1、課時提能練(三十四).閱讀理解(2019濟南市針對性訓練)ThemodernpizzawasoriginallyinventedinNaples，Italy，butthewordpizzaisGreekinorigin，derivedfromtheGreekwordpktosmeaningsolidorclotted.TheancientGreekscoveredtheirbreadwithoils，herbsandcheese.Thefirstmajorinnovationthatledtoflatbreadpizzawastheuseoftomatoasatopping.Itwascomm

2、onforthepooroftheareaaroundNaplestoaddtomatoestotheiryeast-basedflatbread，andsothepizzabegan.aWhileitisdifficulttosayforsurewhoinventedthepizza，itishoweverbelievedthatmodernpizzawasfirstmadebybakerRaffaeleEspositoofNaples.Infact，popularurbanlegendholdsthatthearchetypal(原型的)pizza，PizzaMargherita，wasi

3、nventedin1890，whentheRoyalPalaceofCapodimonteaskedtheNeapolitanpizzaioloRaffaeleEspositotocreateapizzainhonorofthevisitingQueenMargherita.Ofthethreedifferentpizzashecreated，theQueenstronglypreferredapiewrappedinthecolorsoftheItalianflag：red(tomato)，green(basil)，andwhite(mozzarella)Supposedly，thiskin

4、dofpizzawasthennamedaftertheQueenasPizzaMargherita.Later，thedishhasbecomepopularinmanypartsoftheworld：Thefirstpizzeria，AnticaPizzeriaPortAlba，wasopenedin1830inNaples.InNorthAmerica，thefirstpizzeriawasopenedin1905byGennaroLombardiat53SpringStreetinNewYorkCity.ThefirstPizzaHut，thechainofpizzarestauran

5、tsappearedintheUnitedStatesin1958.Nowadays，manyvarietiesofpizzaexistworldwide，alongwithseveraldishvariantsbaseduponpizza.【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹了比薩的歷史淵源。1Whatsmainlytalkedaboutinthetext?AWaysofmakingpizza.BThehistoryofpizza.CVarietiesofpizza.DStoriesaboutpizza.B主旨大意題。根據第一段的“Themodernpizzawasoriginallyinventedi

6、nNaples，Italy，butthewordpizzaisGreekinorigin”以及文章的整體內容可知，本文主要介紹了比薩的歷史起源。2Whatcanreplacetheunderlinedword“derived”inParagraph1?ASeparated.BAdapted.COriginated.DTransformed.C詞義猜測題。根據第一段的“ThemodernpizzawasoriginallyinventedinNaples，Italy”可知，此處說的是比薩起源于希臘單詞“pktos”，故畫線詞意為“發源，開始”，故選C。3Howwaspizzafirststart

7、ed?AAncientGreekscoveredtheirbreadwithoils，herbsandcheese.BPeopleinNaplesaddedtomatoestotheirbreadasatopping.CRaffaeleEspositowrappedapieinthecolorsoftheItalianflag.DQueenMargheritaawardedhernametopizzaintheRoyalPalace.B細節理解題。根據第一段最后兩句“Thefirstmajorinnovationthatledtoflatbreadpizzawastheuseoftomatoa

8、satopping.ItwascommonforthepooroftheareaaroundNaplestoaddtomatoestotheiryeast-basedflatbread，andsothepizzabegan”可知，那不勒斯人先在面包上用西紅柿作為配料，由此開創了比薩這種食品，故選B。4Whatcanbelearnedfromthetext?APizzaremainspopulararoundtheworld.BThefirstPizzaHutwasopenedinNaples.CThetasteofpizzastaysthesameovertime.DGennaroLombar

9、diwasthefirsttomakepizza.A細節理解題。根據文中的“Later，thedishhasbecomepopularinmanypartsoftheworld”和“Nowadays，manyvarietiesofpizzaexistworldwide，alongwithseveraldishvariantsbaseduponpizza”可知，比薩現在在全世界依然很受歡迎，故選A。.語法填空(2019銀川檢測)RajeshNaik1(transform)120acresofwastelandintoanorganicfarm，providingan2.(inspire)exam

10、pleoftheeffortstocreatealargelake.“Icomefromafamilyofagriculturalistsandthislandismyancestralland,3hardrockstructuresmakeitdifficulttoholdwater.Peoplethoughtitwasimpossibletofarmthislandand4Iwasthrowingawaymycareer.However，Iwasdeterminedtoworkondevelopingthewaterresourcesinthearea，”saysRajesh.Ittook

11、alotoffinancialresourcesandtime5(create)thelake，whichisenoughtoirrigate(灌溉)thewholefarm.Thishasnotonlyencouragedplant6(grow)inthearea，butalsohelpedinincreasingthewatertable(地下水位)inthesurroundingareas7thefarm.Besidesgrowingfruitandvegetables，Rajeshhasalsostartedadairyfarmthathas8.(many)than200cows.“I

