1、2022新高考衡水名師原創英語專題卷：專題八七選五說明類專練（90分鐘 100分）考點01：冠詞 3顆星考點03：介詞和介詞短語 2顆星考點04: 名詞 3顆星 考點06：形容詞和副詞 5顆星考點08：非謂語動詞 5顆星考點09：動詞的時態和語態 5顆星考點10：定語從句 3顆星考點12 并列連詞 4顆星考點13 狀語從句 3顆星考點24：七選五說明文專練 5顆星第I卷（選擇題）（每題2分，共40分）一、根據短文內容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。 September 23 marks the start of a new season. _In Grea

2、t Britain, the third season of the year usually has only one name: autumn. But if you travel across the Atlantic, youll find that people use both fall and autumn interchangeably when referring to this time of year, making it the only season in the English language with two widely accepted names. _ A

3、ccording to D, fall isnt a modern name that followed the more traditional autumn. The two terms are actually first recorded within a few hundred years of each other, with the term fall being used even a bit earlier. _The word is of Germanic origin and meant picking or collecting ,a nod to the act of

4、 gathering and preserving crops in the field before winter. In the 1500s, English speakers began referring to the season separating the hot and cold months as either the fall of the leaf or the spring of the leaf, or fall and spring for short._ By the end of the 1600s, autumn, from the French word a

5、utomne and the Latin autumnus , had overtaken fall as the standard British term for the third season. Around the same time England adopted autumn, the first-ever British American colonists(殖民者)were voyaging to North America._While the former fell out of fashion overseas, it established itself in the

6、 local vocabulary by the time America won its independence. Today, using both words to describe the season before winter is still a unique American behavior.A.The Americans prefer using fall to using autumn.B.With them they brought the words fall and autumn.C.So what is it about the season that make

7、s it so special?D.But for some reason, only spring had staying power in Britain.E.It is time to gather apples,rice and other things for the farmers.F.However, what exactly you should call that season depends on where you are.G.Before either word appeared,the season between summer and winter was know

8、n as harvest.二、根據短文內容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Most Americans love Chinese food. However, the Chinese food served in most American restaurants is very different from the authentic cuisine enjoyed daily by people living in China._Then many Chinese immigrants had trouble landing a job in Amer

9、ica. To make a living, some of them opened restaurants. Over these years, Chinese cuisine has been adapted to reflect Western influences. _The Chinese food found in Western restaurants is mainly cooked through frying. Many dishes are cooked using various frying methods. However, traditional Chinese

10、food is rarely cooked through frying. Instead, methods such as baking, steaming, boiling and fermenting (發酵) are more commonly used. Another big difference between authentic and westernized Chinese food is the ingredients used._Some ingredients like carrots, onions and tomatoes are not often used in

11、 authentic Chinese cooking. In addition, while you can find some Western cuisines that use strange meats like pig ears most Western cultures are pretty conservative about the meats they consume. Authentic Chinese food, in contrast, uses a wider variety of protein sources, including tofu, snake, chic

12、ken feet, duck blood and many more that Westerners generally wouldnt choose to eat. _Sweet and Sour Chicken, for example, has no equivalent(同等物)in traditional Chinese cuisine. Similarly, the fortune cookie is a completely American invention.Indeed, there are numerous differences between authentic an

13、d westernized Chinese cuisine, but Western palates (味覺) adapt to new flavors easily._.A.The history of westernized Chinese food started in the mid-1800s.B.WesternizedChinesefoodfeaturesvegetablesthatarecommonin Westerncuisines.C. There are so many regions of China, and they all prepare their dishes

14、a little bit differently. D. So it may only be a matter of time before authentic Chinese food becomes popular in America.E.ManyofthemostpopularChinesedishesintheWestarenotservedin Chineserestaurantsatall.F. Deep frying food is quick, which is why you can usually get your Chinese food in just a few m

