1、A band,A帶A chromosome,A染色體（二倍體染色體組中的正常染色體（不同于染色體）A site,A部位（核糖體）ABA,脫落酸abasic site,脫堿基位點(diǎn)，無堿基位點(diǎn)abaxial,遠(yuǎn)軸的abequosebeta,阿比可糖，脫氧巖藻糖aberrant splicing,異常剪接aberration,象差；畸變；失常abiogenesis,自然發(fā)生論，無生源論ablastin,抑殖素（抑制微生物細(xì)胞分裂或生殖的一種抗體）abnormal distrbution,非正態(tài)分布abnormality,異常，失常；畸形，畸變ABO blood group system,ABO血型系

2、統(tǒng)aboriginal mouse,原生鼠abortin,流產(chǎn)素abortion,流產(chǎn)，敗育abortive egg,敗育卵a(bǔ)bortive infection,流產(chǎn)（性）感染abortive transduction,流產(chǎn)（性）轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)ABP,肌動蛋白結(jié)合蛋白abrin,相思豆毒蛋白abscisic acid,脫落酸abscission,脫落absolute,絕對的absolute configuration,絕對構(gòu)型absolute counting,絕對測量absolute deviation,絕對偏差absolute error,絕對誤差absorbance,吸收，吸光度absorbed

3、dose,吸收劑量absorbent,吸收劑absorptiometer,吸光計absorptiometry,吸光測定法absorption,吸收absorption band,吸收譜帶absorption cell,吸收池absorption coefficient,吸收系數(shù)absorption spectroscopy,吸收光譜法absorption spectrum,吸收光譜；吸收譜absorptive endocytosis,吸收（型）胞吞（作用）absorptive pinocytosis,吸收（型）胞飲（作用）absorptivity,吸光系數(shù)；吸收性abundance,豐度abu

4、ndant,豐富的，高豐度的abundant mRNAs,高豐度mRNAabzyme,抗體酶acaricidin,殺螨劑accedent variation,偶然變異accelerated flow method,加速流動法accepting arm,（tRNA的）接納臂acceptor,接納體，（接）受體acceptor site,接納位點(diǎn)，接受位點(diǎn)acceptor splicing site,剪接受體acceptor stem,（tRNA的）接納莖accessible,可及的accessible promoter,可及啟動子accessible surface,可及表面accessory,

5、零件，附件；輔助的accessory cell,佐細(xì)胞accessory chromosome,副染色體accessory factor,輔助因子accessory nucleus,副核accessory pigment,輔助色素accessory protein,輔助蛋白（質(zhì)）accommodation,順應(yīng)accumulation,積累，累積accuracy,準(zhǔn)確度acenaphthene,二氫苊acene,并苯acentric,無著絲粒的acentric fragment,無著絲粒斷片acentric ring,無著絲粒環(huán)acetal,縮醛acetaldehyde,乙醛acetalres

6、in,縮醛樹脂acetamidase,乙酰胺酶acetamide,乙酰胺acetate,乙酸鹽acetic acid,乙酸，醋酸acetic acid bacteria,乙酸菌，醋酸菌acetic anhydride,乙酸酐acetification,乙酸化作用，醋化作用acetin,乙酸甘油酯，三乙酰甘油酯acetoacetic acid,乙酰乙酸Acetobacter,醋桿菌屬acetogen,產(chǎn)乙酸菌acetogenic bacteria,產(chǎn)乙酸菌acetome body,酮體acetome powder,丙酮制粉acetomitrile,乙腈acetone,丙酮acetyl,乙酰基ac

7、etyl coenzyme A,乙酰輔酶Aacetylcholine,乙酰膽堿acetylcholine agonist,乙酰膽堿拮抗劑acetylcholine receptor,乙酰膽堿受體acetylcholinesterase,乙酰膽堿酯酶acetylene,乙炔acetylene reduction test,乙炔還原試驗(yàn)（檢查生物體的固氮能力）acetylglucosaminidase,乙酰葡糖胺糖苷酶acetylglutamate synthetase,乙酰谷氨酸合成酶acetylsalicylate,乙酰水楊酸；乙酰水楊酸鹽、酯、根acetylsalicylic acid,乙酰

8、水楊酸acetylspiramycin,乙酰螺旋霉素AchE,乙酰膽堿酯酶achiral,非手性的acholeplasma,無膽甾原體AchR,乙酰膽堿受體achromatic,消色的；消色差的achromatic color,無色achromatic lens,消色差透鏡achromatin,非染色質(zhì)acid catalysis,酸催化acid fibroblast growth factor,酸性成纖維細(xì)胞生長因子acid fuchsin,酸性品紅acid glycoprotein,酸性糖蛋白acid hydrolyzed casein,酸水解酪蛋白acid medium,酸性培養(yǎng)基aci

