1、精選優質文檔-傾情為你奉上精選優質文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業專心-專注-專業精選優質文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業專升本常見詞匯辨析總結常見動詞辨析：1. 擊，打：hit, beat, defeat, strike單詞含義例句hit打中或對準某一點打(一次擊打)hit sb. on the headbeat連續的敲擊The raining is beating against the widow.defeat打敗某人或集體 (強調結果)We defeated the enemy.strike用木棒石頭等打；打動（抽象意義）I was struck by her beauty.2.

2、穿：dress, put on, wear, have on單詞含義 例句dressdress sb.+in； be dressed inShe was dressed in red.put on穿上，強調動作Put on your coat when you go out.wear穿著，帶著，強調狀態 佩戴首飾、眼鏡等He seldom wears a watch.have on 強調狀態，一般不用現在分詞和被動語態He always has dark glasses on.3. 適合：suit, match, fit單詞含義 例句suit花色、款式適合，或與氣質、身材等相稱This dre

3、ss doesnt suit me. Have you got another style?match搭配合適，性質相符The color of the shirt doesnt match that of the tie.fitfit尺寸、大小、形狀合適The key doesnt fit the lock.4. 花費：take, spend, cost, pay 單詞含義 例句takeIt takes sb.+time+to do sth. 做某事需要時間It took me 15 minutes to finish this job.spendSb.spend(s) +time/mone

4、y+(in) doing sth.I spent 15 minutes doing this work.coststh. cost(s) +sb.+money 某物花費了某人錢This book cost me 8 dollars.paypay sb. pay(s) +money+forsth.I paid 8 dollars for this book.5. 參加: attend, join, join in, take part in, enter for單詞含義 例句attend參加婚禮、會議、上課、聽報告等attend a meetingjoin=become a member of加

5、入某個團體或組織join the students unionjoin in參加某項活動join in the discussion take part in take part in 參加群眾性活動，強調在該項活動中發揮了一定作用take part insocial activitiesenter for報名參加某項比賽或考試enter for the race6. 毀壞：damage/destroy/ruin單詞含義 例句damage價值、用途降低或外表損壞My house was damaged in the heavy rain.destroy徹底毀壞，很難修復The big fire

6、 destroyed the little town.ruin逐漸毀掉，常含比喻的隱含意義My breakfast was ruined by what you said.7. 發現：find, find out, discover, invent單詞含義 例句find側重發現的結果He finally found his key.find out經過研究或詢問查明某事或真相I will find out what happened.discover偶然或經過努力發現原來存在但不為人所 知的事物The scientists can discover more secrets of the un

7、iverse.invent運用智慧發明新事物Thomas Edison invented the light bulb.8. 改變：change, alter, vary, turn單詞含義 例句change翻天覆地大變化，變得與原物完全不同I have changed my mind.alter局部的、外表的變化，本質不變This dress need altering a little.vary一系列變化，強調種類多樣，連續變化Customs vary with the times.turn變成，強調變化的結果In this cartoon fairy tale, a prince tur

8、ns into a frog.9 得到: achieve, acquire, gain, obtain單詞含義 例句achieve由于努力，克服困難后達到 目標Achieve ones goalacquire經過努力獲得的知識、技術等抽象東西，或養成習慣等acquire a bad habitgain通過競爭或戰爭，歷盡艱幸獲得有價值的東西No pains, no gains.obtain通過乞求或長時間付出代價得到渴望的東西obtain employment10.要求：request, require, demand 單詞含義 例句request有禮貌的請求；正式的請求Many people

9、 requested another song.require要求所必需的東西；法律、協議、規章以及其他客觀情況的要求All passengers are required to show their tickets.demand主觀要求，堅決或強 烈要求They are demanding higher wages.單詞用法requestrequest sb. to do sth. request that sb. should do sth.requirerequire sb. to do sth. require that sb. should do sth. require doing

10、=require to be donedemanddemand to do sth. demand that sb. should do sth.11.separate, divide單詞含義 用法separate把從中分離出來 (把原來是一個整體的， 或靠近的東西分離出來)separatefrom divide把分成 (把一個整體分成若干部分）divideinto 12. 發生: take place, happen, occur, come about, break out單詞含義 例句take place按照安排，有計劃地發生、舉行The Olympic Games of 2008 to