15、inutes.G.One of the main differences between authentic and westernized Chinese food lies in cooking methods. 三、 Many countries have traditional dishes, made with special ingredients (原料)and prepared in a certain way. _, and when tourists visit, these are the foods they want to try. But why are some

16、foods more popular than others in certain areas? Traditional ingredients Typical recipes (菜譜)are usually made with native plant and animal products. For example, Korean dishes often include rice and soybeans because both plants are native to East Asia and grow well in hot, wet areas. In contrast, wh

17、eat grows well in drier areas, like the Middle East, where bread is a common staple (主要的)food. _,whereas inland cuisines(菜肴)tend to use more meat from farm animals. Food preservation Local cuisines often depend on how people traditionally prepared food for storage. In warm weather, meat and fish can

18、 go off quickly, so they must be cooked right away or preserved(貯存)for later._,for that reason, modern Norwegian cuisine includes many smoked foods. Cooking techniques _ In China, people often fry food in a deep metal pan or steam it in a basket over hot water. In Morocco, people cook traditional di

19、shes in a special pot called a tajine. And some local dishes arent cooked at all. Imported (進口的)ingredients Sometimes local cuisines include ingredients that originally came from another place. _ while many Russian dishes are made with potatoes. However, all of these ingredients were brought to Euro

20、pe from South America in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. But now they are common around the world.A.Seafood is often a key ingredient in coastal areasB.There is a danger that local food traditions will be lostC.Many different cooking techniques are used around the worldD.For example, Italian

21、dishes often include tomatoes and peppersE.These local dishes can become symbols of a place and its cultureF.Nowadays, we can buy food products from all around the worldG.In Norway, the Vikings used to cure meat and fish by smoking them over a fire四、根據短文內容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Curling(冰

22、壺) is a winter sport played on ice. Therefore, its most popular in northern countries like Canada. Curlimg is played in the USA by about 15,000 people._Scottish winters were long and there were forms of entertainment. So people began making a sport out of sliding heavy stones on the frozen lakes. Th

23、e game spread, and in the 1700s curling clubs formed. Then Scottish soldiers brought it to North America._Men, women, and children often compete on the same team, if they can slide a forty-pound stone down the ice! Both teams slide their stones toward the same goal. After all 16 stones have been cas

24、t, the team whose stone has slid closest to the goal gets one point._The ice is so smooth and the stone is so heavy that even the smallest misjudgment in a throw can make the stone slide much too far or stop too suddenly. _Water helps the stone slide, but it can also change the stones path.In curlin

25、g, a broom is part of each players equipment. A good curler must know how much force to use. The player must know the exact conditions of the ice on the court._That may explain why the international Olympic Committee decided to make curling an Olympic sport in 1998.A. Players compete on the court.B.

26、 Then the play begins in the other direction.C. Curling is played by teams of four people.D. In other words, a good curler must be a fine athlete.E. The rules are easy to learn, but playing the game is hard.F. The melting of the ice makes things tough for the curlers.G. Curling probably began in Sco

27、tland in the 1500s or earlier.第 = 2 * ROMAN II卷（非選擇題）（每題1.5分，共60分）一、閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。 Earth Day is an event _(annual) celebrated on April 22. _(found) by Senator Gaylord Nelson, an American politician and environmentalist, it was originally aimed at helping the public to know the curr

28、ent situation of air and water pollution and _(get) people to care about the earth. In 1962, Rachel Carsons bestselling book “Silent Spring” created an _(aware) of the dangerous effects of pesticides(農藥). Then, a fire, _broke out in 1969 on Clevelands Guyahoga River, shed light on the problem of che

29、mical pollution in water. Senator Gaylord Nelson dreamed of _similar large event that would get people to take environmental issues seriously. In 1969, he was inspired by protests against the Vietnam War and came up with the idea for Earth Day. In the fall of 1969, Nelson announced it and appealed t

