1、 PAGE PAGE 21Section Learning About Language (Grammar)基礎知識 預習自檢重點詞匯1bath n. 洗澡；浴缸，浴盆；洗澡水bathe vt. 給洗澡2old adj. 老的elder adj. 年紀較大的elderly adj. 年老的；漸老的 3operate v. 運轉；工作；操作operator n. 電話接線員；操作員operation n. 操作4minority n. 少數；少數派minor adj. 較小的；次要的；輕微的5urgency n. 緊迫；急迫urgent adj. 緊急的；急迫的；急切的urgently adv.

2、 緊急地；迫切地6give first aid to 給急救7come into contact with 接觸到；和接觸8stick to 粘附在9apply some medicine to 涂一些藥10without delay 毫不遲延地教材原句1Why dont you take some medicine to (減輕疼痛)?答案：ease the pain2Have you treated any real emergencies in your (急救課程) at the Red Cross?答案：firstaid course3A (化學燒傷) occurs when you

3、r skin or eyes come into contact with an acid or other chemicals.答案：chemical burn4Chemical burns can even affect your (內部器官) if the chemicals are swallowed. 答案：internal organs5It is important to send the victim to the hospital right away if he or she (嚴重燒傷)答案：is severely burnt6 (你可以想象得到), getting bu

4、rnt can lead to very serious injuries.答案：As you can imagine7She had been told about the risk of (電擊) and this made her very careful while using hairdryers. 答案：electric shocks8Because the child was not watched carefully by his parents, he touched a hot iron and (燙傷了手指)答案：burnt his finger9Then she rea

5、lised that she could not get up, and that she was (呼吸困難)答案：having trouble breathing10After arriving, the ambulance team quickly found Mrs Taylor and without delay gave her oxygen, put in an IV needle, and checked her (生命體征)答案：vital signs重點知識 合作探究1swallow vt.& vi. 吞下；咽下(教材P52)歸納拓展The hungry man swall

6、owed up everything on the table.那餓漢把桌子上的東西全都吃光了。I was made to swallow my words when the scheme turned out to be a great success.那項計劃終于獲得巨大成功后我不得不承認說錯了話。單句語法填空“You little mouse, you dare to wake me? Ill swallow you ！” Finally he had to swallow (he) own words. 答案：uphis2wrap vt. 包、裹；(用手臂等)圍住(教材P52)歸納拓展

7、Youd better wrap a clean cloth around your arm till the wound closes.在傷口愈合前你最好用干凈布把臂上的傷口裹嚴。As the saying goes, fire cannot be wrapped in paper.正像諺語說的，紙里包不住火。She told them to wrap up warm/warmly.她叫他們穿暖和點。She was so wrapped up in the novel that she even forgot to eat.她看小說看入了迷，飯都忘吃了。(1)單句語法填空Tom wrappe

8、d a book a newspaper.In cold weather you should wrap well. 答案：inup(2)單句寫作她用手絹將流血的手掌包扎起來。She a handkerchief her bleeding palm. 要把這東西和其他東西包起來嗎？Shall I as well as the other things? 答案：wrapped; aroundwrap this up3slip vi. 滑倒；滑落；溜走n. 滑倒；小錯誤；紙條(教材P53)歸納拓展My aunt has slipped down in the High Street and hur

9、t her ankle, so I have to take her to the doctor.我姑姑在大街上滑倒了，摔傷了踝部，所以我得送她去醫院。It is impossible to slip out of the conference room unnoticed. 偷偷溜出會議室而不被察覺是不可能的。In a hurry I wrote the word dog instead of god. It was just a slip of the pen. 一著急我把dog寫成god了。這只是筆誤罷了。Nobody would blame you for an occasional

10、slip of the tongue. 偶爾有個言差語錯，誰也不會責怪。(1)單句語法填空He carelessly slipped to the downstair and his left foot became swollen.If I did say that, it was just a slip of tongue. 答案：downthe (2)單句寫作趁沒人看著，溜出房去。Just the room while nobodys looking. 不好意思，我給你的材料中有一處筆誤。Excuse me, but there is one in the material I gave

