2010年中考英語復習——形容詞、副詞考點講解和訓練【考點直擊】1.形容詞的用法；2.副詞的用法；3.形容詞和副詞原級、比較級、最高級的用法；4.形容詞和副詞在句中的區別和位置。【名師點睛】1.形容詞的用法(1)形容詞在句中作定語,表語,賓語補足語。例如：Ourcountryisabeautifulcountry.（作定語）Thefishwentbad.（作表語）Wekeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.（作賓語補足語）(2)形容詞修飾something,anything,nothing,everything等不定代詞時,形容詞放在名詞后面。Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.Isthereanythinginterestinginthefilm.(3)用and或or連接起來的兩個形容詞作定語時一般把它們放在被修飾的名詞后面。起進一步解釋的作用。Everybody,manandwoman,oldandyoung,shouldattendthemeeting.Youcantakeanyboxaway,bigorsmall.(4)the＋形容詞表示一類人或物Therichshouldhelpthepoor.2.副詞的用法(1)副詞在句中可作狀語,表語和定語。Hestudiesveryhard.（作狀語）Lifehereisfullofjoy.（作定語）Whenwillyoubeback?（作表語）副詞按其用途和含義可分為下面五類：1)時間副詞時間副詞通常用來表示動作的時間。常見的時間副詞有：nowtoday,tomorrow,yesterday,before,late,early,never,seldom,sometimes,often,usually,always等。例如：Heoftencomestoschoollate.Whatarewegoingtodotomorrow?HeisneverbeentoBeijing.2)地點副詞地點副詞通常用來表示動作發生的地點。常見的地點副詞有：here,there,inside,outside,home,upstairs,downstairs,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere,somewhere,down,up,off,on,in,out等。例如：Imetanoldfriendofmineonmywayhome.Hewentupstairs.Putdownyournamehere.3)方式副詞方式副詞一般都是回答“怎樣的？”這類問題的，其中絕大部分都是由一個形容詞加詞尾-ly構成的,有少數方式副詞不帶詞尾-ly,它們與形容詞同形。常見的方式副詞有：anxiously,badly,bravely,calmly,carefully,proudly,rapidly,suddenly,successfully,angrily,happily,slowly,warmly,well,fast,slow,quick,hard,alone,high,straight,wide等。例如：Theoldmanwalkedhomeslowly.Pleaselistentotheteachercarefully.Thebirdsareflyinghigh.Herunsveryfast.4)程度副詞程度副詞多數用來修飾形容詞和副詞，有少數用來修飾動詞或介詞短語。常見的程度副詞有：much,(a)little,abit,very,so,too,enough,quite,rather,pretty,greatly,completely,nearly,almost,deeply,hardly,partly等。例如：Herpronunciationisverygood.Shesingsquitewell.Icanhardlyagreewithyou.5)疑問副詞是用來引導特殊疑問句的副詞。常見的疑問副詞有：how,when,where,why等。例如：Howareyougettingalongwithyourstudies?Wherewereyouyesterday?Whydidyoudothat?(2)副詞在句中的位置1)多數副詞作狀語時放在動詞之后。如果動詞帶有賓語，則放在賓語之后。例如：MrSmithworksveryhard.ShespeaksEnglishwell.2)頻度副詞作狀語時，通常放在行為動詞之前，情態動詞，助動詞和be動詞之后。例如：Heusuallygetsupearly.I’veneverheardhimsinging.Sheisseldomill.3)程度副詞一般放在所修飾的形容詞和副詞的前面,但enough作副詞用時，通常放在被修飾詞的后面。例如：Itisaratherdifficultjob.Herunsveryfast.Hedidn’tworkhardenough.4)副詞作定語時，一般放在被修飾的名詞之后。例如：Onmywayhome,Imetmyuncle.Thestudentstherehavealottimetodotheirownresearchwork.(3)部分常用副詞的用法1)very,much這兩個副詞都可表示“很”，但用法不同。Very用來修飾形容詞和副詞的原級，而much用來修飾形容詞和副詞的比較級。例如：SheisaverynicegirlI’mfeelingmuchbetternow.Much可以修飾動詞，而very則不能。例如：Idon’tliketheideamuch.Theydidnottalkmuch.2)too,either這兩個副詞都表示“也”，但too用于肯定句，either用于否定句。例如：Shecandance,andIcandance,too.Ihaven’treadthebookandmybrotherhasn’teither.3)already,yetalready一般用于語肯定句，yet一般用于否定句。例如：Hehasalreadyleft.Haveyouheardfromhimyet?Hehasn’tansweredyet.4)so,neitherso和neither都可用于倒裝句，但so表示肯定，neither表示否定。例如：MybrotherlikesfootballandsodoI.Mybrotherdoesn’tlikedancingandneitherdoI.3.形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級(1)兩個人或事物的比較時（不一定每一方只有一個人或一個事物），用比較級。Ourteacheristallerthanweare.Theboysinherclassaretallerthantheboysinyourclass.(2)most同形容詞連用而不用the,表示"極,很,非常,十分"。It'smostdangeroustobehere.在這兒太危險。(3)"The+形容詞比較級...,the+形容詞比較級..."表示"越...就越..."。Themoreyoustudy,themoreyouknow.(4)"形容詞比較級+and+形容詞比較級",表示"越來越..."。It'sgettinghotterandhotter.(5)主語+謂語(系動詞)+as+形容詞原形+as+從句。表示兩者對比相同。Thisboxisasbigasmine.(6)the+形容詞表示某種人。Healwayshelpsthepoor.(7)形容詞和副詞最高級用于三個或三個以上的人和物進行比較。ShanghaiisoneofthebiggestcitiesinChina.【實例解析】1.(2004年北京市中考試題)---Whichis________,thesun,themoonortheearth?---Ofcoursethemoonis.A.smallB.smallerC.smallestD.thesmallest答案：D。該題考查的是形容詞的比較等級的用法。因為是太陽，地球和月亮三者進行比較，選用形容詞的最高級，而且最高級之前要加定冠詞the。所以選D。2.(2004年上海徐匯區中考試題)Hehasmade_______progressthistermthanbefore.A.littleB.lessC.fewerD.much答案B。該題考查的是形容詞比較等級的用法。因為是現在和過去進行比較，所以要用比較級，又因為是修飾不可數名詞，只能用less,而不能用fewer。3.(2004年江西省中考試題)---Whatdeliciouscakes!---Theywouldtaste_______withbutter.A.goodB.betterC.badD.worse答案：B。該題考查的是形容詞的比較等級。答話人的意思應該是“如果加上點黃油，這些蛋糕會更好吃。”這里就有一種比較：加黃油和不加黃油。既然是比較，就要用比較級。因為這里講的是好吃和更好吃，所以C,D要舍去，而選better。4.(2004年河北省中考試題)Bobneverdoeshishomework________Mary.Hemakeslotsofmistakes.A.socarefulasB.ascarefullyasC.carefullyasD.ascarefulas答案：B。該題考查的是形容詞和副詞的用法區別。因為該詞修飾的是動作“做家庭作業”，所以要用副詞。又因為表示一方不如另一方要用句型“notas+副詞原級+as”，所以只能選B。【中考演練】一.單項填空1．Therearemanyyoungtreeson