30、o the entire country to get involved. Consequently, telegrams, letters and telephone calls_all over the country poured in. Since 1970, Earth Day celebration have grown. Later, Nelson _(award) the Presidential Medal of Freedom in recognition of his work. Today, Earth Day is celebrated around the worl

31、d every April 22. Sometimes numerous communities celebrate Earth Week, an entire week of _(Activity) focused on the environmental issues. In 2017, the March for Science _(occur) on Earth Day (April 22, 2017) and was followed by the Peoples Climate Mobilization (April 29, 2017).二、閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當的單詞

32、或括號內單詞的正確形式。Eating a diet rich in high-quality protein蛋白質)may help you maintain a healthy weight by _(make) you feel full longer, and fueling you with extra energy for exercising.High-protein _(diet) arent balanced in terms of the essential nutrients, vitamins, and fiber your body needs. However, a

33、diet that is too high in animal protein can _(actual) lead to weight gain over time. A study found that those who ate more red and processed meat put on _(much) weight, about one extra pound every four years, while those who ate more nuts over the course of the study _(gain) only half as much weight

34、.Some people are able to lose weight on high-protein diets in the short-term but this weight loss is not due to eating more animal protein, _simply due to consuming fewer calories. A safer way _(lose) weight is to reduce sugar intake and calories, while maintaining a nutritionally balanced diet _is

35、rich in plant-based proteins.For most of us, consuming the right balance of whole foods each day will provide us _all the nutrients we need. There is also no _(evident)that protein from a powder or bar can improve athletic performance any more than protein from food.三、 Tea is an important part of Ch

36、inese tradition. The practice of drinking tea has _long history in China, having originated there. Nowadays, Chinese tea generally represents tea leaves which have been processed _(use) methods inherited from ancient China.According to popular legend, tea _(discover) by Chinese Emperor Shen Nong in

37、2737 BC _a leaf from a nearby shrub fell into the water the emperor was boiling. The Emperor was interested in the new liquid, _(drink) some carefully, and found it very refreshing. And so, tea was said to be created in 2737 BC.Tea is deeply woven into the history and culture of China. The beverage(

38、飲料)is considered one of the seven _(necessity) of Chinese life, along with firewood, rice, oil, salt, soy sauce and vinegar. Around 771BC476 BC the Chinese tea was used _(help) treat some diseases. Most Chinese teas are cultivated and consumed in China. Tea shops and tea houses in the street are eas

39、ily found in China. Meanwhile, they are also exported internationally due _a rise in the _(popular) of Chinese cuisine worldwide. Tea has become one of Chinese specific drinks in the world. It is _(common) available in Chinese restaurants and grocery shops worldwide.四、閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式

40、。The Internet recently revealed many of Chinas technological _(improve) when Chinese state media claimed that online shopping, high-speed rail, bike sharing and electronic payment systems are Chinas “four new great inventions”.Xinhua News Agency said the country deserved credit for the inventions, _

41、(compare) them to the inventions of ancient China: compass, gunpowder, paper, and _(print). The so-called “four new great inventions” were based _last years survey conducted by the Silk Road Research Institute. In the survey, Chinas foreign students from 20 countries near the “Belt and Road Initiati

42、ve(一帶一路)”_(ask) to pick Chinas “four new great inventions” that they wanted their home countries _(use). Meanwhile, Chinese students said that they just needed to stay focused on their _(day) job in an effort to make more contributions to our country.Xinhuas article notes that it is Chinese people _

43、bring the inventions to the worlds top level with their intelligence and creativity. Among them, the “four new great inventions” stand out, _have brought peoples life much _(convenient).答案以及解析I、一、答案：-FCGDB解析：考查細節支撐句.空前提到了a new season,空后講大不列顛和大西洋彼岸對這一季節叫法的不同,故F項符合語境,選項中的that season和depends on where y