9、d mucopolysaccharide,酸性粘多糖acid phosphatase,酸性磷酸酶acid protease,酸性蛋白酶acid solvent,酸性溶劑acidic,酸性的acidic amino acid,酸性氨基酸acidic protein,酸性蛋白質(zhì)（有時特指非組蛋白）acidic transactivator,酸性反式激活蛋白acidic transcription activator,酸性轉(zhuǎn)錄激活蛋白acidification,酸化（作用）acidifying,酸化（作用）acidolysis,酸解acidophilia,嗜酸性acidophilic bacteri

10、a,嗜酸菌acidophilous milk,酸奶aclacinomycin,阿克拉霉素acoelomata,無體腔動物acomitic acid,烏頭酸aconitase,順烏頭酸酶aconitate,烏頭酸；烏頭酸鹽、酯、根aconitine,烏頭堿aconitum alkaloid,烏頭屬生物堿ACP,酰基載體蛋白acquired character,獲得性狀acquired immunity,獲得性免疫acridine,吖啶acridine alkaloid,吖啶（類）生物堿acridine dye,吖啶燃料acridine orange,吖啶橙acridine yellow,吖啶黃a

11、criflavine,吖啶黃素acroblast,原頂體acrocentric chromosome,近端著絲染色體acrolein,丙烯醛acrolein polymer,丙烯醛類聚合物acrolein resin,丙烯醛樹脂acropetal translocation,向頂運(yùn)輸acrosin,頂體蛋白acrosomal protease,頂體蛋白酶acrosomal reaction,頂體反應(yīng)acrosome,頂體acrosome reaction,頂體反應(yīng)acrosomic granule,原頂體acrosyndesis,端部聯(lián)會acrylamide,丙烯酰胺acrylate,丙烯酸酯

12、、鹽acrylic acid,丙烯酸acrylic polymer,丙烯酸（酯）類聚合物acrylic resin,丙烯酸（酯）類樹脂acrylketone,丙烯酮acrylonitrile,丙烯腈actidione,放線（菌）酮（即環(huán)己酰亞胺）actin,肌動蛋白actin filament,肌動蛋白絲actininalfabetabeta,輔肌動蛋白（分為、兩種，蛋白即加帽蛋白）actinmicrofilament,肌動蛋白微絲actinometer,化學(xué)光度計actinomorphy,輻射對稱（用于描述植物的花）actinomycetes,放線菌actinospectacin,放線壯觀素

13、，壯觀霉素，奇霉素action,作用action current,動作電流action potential,動作電位action spectrum,動作光譜activated sludge,活性污泥activated support,活化支持體activating group,活化基團(tuán)activating transcription factor,轉(zhuǎn)錄激活因子activation,激活；活化activation analysis,活化分析activation energy,活化能activator,激活物，激活劑，激活蛋白activator protein,激活蛋白active absorpt

14、ion,主動吸收active biomass,活生物質(zhì)active carbon,活性碳active center,活性中心active chromatin,活性染色質(zhì)active dry yeast,活性干酵母active dydrogen compounds,活性氫化合物active ester of amino acid,氨基酸的活化酯active hydrogen,活性氫active immunity,主動免疫active oxygen,活性氧active site,活性部位，活性中心active transport,主動轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)active uptake,主動吸收activin,活化素（

15、由垂體合成并由睪丸和卵巢分泌的性激素）activity,活性，活度，（放射性）活度actomyosin,肌動球蛋白actophorin,載肌動蛋白（一種肌動蛋白結(jié)合蛋白）acute,急性的acute infection,急性感染acute phase,急性期acute phase protein,急性期蛋白，急相蛋白acute phase reaction,急性期反應(yīng)，急相反應(yīng)（炎癥反應(yīng)急性期機(jī)體的防御反應(yīng)）acute phase reactive protein,急性期反應(yīng)蛋白，急相反應(yīng)蛋白acute phase response,急性期反應(yīng)，急相反應(yīng)acute toxicity,急性毒性A

16、CV,無環(huán)鳥苷acyclic nucleotide,無環(huán)核苷酸acycloguanosine,無環(huán)鳥苷，9-(2-羥乙氧甲基)鳥嘌呤acyclovir,無環(huán)鳥苷acyl,酰基acyl carrier protein,酰基載體蛋白acyl cation,酰（基）正離子acyl chloride,酰氯acyl CoA,酰基輔酶Aacyl coenzyem A,脂酰輔酶Aacyl fluoride,酰氟acyl halide,酰鹵acylamino acid,酰基氨基酸acylase,酰基轉(zhuǎn)移酶acylating agent,酰化劑acylation,酰化acylazide,酰疊氮acylbromi