11、 you.答案：slip out ofslip of the pen4delay vi.& vt. 推遲；延期(做某事)vt. 耽誤；耽擱n. 延誤；耽擱(的時間)；推遲(教材P53)歸納拓展He delayed telling her the news, waiting for the right moment.他沒有馬上把消息告訴她，等有了適當的時機再說。We will be delayed for 1 hour because the airport is very crowded. 因為機場非常擁擠，我們將延遲1小時。The accident delayed the train for

12、 two hours.事故使火車耽擱了兩小時。Excuse me for my delay in answering your question.請原諒我耽擱了回答你的問題。(1)單句語法填空You have delayed me three hours.There was a little delay their setting out from the town. 答案：forin(2)單句寫作他拖延了好久才接受我的建議。He before accepting my offer.答案：delayed for a long time Grammer動詞ing形式的用法單句語法填空1(2019

13、全國卷)With (shine) dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public (speak)答案：shining; speaking2(2019全國卷)In that sense, Im pretty sure (volunteer) is more of a selfish act than Id freely like to admit. 答案：volunteering3(2019全國卷)The exhibition had record attendance, (show) that there is h

14、uge interest in Chinese influences.答案：showing4(2019天津高考)I often found myself (tell) my mom to drive more slowly, so that I could read all of the road signs we passed.答案：telling5(2019浙江高考)A school in Ireland has introduced an (interest) new uniform.答案：interesting6(2019江蘇高考)Chinas image is improving s

15、teadily, with more countries (recognize) its role in international affairs.答案：recognizingeq avs4al(一、動詞ing形式作主語、賓語或表語)用法例句作主語動詞ing形式作主語時，謂語動詞用單數It is no use sending him a letter of apology.Being exposed to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin.作賓語動詞ing形式可以作介詞的賓語也可以作動詞的賓語Nothing can st

16、op the plan from being carried out.Have you considered making contributions to your hometown after graduation？作表語動詞ing形式作表語時，有兩種不同的含義My job is teaching.(說明主語的內容)The news is exciting.(說明主語的性質)比較：He is reading.(正在進行的動作)注意(1)常見的后面接動詞ing形式作賓語的動詞或短語有：動詞后接動詞的形式意義finish, practice, enjoy, mind, avoid, admit

17、, appreciate, feel like, suggest, stand, risk, consider, escape, miss, delay, dislike, imagine, understand, look forward to, insist on, cant help, get down todoingcontinue, like, love, begin, start, learndoing意義基本相同to dogo on, remember, forget, regret, try, mean, stopdoing與已做的事有關to do表示將來要做的事情續表動詞后接

18、動詞的形式意義advise, allow, permit, forbid, encouragedoing“建議/允許/禁止/鼓勵”做某事sb. to do sth.“建議/允許/禁止/鼓勵”某人做某事(2)有關動詞ing形式的短語或句型：spend some time doing sth.花時間做某事have fun/have a good time/have a bad time doing sth.很(不)愉快做某事have (no) difficulty doing sth.做某事(沒)有困難catch sb. doing sth.逮住某人在做某事there is no point do

19、ing sth.做某事沒有意義there is no denying that . 毋庸置疑Its no use/good doing sth.做某事沒有用/沒好處be worth doing sth.某事值得(被)做be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事cant help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事sth. needs doing某事需要被做end up doing sth. 結果做了某事(1)單句語法填空(2019天津高考) (learn) to think critically is an important skill todays children will ne

20、ed for the future.In order to avoid more people (infect), the government encourage us not to go out until necessary.(2019全國卷)A 90yearold has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for (be) Britains oldest fulltime employeestill working 40 hours a week.I have difficulty (swallow), pain and discomfort. What

21、 worries me most is her (stay) too late every night.答案：Learningbeing infectedbeingswallowingstaying(2)單句寫作湯姆的坦誠贏得了我們的尊敬。 won our respect.他在新學校遇到的問題很令人困惑。The problem which he met in the new school is .他們剛到這里就開始修理那些壞窗戶。They have just come here to get down to .我們既然知道結果會是什么樣，做這些努力沒有意義。 all the efforts w

