現在完成時語法及練習現在完成時語法及練習現在完成時語法及練習xxx公司現在完成時語法及練習文件編號：文件日期：修訂次數：第1.0次更改批準審核制定方案設計，管理制度現在完成時語法及練習Class__________Name_________Number_________一、現在完成時的構成：主語+have/has+過去分詞（過去分詞:規則動詞的過去分詞構成與動詞過去式相同；不規則動詞需要特殊記憶。）專項練習（一）()1.IEnglishinthisschoolsince1999.A.taught B.havetaughtC.teachD.wouldteach()2.LiLei________thepenforfiveyears.A.hashad B.bought C.havehadD.havebought()3.Kate________hergrandmother'sphotobefore.A.haven'tseen B.haveseenC.seeD.hasn'tseen()4._______Mary_______youthesedaysA.Has,seenB.Do,seeC.Did,seeD.Is,seeing()5.Sofar,we_______thousandsofbuildingsinGuangzhouA.buildB.havebuildC.buildD.willbuild二、否定式：主語+haven’t/hasn’t+過去分詞。

疑問式：Have/Has+主語+過去分詞

簡略答語：Yes,主語+have/has.(肯定)No,主語+haven’t/hasn’t.(否定)專項練習（二）()1.--Haveyoufinishedyourwork--.A.Yes,Ihave.B.Yes,Ido.C.Yes,Iam.D.Yes,Idid.()2.--HassheeverlearnedEnglish---A.Yes,shehas.B.Yes,shedoes.C.No,shedoesn’tD.No,shehas()3.Hefinishedhishomework.yet.A.doesn’t B.haven’t C.hasn’tD.doesn’thave三、現在完成時的含義之一：表示過去發生或已經完成的動作對現在造成的影響或結果，常與never/ever，just，already/yet，before，sofar等連用。（1）以already,just和yet為標志，already,just和yet表示到現在為止動作或狀態已經、剛剛或還沒有發生。如：我已經完成了我的作業。Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.

他剛剛看過這部電影。Hehasjustseenthefilm.

他還沒有回來。Hehasn’tcomebackyet.。（2）以ever和never為標志。ever和never表示到現在為止動作或狀態曾經或從來沒有發生過。

如：這是我看過的最好看的電影。ThisisthebestfilmIhaveeverseen.

他從來沒有去過北京。HehasneverbeentoBeijing.

