r/n()/r/nA./r/n三顧臣于草廬之中/r/n日侍坐備拳課/r/n奮不顧身/r/nB./r/n遂や先帝以驅馳/r/n潭中魚可百件頭/r/n以身存國/r/nC./r/n庶車駕鈍/r/n再而衰,三而承/r/n舉盡全力/r/nD./r/n至于斟酌損益/r/n香遠益清/r/n精/r/n益/r/n求/r/n精/r/n./r/n把選文中/r/n畫/r/n橫線的句/r/n子翻/r/n譯成現/r/n代/r/n漢語。/r/n恐托付不效，以傷先帝之明。/r/n./r/n選文/r/n第一/r/n段諸葛亮追述自己/r/n二十/r/n一年/r/n來/r/n的經歷有什么用意?請簡要概括兩點。/r/n./r/n諸葛亮作為蜀漢丞相可謂盡職盡責，下面鏈接材料中的蘇軾作為/r/n杭州/r/n知州，是否/r/n做到/r/n了盡職盡責?請結合/r/n他/r/n的所作所為簡要分析。/r/n【鏈接材料】/r/n【蘇/r/n軾)/r/n拜龍圖閣學士、/r/n知杭州。/r/n既/r/n至/r/n杭，大旱，饑疫并作。軾請于朝，免本路@上供米三之/r/n一,/r/n復得賜度僧/r/n牒⑵,/r/n易/r/n米/r/n以救饑/r/n者。/r/n明年春，又減價祟常平/r/n米,/r/n多作/r/n值“/r/n粥藥劑,遣使挾醫分坊治病,活者甚眾。/r/n(節選/r/n自?宋史/r/n?/r/n蘇軾傳?)/r/n【注/r/n釋】/r/n①路：行政區/r/n劃/r/n名。②度僧牒：批準出家為僧的文書。③值/r/n(zhan):/r/n稠/r/n粥。/r/n【答案】/r/n14.C15./r/n恐/r/n怕/r/n托/r/n付/r/n給我的大任不能完成,從而損害先帝的英明。/r/n./r/n①抒發對先帝的感謝之情。②說明自己對蜀漢的忠心，希望后主信任自己。③寫出先帝的任/r/n大/r/n唯賢,為后主樹立典范。④說明創業艱難，/r/n鼓/r/n勵后主努力進取。(答/r/n出/r/n任意兩點,意思對即可)/r/n./r/n例/r/n如/r/nー:/r/n蘇軾做/r/n到/r/n了。面對饑/r/n疫,/r/n他/r/nー方/r/n面請求減輕百姓負擔,想方設法教濟饑/r/n民;/r/n另/r/n一方/r/n面/r/n熬/r/n制/r/n藥劑,/r/n派/r/n醫/r/n生/r/n救治/r/n病人。/r/n例/r/n如/r/n二:/r/n蘇軾做/r/n到/r/n了。作為杭州知州，他在/r/n杭州/r/n遭遇饑荒和瘟疫時，想方設法救助饑/r/n民、/r/n救治/r/n病人,/r/n救活了/r/n很/r/n多/r/n人。/r/n【黑龍/r/n江/r/n龍東】/r/nハ、比照閱讀/r/n（甲）/r/n景春曰：“公孫衍、張儀豈不調大丈夫哉?一怒而諸侯懼，安居而天下熄。"/r/n孟子曰：“是焉得為大丈夫乎?子未學禮乎?丈夫之冠也，父命之;女子之嫁也,母命之,往送之門,戒之曰:’往之/r/n女/r/n家,/r/n必/r/n敬必戒，無違夫子!’以順為正者，妾婦之道也。居天下之廣居,立天下之正位,行天下之大道。得志，與/r/n民/r/n由之;不得志,獨行其道。富貴不能淫,貧賤不能/r/n移，/r/n威武不能屈。此之謂大丈夫?！保ㄟx自?孟子/r/n?滕/r/n文公下?）/r/n（乙）/r/n齊大饑,黔敖為食于路,以待餓者而食之。有餓者蒙①袂②輯/r/n展@,/r/n貿貿然④來。黔敖左奉食,右熱飲，曰:“嗟!來食。"揚其目而視之，曰:“予唯不食嗟來之/r/n食，以/r/n至于斯也。"