1、 華東師范大學(xué)英語水平測試樣卷（試行）PartOneListeningcomprehension40%(35minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.BoththeconversationandthequestionwillbespokenonlyONCE.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepauseyoumust

2、readthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.A.Aguestandareceptionist.Apassengerandanairhostess.Acustomerandashopassistant.Aguestandawaitress.A.Thewomaniswearinglonghairnow.Thewomanfollowedthemansadvice.Themandidntwantthewomantohaveherhaircut.Themandidntcareifthewomanhadherhaircu

3、tornot.A.Shefeltitwastiring.Shefeltitwasverynice.Shethoughtittooklesstime.Shethoughtitwasexpensive.A.Onceaweek.B.Twiceaweek.C.Threetimesaweek.D.Fourtimesaweek.A.Hedoesntthinkitnecessarytorefuelthecar.Hecanmanagetogetthegasolinetheyneed.Hehopesthewomanwillhelphimselectafuel.D.Hethinksitisdifficulttog

4、etfuelforthecar.A.Getapassport.B.Getadrivinglicense.C.Checkheridentity.D.Payherelectricitybill.A.Verygoodindeed.ShespeaksverylittleEnglish.OKforeverydayconversation.HerEnglishandheraccentareexcellent.A.Bothspeakershavemovedtoanewarea.Thewomanwantstosettleherproblemsinlife.Themandoesnotknowanyoneexce

5、ptthewoman.D.Themanismovingtoanewareainsixmonths.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Completetheformswiththeinformationyouhear.TheconversationswillbespokenonlyONCE.Conversation1InterestingThingsOneCanSeeorDoa.streetvendorsTOC o 1-5 h zOnthestreetsinBrazilb.telling(9)c.(1

6、0)a.watching(11)OnthestreetsinFranceb.(12)Conversation2PersonalCheckingAccountMoneyMarketAccountMinimumbalance(13)dollars(14)dollars # InterestNoPaideachmonthonthebalanceNumberofchecks(15)(16)issuedSectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwilllistentoatalkaboutblogTWICEandfillintheblankswiththeexactwords

7、youhear.RememberthewordsyouneedtofillinareONEtoTHREEwords.Blog,ablendoftheterm“weblog”,isatypeofwebsiteorpartofawebsite.Blogsareusuallymaintainedbyanindividualwithregularentriesofcommentary,(17),orothermaterialssuchasgraphicsorvideo.Entriesarecommonlydisplayedinreverse-chronologicalorder.Blogcanalso

8、beusedasaverb,meaningtomaintainor(18)toablog.Mostblogsareinteractive,allowingvisitorstoleavecommentsandevenmessageeachotherviawidgetsontheblogsanditisthisinteractivitythat(19)otherstaticwebsites.Manyblogsprovidecommentaryornewsona(20);othersfunctionasmorepersonalonlinediaries.Atypicalblogcombinestex

9、t,images,andlinkstootherblogs,webpages,andothermedia(21)itstopic.Theabilityofreaderstoleavecommentsinaninteractiveformatisanimportantpartofmanyblogs.Mostblogsare(22)textual,althoughsomefocusonart,photographs,music,videoandaudio.Micro-bloggingisanothertypeofblogging,(23)veryshortposts.SectionDDirecti

10、ons:Inthissection,youwilllistentoahealthprogramfromVOA.YouwilllistenONCEanddotheexercisesbelow,eitherfillinginblanksormakingchoices.StudyaspartoftheWomensHealthInitiativeBeginningtime1994Duration(24)yearsSubjects100,000women;(25)yearsofageorolderFindings:A.diethantheothersB.smokeandhavehighbloodpres

11、sureC.dieofcancer.D.diefromanycause(Chooseanswersfromtherightcolumn)Hopefulwomenwere14percentlesslikelyto(26)Hostilewomenwere16percentmorelikelyto(27)Highlyuntrustingwomanwere23percentmorelikelyto(28)Optimisticwomenwerelesslikelyto(29)ConclusionsWhichofthefollowingistrue?Optimismleadstohealthierchoi

