書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區的她考研考博-英語-延邊大學押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.單選題

Onthestagemanypiecesofbluesilkwerefluctuatedto（

）theseawaves.

問題1選項

A.simplify

B.simulate

C.help

D.like

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。simplify“簡化”；simulate“模仿；假裝”；help“幫助”；like“喜歡”。句意：舞臺上用了很多上下飄動的藍色絲綢來模仿海浪。選項B符合題意。

2.單選題

Havingfinishedtheirmorningwork,theclerksstoodupbehindtheirdesks,（

）themselves.

問題1選項

A.expanding

B.stretching

C.prolonging

D.extending

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項expand“擴張，使膨脹”；B選項stretch“伸展，張開”；C選項prolong“延長，拖延（延長時間）”；D選項extend“延伸，擴大，推廣，伸出”。stretchoneself固定搭配的意思是“伸懶腰，伸展身體”，句意為：做完早上的工作后，職員們從桌子后面站起來，伸展伸展身體。故正確答案選B。

3.單選題

Thespokesmantalkedaboutthecauseoftheaccident,butthemediadidn’tseemtobuyit.

問題1選項

A.confirm

B.exaggerate

C.accept

D.purchase

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.confirm證實B.exaggerate夸大

C.accept接受；相信D.purchase購買

【考查點】動詞辨析與熟詞僻義

【解題思路】buy最常見的意義是“購買”，但原句的主語是媒體，賓語是發言人對事故原因的解釋，“購買”不符合該語境。Buy還有一個意義是“相信”，這個意義更符合語境，C選項accept“接受”，在表達接受某個觀念時，譯為“相信”。

【干擾項排除】

A選項confirm“證實”，沒有依據；

B選項exaggerate“夸大”，沒有依據；

D選項purchase“購買”，雖符合基本義，但不符合語境。

【句意】發言人談到了事故的原因，但媒體似乎并不買賬。

4.單選題

Toreducethefinancialpressurefacingthecompany,itsmanagementhasdecidedon（）expenditurecuts.

問題1選項

A.modest

B.sweeping

C.tangible

D.considerate

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。modest謙虛的；sweeping大規模的；tangible有形的，切實的；considerate體貼的，大量的。由前半句的financialpressure可知公司會削減開支。故B項符合句意。句意：為了減小公司面臨的財務壓力,其管理層決定大規模地削減開支。

5.單選題

Thepolicedetectiveputtogetherthepiecesofevidencetoformone（

）account.

問題1選項

A.sensitive

B.genuine

C.expressive

D.coherent

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞義辨析。sensitive“敏感的；感覺的”；genuine“真實的；真正的”；expressive“表現的；有表現力的”；coherent“連貫的；清晰的；一致的”。句意：這位警探將這些證據拼湊在一起形成一份連貫的報告。選項D符合題意。

6.單選題

Thehistoryofmodernpollutionproblemsshowsthatmosthaveresultedfromnegligenceandignorance.Wehaveashockingtendencytointerferewithnaturebeforeallofthepossibleconsequencesofouractionshavebeenstudiedindepth.Weproduceanddistributeradioactivesubstances,syntheticchemicals,andmanyofotherpowerfulcompoundsbeforefullycomprehendingtheireffectsonlivingorganisms.Oureducationisdangerouslyincomplete.

Itwillbearguedthatthepurposeofscienceistomoveintounknownterritory,toexplore,andtodiscover.Itcanbesaidthatsimilarriskshavebeentakenbefore,andthoserisksarenecessarytotechnologicalprogress.

Theseargumentsoverlookanimportantelement.Inthepast,riskstakeninthenameofscientificprogresswererestrictedtoasmallplaceandabriefperiodoftime.TheeffectsoftheprocesseswenowstrivetomasterareneitherIdealizednorbrief.Airpollutioncoversvasturbanareas.Oceanpollutantshavebeendiscoveredinnearlyeverypartoftheworld.Syntheticchemicalsspreadoverhugestretchesofforestandfarmlandmayremaininthesoilfordecades.Radioactivepollutantswillbefoundinthebiosphereforgenerations.Thesizeandpersistenceoftheseproblemshavegrownwiththeexpandingpowerofmodernscience.