22、hen we know what the result will be. 我為他忙了半天，最終還說我是多管閑事。After all Ive done for him, I a busybody. 答案：Toms being outspokenquite puzzlingrepairing the broken windowsThere is no point makingend up being calledeq avs4al(二、動詞ing形式作狀語、定語、賓語補足語)形式用法例句作狀語doing表示主動的動作，可以表示原因、條件、伴隨等。作結果狀語時，表示順理成章的結果Finding he

23、r car stolen, she turned to a policeman for help.(原因)He ran too fast, falling to the ground.(結果)Working hard(If you work hard), you will surely succeed.(條件)having done表示主動，該動作發生在主句謂語動詞之前Not having received any reply, he decided to write again.having been done表示被動、完成，該動作發生在主句謂語動詞之前Having been kept in

24、 the fridge for two hours, the food has gone bad.作定語doing表示主動的動作，如果是動詞ing短語，要置于所修飾的名詞之后I have had rather a depressing time.There were some children swimming in the river.beingdone作后置定語，表示被動、且正在進行的動作The question being discussed at the meeting now is very important.作賓語補足語doing表示主動或正在進行的動作。如果是被動語態，那么，賓

25、語補足語就變成主語補足語I can see some kids playing on the playground.The boy was caught cheating in the exam.注意英語中有些動詞既可以用動詞ing形式作賓語補足語也可以用不帶to的不定式作賓語補足語，但表達的意義有所不同。如see sb. do sth. (看到某人做了某事，表示看到事情的全過程)和see sb. doing sth. (看到某人正在做某事，表示看到的是正在發生的事情)。常見的用不帶to的不定式作賓語補足語的動詞有：feel, hear, notice, see, watch, observe

26、, listen to, look at等。(1)單句語法填空(2019浙江高考)The video clip (片段) shows one man who had found a $20 bill (pin) it to the board.(2019天津高考)With such models, scientists have found out some key principles (operate) in food webs. (go) to bed early and (get) up early is considered to be a good habit. (not have

27、) much money, Mary decided to thumb a ride to New York. The worker was dismissed from the factory when he was caught (steal) bicycle parts.答案：pinningoperatingGoing; gettingNot havingstealing(2)單句寫作他正要坐下，突然感到有東西在他腳邊移動。He was just about to sit down when he near his feet.花園里的花聞起來很香，吸引游客去欣賞大自然的美麗。The fl

28、owers in the garden attract the visitors to enjoy the beauty of nature.在接近十字路口時，你必須小心。 the crossroads, you must be careful.他起得很晚，匆匆忙忙地去了辦公室，早餐沒動。He got up late and hurried to his office, untouched.很久不見面，就顯得生分了。 each other for so long, we dont feel so close any longer. 答案：felt something movingsmellin

29、g sweetWhile approachingleaving the breakfastNot having seen學習效果 隨堂演練.單詞拼寫1Coal fell out of the fire, and burned the (毛毯). 答案：carpet2When the (洗澡) water started to cool, I got out, dried myself off, and dressed.答案：bath3Harry had carefully bought and (包) presents for Mark.答案：wrapped4I had a sore thro

30、at and it hurt to (吞咽)答案：swallow5He was crying out in pain on the ground when the (救護車) arrived.答案：ambulance.單句語法填空1When I came in, I saw Ann (whisper) to Danny.答案：whispering2I dont know why everybody makes such a fuss about a few (mosquito)答案：mosquitoes3 (eat) at the cafeteria before, Mary didnt wa

31、nt to eat there again.答案：Having eaten4The films about an (old) woman and a young nurse who befriends her.答案：elderly5He dialled the (operate) and put in a call for Rome.答案：operator.單句寫作1她用毯子把嬰兒裹了起來。She a blanket the baby.答案：wrapped; around2我看見那個淘氣的男孩悄悄地溜出了家。I saw the naughty boy his home quietly. 答案：

32、slip out of3他們用計算機控制，使交通暢通無阻。They use computers to smoothly. 答案：keep the traffic running4經過多次努力，他仍然無法克服困難。 many times, he still couldnt overcome the difficulties.答案：Having tried5大雨使開幕式延遲了1個小時。The rain the opening ceremony one hour.答案：delayed; for課后課時作業閱讀AYou may need to give first aid. First aid is