從而謝焉。終/r/n不食/r/n而死。/r/n（選自?禮記?檀公?）/r/n（注釋）①/r/n蒙：/r/n掩蔽。②袂/r/n（mGi）：/r/n衣/r/n袖,袖子。③輯屣/r/n（jlju）:/r/n跋/r/n（ta）/r/n拉著鞋。④貿貿然:眼睛昏花的樣子。/r/n./r/n解釋/r/n以下/r/n句中加點的詞語。/r/n（1）/r/n張儀豈不螂大丈夫哉/r/n（2）/r/n黔敖/r/n左/r/n奉食,右熱飲/r/n./r/n請用現代漢語翻譯以下句子。/r/n（1）/r/n行天下之大道。/r/n（2）/r/n予唯不食嗟來之/r/n食，以/r/n至于斯也。/r/n./r/n（乙）/r/n文中的事例能否作為（甲）文“貧賤不能/r/n移"/r/n的事實論據?請結合選文內容說明理由。/r/n真正，確實拿/r/n（1）/r/n行走在天下最寬廣的道路“/r/n義"上。/r/n（2）/r/n我正因/r/n為不吃/r/n別/r/n人/r/n施舍的/r/n食物，/r/n才落得這個地步。/r/n能作為事/r/n實論/r/n據。乙文中的餓者寧可餓死也不吃帶有侮辱性的/r/n食物,/r/n正表達了甲文/r/n中“/r/n貧賤不能/r/n移"/r/n的觀點。/r/n【黑龍/r/n江齊齊哈/r/n爾】/r/n（一）閱讀以下文言文，答復第/r/n12-16/r/n題。（共/r/n10/r/n分）/r/n【甲】/r/n至/r/n于/r/n負者歌于途,行者休于樹,前者呼，后者應,/r/n但僂/r/n提攜，往來而不絕者,滁人游也。臨溪而漁，溪深而魚肥,釀泉為酒,泉香而酒洌，山肴野藏,雜然而前陳者，太守宴也。宴酣之樂，非絲非竹，射者中，弈者勝，觥籌交錯，起坐而喧嘩者，眾賓歡也。蒼顏/r/n白發，/r/n頹然乎/r/n其/r/n間者,太守醉也。/r/n己而/r/nタ陽/r/n在山，人影散亂，太守歸而賓客從也。樹林陰翳，鳴聲上下，/r/n游人/r/n去而禽鳥樂也。然而禽鳥知山林/r/n之樂,/r/n而不知/r/n人/r/n之樂;人知從/r/n太守/r/n游而樂，而不知太守之樂其樂也。醉能同其樂,醒能/r/n述/r/n以文者，/r/n太守/r/n也。太守謂誰?廬陵歐陽修也。/r/n（節選自?醉翁亭記?）/r/n【乙】/r/n修始在滁洲，號ロロ，晚更號六一居士,天資剛毅①,/r/n見義/r/n勇為。雖機阱②在前，觸發之不顧。放逐流離,至于再三,志氣自假設也。/r/n方貶夷陵時，無以自遣，因/r/n取/r/n舊案反復觀/r/n之,/r/n見其枉直乖錯③不可/r/n勝數,于/r/n是仰天嘆/r/n曰:“/r/n以荒遠小邑/r/n且/r/n如此,/r/n天下固可知。”自爾遇事不敢忽也。/r/n學者/r/n求見,/r/n所與言,未嘗及文章,/r/n惟談吏事,/r/n謂/r/n文章止于潤/r/n身④,/r/n政事/r/n可/r/n以及/r/n物。凡歷數郡,不見治/r/n跡,不求/r/n聲譽，寬簡⑤而不擾，故所/r/n至/r/n民便⑥/r/n之，/r/n或問:/r/n“為政/r/n寬簡而事不弛廢,何也?"/r/n日:"/r/n以縱為寬,/r/n以/r/n略為簡,那么政/r/n事弛/r/n廢而民/r/n受其/r/n弊，吾/r/n所謂寬/r/n者,不為苛急:/r/n（節選自?/r/n宋/r/n史/r/n?/r/n歐/r/n陽/r/n修/r/n傳?,/r/n有刪改）/r/n【注】/r/n①/r/n天資剛/r/n毅:/r/n生性剛直。/r/n②/r/n機阱:陷阱。