Onemightalsoarguethatthehazardsofmodernpollutantsaresmallcomparedwiththedangersassociatedwithotherhumanactivity.Noestimateoftheactualharmdonebysmog,fallout,orchemicalresiduescanobscuretherealitythattherisksarebeingtakenbeforebeingfullyunderstood.

Theimportanceoftheseissuesliesinthefailureofsciencetopredictandcontrolhumaninterventionintonaturalprocesses.Thetruemeasureofdangerisrepresentedbythehazardswewillencounterifweenterthenewageoftechnologywithoutfirstevaluatingourresponsibilitytotheenvironment.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,themajorcauseofpollutionistheresultof（

）

.

2.Accordingtothepassage,therisksbroughtaboutbymodernsciencearegreaterthanthosebyearlierscientificeffortsbecause（

）.

3.Intheauthor’sopinion,thekeytothesettlementofthemodernpollutionliesin（

）.

4.Itcanbeinferredthattheattitudeofscientiststowardspollutionhasbeen（

）

.

問題1選項

A.astrongdesiretomoveintounknownterritory

B.alackofunderstandingthehistoryoftechnology

C.designingsyntheticchemicalstokilllivingorganisms

D.changingourenvironmentwithoutfullyconsideringrisks

問題2選項

A.theeffectsmaybefeltbymorepeopleforalongertime

B.technologyhasproducedmoredangerouschemicals

C.scienceisprogressingfasterthaneverbefore

D.themodernpollutantshavebeenlocalized

問題3選項

A.theexpansionofmodernscience

B.thedisposalofpotentialpollutants

C.theawarenessofourresponsibility

D.thehumaninterferencewithnature

問題4選項

A.naive

B.concerned

C.worried

D.nonchalant

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

【解析】1.根據第一段的一二句可知,現代污染問題的歷史表明,大多數是由于疏忽和無知造成的。我們有一種令人震驚的傾向,即在深入研究我們的行為可能產生的后果之前就干預自然。也就是說,在沒有充分考慮風險的情況下就改變環境。選項D符合原文。

2.根據第三的內容可知,在過去,以科學進步的名義所冒的風險被限制在一個小地方和處于短期時間內。我們現在努力掌握的工序的效果既不理想,也不會是短暫的。隨著現代科學力量的不斷擴大,這些（污染）問題的規模和持久性也在不斷擴大。選項A符合原文。

3.根據最后一段最后一句“Thetruemeasureofdangerisrepresentedbythehazardswewillencounterifweenterthenewageoftechnologywithoutfirstevaluatingourresponsibilitytotheenvironment.”如果我們進入技術的新時代而不首先評估我們對環境的責任,我們將遇到真正的危險。所以說,解決現代污染的關鍵在于我們的責任感。選項C正確。

4.雖然文中并沒有提及科學家們,但文章在第三段和第五段提及,現代科學進步,污染問題卻越來越嚴重,說明科學家們沒有引起足夠的重視,所以他們的態度是冷漠的,漠不關心的。選項D正確。

7.問答題

Manyoftoday'syoungpeoplehaveadifficulttimeseeinganymoraldimensiontotheiractions.Thereareanumberofreasonswhythat'strue,butnonemoreprominentthanafailedsystemofeducationthateschewsteachingchildrenthetraditionalmoralvaluesthatbindAmericanstogetherasasocietyandaculture.Thatfailedapproach,called"decision-making",wasintroducedinschools25yearsago.Ittellschildrentodecideforthemselveswhatisrightandwhatiswrong.Itreplaced"charactereducation".Charactereducationdidn'taskchildrentoreinventthemoralwheel;instead,itencouragedthemtopracticehabitsofcourage,justiceandself-control.

Inthe1940s,whenacharactereducationapproachprevailed,teachersworriedaboutstudentschewinggum;todaytheyworryaboutrobberyandrape.Decision-makingcurriculumsposethornyethicaldilemmastostudents,leavingthemwiththeimpressionthatallmoralityisproblematicandthatallquestionsofrightandwrongareindispute.Youngstersareforcedtoquestionvaluesandvirtuesthey'veneveracquiredinthefirstplaceoruponwhichtheyhaveonlyatenuoushold.Theassumptionbehindthismethodisthatstudentswillarriveatgoodmoralconclusionsifonlytheyaregiventhechance.Buttheactualresultismoralconfusion.

