1、英語句子的種類英語句子的種類簡單句簡單句 (simple sentence)并列句并列句 (compound sentence)復合句復合句 (complex sentence)英語句子概論簡單句的五種簡單句的五種基本基本句型句型The weather is very cold.主語主語+謂語（連系動詞）謂語（連系動詞）+表語表語He laughed.主語主語+謂語（謂語（vi.）I like Chinese food.主語主語+謂語謂語(vt.)+賓語賓語She taught them physics.主語主語+謂語謂語(vt.)+間接賓語間接賓語+直接賓語直接賓語We must keep

2、the room warm. 主語主語+謂語謂語(vt.) +賓語賓語+賓語補足語賓語補足語 并列句并列句 把兩個或幾個簡單句用把兩個或幾個簡單句用并列連詞并列連詞連接起來。連接起來。 I turned on the TV. My sister and I watched it. I turned on the TV and my sister and I watched it. I bought my sister a present. She didnt like it. I bought my sister a present,but she didnt like it. 并列句并列句并

3、列句并列句常用并列連詞常用并列連詞: 平行平行并列連詞并列連詞: 轉折轉折并列連詞：并列連詞： 因果因果并列連詞并列連詞: 選擇選擇并列連詞并列連詞:and, bothand, not only but also, neithernorbut, however, while, yet, or,eitherorfor, so復合句復合句:主句主句+從句從句 名詞名詞性從句性從句 定語從句定語從句 狀語從句狀語從句1.The boy who is standing over there is Tom2.Because it is raining ,we have to stay at home 定

4、語從句定語從句 狀語從句狀語從句3.I know (that)he is from America(賓語從句）賓語從句）名詞名詞性從句性從句-Noun Clauses(名詞性從句名詞性從句)Subject Clause (主語從句主語從句)Appositive Clause（同位語從句）（同位語從句）Object Clause（賓語從句）（賓語從句）Predicative Clause（表語從句）（表語從句）名詞性從句在功能上相當于名詞名詞性從句在功能上相當于名詞, 在復合句在復合句中能擔任中能擔任主語、賓語、表語、同位語主語、賓語、表語、同位語等。等。主語主語 His job is impo

5、rtant.What he does is important.表語表語This is his job.This is what he does every day. 賓語賓語I dont like his job.I dont like what he does every day.同位語同位語I dont know about the man, Mr. White.I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher.Who will win the match is still unknown. I want to know what he ha

6、s told you. The fact is that we have lost the game. The news that we won the game is exciting. 主語從句主語從句賓語從句賓語從句表語從句表語從句 名詞性從句名詞性從句的作用相當于名詞，因此主語從的作用相當于名詞，因此主語從句、表語從句句、表語從句 、賓語從句和同位語從句分別作、賓語從句和同位語從句分別作主句的主語、表語、賓語和同位語。主句的主語、表語、賓語和同位語。同位語從句同位語從句賓語從句的定義賓語從句的定義置于置于動詞、介詞動詞、介詞等詞性后面起賓語作用的從句叫等詞性后面起賓語作用的從句叫賓語從

7、句。賓語從句。賓語從句的語序必須是賓語從句的語序必須是陳述語序陳述語序。謂語動詞、介。謂語動詞、介詞、動詞不定式，詞、動詞不定式，v.-ing形式后面都能帶賓語從形式后面都能帶賓語從句。句。有些形容詞（有些形容詞（afraid,sure,glad等）之后也可等）之后也可以帶賓語從句。以帶賓語從句。賓語從句中引導詞的用法賓語從句中引導詞的用法在復合句中作主句的賓語，在復合句中作主句的賓語，引導詞引導詞有：有：連詞：連詞：that (that 常可省略常可省略),whether, if代詞：代詞：who, whose, what ,which副詞：副詞：when ,where, how, why