33、needed as the emergency care given to a sick or injured person. The goals of first aid are to prevent death and to prevent injuries from becoming worse.Each emergency condition is different. However, the following rules apply toeq avs4al(P) any kind of emergency.Be aware of your limitations. Do not

34、try to do more than you are able to. Nor should you do things if you are unfamiliar with them. Do what you can under the conditions at that time.Stay calm. Acting calmly will help the victim feel safe.Take a quick look to see if the victim is bleeding, and if there is a pulse.Keep the victim lying d

35、own and do not move him or her. You could make an injury worse if you move the victim.Take necessary emergency steps.Call for help or ask someone to make the EMS system (急救系統) start.Do not remove clothing unless you have to. If clothing must be removed, tear the clothes along the seams (線縫)Keep the

36、victim warm. Cover the victim with a blanket. Coats and sweaters can be used if a blanket can not be found.Reassureeq avs4al(W1) the victim. Explain what is happening and that help has been called.Do not give the victim any food or fruits.Keep the bystanderseq avs4al(W2) away from the victim. Bystan

37、ders want to have a look, offer advice, and say something about the victims condition. The victim may believe that the condition is worse than it really is.篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了在事故發生時，如何來減少死亡或不讓事態進一步惡化。1The most important purpose of first aid is .Ato stop deathBto keep the injured person calmCto hel

38、p the victim stay in a safe placeDto see if the injured person is still living答案：A細節理解題。根據第一段末句“The goals of first aid are to prevent death and to prevent injuries from becoming worse.”可知急救的目標是阻止死亡和阻止傷害越來越嚴重，故選A。2When a person is badly injured on the road, you should .Aact worriedly and hurriedlyBdo

39、 whatever you want to do freelyCnot move him or herDmake the injured person stand up答案：C細節理解題。根據“Keep the victim lying down and do not move him or her. You could make an injury worse if you move the victim.”可知當一個人在路上受了重傷，你不應該移動他或她。故選C。3Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passa

40、ge?AYou should do more than what you are able to do to help an injured person in emergency conditions.BDont remove the clothes of the injured person no matter what happens.CIt is necessary to cover the victim with a blanket.DIf the injured person feels hungry, you should give him or her some food.答案

41、：C推理判斷題。根據“Keep the victim warm. Cover the victim with a blanket.”可知有必要用毯子蓋住受害者，故選C。4Why should bystanders be kept away from the victim according to the passage?ABecause bystanders can prevent the victim from receiving first aid.BBecause what bystanders say can make the victim think the condition is

42、 very bad.CBecause the victim doesnt want to accept the advice of bystanders.DBecause the victim hates being surrounded by bystanders.答案：B細節理解題。根據“Bystanders want to have a look, offer advice, and say something about the victims condition. The victim may believe that the condition is worse than it r

43、eally is.”可知，旁觀者想看一看，提供建議，并說出受害者的情況，受害者可能認為情況比實際情況更糟。所以應該讓旁觀者遠離受害者，故選B。eq avs4al(W重點單詞)1reassure v. 使安心 2.bystander n. 旁觀者eq avs4al(P重點短語)apply to 適用于BElectric Shocks Can Be FatalGovernment statistics recently showed that in the UK, more than 3,000 people a year experience electric shocks in their h

44、omes. A smaller number of people are killed after contact with power lines outside the home. Electric shocks can cause a persons heart or breathing to stop, can also cause burns and are potentiallyeq avs4al(W1) fatal. It is essential for people to learn basic first aid techniques to deal with such e

45、mergencies.What to do? If you are the first person to reach someone who has had an electric shock, dont touch them! If they are still holding the appliance that has given them shock (e.g.a hair dryer), unplug it or turn off the power at its source. Under no circumstances will you try to move the app

46、liance with your hand!If you cant turn off the power, use a piece of wood, like a broom handle or a chair, to separate the victim fromeq avs4al(P) the appliance or the power source. You may even be able to do this with a folded newspaper.The victim must remain lying down. If they are unconscious, vi