Forexample,arecentnationalstudyof1,700sixth-toninth-gradersrevealedthatamajorityofboysconsideredrapetobeacceptableundercertainconditions.Astoundingly,manyofthegirlsagreed.

Thiskindofmoralilliteracyisfurtherencouragedbyvalues-educationprogramsthatarelittlemorethancoursesinself-esteem.Theseprogramsarebasedonthequestionableassumptionthatachildwhofeelsgoodabouthimselforherselfwon'twanttodoanythingwrong.Butitisjustasreasonabletomakeanoppositeassumption:namely,thatachildwhohasuncriticalself-regardwillconcludethatheorshecan'tdoanythingbad.

Suchnaiveself-acceptanceresultsinlargepartfromthenon-directive,non-judgmentalas-long-as-you-feel-comfortable-with-your-choicesmentalitythathaspervadedpubliceducationforthelasttwoandone-halfdecades.Manyoftoday'sdrugeducation,sexeducationandvalues-educationcoursesarebasedonthesame1960sphilosophythathelpedfueltheexplosioninteendruguseandsexualactivityinthefirstplace.

Meanwhile,whileeducatorsarestillfiddlingwithoutdated"feel-good"approaches,NewYork,Washington,andLosAngelesareburning.Youngstersareleavingschoolbelievingthatmattersofrightandwrongarealwaysmerelysubjective.Ifyoupassastrangeronthestreetanddecidetomurderhimbecauseyouneedmoney一ifitfeelsright一yougowiththatfeeling.Clearly,murderisnottaughtinourschools,butsuchaconclusion―justaboutanyconclusion—canbereachedandjustifiedusingthedecision-makingmethod.

Itistimetoconsignthefadsof"decision-making"and"non-judgmentalism"totheashheapoffailedpolicies,andreturntoaprovedmethod.Charactereducationprovidesamuchmorerealisticapproachtomoralformation.Itisbuiltonanunderstandingthatwelearnmoralitynotbydebatingitbutbypracticingit.

【答案】InhisessayChildrenMustBeTaughttoTellRightfromWrong",WilliamKilpatrickarguesthatthe"decision-making"approachtothemoraleducationofAmericanyouth,whichreplaced"charactereducation"25yearsago,haspreventedjuvenilesfrombehavingandthinkinginaccordancewiththetraditionalmoralprinciplesthatarefundamentaltoAmericansociety.

AccordingtoKilpatrick,decision-makingmethodsinstillinstudentsawrongbeliefthatallnormsofmoralityaresubjectiveconstructswithonlyrelativetruthinthemandthereforecanbeinterpretedflexiblyandevenquestioned.Thisbeliefdeprivesthemofthechancetosecuresolidmoralstandardsandcausesmisconceptionsaboutwhatshouldbeclearlyrightorwrong.

Inparallelwiththisinadequacyofthe"decision-making"approacharetheunexpectedoutcomesofthosevalues-educationprogramsfocusingonstudents,self-esteemthatsupportsthe"non-judgmental"mindsetdominating"decision-making"curriculums.Theirmistakenassumptionthatfeelinggoodwarrantsmoralityexcusesstudentsfromcriticizinganddiscipliningtheirownbehaviors.

Basinghisconclusiononhisanalysisofthefundamentalflawsofthedecision-makingapproach,Kilpatrickfinallyproposesanimmediateshiftbacktocharactereducationwhichhebelievesteachesmoralitymoreeffectivelybyemphasizingpracticeinsteadofdiscussion.

8.單選題

“Museum”isaslipperyword.Itfirstmeant(inGreek)anythingconsecratedtotheMuses:ahill,ashrine,agarden,afestivalorevenatextbook.BothPlato'sAcademyandAristotle'sLyceumhadamouseion.amuses'shrine.AlthoughtheGreeksalreadycollecteddetachedworksofart,manytemples—notablythatofHeraatOlympia(beforewhichtheOlympicflameisstilllit)-hadcollectionsofobjects,someofwhichwereworksofartbywell-knownmasters.WhilepaintingsandsculpturesintheAlexandrianMuseumwereincidentaltoitsmainpurpose.

