1、The Attributive Clause 定語從句講解一、句子的結構主語：句子中發出動作的部分，由名詞、代詞、 動名詞、不定式等擔當。謂語：句子中主語發出的動作，由動詞擔當賓語：接受動作的部分。由名詞、代詞、動名詞、 不定式等擔當。及物動詞后面。表語：在be后的賓語定語：修飾名詞的部分狀語：修飾動詞的部分。說明謂語時間的叫時間狀 語，說明謂語地點的叫地點狀語等等。補語：補充說明謂語動作的結果I will study (the interesting )subjects today. 主語謂語定語賓語狀語Weihua is an exchange student.謂語表語On the cam

2、pus he found the building（in school） beautiful now.主語謂語賓語補語時間狀語地點狀語定語關系詞在從句中充當主語、賓語、表語等名詞性成分，叫關系代詞。關系代詞有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。the man that I know_. the man that likes art#什么 叫先行詞？關系詞？從句？關系如何？筆記！This is the school that I like.關系詞在從句中充當時間、地點或理由等狀語，叫關系副詞The reason_ I want to run the clubwhyTh

3、e day _ I saw you關系副詞有：when, where, why等。the canteen _I have dessertswhenwhere定語從句定語從句The Restrictive Attributive Clause限制性定語從句The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause非限制性定語從句限制性定語從句的構成The old lady who lives next to us sells books.You should do all that I said.I have found the teather whom I am lookin

4、g for .I visited the factory where my father works.關系代詞 關系副詞先行詞 之后,用陳述式語序“.的”關系詞1.從句位置及語序:2.翻譯方法:3.構成先行詞和關系詞的關系1.A plane is a machine that can fly. 2.The boy who broke the window is called Tom.3.The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather.4.The school where I study is far from m

5、y home.the machine = thatthe boy =whothe boys =whosein the school = where關系代詞實際上是先行詞的復指關系詞whose實際上是先行詞的所有格關系副詞實際上是介詞先行詞Join the following sentences:A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.先行詞和關系詞的關系Join the following sentences:A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.A plane is can fly.關系代詞的實質the

6、 machinea machineJoin the following sentences:A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.A plane is can fly.關系代詞的實質a machinethat /which關系代詞的實質Join the following sentences:The lady is Green. We saw her yesterday. herThe lady we saw yesterday is Green Who/that指人指物主語賓語that whichwhowhom關系代詞的用法 關系代詞在從句中可以

7、：何時可以省略？做賓語時可以省略關系代詞的用法練習1.The eggs were not fresh. I bought them yesterday.2.The friend was not hungry. He came to supper last night.3.He prefers the cheese. It comes from his parents farm. 4.The noodles were delicious. You cooked them. 5.I dont like the people. They smoke a lot. The eggs (that/whi

8、ch) I bought them were not fresh. The friend who/ that he came to supper last night was not hungry. He prefers the cheese that / which it comes from his parents farm.The noodles( which/ that )you cooked them were delicious.I dont like the people that / who they smoke a lot.關系副詞和先行詞的關系I still remembe

9、r the day when I came here. This is the house where I lived last year. There are many reasons why people like traveling. I dont like the way that you speak. on the day =whenin the house= wherefor the reasons =whyin the way =that關系副詞實際上是介詞先行詞1.Ill never forget the days_ we worked together. 2.Ill neve

10、r forget the days _ we spent together. 3.I went to the place I worked ten years ago. 4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago. 5.This is the reason _ he was late. 6.This is the reason _ he gave. when /in whichwhichwhere/ in whichwhichwhy/ for whichthat/which幾種易混的情況及物動詞及物動詞及物動詞難用的 whoseThe tea

11、cher praised the student. His English is the best in our class.The teacher praised the student whose English is the best in our class.Join the following pair of sentences.whose =the students關系詞whose實際上是先行詞的所有格難用的 whoseThe house is mine. The window of the house is broken.Join the following pair of se

12、ntences.The house whose window is broken is mine. whose=the houses windowThe house is mine.the window of which is brokenof which the window is broken非限制性定語從句The town where I live is beautiful.Kenli, where I live, is beautiful.Teachers who are kind are popular with the students.Mr Wang, who is kind,

13、is popular with the students.Please compare:形式作用能否省略翻譯限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句插入成分修飾限定補充解釋不能能.的Teachers who are kind are popular with the students.Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.分析兩種定語從句省略后的結果The town where I live is beautiful.Kenli, where I live, is beautiful.分析兩種定語從句省略后的結果限制性定語從句省略后主語所指

14、就不明確，所以不能省略非限制性定語從句和單句的比較2.He failed in the exam._ made his parents angry.3.He failed in the exam, _made his parents angry.4.He has two sons. Both of _ are teachers. 5.He has two sons, both of _ are teachers.Thiswhichwhomthem that1.I am reading Harry Porter, _is an interesting book.whichas 引導的非限制性定語

15、從句The earth is round._ is known to all.The earth is round,_ is known to all._ is known to all, the earth is round_ is known to all that the earth is round.Itwhich/ as AsItas 具有正如之意，與之搭配的動詞一般是固定的，如：as you know/ as you see/as we planned/as we expected定語從句在句首時只能用as,as 引導的非限制性定語從句 (1)This is the same pe

16、n as I lost.This is the same pen that I lost.Please compare:這本書和我丟的那本一模一樣。這本書就是我丟的那本。as 引導的限制性定語從句 (2)This is such an interesting book _ we all like.This is so interesting a book _ we all like.This is such an interesting book _we all like it.This is so interesting a book _we all like it.asthatPlease

17、 complete the following sentences and compare:asthat這是大家都喜歡的如此有趣的一本書。(定語從句)這本書如此有趣，大家都喜歡。(結果狀語從句)介詞+關系代詞的情況 1The man whom you spoke was a scientist.The city which she lives is far away.toin介詞+關系代詞的情況 2The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away.toinAre these

18、two sentences right?介詞+關系代詞的情況 3The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away.toin Are these two sentences right?可見,who、that 不能用與介詞之后 介詞+關系代詞的情況 4Is this the watch that you are looking for?The old man whom I am looking after is better . 在固定短語中介詞不能提前下面兩句中的介詞能提前嗎

19、?1. Do you like the book she spent $10? 2. Do you like the book she paid $10?3. Do you like the book she learned a lot? 4. Do you like the book she often talks? 5. He built a telescope he could study the skies.介詞+關系代詞的情況 練習on whichfor whichfrom whichabout whichthrough which6. There is a tall tree ou

20、tside, stands our teacher.7. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _ is the Yellow River.8. The tower _ people can have a good view is on the hill.9. The man _ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at wrestling.10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most _ hadnt been cleaned

21、 for at least a year.under whichof whichfrom whichto whomof which1.當先行詞是不定代詞時,如:All ,few, little, much, every, something, anything, everything, 等只能用that 做關系代詞的情況2.當先行詞被the only, the very, the same, little, few, no, any等修飾時3.當人和物合做先行詞時4.當先行詞被序數詞或形容詞最高級修飾時 5.在疑問詞who、which、what開頭的句子中在非限制性定語從句中只能用which 做關系代詞的情況在介詞后面1.He did all / everything _he could to help me.2.This is the very thing _ I am after.3.We talked about the men a