17、de,酰溴acyloin,偶姻acyltransferase,酰基轉(zhuǎn)移酶adamantanamine,金剛烷胺（曾用作抗病毒劑）adamantane,金剛烷adaptability,適應(yīng)性adaptation,適應(yīng)adapter,銜接頭；銜接子adapter protein,銜接蛋白質(zhì)adaptin,銜接蛋白（銜接網(wǎng)格蛋白與其他蛋白的胞質(zhì)區(qū)）adaptive behavior,適應(yīng)性行為adaptive enzyme,適應(yīng)酶adaptive molecule,銜接分子adaptive response,適應(yīng)反應(yīng)（大腸桿菌中的DNA修復(fù)系統(tǒng)）adaptor,銜接頭；銜接子adaxial,近軸的a

18、ddition,加成addition compound,加成化合物addition haploid,附加單倍體addition line,附加系additive,添加物，添加劑additive effect,加性效應(yīng)additive genetic variance,加性遺傳方差additive recombination,插入重組，加插重組（因DNA插入而引起的基因重組）addressin,地址素（選擇蛋白的寡糖配體，與淋巴細(xì)胞歸巢有關(guān)）adducin,內(nèi)收蛋白（一種細(xì)胞膜骨架蛋白，可與鈣調(diào)蛋白結(jié)合）adduct,加合物，加成化合物adduct ion,加合離子adenine,腺嘌呤aden

19、ine arabinoside,啊糖腺苷adenine phosphoribosyltransferase,腺嘌呤磷酸核糖轉(zhuǎn)移酶adenoma,腺瘤adenosine,腺嘌呤核苷，腺苷adenosine deaminase,腺苷脫氨酶adenosine diphoshate,腺苷二磷酸adenosine monophosphate,腺苷（一磷）酸adenosine phosphosulfate,腺苷酰硫酸adenosine triphosphatase,腺苷三磷酸酶adenosine triphosphate,腺苷三磷酸adenovirus,腺病毒adenylate,腺苷酸；腺苷酸鹽、酯、根a

20、denylate cyclase,腺苷酸環(huán)化酶adenylate energy charge,腺苷酸能荷adenylate kinase,腺苷酸激酶adenylic acid,腺苷酸adenylyl cyclase,腺苷酸環(huán)化酶adenylylation,腺苷酰化adherence,粘著，粘附，粘連；貼壁adherent cell,貼壁細(xì)胞；粘著（性）細(xì)胞，粘附（性）細(xì)胞adherent culture,貼壁培養(yǎng)adhering junction,粘著連接adhesin,粘附素（如見于大腸桿菌）adhesion,吸附，結(jié)合，粘合；粘著，粘附，粘連adhesion factor,粘著因子，粘附因

21、子adhesion molecule,粘著分子，粘附分子adhesion plaque,粘著斑adhesion protein,粘著蛋白，吸附蛋白adhesion receptor,粘著受體adhesion zone,粘著帶（如見于細(xì)菌壁膜之間）adhesive,粘合劑，膠粘劑adhesive glycoprotein,粘著糖蛋白adipic acid,己二酸，肥酸adipocyte,脂肪細(xì)胞adipokinetic hormone,脂動激素（見于昆蟲）adipose tissue,脂肪組織adjust,（動）調(diào)節(jié)，調(diào)整；修正adjustable,可調(diào)的adjustable miropipet

22、tor,可調(diào)微量移液管adjustable spanner,活動扳手adjusted retention time,調(diào)整保留時間adjusted retention volume,調(diào)整保留體積adjuvant,佐劑adjuvant cytokine,佐劑細(xì)胞因子adjuvant peptide,佐劑肽adjuvanticity,佐劑（活）性adoptive immunity,過繼免疫adoptive transfer,過繼轉(zhuǎn)移ADP ribosylation,ADP核糖基化ADP ribosylation factor,ADP核糖基化因子ADP ribosyltransferase,ADP核糖

23、基轉(zhuǎn)移酶adrenal cortical hormone,腎上腺皮質(zhì)激素adrenaline,腎上腺素adrenergic receptor,腎上腺素能受體adrenocepter,腎上腺素受體adrenocorticotropic hormone,促腎上腺皮質(zhì)激素adrenodoxin,腎上腺皮質(zhì)鐵氧還蛋白adriamycin,阿霉素，亞德里亞霉素adsorbent,吸附劑adsorption,吸附adsorption catalysis,吸附催化adsorption center,吸附中心adsorption chromatography,吸附層析adsorption film,吸附膜ad