sidesoftheroad.A.every

B.each

C.both

D.all2．---It’ssocoldtoday.---Yes,it’s

thanitwasyesterday.A.morecold

B.morecolder

C.muchcolder

D.cold3．LittleTomhas

friends,soheoftenplaysalone.A.more

B.alittle

C.many

D.few4．Sheisn’tso

atmathsasyouare.A.well

B.good

C.better

D.best5．Peterwrites

ofthethree.A.better

B.best

C.good

D.well6．Heis

enoughtocarrytheheavybox.A.stronger

B.muchstronger

C.strong

D.thestrongest7．Ibought

exercise-bookswith

money.A.afew;afew

B.afew;alittle

C.alittle;afew

D.alittle;alittle8．Theboxis

heavyforthegirl

carry.A.too;to

B.to;too

C.so;that

D.no;to9．Theiceinthelakeisaboutonemeter

.It’sstrongenoughtoskateon.A.long

B.high

C.thick

D.wide10．WuLinran

fasterthantheotherboysinthesportsmeeting.A.so

B.much

C.very

D.too11.Jonelooksso_______todaybecauseshehasgotan“A”inhermathstest.A.happyB.happilyC.angryD.angrily12.Thesmileonmyfather’sfaceshowedthathewas______withme.A.sadB.pleasedC.angryD.sorry13.---Mum,couldyoubuymeadresslikethis?---Certainly,wecanbuy______onethanthis,but______this.A.abetter;betterthanB.aworse;asgoodasC.acheaper;asgoodasD.amoreimportant;goodas14.---Thisdigitalcameraisreallycheap!---The______thebetter.I’mshortofmoney,yousee.A.cheapB.cheaperC.expensiveD.moreexpensive15.IfyouwanttolearnEnglishwell,youmustuseitas_______aspossible.A.oftenB.longC.hardD.soon16.Paulhas______friendsexceptme,andsometimeshefeelslonely.A.manyB.someC.fewD.more17.Englishpeople_____useMr.Beforeaman’sfirstname.A.neverB.usuallyC.oftenD.sometimes18.---OnemoresatellitewassentupintospaceinChinainMay.---Right.Thegovernmentspoke______that.A.highlyforB.highofC.wellofD.highlyof19.---Rememberthis,children.______carefulyouare,______mistakesyouwillmake.---Weknow,MissGao.A.Themore;themoreB.Thefewer;themoreC.Themore;thefewerD.Theless;theless20.Ihave________todotoday.A.anythingimportantB.somethingimportantC.importantnothingD.importantsomething二.用所給單詞的適當形式填空1.Mypursewasstolenonthebusyesterday.__________(Fortunate),therewasnomoneyinit.2.Mobilephonesare_________(wide)usedinmostofthecitiesinChina.3.Heputonhiscoatandwentout________(quick).4.Sheis______(good)thanLiPingatswimming.5.AlotChinesepeopleare_______(pride)ofYaoMing,afamousbasketballstarinNBA.6.Tooursurprise,hesuddenlyreturnedonacold______(snow)night.7.Allieaskedme______(polite)toputthethingsaway.8.It’ssnowinghard.Youmustdrive________(careful).9.Theearthweliveonis_______(big)thanthemoon.10.Hainanisaverylargeisland.It’sthesecond________(large)islandinChina.三.用適當的形容詞或副詞填空(首字母已給出)1.Alargenumberofmouthsmustbefedinthoselessd________countries.2.Th