1、湖南大學土木工程學院2016屆建筑工程專業畢業設計摘 要設計概況設計題目為飛豹辦公大樓，坐落在長沙市岳麓區，是由中建八局集團投資開發的能夠滿足小型公司的辦公要求，適應城市商業區的商務需求，同時也有利于改善和豐富街景。本設計一共分三個大部分：建筑設計、結構設計和施工設計。建筑設計本工程主體結構為鋼筋混凝土框架結構，總建筑面積11239.26m2，主體房屋長56m，寬度為18m；房屋主體高度為36.9m。-1層層高為3.6m，1層層高為3.6m，2層10層層高為3.3m。本辦公樓樓屬于二類建筑，設計使用年限50年，抗震設防烈度為7度，防火等級為二級，屋面防水采用二級防水。氣象條件：溫度：最熱月平均

2、29.3度，最冷月平均4.7度，夏季極端最高溫度40.6度，冬季極端最低溫度-5.3度。相對濕度：最熱月平均75%。平面布置：設計以“適用、經濟和美觀”為原則。做到了房間面積合適、空間關系協調、環境條件良好，同時結構、構造和施工簡單、合理且方便。建筑裝修：為保證與周圍建筑群的和諧一致，滿足城市統一規劃要求，本建筑外墻采用白色面磚裝飾；樓地面裝修：辦公室、會客廳等采用瓷磚地面；內墻面裝飾以粉刷乳膠漆為主；防水層采用改性瀝青防水卷材。建筑布局重點解決建筑物內部各種使用功能和使用空間的合理安排，建筑物與周圍環境、與各層外部條件的協調配合，建筑與結構、建筑與各種設備等相關技術的綜合協調，實現預定功能。

3、建筑方案偏重于結構合理方便設計，外觀中規中矩，簡單卻適用。結構設計工程地質條件：自然地表1m內為素填土，素填土下層為1.5m厚的砂性土，再往下為2.5m厚全風化砂礫層，全風化砂礫層地基承載力特征值為140-180kPa，再往下為3.0m厚強風化砂礫層，強風化砂礫層地基承載力特征值為400kPa。地下水位：地表以下2.7m，無侵蝕性。設計荷載：基本風壓：0.35kN/m2； 基本雪壓：0.45kN/m2；屋面活載：2.0kN/m2；樓面活載：根據不同的房間分別取值，具體見結構設計計算書。材料：主要使用C40等級混凝土，HRB400級受力鋼筋和HPB300級箍筋，地上各層墻體采用混凝土小型空心砌塊

4、。本工程采用柱下獨立基礎，室內外高差為0.45m。本工程結構形式選用鋼筋混凝土框架結構，根據建筑抗震設計規范 (GB50011-2010)可知，本結構屬于二級抗震。主要構件截面尺寸：柱：800mm800mm；框架梁：300mm700mm；次梁：300mm600mm、300mm550mm、300mm500mm，沿縱、橫向布置；屋面板和樓板的厚度分別均為120mm。本工程參考最新混凝土結構設計規范（2010版）及其他相關最新規范進行設計。結構設計過程涉及以下內容：對結構進行荷載計算、地震和風荷載計算并繪出受荷總圖。用迭代法進行豎向荷載作用下的內力計算；采用D值法進行水平地震作用下的框架內力計算；風

5、荷載作用下的內力計算；分別進行地震和風荷載作用下的位移驗算。分別進行考慮地震作用與不考慮地震作用的內力最不利組合；進行底層、頂層和至少一個標準層梁、柱的配筋計算、并應滿足抗震構造要求；裂縫寬度驗算；選1個邊柱和1個中柱基礎，確定其尺寸，進行地基承載能力驗算；基礎配筋計算；采用PKPM進行計算；將某一種荷載作用下的電算結果打印出來后，對該種荷載作用下的電算結果與手算結果進行對比分析。參考建筑結構制圖標準，繪制基礎平面布置圖、標準層結構布置圖、屋頂結構布置圖、一榀框架的模板配筋圖。結構設計主要采用天正結構、AUTOCAD、PKPM等軟件作圖。在設計中對迭代法應用OFFICE軟件中的EXCEL進行重

6、復迭代計算和繪圖，使用BetterWMF等對CAD圖復制拷貝，EXCEL中的計算表格轉換成圖片后粘貼到word文檔里面形成計算書。同時，在內力組合和截面設計方面都借助了EXCEL表格的強大數據處理功能。本工程設計采用底部剪力法進行地震作用下的內力計算，底部剪力法適用于質量和剛度沿高度分布比較均勻、高度不超過40m、以剪切變形為主的結構，振動時有水平位移以基本振型為主且基本振型接近直線的特點。施工組織設計 本工程的施工設計主要分為施工方案設計，工程量計算和工期計算，以及施工總平面圖，施工進度計劃網絡圖和施工進度計劃橫道圖等方面的內容。設計主要參考建設工程工程量清單計價規范(GB50500-200