44、ou are分別與文中內容對應.考查承上啟下句.空前提到秋天有兩種叫法,下文是對此的解釋,C項那么是什么讓這個季節變得如此特別連接上下文,符合題意.考查段落主旨句.上文提到了一個季節的兩種叫法,結合下文的The word可知,空處所填句中應用一個有關秋季另一種叫法的單詞,G項在兩個詞出現之前,夏季和冬季之間的季節被稱為harvest符合題意.考查細節支撐句.上文講到在16世紀,以英語為母語的人開始用樹葉的落下(簡稱fall)或生長(簡稱spring)來指代炎熱和寒冷的月份之間的那個季節,空后提到了17世紀末,autumn取代fall成為指代第三個季節的標準英國用詞,由此推斷,空處應說明spri

45、ng該詞的情況,故選D.考查細節支撐句.空前講大約在英格蘭采用autumn來指代秋天的同一時間,第一批去美國的英國殖民者開始漂洋過海到了北美,空后提到前一個詞雖然在大洋彼岸不再流行,但卻在美國獨立后站穩了腳跟.B項中的them they對應了空前的the first-ever British American colonists(殖民者),B項中的fall對應了空后的the former.二、答案：1. A2. G3. B4. E5. D解析： 【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文,介紹了正宗中國菜和西式中國菜的主要不同,包括烹飪方法和所采用的食材等等。1、【答案】A【解析】根據空格后Then man

46、y Chinese immigrants had trouble landing a job in America.(那時,許多中國移民在美國找工作遇到困難),可知空格是指一段時期,A項西式中餐的歷史始于19世紀中期。符合語境,故填此答案。2、【答案】G【解析】根據空格后The Chinese food found in Western restaurants is mainly cooked through frying. Many dishes are cooked using various frying methods. However, traditional Chinese foo

47、d is rarely cooked through frying.(在西餐廳的中餐主要是通過油炸來烹調的。許多菜是用各種油炸方法烹調的。然而,中國傳統食品很少通過油炸來烹調),可知是比較兩種菜的烹飪方法的不同,G項One of the main differences between authentic and westernized Chinese food lies in cooking methods.正宗中餐和西式餐的主要區別之一在于烹調方法。符合語境,故填此答案。3、【答案】B【解析】根據空格前Another big difference between authentic and

48、 westernized Chinese food is the ingredients used(正宗中餐和西式中餐的另一大區別是所用的食材),可知空格與材料有關,B項西式中餐以西餐中常見的蔬菜為特色。符合語境,故填此答案。4、【答案】E【解析】根據空格后Sweet and Sour Chicken, for example, has no equivalent in traditional Chinese cuisine.(例如,糖醋雞在中國傳統菜肴中沒有同等物),可知E項在西方,許多最受歡迎的中國菜在中國餐館里根本沒有提供。符合語境,故填此答案。5、【答案】D【解析】根據空格前but W

49、estern palates adapt to new flavors easily(但西方的味覺很容易適應新的口味),可知空格為由此產生的結果,D項所以,地道的中國菜在美國流行可能只是時間問題。符合語境,故填此答案。三、答案：-EAGCD解析：根據上文“ Many countries have traditional dishes, made with special ingredients(原料) and prepared in a certain way.”以及后面的“ and when tourists visit, these are the foods they want to t

50、ry”可知,E項“這些地方菜可以成為一個地方以及其文化的象征”符合語境,故選E項。根據后面的“ whereas inland cuisines(菜肴) tend to use more meat from farm animals”可知,該空引出下文,A項“海產品通常是沿海地區的關鍵原料”符合語境,故選A項。根據后面的“ for that reason, modern Norwegian cuisine includes many smoked foods”可知,該空引出下文,G項“在挪威,維京人過去常常在爐火上烤制肉和魚”符合語境,故選G項。根據下文“ In China, people of

51、ten fry food in a deep metal pan or steam it in a basket over hot water. In Morocco, people cook traditional dishes in a special pot called a tajine. And some local dishes arent cooked at all.”可知,該空引出下文,C項“世界各地使用了許多不同的烹飪技巧”符合語境,故選C項。根據上文“ Sometimes local cuisines include ingredients that originally