（3）以動作發生的次數為標志。

若某一動作到現在為止已經發生了若干次，則要使用現在完成時。

如：他說他已經去過美國三次。HesayshehasbeentotheUSAthreetimes.（4）以sofar為標志。

sofar往往表示到目前為止動作或狀態已經發生。

如：到目前為止，他已經收集了幾千張郵票。Hehascollectedthousandsofstampssofar.專項練習（三）()1.--Haveyoutravelledonthetrain--Yes,Ihave.A.never B.everC.justD.yet()2.--Haveyoufinishedyourhomework--Not_________.A.everB.alreadyC.yetD.just()3.Wehaven'tfinishedourhomework.A.already B.ever C.yetD.never()4.--HaveyoulearnedEnglish--Yes,I'velearnedalot.A.never,ever B.ever,never C.ever,already D.already,ever()5.--Haveyoufinishedyourhomework--Yes,I'vedonethatA.yet,alreadyB.already,yetC.ever,neverD.still,just()6.John'sfatherborrowedsomepictures.A.havealreadyB.hasjustC.haveeverD.hasyet四、現在完成時含義之二：表示過去已經開始，一直延續到現在的動作或狀態。常與for，since,，howlong，thesedays等連用。（1）Since+過去點的時間。（since短語或從句表示過去的動作延續至今，since之后的時間為過去的某個時間點）如：史密斯先生1984年就在這工作了。Mr.Smithhasworkedheresince1984.他讀大學以來已經學會了大約5000個單詞。He’slearnedabout5,000Englishwordssincehewenttocollege.（2）for+一段時間（數詞+量詞），（for短語表示動作延續多長時間，for后接時間段。對時間段提問用疑問詞howlong提問。）如：我們已經認識二十年了。Wehaveknowneachotherfortwentyyears.我很長時間沒看到她了。Ihaven’tseenherforalongtime.專項練習（四）A.用since和for填空1.HehaslivedinNanjing________theyearbeforelast.2.I’veknownhim__________wewerechildren.3.OurteacherhasstudiedJapanese_________threeyears.4.Shehasbeenawayfromthecity___________abouttenyears.5.It’sabouttenyears__________sheleftthecity.B.選擇填空：()1.I'vebeenlikethiseversince.A.lastweekB.foraweekC.aweekbeforeD.thelastweek()2.Mymotherhasworkedinthisfactory2years.A.aboutB.forC.inD.since()3.Ihaven'theardfromhimlastweek.A.sinceB.forC.agoD.before()4.Hisfatherjoinedtheparty_________A.forthreeyearsB.sincethreeyearsagoC.threeyearsagoD.intwoyears'time()5.Hemovedherein1999,andhehasbeenhere.A.atthattimeB.forfiveyearsagoC.sincefouryearsD.forfouryears()6.Tomhasbeenawayfromhomeaboutfivedaysago.A.\B.inC.sinceD.for五、句式：主句（現在完成時）＋since+從句（一般過去時）專項練習（五）()Englishinourschooleversinceshehere.A.hastaught,come B.taught,cameC.hastaught,hascome D.teaches,hascome()2.OurEnglishteacherinourschoolsincehetoChina.A.hastaught,comeB.taught,comeC.hastaught,hascomeD.teaches,hascome()inGuangzhousincesheborninA.haslived,hasbeenB.haslived,wasC.lived,hasbeenD.lived,was六、句式：It’s＋一段時間＋since從句（用一般過去時）專項練習（六）()’stenyearssinceshe.A.hasleft B.hasbeenawayC.left D.leave()2.It’sthreeyearssincehethearmy.A.hasjoinedB.hasbeeninC.joinD.joined七、havebeenin,havebeento與havegoneto的用法（1）have(has)beenin表示“在某地呆多長時間”，常與表示一段時間的狀語連用，如：since,for,howlong等。如：布朗先生在上海已經三天了。Mr.BrownhasbeeninShanghaiforthreedays.（2）have(has)beento表示“曾經去過某地”，現在已經不在那里了。可與just,ever,never等連用。 如：我已經去過郵局了。Ihavejustbeentothepostoffice.瑪麗從來沒有去過長城。MaryhasneverbeentotheGreatWall.你去過杭州嗎HaveyoueverbeentoHangzhou注意：have(has)beento后面可接次數，表示去過某地幾次。： 如：我去過北京三次。IhavebeentoBeijingthreetimes.。他們去過那個村子幾次了。Theyhavebeentothatvillageseveraltimes.（3）have(has)goneto意為“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。總之，說話時該人不在現場，一般不用第一、第二人稱代詞作句子的主語。如：湯姆在哪他去書店了。--WhereisTom--Hehasgonetothebookshop.。杰克去倫敦了。他三天后會回來。JackhasgonetoLondon.專項練習（七）()1.Mrs.Whitesisn'there,sheLondon,shetheremanytimes.A.hasbeento,wentB.hasgoneto,hasbeenC.wentto,hasgoneD.hasbeento,hasgone()2.Shehas_______toBeijingtwice.A.goneB.gotC.beenD.come()3.--Whereyourfather,LiLei--ToBeijingA.have,beenB.has,beenC.have,goneD.has,gone()4.Mr.Greenisn'tintheoffice,Hetothelibrary.A.hasgoneB.wentC.hasbeenD.willgo()5.Mr.SmithtoTokyoandhewillbebackinaweek.A.hasbeenB.hasvisitedC.hassentD.hasgone()_____Chinafortwoyears.A.havebeentoB.havebeeninC.havegonetoD.havecometo八、Howlong與現在完成時專項練習（八）()haveyoubeenhere---SincelastyearA.HowfarB.HowlongC.HowoftenD.Howsoon()2.___________hasHanMeibeeninthelibrary.A.HowlongB.HowsoonC.HowfarD.Howoften()long______he_______thelibrarybook.A.has,borrowB.has,keptC.has,boughtD.did,buy九、短暫性動詞在與一段時間連用時，需要轉換成延續性動詞。