TheRomansalsocollectedandexhibitedartfromdisbandedtemples,aswellasmineralspecimens,exoticplants,animals;andtheyplunderedsculpturesandpaintings(mostlyGreek)forexhibition.Meanwhile,theGreekwordhadslippedintoLatinbytransliteration(thoughnottosignifypicturegalleries,whichwerecalledpinacothecae)andmuseumstillmoreorlessmeant"Muses'shrine".

Theinspirationalcollectionsofpreciousandsemi-preciousobjectswerekeptinlargerchurchesandmonasteries—whichfocusedonthegold—enshrined,bejeweledrelicsofsaintsandmartyrs.Princes,midlatermerchants,hadsimilarcollections,whichbecamethedepositsofnaturalcuriosities:largelumpsofamberorcoral,irregularpearls,unicornhorns,ostricheggs,fossilbonesandsoon.Theyalsoincludedcoinsandgems—oftenantiqueengravedones—aswellas,increasingly,paintingsandsculptures.Astheymultipliedandexpanded,tosupplementthem,theskillofthefakersgrewincreasinglyrefined.

Atthesametime,visitorscouldadmiretheverygrandestpaintingsandsculpturesinthechurches,palacesandcastles;theywerenot“collected”either,but“site-specific”,andwereconsideredanintegralpartbothofthefabricofthebuildingsandofthewayoflifewhichwentoninsidethem-andmostofthebuildingswerepublicones.However,duringtherevivalofantiquityinthefifteenthcentury,fragmentsofantiquesculptureweregivenhigherstatusthantheworkofanycontemporary,sothatdisplaysofantiquitieswouldinspireartiststoimitation,orevenbetter,toemulation;andsocouldbeconsideredMuses’shrinesintheformersense.TheMedicigardennearSanMarcoinFlorence,theBelvedereandtheCapitolinRomewerethemostfamousofsuchearly“inspirational”collections.Soontheymultiplied,andgradually,exemplary??modem”workswerealsoaddedtosuchgalleries.

Intheseventeenthcentury,scientificandprestigecollectingbecamesowidespreadthatthreeorfourcollectorsindependentlypublisheddirectoriestomuseumsallovertheknownworld.Butitwastheageofrevolutionsandindustrywhichproducedthenextsharpshiftinthewaytheinstitutionwasperceivedthefuryagainstroyalandchurchmonumentspromptedantiquarianstosheltertheminasylum-galleries,ofwhichtheMuseedesMonumentsFrancaiswasthemostfamous.Then,inthefirsthalfofthenineteenthcentury,museumfundingtooloff,alliedtotheriseofnewwealth:LondonacquiredtheNationalGalleryandtheBritishMuseum,theLouvrewasorganized,theMuseum-1nselwasbeguninBerlin,andtheMunichgallerieswerebuilt.InVienna,thehugeKtmsthistorischesandNaturhistorischesMuseumstookovermuchoftheimperialtreasure.Meanwhile,thedeclineofcraftsmanship(andofpublictastewithit)inspiredthecreationof"improving"collections.TheVictoriaandAlbertMuseuminLondonwasthemostfamous,aswellasperhapsthelargestofthem.

1.Thesentence"Museumisaslipperyword"inthefirstparagraphmeansthat（

）.

2.Theideathatmuseumcouldmeanamountainoranobjectoriginatesfrom

（

）.

3."...theskillofthefakersgrewincreasinglyrefined"inthethirdparagraphmeansthat

（

）.

4.Paintingsandsculpturesondisplayinchurchesinthe15thcenturywere

（

）.

5.Modernmuseumscomeintoexistenceinorderto

（

）.

6.Whichisthemainideaofthepassage?