8、等。等。 I know him . 2. I know who he is . 主語主語謂語謂語賓語賓語（簡單句）（簡單句）主語主語謂語謂語賓賓 語語 從從 句句連詞連詞 從句主語從句主語 從句謂語從句謂語 主主 句句（復合句）（復合句）賓語從句的概念：賓語從句的概念：賓語從句在復合句中作主句的賓語從句在復合句中作主句的賓語賓語。句子結構：句子結構：主句主句 + +連詞（引導詞）連詞（引導詞）+ + 賓語從句賓語從句引導詞種類引導詞種類I wonder who will teach us.Mr. Wang asked whose book that was.You can take whate

9、ver you like.引導詞種類He didnt tell me when we should meet again.Could you please tell me how you use the new panel?None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.引導詞種類I doubt if/ whether he is at home.We dont doubt that they can complete the task ahead of time.We are sure that he will be successf

10、ul soon.The old man didnt seem to be sure whether / if he had met me.一般情況下介詞后只能用一般情況下介詞后只能用wh-類連接詞引導的類連接詞引導的賓語從句。賓語從句。 I am surprised at what he said.介詞后如果接介詞后如果接that從句，要先加上從句，要先加上it, 再加再加that從句，即從句，即“介詞介詞+it+that”結構。結構。 You may depend on it that they will support you. (that不能省略不能省略)介詞介詞except, but,

11、 besides及及in后可接后可接that從句。從句。I know nothing about him except that he lives here. (that不能省略不能省略) 介詞介詞后賓語從句用后賓語從句用whether,不用不用if. whether 引導表語從句和同位語從句，而引導表語從句和同位語從句，而if則不能。則不能。 whether后可以加后可以加or not,但是但是if不可以不可以. 在不定式前只能用在不定式前只能用whether.（如：（如：I cant decide whether to stay. 我不能決定是否留下。）我不能決定是否留下。） discus

12、s后賓語從句用后賓語從句用whether不用不用if。He suggested that we (should) set about doing the work at once.I insist that she (should) do her work alone. The leader ordered that the army (should) set off at once. I dont know when he _ (come) . I cant wait here any more . When he _ (come) , would you please ask him to

13、 call me ?will comecomes8. 8. 連詞連詞+ +賓語從句賓語從句 連詞連詞+to do+to dovI dont know what I shall do next . I dont know what to do next .vShe didnt decide which one she would choose . She didnt decide which one to choose .vPlease tell me whom youll give the letter to . Please tell me whom to give the letter t

14、o .I hate it when they with their mouths full of food.我討厭他們滿嘴食物時說話.He will have it that our plan is really practical.他會認為我們的計劃確實可行.We take it that you will agree with us.我們認為你會同意我們的.When you start the engine, you must see to it that car is in neutral.開啟發動機時, 一定要使汽車的離合器處于空擋位置.I dont think he will com

15、e to my party. I dont believe that man is killed by Jim, is he?I believe (that) youve done your best and that things will improve.The teacher advised us that we should pay more attention to reading and writing.We all believed it true that Mr. Smith wasnt a thief.1. The shocking news made me realize

16、_ terrible problems we would face. A. what B. how C. that D. why2. Our teachers always tell us to believe in _ we do and who we are if we want to succeed. A. why B. how C. what D. which賓語從句專項練習題3. Weve offered her the job, but I dont know _ shell accept it. A. where B. what C. whether D. which4. Bef

17、ore the sales start, I make a list of _ my kids will need for the coming season. A. why B. what C. how D. which賓語從句專項練習題5. - I wonder _ youll water this kind of flower. - Every other day. A. how often B. how long C. how soon D. how much6. Men usually go straight to _ they want and leave quickly when shopping. A. what B. which C. where D. that賓語從句專項練習題7. We havent discussed yet _ we are going to place our new furniture. A. that B. which C. what D. where8. I want to be liked and loved for _ I am inside. A. who B. where C. what D. how賓語從句專項練習題9