11、ok place in Beijing.happen偶然或突發事件的發生I happened to see a car accident.occur發生, 突然想到It occurs to me that come about事情已經發生, 但不知道原因, 多用于否定和疑問I dont know what have come about. break out戰爭、疾病、災難等的突然爆發A fire broke out last night while we were sleeping.14. 建議：advise, suggest, persuade 單詞含義 用法advise建議,勸告advi

12、se sb. to do sth. advise doing sth. advise that sb. (should) do sth. advise = try to persuadesuggest建議suggest to sb. suggest doing sth. suggest that sb. (should) do sth.persuade說服,勸服 (強調結果)persuade sb. To do sth. persuade sb. into doing sth. persuade sb. out of doing sth.15. 看：glance, glare, glimpse

13、, stare, peer, peep, gaze, gape單詞含義 例句glance(粗略地，隨便地) 一瞥She gave him a quick glance and smiled.glare怒目而視They glared at each other after a big fight. glimpse一瞥，看一眼I caught a glimpse of that girl.stare盯著 (粗魯無禮的)I told him not to stare at her; its rude.peer費力地看She has to peer at things because of her s

14、hort sight.peep窺視，偷看The mother peeped into the bedroom.gaze凝視，目不轉睛地看He gazed at his beautiful bride.gape吃驚地看著The children gaped at the dinosaur model in the museum.16. 宣布：declare, announce, proclaim單詞主語 賓語場合declare則既可以是權力機關或政府首腦，也可以是普通個人重要的決策、舉措或意見主要用于正式場合，也可用于非正式場合announce公眾關心的，特別是具有新聞性的事件可以用于一般場合，

15、也可用于官方正式公告proclaim只能是權力機關或政府首腦指意義重大的事情正式場合17. consist of/be made up of/be composed of單詞用法例句consist of無被動，無進行時Our team consists of five doctors and two nurses.be made up of被動形式，無進行時Our life is made of choices.be composed of被動形式，無進行時Every substance is composed of very small particles called molecules.

16、18. 辨析：represent/stand for/on behalf of單詞含義 例句stand for 代表；象征。側重于用另外的東西代表或表示What does a yellow rose stand for? on behalf of 代表(某人或某組織)；為了的利益On behalf everyone here, I wish you a very happy holiday. represent指有代表性或象征性地描述或講述This picture represents a storm at sea.19. cross/across/over/through單詞含義 例句cro

17、ss穿過；十字路口Be careful when you cross the street. across從一邊到另一邊，從表面穿過；在.對面Go across the bridge, you will see a building. My house is across the Central Plaza. through從內部穿過The elephant cant go through the gate.over從上空越過，翻越過去climbed over the hill; jump over the deskThe bird flew over the river.rise, rais

18、e, arise, arouse 單詞含義 例句rise不及物(rose, risen)日月云霧煙熱氣，物價河水溫度計，起床起立與起義皆由rise升上去。The sun rose at seven oclock. The price is rising. Jane rose slowly from the chair. arise不及物(arose, arisen)多用于問題、困難、分歧等出現、由.引起How did the quarel arise? Problems arose from the lack of communication. raise及物(raised, raised)招

19、募、募捐、飼養、養育、提高、舉起用raise Salaries have now been raised. They perform to raise money for the poor. arouse及物(aroused, 同)喚起(興趣、同情心等)、喚醒某人He fell asleep. Dont arouse him. The lecture aroused my interest. 練習：He _and walked downstairs. They _glasses to their friendship. Steam is _from the kettle. They have

20、_up to 20,000 yuan for the Hope Project. When the question_, no now could solve it. 答案：(1) rose (2) raised (3) rising (4) raised (5) arose 21. refuse/deny/reject/decline 單詞含義 用法deny 否認(某事的真實性)+n./代詞/動名詞/that從句拒絕給予某人想要的東西deny sb sth. refuse堅決地、不客氣地拒絕+n./代詞/不定式reject拒絕、駁回(正式、語氣更強)+n./代詞/動名詞decline婉言拒絕