24、sorption isobar,吸附等壓線adsorption isotherm,吸附等溫線adsorption layer,吸附層adsorption potential,吸附電勢adsorption precipitation,吸附沉淀adsorption quantity,吸附量adult diarrhea rotavirus,成人腹瀉輪狀病毒advanced glycosylation,高級糖基化advanced glycosylation end product,高級糖基化終產(chǎn)物adventitious,不定的，無定形的adverse effect,反效果，副作用aecidiospo

25、re,銹孢子，春孢子aeciospore,銹孢子，春孢子aequorin,水母蛋白，水母素aeration,通氣aerator,加氣儀，加氣裝置aerial mycelium,氣生菌絲體aerobe,需氧菌（利用分子氧進(jìn)行呼吸產(chǎn)能并維持正常生長繁殖的細(xì)菌）aerobic,需氧的aerobic bacteria,需氧（細(xì)）菌aerobic cultivation,需氧培養(yǎng)aerobic glycolysis,有氧酵解aerobic metabolism,有氧代謝aerobic respiration,需氧呼吸aerobic waste treatment,需氧廢物處理aerobiosis,需氧生

26、活aerogel,氣凝膠aerogen,產(chǎn)氣菌aerolysin,氣單胞菌溶素Aeromonas,氣單胞菌屬aerosol,氣溶膠aerosol gene delivery,氣溶膠基因送遞aerospray ionization,氣噴射離子化作用aerotaxis,趨氧性（細(xì)胞）隨環(huán)境中氧濃度梯度進(jìn)行定向運(yùn)動）aerotolerant bacteria,耐氧菌（不受氧毒害的厭氧菌）aerotropism,向氧性aesculin,七葉苷，七葉靈aetiology,病原學(xué)afferent nerve,傳入神經(jīng)affinity,親和，親和性affinity adsorbent,親和吸附劑affini

27、ty chromatography,親和層析affinity coelectrophoresis,親和共電泳affinity column,親和柱affinity coupling,親和偶聯(lián)affinity electron microscopy,親和電鏡（術(shù)）（用親和配體包被銅網(wǎng)）affinity extraction,親和提取，親和萃取affinity filtration,親和過濾affinity labeling,親和標(biāo)記affinity ligand,親和配體affinity maturation,親和力成熟（見于體液免疫系統(tǒng)的發(fā)育）affinity partitioning,親和分

28、配affinity precipitation,親和沉淀affinity purification,親和純化（法）affinity tag,（附加）親和標(biāo)記物aflatoxin,黃曲酶毒素agar,瓊脂agar diffusion test,瓊脂擴(kuò)散試驗(yàn)agar gel,瓊脂膠agar plate,瓊脂平板agar slant,瓊脂斜面（固化時斜放的，裝有固體培養(yǎng)基的一種試管培養(yǎng)基；也指斜面培養(yǎng)基上生長出的菌苔）agarase,瓊脂糖酶agarfitine,傘菌氨酸agaricin,蘑菇素agaricinic acid,蘑菇酸agaropectin,瓊脂膠agarose,瓊脂糖agarose

29、gel,瓊脂糖凝膠agarose gel electrophoresis,瓊脂糖凝膠電泳agarose plate,瓊脂糖平板age pigment,老年色素agent,劑；介質(zhì)agglutination,凝集（作用）agglutinin,凝集素agglutinogen,凝集原aggrecan,聚集蛋白聚糖（來自軟骨）aggregate,聚集體；凝聚體aggregation,聚集（作用）aggressin,攻擊素（細(xì)菌分泌的一種有助于侵染宿主細(xì)胞的化學(xué)物質(zhì)）aggressivity,攻擊力aging,衰老，老化，陳化agitation,振蕩，振搖，攪拌agitator,振蕩器，攪拌器aglyc

30、one,苷元，糖苷配基agonist,興奮劑，激動劑，刺激物；競爭劑；拮抗劑agranulocyte,無粒細(xì)胞agravitropism,無向重力性agretope,（抗原）限制位（抗原上識別并結(jié)合二類主要組織相容性復(fù)合體的部位）agricultural alcohol,農(nóng)產(chǎn)品（制）酒精agricultural waste,農(nóng)業(yè)廢物，農(nóng)業(yè)垃圾agrin,集聚蛋白，集聚素（由運(yùn)動神經(jīng)分泌并可誘導(dǎo)肌纖維的乙酰膽堿酯酶和乙酰膽堿受體發(fā)生聚集）agrobacteriocin,農(nóng)桿菌素，土壤桿菌素Agrobacterium,農(nóng)桿菌屬，土壤桿菌屬Agrobacterium rhizogenes,毛根農(nóng)桿菌