7、8)、建筑工程施工質量驗收統一標準(GB50300-2001)等方面的規范和標準。施工方案階段設計主要考慮施工的順序問題，必須結合實際工程，合理安排各施工過程的時間，科學合理的組織工人和機械，這就必須運用施工組織設計，利用流水施工作業，達到節省工程開銷的目的。施工順序依次遵循“先地下，后地上；先框架，后砌體；先結構，后裝飾；最后做室外工程”的施工順序，充分利用平面、空間和時間，組織立體交叉作業，為及早插入裝飾和各專業施工創造條件，做到科學管理、均衡施工。本工程施工設計中施工方案的設計主要涉及測量定位放線、土方工程、模板工程、鋼筋工程、混凝土工程、砌體工程、防水工程、水電安裝工程、腳手架工程和裝

8、飾裝修工程等。同時由于本工程主樓工期為358天，工期較長，需要考慮可能出現的特殊季節施工，如冬季施工和雨季施工。施工設計出于簡單方便的原則，在工程量計算和工期計算方面僅考慮主要項目，而忽略次要項目。畢業設計成果1.建筑平面圖（-1層，1層，210層，屋頂層）2.立面圖（正立面、左側立面）3.剖面圖及構造詳圖4.基礎平面布置圖及基礎詳圖5.結構平面布置圖（1層，210層，屋頂層）6.一榀框架的模板配筋圖7.施工總平面布置圖8.施工進度計劃圖（橫道圖及網絡圖）9.建筑設計說明書、結構設計說明書、結構計算書及施工計算書10.中英文摘要設計參考相關規范混凝土結構設計規范(GB50010-2010)建筑

9、結構荷載規范(GB50009-2010)建筑抗震設計規范(GB50011-2010)建筑地基基礎設計規范(GB50007-2011)高層建筑混凝土結構技術規程(JGJ3-2010)混凝土結構工程施工質量驗收規范(GB50204-2011)建設工程施工項目管理規范(GB50326-2006)建筑工程施工質量驗收統一標準(GB50300-2001)高層民用建筑設計防火規范（GB 50045-95）建筑結構制圖標準（GB/T 50105-2010）中南地區工程建設標準設計建筑圖集相關現行建筑施工規范關鍵詞：高層公寓式寫字樓，建筑設計，結構設計，施工設計ABSTRACTProject Overview

10、 The building is named Fly Leopard high-rise office building ,located in the city of Chang Sha, Hunan province.The building will satisfied many small companies with office and accommodation.Meanwhile,it will adjust downtown business needs and help to improve and enrich the street.This design points

11、three parts in total: architectural design, structural design and construction design.Architectural DesignThe main structure of the building is reinforced concrete frame structure .The total area of this project is 11239.26m2 .The building, with ten stories overground and one story underground, the

12、dimension of which is 56m 18m , and its total height is 36.9m . Among these ten stories, the height of the basement is 3.6m，and the first floor is 3.6m , the height of other stories is 3.3m.This buildings design use fixed number of year is 50 years,belongs to class two.Earthquake-resistant intensity

13、 of the construction is 7 degree. Fire-resistance rate of the building is the second grade.Waterproof is the second grade.Meteorological condition:Temperature: The average temperature of the hottest month is 29.3, The average temperature of the coldest month is 4.7. the summer extreme maximum temper

14、ature is 40.6, the winter extreme minimum temperature is -5.3.Relative humidity: The average relative humidity of the hottest month is 75%.The structure design uses applicable, economical and beautiful for the principle. It is realized that the room area is proper, spatial relation is harmonious , a

15、nd environment condition is good, at the same time,structure, constitution and construction are simple, reasonable.Architectural Decoration:Considering the harmony between this high-rise apartment building and the other ones around, and in order to meet the planning requirement of the city, we adopt

16、 white brick for the surface of the exterior wall.The surface of the floor is made of ceramic tile also in office room and the reception room. The surface of the internal wall is mainly brushed emulsion paint .Waterproof-layer consists of modified bitumen membrane.Architectural layout focuses mainly

17、 on all sorts of use functions and the reasonable arrangement of the space, and the coordination among the building, surrounding environment and the external conditions. building and structure, construction and comprehensive coordination of various equipment and related technology, fulfilling predef

18、ined functions.The plan is focus on convenient and reasonable structure design, appearance simple but applicable.Structural DesignEngineering geological condition:Natural surfaces is filling within 1 meter, and under the filling is 1.5 meters thick sandy soil , and under the sandy soil is 2.5 meters