問題1選項

A.themeaningoftheworddidn'tchangeuntilafterthe15thcentury

B.themeaningofthewordhadchangedovertheyears

C.theGreekshelddifferentconceptsfromtheRomans

D.princesandmerchantsaddedpaintingstotheircollections

問題2選項

A.theRomans

B.Florence

C.Olympia

D.Greek

問題3選項

A.therewasagreatdemandforfakers

B.fakersgrewrapidlyinnumber

C.fakersbecamemoreskillful

D.fakersbecamemorepolite

問題4選項

A.collectedfromelsewhere

B.madepartofthebuildings

C.donatedbypeople

D.boughtbychurches

問題5選項

A.protectroyalandchurchtreasures

B.improveexistingcollections

C.stimulatepublicinterest

D.raisemorefunds

問題6選項

A.Collectionandcollectors

B.Theevolutionofmuseums

C.Modemmuseumsandtheirfunctions

D.Thebirthofmuseums

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:B

【解析】1.判斷推理題。slippery意為狡猾的，不穩定的。再根據下文的內容可以推測，這里是指它的意思多年來已經改變了。所以選項B正確。

2.細節事實題。根據第一段第二句“Itfirstmeant(inGreek)anythingconsecratedtotheMuses:ahill,ashrine,agarden,afestivalorevenatextbook.它最初的意思是(在希臘語中)獻給繆斯女神的任何東西：一座小山、一座神殿、一座花園、一個節日，甚至是一本教科書。”由此可知選項D正確。

3.語義題。根據原文句意：隨著它們的增加和擴大，作為補充，造假者的技藝變得越來越精湛。選項C符合原文。

4.細節事實題。根據第四段第一句“theywerenot‘collected’either,but‘site-specific’,andwereconsideredanintegralpartbothofthefabricofthebuildings...”它們不是被“收藏”，而是“特定場地的”，被認為是建筑不可或缺的一部分。選項B符合原文。

5.判斷推理題。根據最后一段中“thefuryagainstroyalandchurchmonumentspromptedantiquarianstosheltertheminasylum-galleries...”對皇室和教堂遺跡的憤怒促使古物學家把它們（文物）藏在避難所的陳列室里。由此可知，是為了保護皇家和教堂的財富，選項A符合原文。

6.主旨大意題。結合全文內容可知，本文主要講的是“museum”一詞的變化過程，所以選項B最能概括全文。

9.單選題

Broadlyspeaking,I（1）theexperienceofwould-bepublicintellectualsintotwoforms.Intheperiodofthe1960sand1970s,thoseworkingforsocialjustice（2）intellectualworkagainstthebackgroundofa‘worldunderconstruction’-thoughtandactionremainedalliedandthelinktopolicyremained（3）forintellectualstomovebeyondmerewordgames.

Inthel980sandearly1990s,thoseintellectualsworkingforsocialjusticeineducationfaceda‘worldunderdeconstruction’-manyof（4）projectsweredismantledorcameundersustainedattack.Inthislaterperiod,detachedfromactionanddivorcedfrompolicy,thepublicintellectualwasforcedintoanincreasinglyabstractpositionofarguingthroughwordsforpoliciesandactivitiesthat（5）discoursesofdisavowal,displacementandderision.Thisisharshterraintooccupyandyettherearemanyexamplesofpeoplewhocontinuedto（6）socialjusticesinrace,genderandclassterms.

IamremindedofafilmIwatchedontheAmericanCivilWar.AstheSouthwasprogressivelydefeated,（7）landwasoccupied-justafewtownsandstripsofland.Intheend,thecommentatorsaidallthatwasleftwasa‘confederacyofthemind’-acollectivememoryofanaspiration.

（8）,thathasbeenthefateofmovementsforsocialjusticeandofassociatedintellectualwork（9）thepasttwodecades.Butweshouldnotunderestimatethe‘confederacyofthemind’.Forone（10）Iwillmakewithgreatforceisthatthelargestproblemtheattemptedreconstructionofthepasttwodecades（11）-theattempttodemolishthewelfarestate-ispeople’scollectivememoryofgoodpublicservices,ofcommitmentstoprovisionforall,（12）itbeschoolsorhospitals.Thevitaltasknowisto（13）,reenergizeandreinventnewprojectsandprogramsforsocialjustice,formemoriesandpredispositioninBritainremain（14）resilient.Weshouldnowbe（15）defineanewrolefortheeducationalresearcherin（16）Britain,anddosoinwaysinformedbycollectivememoriesofsocialjusticeinitiatives.Thisshould,hopefully,presageanewinvestigationoftheroleofeducationalresearcheraspublicintellectual,movingus（17）anewphaseafterthehopefulyearsofthe1960sandearly1970sandthereversalinthetwodecadesthatfollowed.Nowwecanhopeagaintherearepostmodernprospects（18）IshouldnotethatIamnot（19）re-establishingsomeoldmasternarrativeofsocialjustice-more（20）voicesandvisions,amovingmosaicofintentionsandplans.

