1、 小芳 村里有個姑娘叫小芳 長得好看又善良 一雙美麗的大眼睛 辮子粗又長 在回城之前的那個晚上 你和我來到小河旁 There is a beautiful and kind girl named Xiaofang in the village. has a pair of beautiful big eyes and long thick hair.ShewhoI like the baby.The baby is reading.I like the baby who/that is reading .I like the baby.The baby is listening to musi

2、c.I like the baby who/that is listening to music .I like the baby.The babys eyes are big.I like the baby whose eyes are big.第第1313講：定語從句講：定語從句定語從句定語從句: 在復合句中在復合句中, 修飾某一修飾某一 或或 的從句叫定語從句的從句叫定語從句. 被定語從句所修飾的名詞或被定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞叫做代詞叫做 “ ”. 引導定語從句的詞叫引導定語從句的詞叫“ ” 名詞名詞代詞代詞先行詞先行詞關系詞關系詞基礎知識基礎知識 I like the baby w

3、ho/that is reading .先行詞關系詞定定語語從從句句The Restrictive Attributive Clause 限制性定語從句限制性定語從句The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句基礎知識基礎知識 The accident happened at theThe accident happened at the time when I left. time when I left.His mother, whom he loved deeply, His mother, whom he loved d

4、eeply, died ten years ago.died ten years ago. 限制性定語從句限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句定定語語從從句句對先行詞起限定作用對先行詞起限定作用,與先與先行詞關系十分密切。行詞關系十分密切。不用逗號隔開不用逗號隔開,也不能省略也不能省略,否則句意就不完整。否則句意就不完整。非非限限制制性性定定從從限限制制性性定定從從只是對先行詞做補充說明只是對先行詞做補充說明,與先行詞與先行詞的關系也比較松散。的關系也比較松散。常用逗號與主句隔開，如果省略常用逗號與主句隔開，如果省略,原原句意義仍然完整。句意義仍然完整。引導定語從句的關系詞引導定語從

5、句的關系詞指代人指代人 指代事物指代事物 所屬關系所屬關系 指地點指地點 指時間指時間 指原因指原因 who, whom, thatwhich, that, aswhose, of which/whomwherewhenwhy關關系系代代詞詞關關系系副副詞詞注：關系詞在定語從句中作賓語時，通常可以省略注：關系詞在定語從句中作賓語時，通常可以省略。1.that與與which2.關系副詞的用法關系副詞的用法3.介詞介詞+關系詞關系詞4.關系詞關系詞as的用法的用法5.定從與其他復合句的區分定從與其他復合句的區分6.綜合考查綜合考查考點考點難難點點.考點一、考點一、that or which?1.T

6、his is all_ I know about the matter. A. that B. what C. who D. whether2.Is there anything else_ you require? A. which B. that C. who D. what3.The last place _we visited was the Great Wall. A. which B. that C. where D. itA B BChoose the correct answers: 4.This is one of the best books_. A. that have

7、ever been written B. which have ever been written C. that has written D. that have written 5. The scientist and his achievements _you told me about are admired by us all. A. which B. that C. who D. whose 6 .Which of the books _ were borrowed from him is the best? A. which B. what C. that D. whoseACB

8、 先行詞是先行詞是all, everything, nothing, anything, little, much等不定代詞時等不定代詞時; 先行詞被先行詞被all, any, every, no, some, little, much等詞修飾時等詞修飾時; 先行詞被序數詞或形容詞最高級修飾時先行詞被序數詞或形容詞最高級修飾時; 先行詞被先行詞被the only, the very(正是正是,恰是恰是), the last 修飾時修飾時 ; 當先行詞既有人又有物當先行詞既有人又有物,定語從句用定語從句用that 引導引導 (that既可指人也可指物既可指人也可指物)若主句中有疑問代詞若主句中有

9、疑問代詞who, which時，為了避免重復時，為了避免重復, 關系代詞不再用關系代詞不再用who,which.- 結論結論1: 先行詞有下列情況時先行詞有下列情況時,通常通常用關系代詞用關系代詞 that： 1. I have lost my watch, _I like very much. 2. Taiwan is part of China, _ is known to all of us. 3.Can you lend me the book about _ you talked last night?whichwhichwhichChoosing : that or which?結

10、論結論 2. 引導非限定性定語從句時，用關系代引導非限定性定語從句時，用關系代詞詞which, 不用不用that, 且不省略。且不省略。介詞介詞+關系詞引導定語從句關系詞引導定語從句, 先行詞是物時，只先行詞是物時，只用用which，不用，不用that. 1.(2010 全國全國，16）I refuse to accept the blame for something_ was someone elses fault. A. who B. that C. as D. what高考真題鏈接高考真題鏈接 2.(2011 北京，北京，26）Mary was much kinder to Jack

