1、慈利二中 董小欽閱讀理解之詞義猜測技巧一、閱讀理解考試大綱要求1、理解主旨和要義； 2、理解文中具體信息；3、根據上下文推斷生詞的詞義； 4、做出簡單判斷和推理；5、理解文章的基本結構； 6、理解作者的意圖、觀點和態度。二、閱讀理解命題分類1、主旨大意型2、事實細節型3、詞義猜測型4、推理判斷型Play a gameguess!green handIt was the first day for Jack to work. When he was working, the machine broke down because of his carelessness. Jack was afra

2、id of the blame of his boss. His colleague told him , “take it easy, you are a green hand.”新手Tom is a great man. Tom is treated as a big potato.a big potato大人物shanghaiTourists are shanghaied into buying expensive fakes(假貨）. Some guides told them that fakes are good. They are worth buying.誘騙johnTim d

3、rank too much water last night, so he went to visit john twice. 衛生間猜詞技巧是一種很重要的應試技巧。在諸多的英語測試中，幾乎都包含有判斷生詞或關鍵詞詞義的題目。考試中經常作為考點的詞匯包括以下幾種： 常用詞在特殊語言環境中的特殊意義； 專業化程度較高的詞； 生僻詞。常見提問形式:1. The word “” in paragraph can be replaced by 2. The underlined word “” most probably means .3. By saying “”, the author means

4、 4. The expression “” is closest to 5. According to the passage, the phrase “” suggests 6. The underlined part “ ” (in Para ) means 1.The modern age of medicine began with the stethoscope, an instrument for listening to patients heartbeat and breathing.2.They are vertebrates, that is, animals that h

5、ave back-bones .3. He is a resolute man. Once he makes up his mind to do something, he wont give it up halfway. 脊椎動物堅決的聽診器 猜詞技巧1定義釋義法 通過 來體現單詞的含義. 其表現形式為:用that is, in other words, or ,mean, be called, refer to,或連系動詞to be等定義或重述形式來解釋生詞.歸納總結定義,詞組,同位語,定語從句Though Toms face has been washed quite clean, hi

6、s neck still remains grubby.John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things, his wife, however, is very thrifty.污穢的，骯臟的節約的 猜詞技巧2對比法 句中多半有 等信息詞. 另外,分號也可以表示轉折,對比的意義.歸納總結 unlike, but, yet, while, on the contrary, on the other hand, instead of, rather thanthough, although, however, 1.Hes such

7、a shrewd businessman that he loses no money in any trade.2.She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long.3.Tom is considered an autocratic administrator because he makes decisions without seeking the opinions of others. 精明的修剪獨斷專行的猜詞技巧3因果法歸納總結因果 文章借助關聯詞 so/suchthat, becaus

8、e, as, since, for, so, thus, as a result, therefore, lead to, cause, result in, result from, 等表達 關系.In some countries where there is very little rain, the farmers have to irrigate, or water their fields. All whales consist of two groups, those with teeth and those without, Dolphins belong to odontoc

9、eti, that is to say, they are toothed whales.灌溉有牙齒的猜詞技巧4根據同等關系猜詞義 一組詞在句中作同一成分,且他們的詞義屬于同一義域, 信號詞如:歸納總結orthat is ( to say )in other wordsCars must have certain safety devices such as seat belt, headlights, and good brakes（剎車）.On the farm they mainly raise poultry, such as chickens, ducks and geese, fo

10、r their eggs and meat.裝置家禽猜詞技巧5舉例法 以列舉的事例為線索猜測單詞的含義，信號詞如:歸納總結 such as, like, for example/ instance, especially, include, consist of根據構詞法猜測英語中的構詞法主要有三種：派生（Derivation）轉化（Conversion）合成（Compounding）派生：由一個詞根加上前綴或后綴構成一個新的單詞，該法是猜測英語單詞的主要方法。中學英語中常見的前綴和后綴super-（超）， inter-（在之間）， mini-（微型的）， micro-（極微小的）， sub-

11、（分支的）， re-（再）, co-（共同）， post- (后)， pre-（前）， trans-（轉換）， under-（在之下）， mis-（誤；惡）， anti-（反；防), un-（不；非）， in-（不,非）， im-（不； 非）， dis-（不），non- （不）， -able（能的）, -less（不； 無） -hood（狀態；性質；時期）， -ish（如的；有點兒的）,-scope（景）， -ship（身份；資格；權力；性質）， -some（易于的）， -wards（向）， -proof（防的；不能穿透的）， 轉化：由某一詞性轉化成另一詞性，其意義也發生一定的變化。I was asked to minute the race.“minute”轉化成動詞