1、Lesson2動詞的語態重難點分析在英語中，被動語態使用得比漢語要多、要普遍，但大多數句子都使用主動語態。被動語 態在英語中極為重要。高考中通常把時態和語態結合起來考查。動詞的語態有兩種：主動語態(the active voice)和被動語態(the passive voice)。主動語態表示 主語是動作的執行者，被動語態表示主語是動作的承受者。如：People speak English all over the world.全世界的人都在講英語。(the active voice)English is spoken by people all over the world, (the pa

2、ssive voice)一、動詞的被動語態構成一覽表(以ask為例)常用被動語態構成常用被動語態構成一般現在時am/is/are asked現在完成時have/has been asked一般過去時was/were asked過去完成時had been asked一般將來時will/shall be asked過去將來時would/should be asked現在進行時am/is/are being asked過去將來完成時would/should have beenasked過去進行時was/were being asked含有情態動詞can/must/may.be asked被動語態的否

3、認式是在第一個助動詞或情態動詞后面加not：短語動詞的被動語態不可漏掉 其中的介、副詞。固定結構be going to, used to, have to, had better變為被動語態時，只需將 其后的動詞變為被動語態。如：We are not allowed to smoke.不允許我們抽煙。/ He is often made fun of by his classmates.他經常被他的同班同學捉弄。/ Newspaper used to be sent here at 10 a.m.過去報紙常常是上午10點被送到的。據說類動詞，如：It is said/bclicvcd/supp

4、oscd/rcportcd that., It is generally considered that., It is well known thal等，及 It must be adinilted/pointed out that等結構常以被動形式出現。注意事項以下主動形式常表被動意義：The bike needs/wants/requires repairing.這輛自行車需要修理。 /The film is worth seeing.這部電影值得看。/The door wont shut/open.這門不能關/開。/The play wont act.這部戲不能演。/ The clot

5、hes wash well.這些衣服很好洗。/ The book sells well.這本書很暢銷。/ The dish tastes delicious.這份菜嘗起來很美味。/ Waler feels very cold. 水摸上去很冷。不及物動詞或動詞短語無被動語態（即多數的瞬間動詞）：appear, die, disappear, end, fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand, break out, come （rue, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place

6、 等不能用于被動語態的及物動詞或動詞短語：fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch, agree with, arrive at/in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to 等系動詞無被動語態（keep”除外）:be, appear, become, fall, feel, get, grow, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste,

7、 turn 等二、被動語態和系表結構的區別.被動語態表示以主語為承受者的動作，而系表結構表示主語的特點或所處的狀態。如：The cup was broken by a boy.這個杯子是被一個男孩打破的。（被動語態）The cup is broken.這杯子是破的。（系表結構）.前者可有多種時態，而后者通常只有一般現在時和一般過去時。如：My bike is being / will be / was repaired.（被動語態）我的自行車正在被修理/將被修理/被修 理過了。He is/was interested in his work.（系表結構）他對他的工作感興趣。.被動語態可跟by短

8、語，表動作的執行者。如：The dress was made by my mother.這件衣服是我媽媽做的。考點練透一、單句填空用括號中所給動詞或動詞短語的適當形式填空。When money(spend), we can earn i( back, but when time is lost, it will never return.Customers are asked to make sure that they(give) the right change before leaving the shop.Great changes(take place) in the city, a

9、nd a lot of factories(set up).The police found that the house(break into) and a lot of things(steal).The discussion(come) alive when an interesting topic was brought in.The head teacher says that all the preparations for the party(complete) by Friday.The wet weather will continue tomorrow when a col

10、d frost(expect) to arrive.The careless driver is(blame) for (he traffic accident that(happen) yesterday.Flowers usually(sell) well on Valentines Day, so their Howers(sell) in no time that day.1 want to buy that kind of cloth because I(tell) the cloth(wash) well.Leonardo da Vinci (14521519)(say) to h

11、ave bought birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free. Have you handed in your schoolwork yet?一Yes, I have. I guess it(grade) now.If Newton lived today, he would be surprised by what(discover) in science and technology.The work needs(complete) by 6 p.m.The number of death

12、s from heart disease(reduce) greatly if people arc persuaded to eat more vegetables.We should get into the good habit of saving time and never leave what can(do) today until tomorrow.I hold the belief that more measures will(take) to prevent loss of soil along the Yellow River.In recent years, more

13、and more highways and overpasses (build up) in Guangzhou.Many man-made satellites(send up) into space so far by many countries.Many more trees(plant) next year.二、語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。There is no doubt that the job interview is an important part of job hunting, as the impression you cr

14、eate during the job interview can make the inten-iewer 能el “with you or “against you”. The job interview is the time to sell by giving examples of experiences you have had related to the job and 2 revealing (展現)your good point. In order to make 3 solid impression with success, you had better keep th

15、e following two rules in mind:One is to present yourself and your 4 (able) to do the job. However, dont exaggerate the truth; just be honest. Second, do more listening (han talking. Listen carefully and get involved in _5 the interviewer is saying. A good 6 (listen) is often a considerate person and

16、 7 (appreciate) by everyone staying with you.8 it is important to talk about your successful experiences, dont conic on too strong and sound like a boaster (吹噓者).9 you are not sure what the job will require of you, ask questionsto see whether you do feel qualified. Most interviewers will appreciate

17、your questions _ 1(L your ability to listen and respond.助讀詞匯interviewer n.面試官interviewer n.面試官solid adj.可靠的present vl.呈現；介紹exaggerate vt.夸大considerate adj.體貝占的considerate adj.體貝占的qualified adj.合格的appreciate vt.欣賞appreciate vt.欣賞job hunting 求職related to 與有關related to 與有關keep.in mind 記住get involved in

18、 參與There is no doubt that.亳無疑問三、佳作欣賞下面是一篇摘自全國英語高考書面表達的范文，文中有許多精彩且靈活的語 言表達，其中也包含有動詞或動詞短語，用心體會其用法。No doubt every -rade three student wishes to be successful in the National College Entrance Examination. Yet what should we do in order to achieve success? Here are some su/westisns.First, its very important to have a right attitude,