③枉直乖錯:冤假錯案④潤/r/n身:/r/n修身養/r/n性。⑤/r/n寬簡:寬松簡易。/r/n⑥/r/n便：安逸，安閑。/r/n.請用/r/n"/"/r/n為/r/n【乙】/r/n文/r/n劃線處斷句。（只/r/n劃ー處/r/n）/r/n（1/r/n分）/r/n自爾/r/n遇/r/n事不敢/r/n忽也/r/n.解釋加點詞語在文中的/r/n意思。/r/n（2/r/n分）/r/nTOC\o"1-5"\h\z/r/n（1）/r/n泉/r/n香/r/n而/r/n酒/r/n冽 /r/n冽（ /r/n） /r/n（2）/r/n樹林陰野 /r/n翳/r/n（ ）/r/n（3）/r/n而民受/r/n其/r/n弊 /r/n弊/r/n（ ） /r/n（4）/r/n未/r/n嘗/r/n及/r/n文章 嘗/r/n（ ）/r/n.用/r/n現代漢語翻譯以下句子。/r/n（2/r/n分）/r/n（1）/r/n低僂/r/n提攜,往來而不絕者,滁人游也。/r/n（2）/r/n放逐流離，至于再三，志氣自假設也。/r/n.以下對兩個選段內容的/r/n理解與/r/n分析錯誤的ー項為/r/n哪一項/r/n（ ）/r/n（2/r/n分）/r/nA./r/n甲文文質/r/n兼美，/r/n多用/r/n駢偶/r/n句,/r/n語言簡潔/r/n流暢,/r/n富有/r/n音韻/r/n之/r/n美。/r/nB./r/n甲文/r/n以/r/n“樂”字貫穿全文，樂中帶憂,流露/r/n出作/r/n者被/r/n貶此地/r/n愁苦悲涼的心境。/r/nC/r/n.乙/r/n文/r/n歐/r/n陽/r/n修為人/r/n正直，/r/n治理/r/n有方，/r/n所/r/n到之處政績斐/r/n然，人民/r/n生活都/r/n很/r/n安逸，/r/n因/r/n而/r/n他/r/n深/r/n受百姓/r/n喜愛。/r/nD./r/n乙/r/n文/r/n歐陽修被貶夷陵/r/n后，/r/n他看/r/n到/r/n以前官吏瀆職所致錯/r/n案,決/r/n心更/r/n加/r/n謹慎辦/r/n案。/r/n.歐/r/n陽修/r/n勤政愛/r/n民，甲乙/r/n兩文中他為官/r/n理念/r/n的不同點是什么?請你寫/r/n出/r/n一位/r/n當代/r/n和/r/n歐/r/n陽/r/n修一樣把/r/n人民/r/n放在心中/r/n的/r/n好/r/n官/r/n的名字。/r/n（3/r/n分）/r/n（一）閱讀以下文言文,答復第/r/n12/r/n—/r/n16/r/n題。（共/r/n10/r/n分）/r/n評分說明：/r/n（1/r/n分）只/r/n劃ー處，/r/n多/r/n劃不給分。/r/n（1）/r/n清/r/n（2）/r/n遮/r/n蓋/r/n（3）/r/n害處/r/n（弊?。?r/n（4）/r/n曾經/r/n評分說明:/r/n（2/r/n分）每空/r/n0.5/r/n分。/r/n（1）/r/n老年/r/n人/r/n彎著腰走,/r/n小/r/n孩子由/r/n大人/r/n領著走,來來往往,絡繹不絕的,是滁州人們的出游啊。/r/n（2）（/r/n歐陽修）屢次被貶官流放,志向依然不改。/r/n評分說明:/r/n（2/r/n分）每句/r/n1/r/n分。重點詞“似僂提攜”"再三”"自假設”漏譯或錯譯扣/r/n0.5/r/n分。/r/nB/r/n評分說明：/r/n（2/r/n分）/r/n不同點：①甲文側重與民同樂的為/r/n官/r/n理念,②乙文側重為政寬簡的為官理念。