12、cesOptimismaffectsapersonsphysicalhealthDistrustleadtobadhealtheffectsandshorterlifeMoreresearchisneededtostudythelinkSectionEDirections:In2005SteveJobsdeliveredaspeechatStanfordUniversitywherehetoldthreestoriesofhislife.Inthissection,youwillhearoneofthestories.ListentothespeechONCE,anddecidewhether

13、thefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.PleasewriteTfortrueorFforfalseontheAnswerSheet.Stevesbiologicalmothernevergraduatedfromcollege.Stevesfosterparentswerealawyerandhiswife,whopromisedthatStevewouldgetcollegeeducation.Stevedroppedoutofcollegebecausehedidntthinkthemoneyspentontuitionworthwhile.Stevet

14、ookthecalligraphyclasshopingtofindsomepracticalapplicationinfuture.Withtheconnecting-the-dotsstory,Stevemeanttotellusthatweshouldoftenlookbackwardandforward.PartTwoReadingComprehension35%(45minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewithsixblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeac

15、hblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Agenerationgapdescribesavastdifferenceinculturalnormsbetweenayoungergenerationandtheirelders.Thetermfirstcameinto(36)inWesterncountriesduri

16、ngthe1960sanddescribedtheculturaldifferencesbetweenthebabyboomersandtheirparents.Althoughhistoryhadalwaysseensome(37)ofgenerationaldifferences,duringthiserathedifferencesbetweenthetwogenerationsmagnifiedsignificantlyin(38)toprevioustimes.Thereweremajordifferencesinsuchmattersasmusicaltastes,fashion,

17、druguse,andpolitics.Thissituationmayhavebeen(39)bytheunprecedentedsizeoftheyoungbabyboomergeneration,whichgavethemagreater(40)ofpowerandinfluencethanhadbeenseenpreviously,andtheyoungergenerationwaswillingto(41)againstsocietynormstoapreviouslyunseendegree.acceleratedcomparisondegreediminisheddistingu

18、ishextensionprominencerebelretreatJ.senseSectionBDirections:Inthissectionyouwillreadonepassagefollowedbysomequestion(s)orunfinishedstatement(s).ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandwritetheanswerontheAnswerSheet.Manydiseaseresearchershavewarnedthatrisinggl

19、obaltemperaturescouldleadtomorediseases,forexamplebyallowingtropicaldiseasestoexpandtheirrangesintowhatarenowmildregionsThisisaparticularfearforthediseasescarriedbyinsectssuchasmalaria(瘧疾)andsleepingsickness.Buttherealityismorecomplex,arguesKevinLafferty,adiseaseecologistattheUSGeologicalSurveysWest

20、ernEcologicalResearchCenterinSantaBarbara,CaliforniaHearguesthatawarmingclimatecouldfavorsomediseasesincertainregionswhileinhibitingtheminothers.Laffertydoesnotdenythatclimatechangemightallowmalarialmosquitoes(瘧蚊)tospreadtonewareasHowever,hebelievesthathotteranddrierconditionsmayalsoeliminatemosquit

21、oesfromareaswheretheycurrentlythrive,suchasSahelregioninAfricaIfthiswerethecase,hesays,therewouldbelittle,ifany,netincreaseintheriskofdisease.Inaddition,manytemperateregionssuchassouthernEuropeorthesouthernU.S.havegoodsanitationandinsectcontrolprogramswhich,Laffertysays,wouldpreventdiseasesfrombecom

22、ingprevalentevenifclimaticconditionsweresuitable.Finally,heargues,climatechangecouldwipemanyspeciesofftheplanetInfectiouspathogens(病原體)dependontheirhostsforsurvivalsotheytoomaybecomeendangeredespeciallyifthey,likemalaria,relyonmorethanonehost.Lafferyspapercausedsuchabigstiramongitsreviewersthattheed