問題1選項

A.haddivided

B.divided

C.hadbeendividing

D.havebeendividing

問題2選項

A.undertook

B.undertake

C.accepted

D.accept

問題3選項

A.farenough

B.enoughfar

C.closeenough

D.enoughclose

問題4選項

A.thedearly

B.themostdearly

C.dearly

D.themoredearly

問題5選項

A.weresubjectto

B.weresubjectedto

C.aresubjectto

D.aresubjectedto

問題6選項

A.argueagainst

B.arguefor

C.arguewith

D.argueto

問題7選項

A.moreandmore

B.more

C.less

D.lessandless

問題8選項

A.Insomeway

B.Insomeways

C.Inaway

D.[nways

問題9選項

A.of

B.for

C.in

D.by

問題10選項

A.assertion

B.announcement

C.allege

D.assessment

問題11選項

A.willface

B.face

C.faced

D.hasfaced

問題12選項

A.rather

B.whether

C.either

D.even

問題13選項

A.reentrant

B.reinvigorate

C.reinforce

D.reeducated

問題14選項

A.remarkably

B.remarking

C.remarked

D.remarkable

問題15選項

A.lookinginto

B.lookingonto

C.lookingto

D.lookingforwardto

問題16選項

A.millenarian

B.millennium

C.millennial

D.millenary

問題17選項

A.forwardto

B.awayto

C.into

D.onto

問題18選項

A.forexploring

B.toexplore

C.withexploration

D.forexploration

問題19選項

A.talkingwith

B.talkingabout

C.talkingover

D.talkingto

問題20選項

A.alotof

B.abitof

C.anumberof

D.asetof

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:B

第7題:D

第8題:B

第9題:C

第10題:A

第11題:D

第12題:B

第13題:B

第14題:A

第15題:C

第16題:C

第17題:C

第18題:B

第19題:B

第20題:D

【解析】（1）語法題。根據文章第二句“Intheperiodofthe1960sand1970s”可知，句子的時態為過去時態，是對過去事情的回憶。又根據broadlyspeaking“一般說來”，可知，空格中的動作是從過去持續到現在，并且會一直持續下去。所以選用現在完成進行時態。選項D符合題意。

（2）動詞詞義辨析和語法。undertake“從事，承擔”；accept“接受”，根據文意：那些為社會正義而工作的人承擔著智力工作。所以選用動詞undertake，又根據整個文段的時態，選項A符合題意。

（3）固定搭配和語法。enough修飾形容詞需要后置，選項B和D可排除。又根據上文remainedallied“保持同盟關系”，可知下文應該表示與政策相聯系，使其保持足夠緊密。選項C符合題意。

（4）語法題。根據文意manyof表示“在……中許多”，可知空格中應該填入最高級，副詞dearly的最高級為themostdearly，選項B符合題意。

（5）固定搭配和語法。besubjectedto“經受……”，besubjectto“從屬于……，有……傾向”。句意：從屬于否認、替換和嘲笑的談話。又因為整個文段為一般過去時態。選項A符合題意。

（6）固定搭配。argueagainst“反對”；arguefor“支持”；arguewith“和……爭論”；沒有搭配argueto，選項D可排除。根據句意：在種族、性別、階級方面繼續支持正義。選項B符合題意。

（7）推斷題。根據文章第三段第二句“AstheSouthwasprogressivelydefeated…”，可知隨著南方逐漸被打敗，越來越少的土地被占領-只有一些城鎮和狹長地帶。lessandless“越來越少”，moreandmore“越來越多”。選項D符合題意。

（8）固定搭配。insomeways“在某些方面，在某種程度上”；inaway“在某些程度上，有點兒”；沒有搭配insomeway和inways，選項A和D可排除。句意：在某種程度上，這就是爭取社會正義運功的命運。Insomeways起承上啟下的作用，選項B符合題意。

