1、第 14 講 情景交際一、日常交際應答語1. 感謝與應答感謝：Thank you very much. / Thanks a lot. / Many thanks. 應答： Thats all right. / Thanks for helping me. / Youre welcome. / Thats OK. / Not at all. Its my pleasure. / Dont mention it. / Its nothing. / Think nothing of it. / Forget it. 2. 道歉與應答道歉： Im sorry. / Im sorry to troub

2、le you. / Im sorry to have kept you waiting. 應答： It doesnt matter. / Its not important. / Thats/Its nothing. / Not at all. /Never mind. Thats all right. / Forget it. / Thats OK. / No problem. / Not to worry. 3. 勸告、建議與應答勸告和建議：I think you ought to我想你應該If I were you, Id如果我是你，我會It might be a good idea i

3、f you如果你這倒是個好主意。Have you ever thought of？ 你是否想過要？I recommend that我建議I strongly advise you to我極力主張你You really ought to你的確應該Personally, I think youd better依我看，你最好Why not do？ 為什么不？Why dont you do？ 你為什么不？I suggest that我建議What about doing？ 怎么樣？How about doing？ 怎么樣？Shall we？ 我們去好嗎？Lets， shall we? 讓我們去好嗎？Y

4、ou need (to)你需要肯定的應答： Good idea. / Thats great. / Sounds great. / It sounds great. / Thats fine. /Why not?否定的應答：Id love to，but / Im afraid / Its an idea，but4. 請求與應答請求： May I？ / Can I? / Could I？ / Do you mind if I肯定的應答： With pleasure. / Certainly(Of course) / Sure，go ahead. / Yes，help yourself. Of c

5、ourse not，go ahead(回答Do you mind if I的請求). 否定的應答：Im afraid not. / Better not. / Id rather you didnt. 5. 應答對方的要求肯定的：All right. / I will. 否定的：No way. / Forget it. Do remember to call me up when you arrive. I will. I think you should phone Jenny and say sorry to her. No way. It was her fault. 6. 邀請與應答邀

6、請： Would you like to？ / Why dont we？肯定的應答： That would be fine. / Thats very kind of you. /All right. /Yes，Id love to. 否定的應答：Id love to，but / Sorry，I cant. / Im afraid I cant. 7. 祝愿、祝賀與應答祝愿、祝賀： Good luck! / Best wishes to you. /Have a nice/good time/journey. /Congratulations!Happy New Year! / Merry C

7、hristmas! / Happy birthday to you. 應答： Thank you! / The same to you. / You，too. / Happy New Year！(Merry Christmas！)8. 鼓勵、贊揚與應答鼓勵、贊揚： Very good. / Well done. /Wonderful. /Excellent. /Keep trying. /You can do it. 應答： Thank you. / OK. /Ill try it again. 9. 提供幫助與應答主動提供幫助時：Can I help you? /What can I do

8、for you /Would you like me to help you?Do you want me to / Let me需要別人幫助時：Yes，please. / Thank you for your help/ Thanks. 不需要別人幫助時：No，thank you./ Thank you all the same. / Thats very kind of you, but二、情感態度的表達1. 表示驚奇：Really? / How come？(何以會？) / What a surprise! /Good heavens!2. 表示同情： Im sorry to hear t

9、hat. / What a pity! / Thats really unlucky. / Bad luck. 3. 表示安慰： Dont worry. / Dont be afraid. / Take your time. / Take it easy. Make yourself at home. / Its quite all right. / Itll be OK. 4. 表示鼓勵： Come on. / Cheer up. / You can do it. / You will make it. 5. 表示同意： I quite agree. / I couldn t agree m

10、ore. / Exactly. /Certainly. /Absolutely. Thats a good idea. / No problem. / I think so. 6. 表示不同意： Not really. / Not Exactly. / I dont quite agree. /I dont think so. / Im afraid not. 7. 表示不在乎： So what? / Who cares? 易錯易混點解答情景交際題時要做到“四忌” 一忌上詞下用 上詞下用指的是答句部分沿用了題干句子的重點詞、信息詞，按表層意思似乎合情合理，但往往為錯誤的“虛像”，需經進一步分析

11、后才能確定正確選項。如： 用“I dont”應答“Dont forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow”， 用“Dont be sorry”回答“Im sorry I broke your mirror”，用“Dont be sorry”回答“Im sorry I broke your mirror”， 用“No thanks”回答“Thank you ever so much for the book you sent me.” 避免“上詞下用”的誤區，一是確認題目涉及的交際功能項目，二是確認句子上下文語境，三是確認正確的話語方式。【例題】 I

12、wonder if I could use your telephone. _. A. I wonder how B. I dont wonder C. Sorry, its out of order D. No wonder, here it is. 【答案及解析】 C 盡管該題中反復出現“wonder”一詞，但通過仔細審題可確定其考查的功能項目為征求對方意見，問句相當于“Could I use your telephone？”綜合語境和話題的分析，正確的答話方式一般為“Of course you can”(肯定)或“Sorry，you cant”(否定)，也只有C項(抱歉，它壞了)符合題意

13、，A、B、D項均屬典型的“上詞下用”現象，而且D項中的“No wonder”意思為“難怪”，更是和題干內容相差甚遠。二忌中文思維 與上詞下用比較，這一誤區更具迷惑性，因為無論按題目內容或是按思維方式來考慮，都非常符合中國學生的習慣。顯然，掌握英漢兩種語言和文化之間的相同和相異之處，對于準確解題至關重要。考生解題失誤之一是按漢語的表達方式和結構去套英語，去選答案，這屬于語言知識的“負遷移”。【例題】 Do you think its going to rain over the weekend? _. A. I dont believe B. I dont believe it C. I bel

14、ieve not so D. I believe not【答案及解析】 D以Do you think？這樣的句子來提問，用D項來回答表示否定，顯然不符合中文的表達習慣，這也正是許多考生選了A、B、C項的原因。另一個更常見的失誤是套用中國文化模式。違背英語國家的思維方式和文化習俗，這屬于文化方面的“負遷移”。三忌直接回絕 這主要是指在對方要求得到幫助，提出請求或邀請時，回答過于直接，不夠委婉，盡管從語義角度分析是沒毛病的，但不符合英語國家的交際習慣。“請求”方面的問話有May I？/Can I？/I wonder if I could/Do you mind if I？等，“邀請”方面的問話有W

15、ill you？/Would you like to？/Id like to invite to等。在作否定回答時，為了表示禮貌和委婉，通常要用一些委婉詞，如but，Im afraid, Im sorry, thanks, please, had better等。 【例題】 I didnt know this was a oneway street, officer. _ A. Thats all right. B. I dont believe you. C. How dare you say that?D. Sorry, but thats no excuse. 【答案及解析】 D許多考生有可能選B、C項，這是沒有注意到西方人生活、工作中交往的必要禮節，答話時過于生硬，沒有顧及他人感情，而正確答案D項正是在充分考慮到說話雙方的身份，彼此之間的關系以及說話人的立場和態度的基礎上做出的選擇。四忌答非所問 答非所問的錯誤比較容易察覺，如果問話與答話的內容風馬牛不相及的話，考生可以迅速排除。但有時雙方會話內容有所關聯，仔細推敲才發現其實答語并不切題。最典型的例子是With pleasure和Its a pleasure。