11、than she was to the others , _, of course, made all the others upset. A. who B. which C. what D. that高考真題鏈接高考真題鏈接Tips: 注意插入語注意插入語.考點二、考點二、關系副詞的用法關系副詞的用法 關系副詞關系副詞when, where, why引導定語從句引導定語從句時，時， when在從句中充當時間狀語在從句中充當時間狀語, where在從句中充當地點狀語，在從句中充當地點狀語， why在從句中充當原因狀語，在從句中充當原因狀語， 介詞介詞which Do you still rem

12、ember the day _we joined the Party?= on whichwhenThis is the factory _ my father works?This is the factory _we visited last week?That is the reason _you are always late.That is the reason _he gave us. which/that/-which/that/-where/ in whichwhy/for whichBlank-filling :先行詞為先行詞為時間、地點、時間、地點、原因的名詞原因的名詞時時

13、關系詞在關系詞在定從中作定從中作狀語時狀語時關系詞在關系詞在定從中作定從中作主語或者主語或者賓語時賓語時=要點一：要點一：1 .A.Pisa is a city, _ has a leaning tower. B.Pisa is a city,_there is a leaning tower. a. which b. that c. where d. there2 .A.We still remembered the days _we travelled together. B.We still remembered the days _we spent together. a. when

14、b. which c. in that d. thereacabPRACTICE MAKES PERFECT1. Ive come to the point _ I cant stand him.2. The country is in the situation _a war will break out at any time.我已經到了無法容忍他的地步了。我已經到了無法容忍他的地步了。國家正處在隨時有可能爆發戰爭的局勢中。國家正處在隨時有可能爆發戰爭的局勢中。 要點二、某些特殊詞之后的要點二、某些特殊詞之后的where解析：某些抽象地點名詞如：解析：某些抽象地點名詞如：point, st

15、age, situation, case, condition, activity, celebration等做先行詞時，等做先行詞時，定語從句常用定語從句常用where 引導，表示抽象化的地點。引導，表示抽象化的地點。wherewhere 1.(2010福建，福建，24）Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet_ life has developed gradually. A. that B. where C. which D. whose高考真題鏈接高考真題鏈接 2. (2011天津，

16、天津，10）The days are gone _ physical strength was all you needed to make a living. A. when B. that C. where D. which高考真題鏈接高考真題鏈接 3. (2011山東，山東，32）The old town has narrow streets and small houses_ are built close to each other. A. they B. where C. what D. that高考真題鏈接高考真題鏈接 4. (2009浙江，浙江，14）I have reache

17、d a point in my life _I am supposed to make decisions of my own. A. which B. where C. how D. why高考真題鏈接高考真題鏈接.考點三、考點三、介詞介詞 +關系詞關系詞This is the machine on _ she spent 1000 dollars. Xiao Wang ,with _ I went to the concert, enjoy it very much.whichwhom 要點要點1： 緊跟介詞的關緊跟介詞的關系詞，引導定語從句時系詞，引導定語從句時, 指事物用指事物用whi

18、ch, 指人用指人用whom。用適當的關系詞填空：用適當的關系詞填空：1.Do you know who lives in the building_there is a well? A. in front of it B. in front of whoseC. in front of which D. in front of that2. Ill never forget the day _ I first met you.A. on which B. in which C. which D. at which3.The woman _my brother spoke just now i

19、s my teacher. A. who B. to whom C. to who D whomCABChoose the correct answers: 1 1）、看定語從句中動詞或者形容詞與介詞的習慣搭）、看定語從句中動詞或者形容詞與介詞的習慣搭配；配； - What were the things _ which he was not so sure? 2 2）、根據先行詞判斷，所用的介詞與先行詞的習慣）、根據先行詞判斷，所用的介詞與先行詞的習慣搭配；搭配； - The speed _ which you drive your car mustnt be too high. 3 3）、

20、可以通過句子的整體含義）、可以通過句子的整體含義, ,結合生活實際來判斷。結合生活實際來判斷。 - China has many rivers, _ which the Yangtze River is the longest. 要點要點2 2：介詞：介詞關系代詞引導的定語從關系代詞引導的定語從句中句中, , 介詞如何選擇介詞如何選擇aboutatof/among1. Jeanne was her old friend, _ she borrowed a necklace. A. from who B. from whom C. to that D. to whom2. His glasses

21、, _ he was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke its leg. A. which B. with which C. without which D. that3. She is a teacher of much knowledge, _much can be learned. A. who B. that C. from which D. from whomBCDPRACTICE MAKES PERFECT 1.(2010上海，上海，38）Wind power is an ancient source of energy