/r/n例如:任長霞、焦裕祿、孔繁森/r/n……/r/n評分說明：/r/n（3/r/n分）不同點各/r/n1/r/n分,好官名字/r/n1/r/n分。/r/n【參考/r/n譯/r/n文】/r/n歐陽修當初在滁/r/n州,/r/n號醉翁,晩年改號為六/r/n?/r/n居士。（他）生性剛直,/r/n見義/r/n勇為,就算眼前是陷阱,也不會退縮。屢次被貶官流放，志向依然不改。/r/n剛被貶夷陵的時候，沒有消遣的事情，就拿/r/n未/r/n以前的案件檔案反復觀察，發現里邊冤假錯案不計其數,/r/n于/r/n是仰天長嘆/r/n說：/r/n“遙遠的小城尚/r/n且/r/n是這樣,天下的（冤假錯案）就可想而知了。"從此,遇到案件就不敢大意了。/r/n有/r/n求學的人請求會見,（歐陽修）與（他/r/n們）/r/n交談,從來不談文章，只說政事,說文章只能用來修身養性，政/r/n事/r/nオ是根本。（他）ー共治理過幾個郡，沒有杰出的政績，不追求聲譽,（政策）寬松簡易不擾/r/n民，/r/n所以到過的地/r/n方人/r/n民都/r/n很/r/n安逸。有人問他：''（您治理地方）政策寬松簡明/r/n但/r/n從/r/n不/r/n懈總荒廢政事,為什么呢?"（他答復）說:“把放縱當成寛/r/n松，把/r/n省略必要的地方當成簡明,那么政事就會被懈怠荒廢,國而/r/n人民/r/n受害。我所說的寬松,是不做/r/n苛/r/n刻武斷的事：簡明，是不做煩瑣的事罷/r/n了。"/r/n【黑/r/n龍江綏/r/n化】/r/n（四）/r/n閱讀?/r/n出師/r/n表?/r/n和?/r/n泰山行宮記?，答復/r/n24-27/r/n題。/r/n（10/r/n分）/r/n（甲）諸葛亮?出師表?節選/r/n先帝創業未/r/n半/r/n而中道崩殂，/r/n今/r/n天下三分，/r/n益州/r/n疲弊,此誠危急存亡之秋也。然倚衛之臣/r/n不/r/n懈/r/n于/r/n內,/r/n忠志/r/n之/r/n士忘身/r/n于外/r/n者,/r/n蓋/r/n追先帝之殊遇,欲報之于陛下/r/n也。/r/n誠宜開張圣聽，/r/n以/r/n光先帝遺/r/n德,/r/n恢弘志士/r/n之氣,/r/n不/r/n宜/r/n妄/r/n自菲薄,/r/n引喻失/r/n義,/r/n以/r/n塞忠諫之路/r/n也。/r/n親賢臣，遠/r/n小人，/r/n此先漢所以/r/n興/r/n隆也;親/r/n小人,/r/n遠賢/r/n臣，/r/n此后漢所以傾頹也。先帝在時，每與/r/n臣論此/r/n事，未嘗不嘆/r/n息痛恨于桓、/r/n靈/r/n也。/r/n侍中、尚書、長/r/n史、參軍,/r/n此悉貞良死節之/r/n臣，/r/n愿/r/n陛下/r/n親之/r/n信之，/r/n那/r/n么漢室/r/n之隆，/r/n可計日而/r/n待/r/n也。/r/n（乙）/r/n趙國壁?/r/n泰山/r/n行宮記?節選/r/n余/r/n常/r/n年/r/n求/r/n學于外,鮮有歸/r/n家，/r/n今幸歸/r/n之，/r/n族中叔伯/r/n及/r/n村/r/n諸賢達/r/n之土聞/r/n余登進土，甚/r/n欣，/r/n家尊/r/n甚/r/n慰,日：吾兒/r/n寬厚/r/n孝善，/r/n且/r/n胸懷凌/r/n云，那么必/r/n有宏/r/n圖。/r/n余幼學/r/n時,家/r/n尊/r/n教余之兄弟甚嚴,/r/n常/r/n日：/r/n父母/r/n同負/r/n育人/r/n之責。/r/n一日,尊因/r/n商/r/n旅大名府,遂書信遣/r/n人/r/n送至家中。