（9）固定搭配。固定搭配“inthepasttwodecades”意思為“在過去的二十年”，選項C符合題意。

（10）名詞詞義辨析。assertion“斷言，聲明”；announcement“公告”；allege“斷言，宣稱”；assessment“評定，估價”。句意：我們不應該低估“思想聯盟”，我用我最大的力量去聲明的一點是……，選項A符合題意。

（11）語法題。根據時態標志詞thepasttwodecades“在過去的二十年”，可知句子的時態為現在完成時態，強調過去的動作對現在產生影響，選項D符合題意。

（12）邏輯關系。rather“寧可，寧愿”；whether…or“無論……還是……”；either…or“或者……或者（兩者之一）”；even“甚至”。句意：承諾給所有人提供糧食，無論是學校還是醫院。選項B符合題意。

（13）詞匯題。reentrant“可再入的”；reinvigorate“使再振作”；reinforce“加強”；reeducated“接受再教育的”。句意：現在最重要的任務是重振、再激勵和改造社會正義的新項目和計劃。選項B符合題意。

（14）語法題。根據空格后的resilient形容詞，詞意為“有彈力的，能迅速恢復的”，可知空格中應該填入副詞，用來修飾形容詞，選項A符合題意。

（15）固定搭配。lookinto“調查，窺視”；lookto“注意，指望”；lookonto“朝……看”；lookforwardto“期望，期待”。句意：我們現在應該注意為研究教育者定位一個新的角色。選項C符合題意。

（16）形近詞辨析和語法。millenarian“一千的”；millennium“一千年”；millennial“—千年的”；millenary“千年，一千”。根據上文提到的新計劃的完成，可知項目和計劃的完成需要上千年，名詞Britain前應該用形容詞，所以選項C符合題意。

（17）固定搭配。根據搭配move…into…“將……移入……”，選項C符合題意。

（18）語法題。根據時間狀語now，可知文章提到的是現在對未來的希望，所以用不定式表將來，在句子中作目的狀語。選項B符合題意。

（19）固定搭配。talkwith“和……交談”；talkabout“談論關于……”，talkover“談論，說服”；talkto“和……說話”。句意：我們不是在談論關于重新建構一些關于社會正義的舊事講述。選項B符合題意。

（20）固定搭配和語法。alotof“許多，大量”；abitof“一點點”；anumberof“大量的”；asetof“一組，一套”。根據文意moreasetofvoicesandvisions“更多的是一些聲音和愿景”，選項D符合題意。

10.翻譯題

WhyistheNativeLanguageLearntSoWell?Howdoesithappenthatchildrenlearntheirmothertonguesowell?Whenwecomparethemwithadultslearningaforeignlanguage,weoftenfindthisinterestingfactalittlechildwithoutknowledgeorexperienceoftensucceedsinacompletemasteryofthelanguage.Agrown-uppersonwithfullydevelopedmentalpowers,inmostcases,mayendupwithafaultyandinexactcommand.Whataccountsforthisdifference?

Despiteotherexplanations,therealanswerinmyopinionliespartlyinthechildhimself,partlyinthebehaviorofthepeoplearoundhim.Inthefirstplace,thetimeoflearningthemothertongueisthemostfavorableofall,namely,thefirstyearsoflife.Achildhearsitspokenfrommorningtillnightand,whatismoreimportant,alwaysinitsgenuineform,withtherightpronunciation,rightintonation,rightuseofwordsandrightstructure.Hedrinksinallthewordsandexpressionswhichcometohiminafresh,ever-bubblingspring.Thereisnoresistance:thereisperfectassimilation.

Thenthechildhas,asitwere,privatelessonsalltheyearround,whileanadultlanguage-studenthaseachweekalimitednumberofhourswhichhegenerallyshareswithothers.Thechildhasanotheradvantage:hehearsthelanguageinallpossiblesituations,alwaysaccompaniedbytherightkindofgesturesandfacialexpressions.Herethereisnothingunnatural,suchasisoftenfoundinlanguagelessonsinschools,whenonetalksabouticeandsnowinJuneorscorchingheatinJanuary.Andwhatachildhearsisge