1、2021/3/2612021/3/262強調(diào)句作用強調(diào)句作用 英文中常采用英文中常采用變換次序、加助動詞或變換次序、加助動詞或“It It is is .that.that”句型等方法來增強句子或句子中句型等方法來增強句子或句子中某些成分的語氣。某些成分的語氣。 翻譯翻譯時一般要把強調(diào)語氣適當用漢語表達時一般要把強調(diào)語氣適當用漢語表達出來出來, ,在在譯文譯文中可把中可把強調(diào)成分放在句首強調(diào)成分放在句首, ,也可也可以加上以加上“的確的確”“”“究竟究竟”“”“務必務必”“”“千千萬萬”“”“就是就是”“”“正是正是”等詞來增強強調(diào)語等詞來增強強調(diào)語氣。氣。2021/3/263強調(diào)句的分類強調(diào)

2、句的分類 1. 1. 用助動詞用助動詞“do/ does/ did+do/ does/ did+動詞原形動詞原形”表表強調(diào)強調(diào) 2. 2. 用用very, just, the only, at all very, just, the only, at all 等詞表強調(diào)等詞表強調(diào) 3.3.in the world, on earth, ever等等用于用于疑問詞疑問詞后表強調(diào)后表強調(diào) 4. 4. 用用感嘆詞感嘆詞表強調(diào)表強調(diào) 5. 5. 用用倒裝句倒裝句表強調(diào)表強調(diào) 6. 6. soso作作“確實確實”表強調(diào)表強調(diào)2021/3/2641. 1. 用助動詞用助動詞“do/ does/ did+d

3、o/ does/ did+動詞原形動詞原形”表強調(diào)表強調(diào)改錯改錯: He do work hard.doesI I dodo love you love you （我的確愛你）（我的確愛你）I I diddid love you love you（我的確曾經(jīng)愛過你）（我的確曾經(jīng)愛過你）He He doesdoes hate her ( hate her (他真的恨她他真的恨她) )X翻譯翻譯:動詞前加上助動詞動詞前加上助動詞“do”,譯成漢語時可以使用譯成漢語時可以使用 “的確的確”,“務必務必”,“確實確實”，“真的真的”,”一定一定” 等詞突出強調(diào)語氣等詞突出強調(diào)語氣。2021/3/265

4、2. 2. 用用very, just, the only, at all very, just, the only, at all 等詞表強調(diào)等詞表強調(diào)翻譯翻譯:譯成漢語時可以使用譯成漢語時可以使用 “的確的確”,“正是正是”,“只有只有”,“到底到底” 等詞突出強調(diào)語氣等詞突出強調(diào)語氣。2021/3/2663.3.in the world, on earth, ever等等用于疑問詞后表強調(diào)用于疑問詞后表強調(diào)翻譯翻譯:加在加在 what, where, who, why, how,等疑問詞以及某些否定詞和形容詞等疑問詞以及某些否定詞和形容詞最高級后面的最高級后面的 the devil ,th

5、e hell, on earth , in heaven, the dickens等詞組等詞組,可可譯成漢語譯成漢語“究竟究竟”“”“到底到底”“”“全然全然”“”“一點也一點也”“”“極極”等詞。等詞。2021/3/2674. 4. 用感嘆詞表強調(diào)用感嘆詞表強調(diào)2021/3/268 5. 5. 用倒裝句表強調(diào)用倒裝句表強調(diào) No sooner than一一.就就2021/3/2696. so6. so作作“確實確實”表強調(diào)表強調(diào), ,非倒裝非倒裝2021/3/2610v我們昨天在班會上選舉他為班長。我們昨天在班會上選舉他為班長。vWe elected him monitor at the c

6、lass meeting yesterdayv主主 賓賓 賓補賓補 地狀地狀 時狀時狀v強調(diào)句型是英語中的一種重要的句子結構強調(diào)句型是英語中的一種重要的句子結構,它可以強調(diào)它可以強調(diào)除謂語除謂語之外之外的其他成分的其他成分,是英語學習者必須掌握的一種重要句型。是英語學習者必須掌握的一種重要句型。強調(diào)句強調(diào)句2021/3/2611It is(was)+被強調(diào)部分被強調(diào)部分+that(who)+其余部分其余部分1.強調(diào)句可強調(diào)主語強調(diào)句可強調(diào)主語,賓語賓語,狀語等。狀語等。2.引導詞引導詞that/who/whom,3.be動詞動詞: is ,was2021/3/2612Pay attention

7、!7. 7. 用強調(diào)句型表強調(diào)用強調(diào)句型表強調(diào)強調(diào)句型強調(diào)句型被強調(diào)部分為主語時被強調(diào)部分為主語時,“被強調(diào)部分被強調(diào)部分”用用被強調(diào)部分為賓語時被強調(diào)部分為賓語時,“被強調(diào)部分被強調(diào)部分”用用2021/3/2613u被強調(diào)成分是作主語的代詞被強調(diào)成分是作主語的代詞, ,用主格用主格, ,是作是作賓語的代詞賓語的代詞, ,用賓格。用賓格。He helped me yesterday He helped me yesterday It was It was he he that helped me yesterday.that helped me yesterday.It was It was

8、meme that he helped yesterday. that he helped yesterday.u如果被強調(diào)的成分有同位語，同位語也應如果被強調(diào)的成分有同位語，同位語也應提前。提前。It was from himIt was from him，his Chinese teacherhis Chinese teacher，that Paul learned to watch carefully that Paul learned to watch carefully in classin class2021/3/2614Pay attention!2021/3/2615強調(diào)句其他