/r/n余/r/n慈見信日：子/r/n完?/r/n之教,/r/n責在爾躬。而/r/n汝/r/n切記，偏愛者/r/n多，/r/n殊不知愛之不/r/n以其/r/n道，/r/n反足以/r/n害/r/n之/r/n焉。其道維何②，約言之有四戒四/r/n宜。/r/n四/r/n戒：一/r/n戒宴起,/r/n二戒懶/r/n惰,/r/n三/r/n戒奢華，四戒驕/r/n做。/r/n既守四/r/n戒,又/r/n須規發四宜：一宜勤讀,/r/n二/r/n宜敬師,三宜愛/r/n眾，/r/n四/r/n宜/r/n慎/r/n食。以上八那么,為教吾子/r/n子/r/n完之/r/n金科玉/r/n律,/r/n爾宜銘于心間。后/r/n余之/r/n登士,雖/r/n身/r/n用/r/n心專，/r/n皆歸于余尊之嚴教也。/r/n［注釋］①子/r/n完：/r/n本文作者趙國壁,字/r/n子/r/n完。②維何：是什么。/r/n①傢斗志士/r/n之/r/n氣 ②殊不知愛之不以其道/r/n./r/n將下面句/r/n子/r/n翻/r/n譯成現/r/n代漢語。/r/n（4/r/n分）/r/n①此悉貞良死節之臣。/r/n②后余/r/n之/r/n登士,雖身/r/n用心專,/r/n皆歸于余/r/n尊之/r/n嚴教也。/r/n.以下各組句/r/n子中,/r/n加點詞意義和用法相同的一組是/r/n（2/r/n分）/r/nA./r/n」ー/r/n那“/r/n漢室之/r/n隆 /r/n_Bf"/r/n面山加居/r/n此/r/n那/r/n么岳陽/r/n樓之/r/n大觀也 /r/n人/r/n不知/r/nw/r/n不慍/r/nC./r/nイ-出入/r/nセ/r/n迂也 /r/nD./r/n｛爾宜/r/n銘于心/r/n間/r/nJ/r/n無案牘之勞形 每假借之藏書/r/n之/r/n家/r/n.甲文畫線句與乙/r/n文分/r/n別從哪方面進行勸誡和教導的?/r/n（2/r/n分）/r/n（四）閱讀?出師/r/n表?和?/r/n泰山行宮記?，答復/r/n24-27/r/n題。/r/n（10/r/n分）/r/n.①/r/n發揚，擴展 ②正確方法/r/n評分說/r/n明:/r/n（2/r/n分）答對ー處得/r/n1/r/n分，/r/n錯字或/r/n與/r/n答案不符不得分。/r/n.①/r/n“這（些）都是忠正賢明,能為保全節操而死的人?！被蛘?這（些）都是忠貞、坦/r/n直，/r/n能以死報國的節義臣子。"/r/n②后來我考中進士,雖然有用心專一的緣故，但都歸功于我父親的嚴格管教。/r/n評分說/r/n明:/r/n（4/r/n分）譯對重點詞語‘'此""悉"/r/n和“皆"/r/n"歸"/r/n"尊"/r/n各得/r/n1/r/n分，翻譯完整流暢再各得/r/n1/r/n分。/r/n./r/nC/r/n/轉折關系;/r/nC./r/n于主謂之間取消句子獨立性,不譯:/r/nD./r/n介調,在/介詞,向。/r/n.?/r/n出師表?中諸葛亮勸誡后主劉禪，要繼承“先帝遺德"廣開言路/r/n（不/r/n應該/r/n“妄/r/n自菲薄"堵塞忠諫之路）。?泰山/r/n行/r/n宮記?中作者的/r/n父/r/n親培養兒子成オ，以“四戒四宜"/r/n之/r/n法嚴格教育兒子。/r/n評分說/r/n明：/r/n（2/r/n分）答出一點得/r/n1/r/n分。/r/n【湖北/r/n恩/r/n施】/r/n（五）。/r/n比/r/n擬閱讀下面的文言/r/n文，/r/n完成/r/n21-25/r/n題。