1、Book 3 Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars語言點用法過關1. harmful adj.有害的教材原句What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water al-lowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas. 很多科學家相信,由于地球上長期有水存在,使地球得以把有害氣體和酸性物質溶解在海洋里。語境應用單句填空As we all know, a bad

2、eating habit is harmful (harm) to ones health.As far as Im concerned, there is no harm (harmful) in making an apology to him first.一句多譯那時我意識到浪費時間玩電腦游戲對我的學習和健康是有害的。(2015重慶寫作一)Then I realized that wasting time in playing computer gameswas harmful to my study and healthdid harm to my study and healthwa

3、s bad for my study and health用法點撥(1)be harmful to.對有害(2)harm n. & vt.傷害;損害do harm to sb.=do sb. harm對某人有害There is no harm in doing sth.做某事沒有壞處(3)harmless adj. 無害的2. exist vi.存在;生存教材原句They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years. 它們也下蛋,并且在地球上存在了1億4千多萬年。語境應用單句填空Even thou

4、gh he is a little boy, strange ideas always exist in his mind. The old lady became seriously ill last week;she has only existed on milk ever since. There exists (exist)a good way to solve the problem at present.完成句子Scientists have many theories about how the universe came into existence .關于宇宙是如何產生的,

5、科學家們有多種學說。用法點撥(1)exist in 存在于之中exist on 靠為生There exists/existed.某地有(2)existence n.存在;生存in existence 存在come into existence 產生;開始存在點津exist是不及物動詞,沒有被動語態,也不用于進行時態。3. puzzle v.使迷惑;使為難;使困惑 n.謎;難題教材原句How life began on earth is one of the biggest puzzles that scientists found hard to solve.地球上生命的起源是科學家們難以解決

6、的最大疑惑之一。語境應用單句填空The police are still puzzling about/over how the accident happened.Ive been trying to puzzle out why shes so upset.Tom seemed puzzled (puzzle)about what the question meant.單句改錯Her puzzling look on her face suggested she didnt understand what I said. puzzlingpuzzled 用法點撥(1)puzzle over

7、/about sth.苦苦思索puzzle sth. out 琢磨出的答案(2)puzzled adj. 迷惑不解的(常用來修飾人或人的表情)puzzling adj. 令人迷惑的(常用來修飾事物)1. in time 及時;終于;遲早;最后教材原句 They were in time to produce carbon dioxide,nitrogen,water vapour and other gases,which were to make the earths atmosphere. 它們最終產生了二氧化碳、氮氣、水蒸氣和其他氣體,從而形成了地球的大氣層。語境應用寫出下列各句中in

8、time的含義Andy knew he could not reach the house in time.及時Youll succeed in time because you are always working hard.遲早Working hard made him successful in time.最后句型轉換The activity is so meaningful that we will never forget it. The activity is so meaningful that at no time will we forget it. (用at no time

9、改寫)用法點撥in no time立刻;馬上at no time決不(放在句首時,句子用部分倒裝)at a time每次;依次at one time曾經;一度at the same time同時from time to time有時;偶爾take ones time別著急;慢慢來kill time消磨時間2. in ones turn輪到某人教材原句Thus they have,in their turn,become the most important animals on the planet.于是,輪到它們成為這個行星上最重要的動物。語境應用單句填空People try to avoi

10、d public transportation delays by using their own cars, and this in turn creates more problems.I think its my turn to drive (drive) the kids to school this week.It turned out that this young man was lazier than the old mans son.寫作微練 When it was my turn, I was too excited to speak . 當輪到我時,我激動得都說不出話來了

11、。用法點撥in turn 依次;輪流;轉而;相應地by turns 輪流地;交替地take turns to do/(in)doing sth. 輪流做某事It is ones turn to do sth. 輪到某人做某事了It turns/turned out that.結果3. cheer up(使)高興;(使)振奮;感到高興;感到振奮教材原句I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin watching the earth become smaller and the mo

12、on larger.我立刻感到很高興,由于失重我在太空艙里飄來飄去,我望著(身后的)地球越來越小,而(前方的)月球越來越大。語境應用單句填空Upon arriving at the classroom, the author was cheered up by awarm welcome.They do this in order to encourage the crowds to cheer their sports team on . 單句改錯When Im feeling sad my mother tells me funny stories to cheer up. cheer后加

13、 me用法點撥(1)cheer sb. up使某人振作起來cheer sb. on為某人加油(2)Cheers!口語(用于祝酒)干杯!(3)cheering adj.鼓舞人心的cheering news鼓舞人心的消息4. now that既然教材原句“Oh dear,”I cried, “walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.” “天哪,”我大聲說,“重力改變了,看來走路也的確需要練一練了。”語境應用完成句子 Now that/Since you have got the chance (既然你得到了這

14、個機會), you had better make full use of it.It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet (因為地面是濕的). 寫作微練既然我們制訂了計劃,我們就應該堅持執行。(2016浙江書面表達) Now that/Since we have made a plan, we should stick to it. 用法點撥now that與since同義,語氣較弱,指雙方都明確的原因或眾所周知的原因,側重主句because語氣最強,一般指事情發生的直接原因,常用來回答why的提問as語氣比because弱,

15、所引導的從句表示的是顯而易見的原因和理由for并列連詞,連接兩個并列分句,說明前一個分句的原因1. 倍數+as.as.教材原句 But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.而當我試著向前邁步時,我發覺我被送出去很遠,步子的跨度竟是在地球上的兩倍,因而我摔倒了。語境應用單句填空This book is twice thicker (thick)than that one.The worlds population has grown to mo

16、re than six times what it was in 1800.一句多譯最近發現的一顆行星幾乎是地球的三倍大。A planet discovered recently is almost three times as large as the earth.A planet discovered recently is almost three times bigger than the earth.A planet discovered recently is almost three times the size of the earth.用法點撥twice as far as是

17、倍數的表示方法,意為“是的兩倍遠”。聯想常見的倍數表達法:.倍數+as+adj./adv.+as.倍數+比較級+than.倍數+the+size/weight/length.+of.倍數+what從句2. make it+adj./n.+to do sth.教材原句 This produced a chain reaction,which made it possible for life to develop.這就產生了一個連鎖反應,使生命的發展成為可能。語境應用單句改錯The sun heats the earth, which makes it possible for plants grow. plants后加to The girl knows three foreign languages, which makes its easier for her to find a good job. itsit 一句多譯精通這項技術可能會讓我們更加有效地利用網絡。Mastering the technology makes it possible for us to use the Internet more effectively . Mastering the