31、，毛根土壤桿菌Agrobacterium tumefaciems,根癌農(nóng)桿菌，根瘤土壤桿菌agrochemical,農(nóng)用化學(xué)品（如除草劑，殺蟲劑等）agrocin,農(nóng)桿素（由某些農(nóng)桿菌所產(chǎn)生并作用于另一些農(nóng)桿菌的抗生素（不是蛋白質(zhì)）agrocinopine,農(nóng)桿糖酯（一種糖磷酸二酯）agroinfection,農(nóng)桿菌感染（法）agropine,農(nóng)桿氨酸，農(nóng)桿堿（見于毛根）agropinic acid,農(nóng)桿鳥氨酸，鳥氨農(nóng)桿堿（見于毛根）air bubble,氣泡air drying,風(fēng)干air filter,空氣濾器air monitering,空氣監(jiān)測air peak,空氣峰，氣泡峰air s

32、terilization,空氣除菌airflow,氣流airflow meter,氣流計airflow moniter,氣流顯示器，氣流監(jiān)控儀airlift bioreactor,氣升式生物反應(yīng)器airlift fermentation,氣升式發(fā)酵airlift fermentor,氣升式發(fā)酵罐airlock,氣鎖akaryote,無核細(xì)胞akinetic chromosome,無著絲粒染色體akinetic fragment,無著絲粒斷片akinetic inversion,無著絲粒倒位alamethicinbeta,丙甲甘肽（來自綠色木酶的一種小肽，富含氨基異丁酸）alanine,丙氨酸a

33、lanine aminotransferase,丙氨酸轉(zhuǎn)氨酶alarm,警報器，定時鐘albinism,白化病albizziin,合歡氨酸，脲基丙氨酸albumin,白蛋白，清蛋白alcohol,醇；乙醇alcohol dehydrogenase,醇脫氫酶；乙醇脫氫酶alcoholic fermentation,生醇發(fā)酵aldehyde,醛；乙醛aldehyde dehydrogenase,醛脫氫酶aldehyde oxidase,醛氧化酶aldimine,醛亞胺alditol,糖醛aldol,羥醛aldol condensation,羥醛縮合aldolase,醛縮酶aldonic acid,

34、醛糖酸aldose,醛糖aldosterome,醛固醇alduronic acid,糖醛酸aleurome,糊粉aleurome grain,糊粉粒aleurome layer,糊粉層alfalfa mosaic virus,苜蓿花葉病毒alga,藻類（單）algae,藻類algicide,殺藻劑algin,藻膠alginate,藻酸鹽alginic acid,藻酸algocyan,藻藍(lán)素algorithm,算法，公式alicyclic amine,脂肪胺alicyclic compound,脂環(huán)化合物alicyclic hydrocarbon,脂環(huán)烴alignment,順序；排列；（序列）對

35、比alimentary canal,消化管aliphatic,脂肪族的aliphatic amine alkaloid,脂（肪）族胺（類）生物堿aliphatic compound,脂肪族化合物aliquot,小份，等份，等分部分alizarin,茜素alkali,堿，強(qiáng)堿alkali metal,堿金屬alkaline,堿的，強(qiáng)堿的alkaline amino acid,堿性氨基酸alkaline denaturation,堿變性法alkaline earth metal,堿土金屬alkaline gel electrophoresis,堿性凝膠電泳alkaline hydrolysis,堿

36、水解（作用）alkaline lysis,堿裂解（法）alkaline phosphatase,堿性磷酸酶alkaline protein,堿性蛋白質(zhì)alkaline reserve,堿儲備（如血液中的碳酸氫鈉）alkalization,堿化alkaloid,生物堿alkane,烷alkene,烯alkyl,烷基alkylating agent,烷化劑alkylation,烷（基）化alkyne,炔all or none,全或無all or nothing,全或無all transconfiguration,全反構(gòu)型allantoic acid,尿囊酸allantoin,尿囊素allatost

37、atin,咽側(cè)體抑制素（抑制保幼激素的分泌）allatotropin,促咽側(cè)體素（促進(jìn)保幼激素的分泌）allele,等位基因allele linkage analysis,等位基因連鎖反應(yīng)allelic complement,等位（基因）互補(bǔ)allelic diversity,等位（基因）多樣化allelic exclusion,等位（基因）排斥allelic inactivation,等位（基因）失活allelic inclusion,等位（基因）相容allelic replacement,等位（基因）置換allelic variation,等位（基因）變異allelism,等位性allel

38、omorph,等位基因allelomorphism,等位性allelopathic substance,異柱克生物質(zhì)，異種克生物質(zhì)allelopathy,異柱克生（現(xiàn)象），異種克生（現(xiàn)象）allergen,變應(yīng)原allergic,變應(yīng)性的allergic disease,變應(yīng)性疾病allergy,變態(tài)反應(yīng)alloantibody,同種抗體alloantigen,同種抗原allodiploid,異源二倍體allodiploidy,異源二倍性allodiplomonosome,異源二倍單體allogenic antigen,同種異型抗原，同種異體抗原allograft,同種異體移植allograf