21、、謝絕refuse politelyEg. She refuse to help me. He denied what he had done. Dont deny yourself pleasure. 不要有樂不享。 練習：Are you still mad at her? Not really, but I cant _ that her remarks hurt me. A. deny B. refuse C. reject D. declineShe _my invitation because of a previous appointment. A. refused B. decl

22、ined C. deny D. reject The soldiers were put into prison because they_to obey orders. A. rejected B. declined C. objected D. refused 22. desire/hope/want/wish 單詞含義 例句desire指由于愿望強烈而迫切希望、渴望I desire to see you. 我很想見到你。He desires success. 他渴望成功。 hope指希望某人有一個良好的結果，而且這種希望是可能得到滿足的I hope to be a doctor. I h

23、ope that she will recover soon. wish常表示難以實現的愿望，所以其后賓語從句要用虛擬語氣I wish to be a millionaire. I wish you to be happy. 我希望你幸福。I wish that I would fly to the moon one day. I wish you success. 祝你成功。搭配：desire to do sth. desire sth. hope to do sth. hope +that從句 wish to do sth. wish sb to do sth. wish that + 虛

24、擬語氣 wish sb sth. (跟雙賓語)23. hurt, wound, injure 單詞含義 例句hurt使人的肉體受傷而疼痛，或傷了人的自尊心或感情。Mary hurt herself when she fell over.Thatll hurt her feeling.harm對身體或精神上的傷害，常指傷害人的肉體、身心健康、事業等。Overdrinking will harm your stomach. Those fairy tales wont harm our students. wound一般指嚴重的外傷，主要指在戰場上受傷，作vt.，賓語是人，而不是受傷部位。He g

25、ot wounded in the war. The bullet wounded him in the shoulder.injure一般指由于意外或事故造成損傷。Tom injured his leg in a skating accident.注意：wound n. 創傷；傷口 v.傷，傷害 wounded adj. 負傷的，受了傷（害）的injured adj. 受傷的，受損害的 常見名詞辨析：1.標記：sign, signal, symbol, mark單詞含義 例句sign符號、招牌、征兆，代表固定意義的符號或標記Raising a finger to the lips is a

26、sign for silence.signal信號，被用作交通、通訊的指示或傳遞消息的一種手勢或聲音、光等The traffic signal turns to green. symbol記號或象征，尤其指用有形實物代表抽象的實體What is the chemical symbol for copper?mark斑點、標記、刻度,為某一特定目的 而做的標記或有意無意留下的痕跡a burn/scratch mark道路，入口：way, means, method, manner, approach單詞含義 例句way方式，方法(普通用詞)Ill answer your question in

27、another way.means 實現目的的任何手段，或使用交通工具的方式。The money wasnt earned by honest means. method指有條理的，系統的辦法，特別指新的辦法。Have you tried the new method? the proper method of brushing teeth manner 特殊的或怪異的方式、方法Why are you talking in such a strange manner?approach解決一特定問題的方法，尤其是經過深思熟慮的方法I dont like her approach to the p

28、roblem. 搭配：way to do/of doing，前面接in(He did this in this way. )method of，前面接with(He earns money with the method of stealing money.)by means of(He went to school by means of taking a bus.)approach ton. /doing(the approach to the question)access(接近或進入某地的)方法、通道Theonlyaccesstothefarmhouseisacrossthefield

29、.(使用某物或接近某人的)機會或權利Studentsmusthaveaccesstogoodlibraryapproach接近，靠近When I approached, they grew silent.解決一特定問題的方法，尤其是經過深思熟慮的方法Haveyoufoundacorrectapproachtothesubject？3. 習慣: tradition, habit, custom, practice單詞含義 例句tradition傳統，長時間形成并能傳遞給下一代的習慣cultural tradition 文化傳統habit個人長期養成的生活習慣或癖好He has a bad hab

30、it of smoking.custom風俗習慣，一批人按照一定規律做的事情。It is the custom in China to eat dumplings during the Spring Festival. practice慣例，醫生律師等職業人員的從業習慣Its his practice to read a book every week.事情，事件：affair, accident, incident, event 單詞含義 例句event重大事件或活動affair外交事件或公眾關注的事件matter“事情”，普通用語，日常事務incident政治事件或發生令人討厭的不尋常的事