23、itorhandlingit,KenWilsonofLancasterUniversityintheUK,commissionedaseriesofresponsesarguingbothsidesofthedebatetopublishalongsideit.“Idisagreewiththewholelineofreasoning,”saysMercedesPascualoftheUniversityofMichiganinAnnArbor.ShepointsoutthattherearelargehumanpopulationsintheeastAfricanhighlands,just

24、outsideoftheexistingrangeofmalarialmosquitoes,andastemperaturesrise,themosquitoeswillreachtheseareas.Thiswillmorethanoffsetanybenefitsfromdecreasedriskelsewhere,shesays.Mostoftheecologistsdo,however,seemtoagreeononepoint:predictingwhereadiseaseisgoingtogonextinvolvesfarmorethanjustclimate.Nomatterho

25、wthedebateisresolved,theyallagreethathealthconcernsshouldcontinuetoplayacriticalroleinclimatepolicy,andthedebateshouldntberegardedasweakeningthecaseforactiononglobalwarming.Diseaseresearchersgenerallybelievethatrisingglobaltemperaturemightcause.morediseasestobetransferredintotropicalregionstropicald

26、iseasestobespreadoutofitsoriginalareasmalariaandsleepingsicknesstobecomemorecomplexsomediseasestobeprevalentinallregionsTheunderlinedword“inhibiting”inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto.preventingB.livingC.freezingD.assistingLaffertybelievesthatawarmingclimatemay.helpmosquitoesincurrentlythriving

27、areascauseasharpdecreaseintheriskofdiseasepreventdiseasesfrombecomingprevalenteverywherekillmanyspeciesthatcarrydiseasesMercedesPascualthinksthat.LaffertysreasoningispartlyacceptableeastAfricanhighlandswillbeaffectedbymosquitoesduetoglobalwarmingmosquitoeswillreachareaswithlargehumanpopulationsrisin

28、gtemperaturewillbenefitplacesoutofAfricaMostoftheecologistsagreethat.climateplaysnoroleinpredictingdiseases.healthissuesshouldbetheuppermostconcerninpolicymakingactiononglobalwarmingshallnotbeaffectedbythedebateapolicyshouldbemadeimmediatelytostopclimatechangeSectionCDirections:Inthissectionyouwillr

29、eadapassagediscussingHappiness.Therearethreeparagraphs(Para.2-4)withincompletesentences.YouareaskedtofinisheachsentencewithNOMORETHAN10WORDS(seeQuestions47-49).Anexampleisprovidedinparagraph1(seeExample).Afterreadingthewholepassage,therewillbethreequestionsforyoutoanswer(seeQuestions50-52).1.Whatdow

30、eknowabouthappiness?Weknowthatpeoplesreportsofimmediatejoyandmiseryfluctuatefromactivitytoactivity.Wealsoknowthatsubjectivewell-beingcanbecomplex.Peoplecanbehappyaboutworkandsadaboutlove.Theoppositeofhappiness,researchsuggests,isnotnecessarilydespair,butratherapathy(淡漠).Somepeoplejust(Example).Answe

31、r:dontfeelmuchofanythingdonthave(much)feelingforanythingfeelnothing/dontfeelmuchnomatterwhathappensNonetheless,peoplewhosaytheyaregenerallyhappytendtobeeconomicallysecure,married,healthy,religious,andbusywithfriends;theytendtoliveinaffluent(富裕的),democratic,individualisticsocietieswithactivist,welfar

32、e-stategovernments.Theconnectionbetweenreportinghappinessandpersonaltraitsoftenrunsbothways.Forexample,beinghealthyaddstohappiness,and(47).Fordecades,researchershavebeenespeciallyinterestedinand,withtherecentinvasionofeconomists,arenowobsessedwithwhethermoneymakespeoplehappy.Weknowthatbeingpoormakes