39、t rejection,同種異體移植排斥allogroup,同種異型組allohaploid,異源單倍體alloheteroploid,異源異倍體allophycocyanin,別藻藍(lán)蛋白，別藻藍(lán)素alloploid,異源倍體alloploidy,異源倍性allopolyhaploid,異源多倍單倍體allopolyploid,異源多倍體allopurinol,別嘌呤醇allopurinol nucleotide,別嘌呤醇核苷酸alloreactivity,同種異體反應(yīng)性allorecognition,同種（異體）識別allose,阿洛糖allosome,異染色體allosteric acti

40、vation,別構(gòu)激活，別構(gòu)活化allosteric activator,別構(gòu)激活劑，別構(gòu)活化劑allosteric control,別構(gòu)調(diào)節(jié)allosteric effect,別構(gòu)效應(yīng)allosteric effector,別構(gòu)劑allosteric enzyme,別構(gòu)酶allosteric inbibition,別構(gòu)抑制allosteric inbibitor,別構(gòu)抑制劑allosteric interaction,別構(gòu)作用allosteric ligand,別構(gòu)配體allosteric protein,別構(gòu)蛋白allosteric regulation,別構(gòu)調(diào)節(jié)allosteric si

41、te,別構(gòu)部位allosteric transition,別構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換（由別構(gòu)劑所引起的蛋白質(zhì)構(gòu)象變化）allosterism,別構(gòu)，變構(gòu)allostery,別構(gòu)性allosynapsis,異源聯(lián)會allotope,同種異型位allotrope,同素異形體allotrtraploid,異源四倍體allotype,同種異型allotypic antigen,同種異型抗原allotypic determinant,同種異型決定簇allotypic marker,同種異型標(biāo)記allotypy,同種異型性alloxan,四氧嘧啶allozyme,同種異型酶allyl,烯丙基allyl resin,烯丙基樹

42、脂allysine,醛（基）賴氨酸alphavirus,甲病毒屬（屬于披膜病毒科）alternate segregation,相間分離alternating copolymer,交替共聚物alternating copolymerization,交替共聚合alternation of generations,世代交替alternative,另一種的，交替的，備擇的alternative complement pathway,補(bǔ)體旁路alternative pathway of complement,補(bǔ)體旁路（途徑）alternative polyadenylation,可變聚腺苷酸化alter

43、native RNA processing,可變RNA加工alternative RNA splicing,可變RNA剪接，旁路RNA剪接alternative splicing,可變剪接，旁路剪接alternative splicing factor,可變剪接因子alternative transcription,可變轉(zhuǎn)錄alternative transcription initiation,可變轉(zhuǎn)錄起始alternatively spliced mRNA,可變剪接的mRNAaltrose,阿卓糖Alu family,Alu家族alum,礬，明礬aluminia,氧化鋁，礬土alveola

44、r gas exchange,肺泡氣體交換alveolar surfactant,肺泡表面活性物質(zhì)alytensin,產(chǎn)婆蟾（緊張）肽Alzheimer disease,阿爾茨海默病，老年性癡呆amaerobic,厭氧的amalgam,汞齊amalgam electrode,汞齊電極amanin,鵝膏素amanitine,鵝膏毒環(huán)肽amantadine,金剛胺amanullin,鵝膏無毒環(huán)肽amaryllidaceae alkaloid,石蒜科生物堿amastatin,氨肽酶抑制劑，抑氨肽酶肽amatoxin,鵝膏毒素amber codonUAA,琥珀密碼子（即終止密碼子）amber muta

45、nt,琥珀突變體，琥珀突變型amber mutation,琥珀突變amber suppression,琥珀抑制amber suppressor,琥珀（突變）抑制基因，琥珀（突變）抑制因子Amberlite resin,Amberlite樹脂，琥石樹脂ambident,兩可的ambident ion,兩可離子ambient,周圍的ambient temperature,環(huán)境溫度，室溫ambiguous codon,多義密碼子ambisense,雙義ambisense genome,雙義基因組ambisense RNA,雙義RNAamboceper,雙納體ambutyrosin,氨丁苷菌素amen

46、salism,偏害共棲American Type Culture Collection,美國模式培養(yǎng)物保藏所amerol,殺草強(qiáng)，氨基三唑Ames test,埃姆斯試驗(yàn)amethopterin,氨甲蝶呤amicetin,友菌素amicillin resistance,氨芐青霉素抗性amidase,酰胺酶amidated peptide,酰胺（化）肽amide,酰胺amidine,脒amido blackSDS-,酰胺黑（可用于蛋白質(zhì)聚丙烯酰胺凝膠的染色）amido bond,酰胺鍵amido link,酰胺鍵amido linkage,酰胺鍵amidomycin,胺霉素amidotrizoat