52、came from another place.”以及后面的“ while many Russian dishes are made with potatoes”可知,該空承上啟下,D項“例如,意大利菜通常包括番茄和辣椒”符合語境,故選D 項。四、答案：1. G2. C3. E4. F5. D解析：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項奧林匹克運動項目冰壺。 1.空格后文:蘇格蘭的冬天很長,有各種娛樂形式。因此,人們開始用在結冰的湖面上滑動的重石頭創造一項運動,這項運動后來逐漸傳播開來。可推知此處是概述冰壺的歷史淵源,所以此句為:冰壺運動可能起源于16世紀或更早的蘇格蘭。故選G。 2.根據本段的

53、整體內容可知,本段主要講的是冰壺的具體游戲規則,所以此句為:冰壺比賽由四人組成的隊伍進行。故選C。 3.上段講的是冰壺的游戲規則,本段講的是冰壺的游戲規則學起來容易,但具體操作起來并非易事,所以用The rules are easy to learn, but playing the game is hard來承上啟下。故選E。 4.根據空格前句可推知,冰壺在實際操作中并非易事,與選項F呼應,并且F項中的The melting of the ice與空后的Water呼應。故選F。 5.根據下文的That may explain why the international Olympic Com

54、mittee decided to make curling an Olympic sport in 1998(這也許可以解釋為什么國際奧委會在1998年決定將冰壺運動列為奧運會項目)可推知,一個好的冰壺球員必須是一個好的運動員,故選D。 II、一、答案：annually; Founded; getting; awareness; which; a; from; was awarded; activities; occurred解析：本文主要講了“地球日”的起源及發展。1.annually 考查副詞。所填的詞修飾動詞celebrated,所以用副詞形式。2.Founded 考查非謂語動詞。 f

55、ound和it之間為邏輯上的動賓關系,所以用動詞-ed形式做狀語。3.getting 考查非謂語動詞。所填的詞和上文的helping并列做介詞at的賓語,所以用動詞-ing形式。4.awareness 考查名詞。所填的詞做賓語,所以用名詞形式。awareness“意識”。5.which 考查定語從句。先行詞是fire,關系詞在非限制性定語從句中做主語,所以填which。6.a 考查冠詞。event是單數可數名詞,此處表示數量“一”,所以填a。7.from 考查介詞。此處表示 來自全國各地的電話”,所以填from。8.was awarded 考查被動語態。award和Nelson之間為動賓關系,

56、講述的是過去發生的事情,所以用一般過去時的被動語態。9.activities 考查名詞復數。activity是可數名詞,根據前面的an entire week of可知,activity要用復數形式。10.occurred 考查時態。根據時間狀語In 2017可知,句子要用過去時。二、答案：1. making2. diets3. actually4. more5. gained6. but7. to lose8. which9. with10. evidence解析：【文章大意】吃富含優質蛋白質的飲食可以幫助人們保持健康,動物蛋白含量過高的飲食隨著時間的推移會導致體重增加,研究表明,吃更多的天

57、然食物會給人們帶來好處。 1.【答案】making【解析】介詞by后面使用動詞需要用動詞的ing形式。2.【答案】diets【解析】be動詞是are可以知道主語是復數,所以要用復數,即diets。3.【答案】actually【解析】修飾動詞常用副詞。修飾動詞lead要用副詞形式,即actually。4.【答案】more【解析】這句話翻譯“一項研究表明那些吃更多紅色和處理過的肉的人會增加_體重”,這里從前面的more可以看出此處有比較意味所以填more。5.【答案】gained【解析】這項研究發生在過去,所以用動詞的過去式。6.【答案】but【解析】這里使用了句式“not.but”,表示“不是.而是.”。7.【答案】to lose【解析】此處是動詞不定式的用法,way+to do sth即做某事的方法,a way to lose weight表示“減肥的方法”。8.【答案】which【解析】這里后面的句子修飾diet,是定