31、accident意外的事5. 風景，景色: view, scene, scenery, sight單詞含義 例句scene情景、場面等，指某處小范圍的景色, 大多包括景物中的人及活動，為可數名詞scenery景色、風景(是總稱)，為不可數名詞view指以一定的角度(從遠處或高處)所看到的景色，還有觀點、看法的意思sight眼睛所看到的美麗風景或悲慘景象，其復數sights表示名勝古跡，人文景觀等6. 位置, 條件: situation, position, condition單詞含義 例句situation側重形式和環境in a dangerous situationposition側重方位和

32、位置; 處境take up a position in the unioncondition條件necessary conditionSituation: The combination of circumstances at a given moment; a state of affairs.Position: A place or location; Social standing or status; rank. Condition: A restricting or modifying factor.7. 薪水，收入: salary, pay, wage, income單詞含義 例句

33、salary按月發的薪水，領取薪水者通常是經過培訓而具有特殊技能或專門知識的人。可數或不可數The lawyer was paid a huge salary.pay因某項工作而獲得的報酬，為不可數Your thanks are pay enough.wage一般指按星期甚至按天發的工資，領取工資者通常是做體力勞動的人。The low wage had warmed the worker to strike.income(定期)收入，所得(報酬)，投資的收益。Tourism is a major source of income for the country.salary: money th

34、at employees receive for doing their job, especially professional employees or people working in an office, usually paid every month.pay: the money that sb. gets for doing regular work.wage: a regular amount of money that you earn, usually every week, for work or services.income: the money that a pe

35、rson, a region, a country, etc. earns from work, from investing money from business.8. 傷害: hurt, wound, injury單詞含義 例句hurt可指精神上或肉體上的傷害,疼痛You hurt my feelings.wound刀槍所傷，或特指戰場上受的傷The soldier got a wound in a battle.injury意外(火災,車禍)中受傷； 精神或財產的損害；強 調身體功能的缺失。back injury9. result/consequence/effect/outcome單

36、詞含義 例句result普通用語，指直接或間接、近因或 遠因所引起的結果The students are anxious to know the result of the entrance examination. consequence指自然而然的或當然的結果If you behave so foolishly, be ready to bear the consequence. effect嚴格強調因果關系，指和cause直接相對應的結果They are invesgating the cause of the accident. outcome強調事件的特有的結局，表示終的結果The

37、outcome of the election was in doubt then. 10. jewel和jewelery(jewellery)單詞含義例句 jewel“珠寶，首飾”，為可數名詞, jewels為其復數。I wondered where he got all those jewels. He must have knocked them over.jewelery(jewellery)“珠寶”的總稱，不能變復數。Jane always love beautiful clothes and jewelery but in fact she is big hat, no cattl

38、e.11. power/energy/force/strength單詞含義 power權力、職權，人工開發出的動力，如“電 源、電力”等energy物理學上的“熱量、能量”; 自然界的 “能源”，人的“精力”force物理學中的“力”；也指“武力、暴力”strength體力，是內部的能力，是在身體內存在的 體力；還有“優勢，長處”之意12. state/situation/circumstance單詞含義 state“情況、狀態”， 其存在形式并不是具體事物。普通用語situation指危急或重大的事態，側重 “事態”。circumstance指某種事件或動作發生時的情 況，一般都用復數形式。

39、常見形容詞辨析：1. common/general/normal/ordinary/usual單詞含義 例句common共同的, 常見的 反義：rarecommon sense(常識)ordinary普通的, 平凡的 反義：superioran ordinary looking personusual通常的, 習慣的 反義：unusualHe arrived later than usual.normal正常的，常規的 反義：abnormalnormal temperaturegeneral總體上的 反義：specificthe general idea2. lonely/alone單詞含義

40、例句lonely強調主觀上的“孤獨感” I am alone, but I dont feel lonely. alone強調客觀上的“一個人”3. 值: worth, worthy, worthwhile單詞含義 例句worthbe worth + n. be worth doingThe book is worth 180 yuan. The novel is worth reading a second time.worthybe worthy of sth. be worthy of being done be worthy to be doneIt is worthy of our efforts. The novel is worthy to be read a second time.= The novel is worthy