專項練習（九）()HowlongcanIthisbook--TwoweeksA.borrowB.keepC.lendD.return()2.Herfatherin1990andherhusbandformorethanfiveyearsA.died,deadB.hasdied,deadC.died,hasbeendeadD.hasdied,hasdied()3.Ihavethisnicewatchfortwoyears.A.hadB.boughtC.borrowedD.lend()4.Hehishomefortenyears.A.hasleftB.leftfromC.hasbeenawayfromD.wasawayfrom()5.HealeaguememberforthreeyearsA.isB.hasbeenC.hasbecomeD.havebecome()6.LiHua'sbrotherhasfortwoyears.A.joinedthearmyB.beenanarmyC.becomeasoldierD.beeninthearmy()7.Hehasn'tGuangzhoueversinceheleftschoolA.leftB.beenawayC.beenD.away十、現在完成時與一般過去時的用法比較：（1）現在完成時表示過去的動作一直延續到現在甚至會繼續下去，或表示過去的動作對現在造成的影響；一般過去時表示動作發生的時間在過去。試比較：Theplanehasarrived.飛機已經來了。（說明現在的情況：飛機在這兒）Theplanearrivedaquarterago.飛機一刻鐘以前來的。（強調動作發生的時間在過去）Ihavetaughthereforfifteenyears.我在這兒已經教了十五年。（表示十五年前的動作一直延續到現在，還可能會繼續。）Itaughthereforayear.我過去在這兒教過一年。（表示“我”現在已經不在這兒任教了）（2）When常與一般過去時連用，Howlong常與現在完成時連用如：你什么時候來的北京WhendidyoucometoBeijing你來北京多長時間了HowlonghaveyoubeeninBeijing專項練習（十）()1.--Haveyoufinishedyourhomework--Yes,Iitlastnight.A.finishB.finishedC.havefinishedD.willfinish()2.--youevertoNanjing--Yes,Itherelastyear.A.Have,gone;havegoneB.Have,been;wentC.Did,go;wentD.Did,go;has,been()3.--WhenyouLucyinNewYork--IherefortwoyearsA.did,meet;haven'tseenB.did,meet;haven'tseenC.did,meet;don'tseeD.would,meet;hadn'tseen()4.--Howlong_youBeijing---Forabouttenyears.A.have,cometoB.have,beeninC.did,cometoC.have,goneto用have(has)been或have(has)gone填空。A:Where____________LiFei___________B:He____________toHainanA:Howlong___________he___________thereB:He_____________thereforthreedays.A:Whenwillhecomeback,doyouknowB:I’mafraidhewon’tcomebackrecently.A:CouldyoutellmethewaytoHainanB:Sorry,I_________never___________there.A:Howmanytimes___________LiFei__________tothatplaceB:He_____________thereonlyonce.B）用have/hasbeento/in,havegoneto的各種形式填空。WhereisJackHe__________hiscountry.David________theparkjustnow.John_______EnglandHowlong_____have_____thisvillageTheSmiths______Beijingforyears._____youever____America--Yes,I_____theremanytimes.I_____thisschoolsincethreeyearsago.WhereisJimHe_____thefarm.[Exercises10]A）按要求把短暫性轉換為延續性動詞①arriveat/insw.getto/e/go/movetosw.→beinsw./atschool/athome/onthefarm/behere/bethereHegottoBeijingfiveminutesago.He__________________________Beijingfor__________________.ImovedtotheUSAlastyear.I__________________________theUSAsince____________________.Iwenthomeyesterday.I________________________homefor___________________.Theycameherelastweek.They__________________heresince___________________.②come/goback,return→beback come/goout→beoutHecameouttwoyearsago.He____________________________for____________________.WereturntoFuzhouyesterday.We_________________________toFuzhousince__________.③become→beIbecameateacherin2000.I__________________ateacherfor__________________.Theriverbecamedirtylastyear.Theriver__________________dirtyfor___________________.④close→beclosedopen→beopenTheshopclosedtwohoursago.Theshop__________________________for__________________.Thedooropenedatsixinthemorning.Thedoor________________________forsixhours.⑤getup→beupdie→bedead leavesw.→beawayfromsw. fallasleep/gettotsleep→beasleep finish/end→beovermarry→bemarriedIgotuptwohoursago.I________________________since________________.HeleftFuzhoujustnow.He________________________________Fuzhouforfiveminutes.Mygrandpadiedin2002.Mygrandpa______________________for_______________.Themeetingfinishedatsix.Themeeting____________________forsixhours.Igottosleeptwohoursago.I__________________________since___________________.Theymarriedin1990.They___________________________since_________.⑥start/begintodosth.→dosth. begin→beonIbegantoteachatthisschoolin1995.I________atthisschoolsince____.Thefilmbegantwominutesago.Thefilm____________for________.⑦borrow→keep lose→nothave buy→have puton→wear catch/getacold→haveacold gettoknow→knowTheyborroweditlastweek.They__________________itsince____________________.Iboughtapentw