/r/n（10/r/n分，/r/n每題/r/n2/r/n分）/r/n【甲】/r/n一老/r/n河兵聞之,/r/n又笑日:“凡河中/r/n失/r/n石，當求/r/n之/r/n于上流。蓋石性堅重，/r/n沙性松/r/n浮,/r/n水/r/n不能沖/r/n石,其/r/n反激之/r/n力，/r/n必/r/n于石下/r/n迎/r/n水處嚙沙為坎穴。/r/n漸激漸/r/n深，至/r/n石/r/n之/r/n半，石/r/n必/r/n倒/r/n擲坎穴/r/n中。如是再嚙，石/r/n又/r/n再轉。轉轉不已，遂/r/n反/r/n溯流逆上/r/n矣。求之/r/n下流，固顛:/r/n求之/r/n地中,不更顛乎?/r/n"/r/n如/r/n其/r/n言,果得于數里外。/r/n然那么/r/n天下/r/n之/r/n事,但知/r/n其ー，/r/n不知其二者多/r/n矣,/r/n可/r/n據/r/n理臆斷/r/n歟?/r/n（節/r/n選自統編義務教育教科/r/n書?語文?七/r/n年級下冊?/r/n河中/r/n石獸?）/r/n【乙】/r/n事不目見/r/n耳聞，而臆斷/r/n其/r/n有無,可/r/n乎?/r/n酈元之所/r/n見聞,/r/n殆與余同,而言/r/n之不詳;/r/n士大夫/r/n終不肯以/r/n小舟夜泊絕壁之/r/n下，/r/n故莫/r/n能/r/n知;而漁エ水師雖知而/r/n不能/r/n言。此世所以不傳也。而陋/r/n者乃以/r/n斧斤考擊而求/r/n之，自以為得其實。/r/n余/r/n是以記之善嘆酈元之簡而笑李渤之陋也。/r/n（節選自蘇軾?石鐘山記?）/r/n./r/n解釋/r/n以下/r/n句/r/n中/r/n加點詞的意思。/r/n①轉轉不弓:已/r/n:/r/n /r/n②/r/n遂反硼/r/n流逆上矣 /r/n溯；/r/n③而言/r/n之不講:詳:/r/n ④夜旭絕壁之下 泊:/r/n.給/r/n【乙】/r/n文中/r/n畫/r/n波浪/r/n線的句子/r/n斷/r/n句,/r/n用/r/n“/”/r/n在句中標出。（限劃/r/n2/r/n處）/r/n余/r/n是以記之/r/n蓋嘆酈/r/n元之簡/r/n而/r/n笑李/r/n渤之陋/r/n也。/r/n./r/n用/r/n現代漢/r/n語翻譯/r/n以下句子。/r/n①求之下流,/r/n固顛。/r/n②自以為得其實。/r/n.【甲】【乙】/r/n兩文中/r/n畫/r/n橫線的句子/r/n都/r/n使用/r/n了哪種修辭/r/n手法?/r/n.【甲】【乙】/r/n兩文中/r/n畫/r/n橫線的句子表/r/n達/r/n的相同觀點是什么?/r/n.①/r/n停止:②逆流而/r/n上:/r/n③詳細;④停泊。/r/n./r/n余是以記之/蓋嘆酈元之簡/而笑李渤之陋也。/r/n.①到河的/r/n下/r/n游尋找石獸,本來/r/n就/r/n顯得很荒唐。/r/n②自以為得到了石鐘山命名的真相。/r/n.比照/r/n.事情沒有親眼所見親耳，就主觀臆斷,這怎么可以呢?/r/n【湖北黃岡】/r/n（三）/r/n閱讀下面文言文選段，/r/n完成/r/n下面/r/n小題。/r/n（14/r/n分）/r/n【甲】/r/n天時不如/r/n地利，地利/r/n不/r/n如/r/n人/r/n和。/r/n三里/r/n之城,/r/n七里/r/n之/r/n郭,環而攻/r/n之/r/n而/r/n不勝。/r/n夫/r/n環而攻/r/n之,必/r/n有得天時者/r/n矣,/r