初中英語英語-名詞模塊復(fù)習(xí)_第1頁
初中英語英語-名詞模塊復(fù)習(xí)_第2頁
初中英語英語-名詞模塊復(fù)習(xí)_第3頁
初中英語英語-名詞模塊復(fù)習(xí)_第4頁
初中英語英語-名詞模塊復(fù)習(xí)_第5頁
已閱讀5頁,還剩8頁未讀 繼續(xù)免費(fèi)閱讀

下載本文檔

版權(quán)說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請(qǐng)進(jìn)行舉報(bào)或認(rèn)領(lǐng)

文檔簡(jiǎn)介

1、第一講 名詞1.1名詞的分類名詞可以分為專有名詞(Proper Nouns)和普通名詞 (Common Nouns),專有名詞是某個(gè)(些)人,地方,機(jī)構(gòu)等專有的名稱,如Beijing,China等。普通名詞是一類人或東西或是一個(gè)抽象概念的名詞,如:book,sadness等。普通名詞又可分為下面四類: 1)個(gè)體名詞(Individual Nouns):表示某類人或東西中的個(gè)體,如:gun。 2)集體名詞(Collective Nouns):表示若干個(gè)個(gè)體組成的集合體,如:family。 3)物質(zhì)名詞(Material Nouns):表示無法分為個(gè)體的實(shí)物,如:air。 4)抽象名詞(Abstr

2、act Nouns):表示動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)、品質(zhì)、感情等抽象概念,如:work。個(gè)體名詞和集體名詞可以用數(shù)目來計(jì)算,稱為可數(shù)名詞(Countable Nouns),物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞一般無法用數(shù)目計(jì)算,稱為不可數(shù)名詞(Uncountable Nouns)。歸納表格如下 |專有名詞 | | 名 | | 個(gè)體名詞 | | | | 可數(shù)名詞| | | 集體名詞 | |普通名詞 | | | 詞 | | 物質(zhì)名詞 | | | | 不可數(shù)名詞| | 抽象名詞 | |1.2名詞復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化_情況 構(gòu)成方法 讀音例詞_一般情況加 -s 1.清輔音后讀/s/; map-maps 2.濁輔音和元音后 bag-bags

3、讀 /z/;car-cars_以s,sh,ch,x等結(jié)尾的詞加 -es 讀 /iz/bus-buses watch-watches_以ce,se,ze,(d)ge等結(jié)尾的詞 加 -s讀 /iz/license-licenses_以輔音字母+y 變y 為i結(jié)尾的詞 再加es 讀 /z/baby-babies) 以y 1結(jié)尾的專有名詞,或元音字母+y 結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí), 直接加s變復(fù)數(shù): 如:two Marys the Henrys monkey-monkeysholiday-holidays比較: 層樓:storey -storeys story-stories 2) 以o 結(jié)尾的名詞,變復(fù)數(shù)

4、時(shí):a. 加s,如: photo-photospiano-pianos radio-radioszoo-zoos; b. 加es,如:potato-potatoestomato-tomatoesc. 均可,如:zero-zeros / zeroes 3) 以f或fe 結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí): a. 加s,如: belief-beliefsroof-roofs safe-safes gulf-gulfs;b. 去f,fe 加ves,如:half-halvesknife-knivesleaf-leaveswolf-wolveswife-wiveslife-livesthief-thieves;c. 均

5、可,如:handkerchief: handkerchiefs / handkerchieves 名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化 1)child-childrenfoot-feettooth-teethmouse-miceman-men woman-women 注意:與 man 和 woman構(gòu)成的合成詞,其復(fù)數(shù)形式也是 -men 和-women。如: an Englishman,two Englishmen. 但German不是合成詞,故復(fù)數(shù)形式為Germans;Bowman是姓,其復(fù)數(shù)是the Bowmans。2)單復(fù)同形如:deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese li,j

6、in,yuan,two li,three mu,four jin但除人民幣元、角、分外,美元、英鎊、法郎等都有復(fù)數(shù)形式。如:a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters3)集體名詞,以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn),但實(shí)為復(fù)數(shù)。如:staff peoplepolicecattle 等本身就是復(fù)數(shù),不能說a staff a people,a police,a cattle,但可以說a person,a policeman,a head of cattle, the English,the British,the French,the Chinese,the Japanese

7、,the Swiss 等名詞,表示國(guó)民總稱時(shí),作復(fù)數(shù)用。如: The Chinese are industries and brave.中國(guó)人民是勤勞勇敢的。不規(guī)則變化4)以s結(jié)尾,仍為單數(shù)的名詞,如: a. maths,politics,physics等學(xué)科名詞,為不可數(shù)名詞,是單數(shù)。 b. news 是不可數(shù)名詞。 c. the United States,the United Nations 應(yīng)視為單數(shù)。The United Nations was organized in 1945. 聯(lián)合國(guó)是1945年組建起來的。 d. 以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的書名,劇名,報(bào)紙,雜志名,也可視為單數(shù)。The

8、Arabian Nights is a very interesting story-book. 是一本非常有趣的故事書。5) 表示由兩部分構(gòu)成的東西,如:glasses (眼鏡)trousers,clothes 若表達(dá)具體數(shù)目,要借助數(shù)量詞 pair(對(duì),雙);suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers6) 另外還有一些名詞,其復(fù)數(shù)形式有時(shí)可表示特別意思,如:goods貨物,waters水域,fishes(各種)魚1.3不可數(shù)名詞量的變化物質(zhì)名詞a. 當(dāng)物質(zhì)名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為個(gè)體名詞時(shí)。 比較:Cake is a kind of food.蛋糕