47、e,3，5-雙乙酰氨基-2，4，6-三碘苯甲酸鹽amiloride,氨氯吡嗪脒（利尿藥）amination,氨基化amine,胺amine bormones,胺類激素amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation system,胺前體攝取（和）脫羧系統(tǒng)，系統(tǒng)（可提取胺前體并進(jìn)行脫羧而產(chǎn)生肽類或活性胺的細(xì)胞系統(tǒng)）amine transporter,胺轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)蛋白Aminex resin,Aminex樹脂amino,氨基amino acid arm,氨基酸臂（位于上tRNA）amino acid frequency,氨基酸（使用）頻率amino acid pref

48、erence,氨基酸偏愛性amino acid residue,氨基酸殘基amino acid residue contact,氨基酸殘基接觸（面）amino acid transport,氨基酸轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)amino acid transporter,氨基酸轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)蛋白amino acid usage,氨基酸使用amino alkyl indole,氨烷基吲哚amino alkyl phosphoramidite,氨烷基亞磷酰胺amino nigrogen,氨基氮aminoacyl,氨酰基aminoacyl esterase,氨酰酯酶aminoacyl phosphatidylglycerol,氨酰磷脂

49、酰甘油aminoacyl site,氨酰基位aminoacyl tRNA,氨酰tRNAaminoacylation,氨酰化aminobenzoic acid,氨基苯甲酸aminocephalosporinic acid,氨基頭孢菌酸aminoethyl,氨乙基aminoethyl mercaptan,氨乙基硫醇，巰基乙胺aminoglucose,氨基葡糖aminoglycoside antibiotics,氨基糖苷（類）抗生素aminoglycoside phosphotransferase,氨基糖苷磷酸轉(zhuǎn)移酶aminoguanidine,氨基胍aminolink,氨基連接臂aminolysi

50、s,氨解aminomycin,氨基霉素，纈氨霉素aminooimidazole,氨基咪唑aminopenicillanic acid,氨基青酶烷酸aminopeptidase,氨肽酶aminophylline,氨茶堿aminopterin,氨基蝶呤aminopurine,氨基嘌呤aminotransferase,氨基轉(zhuǎn)移酶，轉(zhuǎn)氨酶aminotriazole,氨基三唑，殺草強(qiáng)amiodarone,乙胺碘呋酮amitosis,無絲分裂a(bǔ)mixis,無融合ammonia,氨ammonification,氨化（作用）ammonio,銨基ammonium,銨ammonium acetate,乙酸銨amm

51、onium hydroxide,氫氧化銨，氨水a(chǎn)mmonium persulfate,過硫酸氨ammonium sulfate,硫酸銨ammonium sulfate fractionation,硫酸銨分級分離ammonium sulfate precipitation,硫酸銨沉淀ammonotelism,排氨型代謝amniocentesis,羊膜穿刺（術(shù)）amnion,羊膜amniota,羊膜動物amoeba,變形蟲，阿米巴amoeboid movement,變形運(yùn)動amorphous material,無定形物，非晶態(tài)amphi position,遠(yuǎn)位amphiastral mitosis

52、,雙星有絲分裂a(bǔ)mphibia,兩棲綱amphibivalent,雙二價體amphibolic pathway,兩用代謝途徑（即可用于代謝物分解又可用于合成）amphidiploid,雙二倍體amphidiploidy,雙二倍性amphigenesis,兩性生殖amphiglycan,雙棲蛋白聚糖（同時見于上皮及成纖維細(xì)胞）amphihaploidy,雙倍體amphimixix,兩性融合amphion,兩性離子amphipathic,兩親的amphipathicity,兩親性amphipathy,兩親性amphiphilic,兩親的amphiphilicity,兩親性（一個分子中一部分親水，另

53、一部分疏水）amphipolyploid,雙多倍體amphipolyploidy,雙多倍性amphiprotic,兩性的amphiregulin,雙調(diào)蛋白amphitrophy,兼性營養(yǎng)amphivalency,異配現(xiàn)象（用于配位化學(xué)）ampholine,兩性電解質(zhì)（公司商品，可用于等電聚焦）ampholyte,兩性物，兩性電解質(zhì)ampholytoid,兩性膠體amphoteric character,兼性性質(zhì)amphoteric characteristics,兼性性質(zhì)（兼有酸堿性或正負(fù)電賀）amphoteric colloid,兼性膠體amphoteric emulsifier,兼性乳化劑