33、peoplelesshappy.Someresearchersargue,however,thathavingmoremoneybeyondthatneededforbasicsecurityreturnsnoadditionalhappinessandcanevencreateunhappiness.Makingmoremoneymaybefruitlessbecausepeopleadaptpsychologicallytotheirlevelsofwealthand,likeaddictsanddrugs,needevermoremoneytogetthesamelevelofpleas

34、ure.Orperhapsitsnotreallyaboutthemoney;itsaboutposition.Peoplechasemoneytofeelsuperiortothefolksnextdoor.That,ofcourse,becomesaviciousandpointlesscycle.Otherresearchersagreethatthemoremoneyonemakes,themoremoneyittakestomovethehappinessmeter,buttheyneverthelessinsistthatmoremoneyunlikethefutileexperi

35、encewithdrugsdoes(48),justataslowerpace.Themoney-happinessquestionwasinitiallyraisedbyeconomistRichardEasterlin,whoobservedthatgrowingaffluencesincethemid-twentiethcenturyhadnotledtomorereportsofhappinessinnationalsurveys.OneexplanationoftheEasterlinParadox,asidefromadaptationandcompetition,isthatin

36、creasingmaterialismruinedthepleasureAmericansmighthavegottenfrombecomingwealthier.Somehavearguedthatthereisnoparadoxtostartwith,becausethegrowingwealthsincethe1970shasconcentratedinthehandsofthefew.AverageAmericanshaventgottenhappierinpartbecause(49).Theexpertspressingforhappinessindicatorsarereacti

37、ngtopolicymakershabitofassessingprogressonlyintermssuchastheGrossNationalProduct.Happinessresearchersproposeblendingtheirnumberswithothermeasuresofwell-being,suchashealthstatistics,educationalattainment,socialties,politicalvoice,andsustainability.Still,cautionsareinorder.Politically,thismoveexpandst

38、hegeneration-longdivisionbetweentree-huggerandlunch-bucketliberals.“Post-materialists,”whobelievethatAmericanshaveextractedallthehappinesswealthcanprovide,arguethatweshouldworkonothersourcesofhappiness,suchaspersonalrelationshipsandexperiencingnature.Materialists,whobelievethattoomanyAmericansarestu

39、ckwaybelowsomewealth-and-happinessoptimum,arguethatweshouldkeeppushingformoreandbetter-paidjobs.InParagraph3,moneyiscomparedtodrugs.Whatstheirsimilarity?Accordingtothepassage,whatfactorsmayexplainEasterlinParadox?Inordertogainmorehappiness,whatistheclaimof“materialists”?SectionDDirections:Inthissect

40、ionyouwillreadtwoarticlesdiscussingsleep.ReadanddoQuestions53to62.Questions53to57arebasedonthearticleonPage8.Dothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationgiveninthepassage?Write:TrueorTifthestatementagreeswithinformation;FalseorFifthestatementcontradictstheinformation.Missingoneortwonightsofsleepm

41、ayleadtodecreasedattentionspan,unintentionaldaytimedozes,vulnerabilityandalcoholism.Ifapersonsuffersfromsleeplossforacontinuingperiodoftime,heorsheismorelikelytohavehypertension,mooddisorders,orobesity.Ifapersonwantstostayingoodshapeandkeepfit,heorsheshouldsleepatleastforsevenoreighthoursaday.Whenap

42、ersonstaysuplate,heorshemayfeellikeeatingmorethefollowingday.Sleepproblemsarethoughttobetheresultofmentalillness,andviceversa.Questions58to62arebasedonthearticleonPage9.Matchthegadgetswiththecorrespondingfeatures.Somefeaturemaybeusedmorethanonce.A.Itisfashionableanduncomplicatedindesign.Itisuncomfor