19、 thick weathered sand gravel layer , the characteristic value of foundation bearing capacity of which is 140-180kPa , and under the weathered sand gravel layer is 3.0 meters thick strong weathering sand gravel layer ,the characteristic value of foundation bearing capacity of which is 400kPa. The bas

20、ic wind pressure is . Basic snow pressure and . Materials mainly use C40 concrete grade, grade HRB400 reinforced rebar and HPB300 level rebar for stirrup, ther wall use concrete small hollow block. The foundation of the building uses independent footing. The elevation difference between the interior

21、 level and exterior level is 0.45m .The structure system of this building is reinforced concrete frame structure. According to Code for Seismic Design of Buildings(GB50011-2010), the grade of the earthquake resistant for the frame structure is the second grade.Cross section size of the elements: Col

22、umn, 800mm800mm; Frame beam, 300mm700mm; Secondary beam,300mm600mm, 300mm550m,300mm500mm, along the longitudinal and horizontal layout. The thicknesses of the roof panel and the floor panel is 120mm. the walls are made of standard brick.This building refers the latest specification Concrete Structur

23、e Design Code (2010 edition) and other related to latest specification. Structure design process involves the following content: the structure of the load calculation, earthquake and wind load calculation and draw the assembly drawing. Using iterative method to carry on the internal force under the

24、vertical load calculation; Using the D value method to work out the frame internal force under horizontal seismic action; Calculation of wind load under the action of internal force; Calculation of the displacements under earthquake and wind load separately. Respectively searching the effect of inte

25、rnal force of the most unfavorable combination considering earthquake action and not considering earthquake action;calculation of the reinforcement for beams and columns on the bottom and the top and at least one standard,and shall meet the requirements of earthquake-resistant structure; Crack width

26、 calculation; Choosing a side column and a center column foundation, to determine their sizes,and to check the foundation bearing capacity; Foundation reinforcement calculation; Using PKPM to calculate; Contrast analysis for the computing results and hand calculated results under a certain kind of l

27、oad by printing out the available results under the same load condition. Referring Structure Drawing Standards to draw basic layout, standard layer structure arrangement, roof structure layout, and the cross template reinforcement figure for a common framework .This structure design mainly adopts so

28、ftware such as Tian Zheng structure, AUTOCAD, PKPM. During the design the function of EXCEL in OFFICE software is used for iterative method to make double counting and drawing, besides BetterWMF is used to duplicately copy figures on CAD, and the EXCEL computation sheets can be pasted into a word do

29、cument by taking pictures function converts images.At the same time, in the aspect of internal force combination and cross section design the powerful data processing function of EXCEL spreadsheets is used.This library design uses the bottom shear method to calculate internal force under the action

30、of earthquake. Here the bottom shear method is suitable for structures whose mass and stiffness along the height distribution is evener, height is not more than 40m, and deformation mainly in shear form.And such structures vibrate with horizontal displacement given priority to with basic modes and t

31、he characteristics of the basic mode close to linear.Construction designThe building construction design is mainly divided into construction scheme design, calculation of quantities and schedule calculation, and construction plan construction schedule planning network diagram and construction schedu

32、le plan figure etc. This design mainly refers to Construction Project Quantities List Valuation Specification (GB50500-2008), the Architectural Engineering Construction Quality Acceptance Standard (GB50300-2001), and other aspects of the norms and standards.Construction design stage mainly considera

33、te the construction sequence, which must be combined with the actual project. And it need reasonable arrangement of the construction process, scientific and reasonable organization workers and machinery, which must use the construction organization design, use flowing water construction, to achieve

34、the purpose of saving engineering cost. Construction sequence should follow the underground first, after the ground; the framework first, after the masonry;structure first, after the decoration, and after finally do outdoor project construction sequence, make full use of the plane, space and time, o

35、rganize stereo crossover operation, create conditions for early insert decoration and various professional construction, make scientific management and balanced construction.The construction plan design in this library construction design is mainly involved in measurement positioning pay-off, earthw

36、ork engineering, template engineering, reinforcing bar engineering, concrete engineering, masonry engineering, waterproofing engineering,water and electricity installation engineering, scaffolding engineering and decoration engineering, etc. At the same time, due to that the building for the constru

37、ction period is 385 days, which is a little longer, there is a need to consider possible special seasonal construction, such as the construction in winter or the construction in rainy season.For the principle of easy and convenient, the design of this library construction design only consider major

38、projects, and ignore the secondary project in the calculation of quantities and schedule calculations .Results of the graduation design1. The floor plan (the underground layer, the first layer, 2-10 layer, roof)2. Elevation (front elevation,back elevation,left side of the facade)3. Profiles and the detail of wall construction 4. Layout and detail of foundation5. Struc