54、，兩性乳化劑amphoteric ion,兼性離子amphotericin,兩性霉素amphoterics,兼性表面活性劑amphotropic retrovirus,兼嗜性逆轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒，雙嗜性逆轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒（既能在宿主細(xì)胞又能在異種細(xì)胞上引起產(chǎn)毒性感染）ampicillin,氨芐青霉素amplicon,擴(kuò)增子amplification,擴(kuò)增amplimer,擴(kuò)增引物ampoule,安瓿瓶amycin,阿霉素amygdalin,扁桃苷，苦杏仁苷amylase,淀粉酶（包括糖化酶和麥芽糖化酶）amylin,糊精amylo process,阿明露法，淀粉發(fā)酵法，霉菌糖化法（由根酶及酵母菌同時生長糖化，發(fā)

55、酵生產(chǎn)酒精）amylodextrin,極限糊精amyloglucosidase,淀粉葡糖苷酶amyloid protein precursor,淀粉樣蛋白前體amyloid ring,淀粉質(zhì)環(huán)amylolytic activity,淀粉分解活性amylopectin,支鏈淀粉amyloplast,造粉（質(zhì)）體amyloplastid,造粉粒amylose,直鏈淀粉anabolism,合成代謝anaerobe,厭氧菌（缺乏超氧化物岐化酶，須在無氧或低氧化還原電勢的條件下才能正常生長繁殖的微生物）anaerobic bacteria,厭氧細(xì)菌anaerobic chamber,厭氧培養(yǎng)室anaer

56、obic contact digestor,厭氧接觸（型）消化器anaerobic cultivation,厭氧培養(yǎng)anaerobic digestion,厭氧消化anaerobic fermentation,厭氧發(fā)酵anaerobic filter system,厭氧過濾系統(tǒng)anaerobic membrane bioreactor,厭氧膜生物反應(yīng)器anaerobiosis,厭氧生活，無氧生活anaerogen,不產(chǎn)氣菌anaeroic digestor,厭氧消化器analgesic,止痛藥analgesis,鎮(zhèn)痛analog,類似物analogous,類似的，模擬的analogous or

57、gan,同功器官analogous protein,類似蛋白質(zhì)（有時特指由趨同進(jìn)化而產(chǎn)生的相似蛋白）analogue,類似物analogy,模擬，類似analogy model,模擬模型analyte,分析物analytical,分析的analytical chromatography,分析型層析analytical column,分析柱analytical reagent,分析純試劑anaphase,（細(xì)胞分裂）后期anaphylactic,過敏性的anaphylactic reaction,過敏反應(yīng)anaphylatoxin,過敏毒素anaphylaxis,過敏性，過敏（反應(yīng)）anaple

58、rotic reaction,添補(bǔ)反應(yīng)anastral mitosis,無星有絲分裂a(bǔ)ncestor,祖先，始祖ancestry,祖先，始祖anchimeric assistance,鄰助作用anchor,錨anchor catalyst,錨定催化劑anchor primer,錨定引物anchorage,固著，錨定anchored PCRPCR,錨式聚合酶鏈（式）反應(yīng)，錨式anchorin,錨定蛋白anchoring,錨著，錨定ancovenin,血管緊張肽轉(zhuǎn)化酶抑制肽androcyte,雄（母）細(xì)胞androecium,雄蕊群androgamete,雄配子androgen,雄激素androg

59、en binding protein,雄激素結(jié)合蛋白androgenesis,孤雄發(fā)育，單雄生殖，雄核發(fā)育androgenetic parthenogenesis,產(chǎn)雄孤雌生殖androgonium,雄原細(xì)胞androgynism,雌雄同柱，雌雄同體andromedotoxin,梫木毒素andrometoxin,雄核卵塊發(fā)育androplasm,雄質(zhì)androsome,限雄染色體androspore,產(chǎn)雄孢子；小孢子androsterone,雄酮anemia,貧血anemoentomophily,風(fēng)蟲媒anemophilous flower,風(fēng)媒花anemophilous plant,風(fēng)媒植物

60、anemophilous pollination,風(fēng)媒傳粉anemophily,風(fēng)媒anergy,無反應(yīng)性（用于細(xì)胞免疫學(xué)）anesthesia,麻醉aneucentric chromosome,非單著絲粒染色體aneuhaploid,非整倍單倍體aneuhaploidy,非整倍單倍性aneuploid,非整倍性aneuploid cell line,非整倍體細(xì)胞系aneuploidy,非整倍性angiogenesis factor,血管生成因子angiogenin,血管生成素angioplasty,血管成形術(shù)（可用于基因轉(zhuǎn)移）angiosperm,被子植物angiotensin,血管緊張肽a