47、ctims should be placed on their side. But they should not be moved if there is a possibility of neck or spine injuries unless it is absolutely necessary. It is essentialeq avs4al(W2) to maintain the victims body heat, so make sure you cover him or her with a blanket before you do anything else. If t

48、he victim is not breathing, apply mouth to mouth resuscitation. Keep the victims head low until professional help arrives. If the electric shock has been caused by an external power line, the dangers to the victim and to anybody providing first aid are much greater.篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章就他人遭受到電擊后我們如何施救列出了

49、一些建議。5What kind of passage is it?AAn advertisement.BA horror story.CA news report. DFirst aid emergency advice.答案：D主旨大意題。根據第一段可知，本文主要的內容是當人受到電擊后，如何實施救助。所以我們可以推斷出這是關于緊急救助的建議，故選D。6The underlined sentence, “Under no circumstances will you try to move the appliance with your hand！” implies that .Ayou sh

50、ould move the appliance that caused itByou should pick up the appliance and turn off the electricityCit is very dangerous to touch the appliance with your handsDit is unnecessary to unplug the appliance with your hands答案：C推理判斷題。根據第二段第三句“If they are still holding the appliance that has given them sho

51、ck (e.g.a hair dryer), unplug it or turn off the power at its source.”和第三段中的“If you cant turn off the power, use a piece of wood .”可知畫線句子暗示用手觸摸電器是很危險的，故選C。7When a person has got an electric shock, you should .Aseparate the victim from the appliance and let them sit upBkeep the victim warm and help t

52、hem breathe againCmove the victim onto their side if they have got neck injuriesDkeep the victims head high until professional help arrives答案：B細節理解題。根據第四段第四、五句“It is essential to maintain the victims body heat, so make sure you cover him or her with a blanket before you do anything else. If the vict

53、im is not breathing, apply mouth to mouth resuscitation.”可知當一個人受到電擊時，你應該保持受害者的體溫，幫助他們再次呼吸。故選B。8What is the main idea of the passage?ATips on providing first aids to electric shock victims.BTips on providing first aids to move the appliance.CTips on providing first aids to breath.DTips on providing f

54、irst aids to victims.答案：A推理判斷題。根據文章標題以及全文內容可知文章主要介紹了一些關于電擊緊急救助的建議，故選A。eq avs4al(W重點單詞)1potentially adv. 潛在地 2.essential adj. 重要的eq avs4al(P重點短語)separate . from 使和分離七選五根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Accidents happen more often than you think. Every year in China, 3.2 million people die in a

55、ccidentsthats an average of six people per minute. Experts say that the 10 minutes after an accident can make the difference between life and death. 1 .The second Saturday of September is World First Aid Day. It fell on Sept 8 this year. First aid refers to the first steps taken to help someone whos

56、 injured. 2 . It also includes getting help, either by telling other people or calling 120. 3 ， do cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR，心肺復蘇), and treat things like burns, bleeding and broken bones. It takes as little as two hours to learn these skills. 4 . You can also read books or watch videos that

57、 can be found on free apps like First Aid Manual (現場急救指南). 5 . The Peking Union Medical College Hospital offers these options.“Learning first aid is good for everyone and it is better to start young，” Wang Jiangshan, a doctor in the hospitals emergency room, told the China Youth Daily. “It can benef

58、it oneself and others for the rest of ones life.”AIt includes keeping the person safe and staying calmBYou can learn first aid by visiting the official website of China First Aid TrainingCThis is why learning first aid is so importantDRight now is a good time for us to learn more about first aidESom

59、e hospitals also give courses or even hold first aid camps for kidsFIn the US, first aid is a basic skill that every student has to learnGBasic first aid training teaches you how to deal with emergencies篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了幾種急救知識。學習急救對每個人都有好處，最好從小就開始，它能使自己和他人的余生受益。1C根據前文“Experts say that the 10 min

60、utes after an accident can make the difference between life and death.”(專家說，事故發生后10分鐘可以決定生死。)可知，C項：這就是為什么學習急救如此重要的原因，承接上文，故選C。2A根據前文“First aid refers to the first steps taken to help someone whos injured.”(急救是指為幫助受傷的人而采取的第一步。)和后文“It also includes getting help, either by telling other people or calli