12、fthismodel9(carry)outineverypartofthecountry，thewholecountrywillbeabletosolveitswaterproblemsandhaveagriculture10.(total)basedonorganicfarming.Whatisimportantisthewillofpeopleandthesupportfromthegovernment.”saysRajesh.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要介紹了RajeshNaik把120英畝的荒地變成了有機農場的過程及其對未來的期望。1hastransformed考查動詞的時態。根

13、據下文中的“providingan(inspire)exampleoftheeffortstocreatealargelake”可知，此處為過去發生的事情對現在造成的影響，所以用現在完成時，即RajeshNaik已經把120英畝的荒地變成了一個有機農場。2inspiring考查非謂語動詞。為創造一個大型湖泊的努力提供了一個鼓舞人心的例子。根據語境可知，此處用現在分詞作定語，意為“鼓舞人心的”。3where考查定語從句。堅硬的巖石結構使其難以蓄水。分析句子結構可知此處為定語從句，且從句中不缺少主語或賓語，又根據語境可知用where引導定語從句，在從句中作地點狀語。4that考查連接詞。人們認為耕

14、種這片土地是不可能的，我正在浪費我的事業，分析句子結構可知此處為賓語從句，若動詞后有兩個或多個并列的賓語從句時，第二個和后面幾個從句的that不能省略，所以此處應填that。5tocreate考查非謂語動詞。建成這個湖需要花費大量的財政資源和時間，此處ittakes(sb.)時間/金錢todosth.為固定結構，其中動詞不定式為真正的主語。6growth考查名詞。這不僅促進了該地區植物的生長，而且也提高了農場周邊地區的地下水位。根據語境可知此處用名詞growth意為“生長”。7of考查介詞。參見上題解析。根據語境可知thefarm與thesurroundingareas為所屬關系，所以用of所

15、有格。8more考查形容詞比較級。Rajesh還創辦了一個有200多頭奶牛的牛奶場。此處morethan意為“超過”，為固定結構。9iscarried考查動詞的時態及語態。根據語境可知，此處主語model與動詞carry之間為被動關系；空處所在句描述的是將來的情況，又因為在含有條件狀語從句的復合句中，從句應用一般現在時代替一般將來時，故此處用一般現在時的被動語態。10totally考查副詞。此處修飾動詞短語basedon，用副詞。.讀后續寫閱讀下面短文，根據所給情節進行續寫，使之構成一個完整的故事。WhenIwas12yearsold，IwasaskedtoleaveSundaySchool.

16、OurteachershadsatallthestudentsdownthatdayinthebasementofthechurchTheyhandeduspensandpaperandinstructedustowriteletterstomenservingtheirsentencesintheprison.WewouldasktheprisonerstoacceptJesusintotheirheartsandmendtheirways.orIIIwasinthe8thgrade，andallIwantedwastobeinvisible.Ididntwanttobeprettier，s

17、marter，differentIjustwantedtodisappearsuddenly.Iwasalwaysattractedtowardsthecornersofaroom，avoidingeyecontact，keepingasstillaspossible，andavoidingspeakingatallcosts.Thatmorning，though，hadtospeakup.IrefusedtowritealettertoamanIdnevermet，whohappenedtoliveinaprison，soItoldthemitwasnobusinessofmine.This

18、wasverydifficultforme，butbehindmynervousnessandfear，wassureaboutwhatIsaid.Theyaskedmetositinthehallwayuntilmymothercameforme.Mymomwasntangry，andIwasntintrouble，butafterthat，shehadahardtimepersuadingmetogotochurch.Foryears，Iexistedhappilywithminimalspiritualintervention(干涉)Butnineyearsago，Ifeltforced

19、togoback.Iwassixmonthspregnant，andIwokeuponedaywithareadyheart，awillingnesstolisten，andadesireforcommunityformyselfandformychild.MymomhadbeenattendingalocalQuakermeetingforaboutayear，andIfollowedherclosely.Itwasamodernmeeting，withachoir，benches，andacollectionplate.Theystillhonoredoldtraditionswithap

20、eriodofsilentworship，wheneveryonesatinthoughtfulsilence，speakingonlywhendeeplymovedtospeakIsatinmybenchwithmyhandsonmybelly，listeningtothatthickmeaningfulsilence，andIfeltcomfortedandstill.注意：1所續寫短文的詞數應為150左右；2至少使用5個短文中標有下劃線的關鍵詞語；3續寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語已為你寫好；4續寫完成后，請用下劃線標出你所使用的關鍵詞語。Paragraph1：Eventually，Ifoundmywaytoamuchsmallermeeting，whereIknewthenamesofeveryonepresent.Paragraph2：Atwork，Iammoreappreciativeofthestoriespeopletellme.【參考范文】Paragraph1：Eventually，Ifoundmywaytoamuchsmallermeeting，whereIknewthenamesofeveryonepresent.Inourmeetingroom，benchesarearrangedtofaceonea