43、tabletowear.Itisthemostexpensivegadgettested.Itworkscomparativelywellonrecordingwakingtimes.Ithasacalorie-burnalgorithm.Ithasanaccelerometertotracksmalldifferencesinbodymovement.Ithassensorstotrackskintemperatureandperspiration.Itrequiresplacingthesmartphonefacedownonthemattress.Itkeepsarecordofdail

44、ymeals.GadgetsFeaturesJawboneUp24BasisB1FitbitForceABodymediaFitlinkBSleepCyclehouLdYbuSt日yUpLate?SoyouwanttokeepbingeingonNetftix,butyouneedtowakeupearlytomorrow,WhafstheworstthatcouLdhappen?STARTPromise?NODoyouusuallystauplate?Behonesloftendoysteep號卜 # #YSNO.WBOAREYOU,MYMOM? # Tomorrow,willyou:ope

45、rateheavymachinery,workonprojectsofpersonaLorprofessionalconsequence(orengageinothEFactivityrequiringmentalacuity?YESShort-termsleepdeprivationislikebeingdrunk.Stayingawake19hoursmaycausethesamementalimpafrmentasa0.05%bloodalcohollevel.By24hoursItslikeaDUIlevelof0.1%.AcutesleepLossaLsoleadstodecreas

46、edattentionspanrslowedreac-tiontime,memoryproblems,irritability,andmicrosleepinvoluntarydaytimedozes.”；ADAY:ORTWO*HEHAMD；THERE/NOInstudies,skippingsleepChronicdoffivehoursonightoverperiodis；witha45risXofheChronic=lemsalsthelikeHaveyoubeen*iH”samepoint,please.SleepCanTreat:MentalDisordersResearchersh

47、adthoughtthatmental亍causedinsomnia,buttherelationshipmayflowbothwySfInZOOS,apilotEvaluationbyStanfordUniveTsityshowedthatpatientswithdepressionwhohadtalktherapyforinsomniainadditiontoantidepressantszwr*電nearlytwi93likelytogointoremission.PreliminaryworkfromtheUniversityofOmordshowsthatfixingsleepinp

48、eoplewithschizophTenlahelpseaseparanoiddelusionsAreyouoverweightortryingtoLoseweight?YBShunger-stimulatinghormoneghrelinby20%thefollowingday.NOH0MEGADg1tFestManyofthelatestfitnesstrackersalsoclaimtomonitorsleep,soIdecidedtotestafew,Istrappedfourofthemtomyarm24/7foraweekofself-designedexperiments.Som

49、enights.Icurbedcat-佗in日exercisedearly,andgottobedontime.OthernightsIsufferedfromjetLag,stayedupwaytooLatewatchingHomeland,orexperiencedtheilleffectsoftoomuchbourbon.Theresultsweremixed,3.FitbitForceSLEEKESTHowitworks:Inadditiontoanaccelerometer,acaLorie-burnalgorithm,andameaLLog,thedevicehasanaltime

50、tertomeasurenumberofstairs(orhills)climbed.Mytake;Tti已attractive,comfortable,andstraightforwardFitbitForcewastheonlydeviceILlconsiderwearinginthefuture.Butitgavemeidentical14JawboneUp24EASIESTTOUSEHowItworks:Anaccelerometerthatmeasuresmotiontracksbothactivityandrest(includingsleep).Analgorithmusesit

51、sdatatocalculatecaloriesburnedbasedontheuserssex,weight,height,andage.Mytake:Theappbreaksdownsleepintolightanddeepphases.supposedlybasedonsmalldifferencesinbodymovement.YetonnightswheremynotessayIwokemanytimes,theUp24cLaimsIsLeptsoundLy.$149.99Data:5Easeofuse：10looks:BCmfoZ:ioU*BodyMediaFitLiiUcBESTSLEEPTRACKERHowEtworks:Ithassensorsforsweat,skintemperature,heatflux.已nefanaccelerometer,Mytake:Althoughitchyandawkwardlyplacedonmyupperarmhitwasthemastaccurate.Onterriblenights,itwastheonlyonet