22、_ we may return in the near future. A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which高考真題鏈接高考真題鏈接 2.(2009全國，全國，28）She brought with her three friends, none of _ I had ever met before. A. them B. who C. whom D. that高考真題鏈接高考真題鏈接.考點四、考點四、關系詞關系詞 as 的用法的用法關系代詞關系代詞as既可以引導限制性定從，也可既可以引導限制性定從，也可以引導非限制性定從，常用于以

23、下情況以引導非限制性定從，常用于以下情況：1.先行詞有先行詞有so, such, the same修飾時，后修飾時，后面的定語從句常用面的定語從句常用as 引導，引導，as 在從句在從句中可充當主語，賓語，表語。中可充當主語，賓語，表語。 There is no such place _ you dream of in this world. 世界上絕沒有像你夢想的那樣的地方。世界上絕沒有像你夢想的那樣的地方。I have the same trouble _ you have. 我和你有同樣的麻煩。我和你有同樣的麻煩。asas2. 在非限制性定語從句中，在非限制性定語從句中，as常常 用于固

24、用于固定搭配。定搭配。 As is known to all/ As we all know 眾所周知眾所周知 As has been said/mentioned before 如前所述如前所述 As often happens/ As is often the case 正如經常發生的那樣正如經常發生的那樣在此用法中在此用法中, as所引導的定所引導的定語從句可放在主句的句首、語從句可放在主句的句首、 句中、句末。句中、句末。1._was natural, he married Jenny. A. Which B. That C. This D. As2.Such signs _ we u

25、se in the experiment_Greek letters. A. as , are B. as, is C. that, are D. that, is3.I passed him a large glass of whisky, _ he drank immediately . A. that B. as C. which D. whoDACChoose the correct answers:要點要點: 引導非限制性定語從句時，引導非限制性定語從句時，as 跟跟which的區別：的區別：asas“正如正如正像正像”句首，句首，句中，句中，句末句末若關系詞指若關系詞指代前面整句代

26、前面整句話，且位于話，且位于主句之后，主句之后，二者有時候二者有時候可以互換可以互換. .whichwhich“這這”“這件事這件事”句中，句中，句末句末1.It was raining, _was a pity. A. what B. that C. the which D. which2._has been said above, grammar is not a set of dead rules. A. Which B. What C. That D. As3.We do the same work _ they do. A. which B. as C. than D. like4.

27、The earth is round, _ is known to us all. A. that B. which C. who D. as DDBDPRACTICE MAKES PERFECT 1. _is generally the case, those who care for the weakest members of society are respected. A. Which B. That C. What D. As高考真題鏈接高考真題鏈接 2. Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt

28、 ,_is a stupid thing to do in such weather. A. this B. that C. what D. which 高考真題鏈接高考真題鏈接.考點五考點五：定語從句與其他定語從句與其他 復合句的區分復合句的區分1. 定語從句與同位語從句定語從句與同位語從句 We all have heard the news _our team won. We dont believe the news _he told us yesterday. thatthat/which 同位語從句，同位語從句，that從句表示的是從句表示的是news的內容，的內容，that 在從

29、句中不作任何成分。在從句中不作任何成分。 定語從句，定語從句，that引導的句子修飾前面的引導的句子修飾前面的news，that/which 在從句中充當賓語。在從句中充當賓語。 2. 定語從句與狀語從句定語從句與狀語從句 He left the key _ he had been an hour before. He left the place_ he lived for many years. wherewhere where引導的是狀語從句，表示地點；引導的是狀語從句，表示地點； 相當于相當于in the place where where 引導的是定語從句，修飾引導的是定語從句，修飾

30、the place，where在從句中做狀語。在從句中做狀語。 易混淆句型 He is such a good teacher_ all of us love and respect. He is such a good teacher_ we all like him. asthatas 引導的是限制性定語從句，引導的是限制性定語從句，as 在從句中充當賓語。在從句中充當賓語。that引導的是結果狀語從句引導的是結果狀語從句, 在句子中不作成分，在句子中不作成分，句型句型 suchthat 翻譯成翻譯成 “如此如此以致以致”3定語從句與主語從句定語從句與主語從句 _ is known to

31、us all, paper was first made in China. _is known to us all that paper was first made in China. AsIt as 引導非限制性定語從句，指代整個主句內容，引導非限制性定語從句，指代整個主句內容，可置于句首，句中，句末。可置于句首，句中，句末。 it 做形式主語，指代做形式主語，指代that 引導的主語從句引導的主語從句4定語從句與強調結構定語從句與強調結構 It is the house_ I met the young man. It was in the house_ I met the young man. wherethat (where 引導的是定語從句，修飾引導的是定語從句，修飾house，where在定語從句中作地點狀語在定語從句中作地點狀語) (本句為強調結構，去掉本句為強調結構，去掉it wasthat ,句子依然完整，句子依然完整，可還原為可還原為I met the young man in the house.) 1.A. The news _he told us was very exciting. B. He has brought us the