1、酒精分類標準及用途Ethanolclassification,standardand酒精廣泛應用于食品、化學、醫藥、染料等行業，酒精又是十分重要的清潔能源。通常，酒精按含雜質多少分為：無水酒精、食用酒精、工業酒精。Ethanolwidelyappliestomanyindustriessuchasfood,chemistry,medicine,dyeandetc.Ingeneral,ethanolisdividedtoanhydrousethanol,edibleethanolandindustrialethanolaccordingtoitsimpuritycontent.一、無水酒精Anh

2、ydrousethanol無水酒精產品質量執行中華人民共和國國家標準GB/T678-2002化學試劑一無水乙醇標準。TheproductquantityofanhydrousethanolexecutethestatecriteriaofthePeoplesRepublicofChinaGB/T678-2002名稱Name優級純Guaranteereagent分析純Analyticallypure化學純Chemicalpure乙醇的質量分數Massfractionofethanol(CH3CH2OH)/%密度Density(20)/(g/mL)與水混合試驗Testmixwithwater合格Q

3、ualified合格Qualified合格Qualified蒸發殘渣的質量分數Massfractionofevaporationresidue/%酸度(以H+計)Acidity(byH+)/(mmol/100g)堿度(以OH-計)Alkalinity(byOH-)/(mmol/100g)水分的質量分數Massfractionofwater/%甲醇(CH3OH)的質量分數Massfractionofmethanol(CH3OH)/%異丙醇(CH3)2CHOH的質量分數Massfractionofisopropanol(CH3)2CHOH/%羰基化合物(以CO計)的質量分數Massfraction

4、ofcarbonylcompound(byCO)/%易炭化物質Readilycarbonizablesubstance合格Qualified合格Qualified合格Qualified鐵(Fe)的質量分數Massfractionofferrum(Fe)/%鋅(Ze)的質量分數Massfractionofzinc/%還原高錳酸鉀物質(以O計)的質量分數/%Massfractionofreducingpotassiumpermanganatesubstance(byO)/%用途：化學試劑、化學原料、防腐劑、消毒、燃料、有機溶劑等。Application:chemicalreagent,chemic

5、almaterial,preservative,disinfection,fuel,organicsolventandetc.二、食用酒精Edibleethanol食用酒精產品質量執行中華人民共和國國家標準GB10343-2002適用于谷物、薯類、糖密為原料，經發酵、蒸餾而制成的含水酒精，為食品工業專用的食用酒精。TheproductquantityofedibleethanolexecutesthestatecriteriaofthePeoplesRepublicofChinaGB10343-2002,whichappliestotheaqueousethanolmakefromgrains

6、,yamsormolassesasrawmaterialandthroughfermentationanddistillation.Itistheappropriativeedibleethanolforfoodindustry.食用酒精GB10343-2002標準EdibleethanolGB10343-2002Standard一、感官要求Senserequirements項目Item特級Extragrade優級Finegrade普級Commongrade氣味Smell具有乙醇香，無異味Hasethanolaroma，noobjectionalodor無異臭noobjectionalodor

7、口味taste純凈、微甜pure,subtlysweet純正、微甜pure,subtlysweet較純正Comparativepure理化要求Analyticalrequirements指標名稱tem單位Unit(GB10343-2002)特級Extra優級Fine普級Common色度Chroma號No.101010酒精含量Ethanolcontent%(v/v)硫酸試驗Sulfuricacid號No.51060氧化時間OxidationtimeMin403020總醛(以乙醛計)Totalaldehyde(byacetaldehydemg/l1330甲醇Methanolmg/l250150正丙

8、醇Normalpropylalcoholmg/l235100異丁醇+異戊醇Isobutanol+isoamylolmg/l1230總酸(以乙酸計)Totalacid(byaceticacid)mg/l71020總酯(以乙酸乙酯計)Totalester(byethylacetate)mg/l101825不揮發物Nonvolatilematermg/l102025重金屬(以Pb計)Heavymetal(byPb)mg/l1氰化物(以HCN計)Cyanide(byHCN)mg/l5*用途：白酒、飲料、乙酸乙酯、丁醇、丙酮、醫藥等。Application:distilledspirit,drink,e

9、thylacetate,butanol,acetone,medicineandetc.三、工業酒精工業酒精產品質量執行中華人民共和國國家標準GB/適用于谷物、薯類、糖密為原料，經發酵、蒸餾而制成的含水工業酒精。其雜質指標比食用酒精寬松。按其生產的酒精不得用于食品、飲料。TheproductquantityofindustrialethanolexecutesthestatecriteriaofthePeoplesRepublicofChinaGB/,whichappliestotheaqueousethanolmakefromgrains,yamsormolassesasrawmaterial

10、andthroughfermentationanddistillation.Itsimpurityindicatoriseasierthanedibleethanol.Theethanolthatproducedfollowingthisstandardcannotbeusedforfoodanddrink.工業酒精GB/標準IndustrialethanolGB/standard項目Item指標Index優等品High-classproduct*生旦等品First-rateproduct合格品Qualifiedproduct粗酒精Crudeethanol外觀Appearance無色透明液體C

11、olorlessandclearliquid淡黃色液體Faintyellowliquid色度/號Chroma/No.10氣味Smell無異臭noobjectionalodor乙醇Ethanol（20，（V/V）%硫酸度驗號SulfuricaciddegreesCheckNo./min100氧化時間Oxidizationdegrees/min01醛(以乙醛計)aldehyde(byacetaldehyde)/mgL-10雜醇油（以異丁醇+異戊醇計）Fusel（byIsobutanol+isoamylol）/mg-L-21100甲醇Methanol/mgL001200酸(以乙酸計)acid(byaceticacid)/mgL11020酯(以乙酸乙酯計)ester(byethylacetate)/mg-L1-