9、是一種食物。 (不可數(shù))These cakes are sweet.這些蛋糕很好吃。 (可數(shù))b. 當(dāng)物質(zhì)名詞表示該物質(zhì)的種類時(shí),名詞可數(shù)。This factory produces steel.(不可數(shù))We need various steels.(可數(shù))c. 當(dāng)物質(zhì)名詞表示份數(shù)時(shí),可數(shù)。Our country is famous for tea. 我國(guó)因茶葉而聞名。Two teas, please.請(qǐng)來兩杯茶。2) 抽象名詞有時(shí)也可數(shù)。four freedoms 四大自由 the four modernizations四個(gè)現(xiàn)代化物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞可以借助單位詞表一定的數(shù)量。如:a gla

10、ss of water 一杯水a(chǎn) piece of advice一條建議1.5 名詞作定語名詞作定語一般用單數(shù),但也有以下例外。1) 用復(fù)數(shù)作定語。 如:sports meeting 運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì) students reading-room 學(xué)生閱覽室 talks table 談判桌 the foreign languages department 外語系 2) man, woman, gentleman等作定語時(shí),其單復(fù)數(shù)以所修飾的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)而定。 如:men workerswomen teachers gentlemen officials3) 有些原有s結(jié)尾的名詞,作定語時(shí),s保留。 如:g

11、oods train (貨車) arms produce武器生產(chǎn) customs papers 海關(guān)文件 clothes brush衣刷4) 數(shù)詞+名詞作定語時(shí),這個(gè)名詞一般保留單數(shù)形式。 如:two-dozen eggs兩打/(二十四個(gè)雞蛋) a ten-mile walk 十里路 two-hundred trees 兩百棵樹 a five-year plan一個(gè)五年計(jì)劃 1.6名詞的格在英語中有些名詞可以加s來表示所有或所屬關(guān)系,帶這種詞尾的名詞形式稱為該名詞的所有格,如:a teachers book。名詞所有格的規(guī)則如下:(修飾有生命的名詞用s,無生命的一般用of結(jié)構(gòu))1) 單數(shù)名詞詞

12、尾加 s,復(fù)數(shù)名詞詞尾沒有s,也要加s,如the boys bag 男孩的書包,mens room 男廁所。專有名詞s結(jié)尾(一般應(yīng)加s)Charless job2) 若名詞已有復(fù)數(shù)詞尾-s ,只加s,如:the workers struggle工人的斗爭(zhēng)。3) 凡不能加s的名詞,都可以用名詞+of +名詞的結(jié)構(gòu)來表示所有關(guān)系,如:the title of the song 歌的名字。4) 在表示店鋪或教堂的名字或某人的家時(shí),名詞所有格的后面常常不出現(xiàn)它所修飾的名詞,如:the barbers 理發(fā)店。5) 如果兩個(gè)名詞并列,并且分別有s,則表示分別有;只有一個(gè)s,則表示共有。 如:Johns

13、and Marys room(兩間)John and Marys room(一間)6) 復(fù)合名詞或短語,s 加在最后一個(gè)詞的詞尾。 如:a month or twos absence1.Theygotmuch_fromthosenewbooks.A.ideasB.photosC.news D.stories 2. I have two _ and three bottles of _ here. orange, orange B. oranges, oranges C. oranges, orange D. orange, oranges3. Every evening M r. King t

14、akes a _ to his home . A. 25 minutes walk B. 25 minutes walk C. 25 minute walk D. 25 minutes walk4. An old _ wants to see you. A. people B. person C. the people D. the person 5. Help yourself to _. A. chickens and apples B. chickens and apple C. chicken and apple D. chicken and apples6. Oh, dear. I

15、forgot the two _. A. rooms number B. rooms number C. room numbers D. rooms numbers7. She has been in Tianjin for ten years. Tianjin has become her second _. A. family B. house C. home D. room8. _ mothers couldnt go to the meeting, because they have gone to Shanghai . A. Mary and Peters B. Mary and P

16、eter C. Marys and Peter D. Marys and Peters9. Li Lei has been to _ many times this month. A. her uncle B. her uncles C. her uncles D. aunts 10. He is a success as a leader but he hasnt _ in teaching. A. many experiences B. much experience C. an experience D. a lot experience11. A classmate of _ was

17、here ten minutes ago. A. you B. your C. your sister D. your sisters12. A group of _ are talking with two _. A. Frenchmen, Germans B. Germans ,Frenchmans C. Frenchmans , Germen D. Germen , Frenchmen 13.The team _ having a meeting . A. is B. are C. am D. be14, Please pick up the _ Dont keep it on the

18、floor.A, water B, paper C, books D, bottles15. The Great Wall was made not only by _, but also the flesh and blood of _ men. A. earth and stone, millions of B. earths and stones, millions C. the earth and stone, million of D. the earths and stones, millions1, Last night, there was a food accident. T

19、he _ were ill, but no _ were lost. A. child, lives B. children, life C. children, lives D. child, life2. -This is a photo of _ when they were young. -OK, how happy they both looked! A. my father and mother B. my mother and fathers C. my mothers and fathers D. my fathers and my mother 3. The new student is in _ , Grade Two. A. Class Third B. Third Class C. Class Three D. Three class 4. Today is September 10th. Its _ Day. Lets go and buy some flowers for our teachers. A. Teachers B. Teachers C. the Teachers D. Teach

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請(qǐng)下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請(qǐng)聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁內(nèi)容里面會(huì)有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文庫(kù)網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲(chǔ)空間,僅對(duì)用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對(duì)用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對(duì)任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請(qǐng)與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時(shí)也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對(duì)自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

評(píng)論

0/150

提交評(píng)論