9、形式強調(diào)句其他形式2021/3/2616強調(diào)句型的一般疑問句強調(diào)句型的一般疑問句2021/3/2617一般疑問句的強調(diào)一般疑問句的強調(diào) IsWas it+被強調(diào)成分被強調(diào)成分+whothat（引導的陳引導的陳述句）述句）. ?（1）Did you meet your brother at the school gate? Was it your brother that you met at the school gate?(強調(diào)賓語強調(diào)賓語) （2）Does Tom walk to school every day ? Is it Tom who walks to school every

10、day?(強調(diào)強調(diào)主語主語)2021/3/2618特殊疑問句的強調(diào)特殊疑問句的強調(diào)特殊疑問詞特殊疑問詞+is+iswas it+thatwas it+that（引導的陳述句）（引導的陳述句）. ?. ?WhereWhere did you see her pen yesterday ? did you see her pen yesterday ? WhereWhere was itwas it thatthat you saw her pen yesterday? you saw her pen yesterday?（強調(diào)特殊疑問詞（強調(diào)特殊疑問詞wherewhere）2021/3/2619

11、區(qū)分強調(diào)句和定語從句區(qū)分強調(diào)句和定語從句如若如若還還能成完整的句子能成完整的句子, ,則為則為強調(diào)句強調(diào)句; ;如若如若不不能成完整的句子能成完整的句子, ,則為則為定語從句定語從句。2021/3/2620 強調(diào)句型和定語從句的結合強調(diào)句型和定語從句的結合句式特征為句式特征為: 在強調(diào)句型的被強調(diào)部分或其他部分中在強調(diào)句型的被強調(diào)部分或其他部分中找出一個先行詞找出一個先行詞,附上修飾該部分的定語從句附上修飾該部分的定語從句,這這樣整個句子結構就變得非常復雜。應特別注意樣整個句子結構就變得非常復雜。應特別注意不不要混淆定語從句要混淆定語從句的關系詞和強調(diào)句型中的的關系詞和強調(diào)句型中的that/w

12、ho部分。部分。意思判斷法意思判斷法:定語從句有定語從句有”的的”,而強調(diào)句沒有而強調(diào)句沒有“的的”。It was in the small house _was built with stones by his father _he spent his childhood. A. which; that B. that; where C. which; which D. that; which簡析簡析:本題含義為本題含義為“是在這間小房子里他度過了童年是在這間小房子里他度過了童年”,the small house作先行詞作先行詞,其后的定語從句缺做主語的關系代其后的定語從句缺做主語的關系代詞

13、詞;第二空所缺的應是強調(diào)句型中的結構詞第二空所缺的應是強調(diào)句型中的結構詞that, 故答案選故答案選A。再如。再如:2021/3/2621 It was playing computer games that cost the boy plenty of time that he ought to have spent doing his lessons.簡析簡析:劃線部分作定語從句修飾先行詞劃線部分作定語從句修飾先行詞time。本題中有兩個。本題中有兩個that,最大的誤會就是把二者弄混最大的誤會就是把二者弄混,第一個第一個that是強調(diào)句型中是強調(diào)句型中的的;第二個第二個that是關系代詞

14、引導定語從句的。因其作是關系代詞引導定語從句的。因其作spent的賓語的賓語,可以省去。可以省去。vIs _three hours _the boy _family is poor to come to school on foot?vA. it; that; whose B. it; that it takes; whosevC. it for; that it takes; whose D. it; when; that;v簡析簡析:本題結構復雜本題結構復雜,是定語從句、強調(diào)句型的一般問句形是定語從句、強調(diào)句型的一般問句形式和句式式和句式It takes sb some time to d

15、o sth.的糅合。我們也分幾的糅合。我們也分幾步來看這個句子步來看這個句子:v第一步第一步:基本句式基本句式It takes the boy three hours to come to school on foot.2021/3/2622第二步第二步:以以the boy為先行詞為先行詞,后面附上定語從句后面附上定語從句,則變?yōu)閯t變?yōu)?It takes the boy whose family is poor three hours to come to school on foot.第三步第三步:用強調(diào)句型對上句中的劃線部分進行強調(diào)用強調(diào)句型對上句中的劃線部分進行強調(diào),則變?yōu)椋簞t變?yōu)椋篒t

16、 is three hours that it takes the boy whose family is poor to come to school on foot.第四步：將上句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧浼词窃擃}，經(jīng)對比可知答第四步：將上句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧浼词窃擃}，經(jīng)對比可知答案應為案應為B。 It is in the room_ we will have a meeting. A. that B. which C. where D. there 去掉去掉It is that句子為句子為We will have a meeting in the room句子通順句子通順,意思完整意思完整,那么那么,這

17、就是一個強調(diào)句型這就是一個強調(diào)句型.。2021/3/2623強調(diào)句型中的強調(diào)句型中的bebe動詞和情態(tài)動詞的結動詞和情態(tài)動詞的結合合句式特征句式特征: : It may be+ It may be+ 被強調(diào)部分被強調(diào)部分+ that + that It must have been+ It must have been+被強調(diào)部分被強調(diào)部分+that +that Would/ Could it be + Would/ Could it be +被強調(diào)部分被強調(diào)部分+that+that? ? (1).It might have been John bought a new book for Ma

18、ry yesterday. A. what B. since C. that D. then (2)It may be next week _ she leaves for Tokyo.cthat 2.Could it be in the restaurant in _ you had dinner with me yesterday _ you lost your handbagA. that; which B. which; that C. where; that D. that; where 這是一個含有情態(tài)動詞的強調(diào)句型的一般疑問句形式這是一個含有情態(tài)動詞的強調(diào)句型的一般疑問句形式,第

19、一空格所在第一空格所在的句子成分應為定語從句的句子成分應為定語從句,結合介詞結合介詞in應用關系代詞應用關系代詞which;第二個空格所第二個空格所在部分應為強調(diào)句型中的在部分應為強調(diào)句型中的that分句。故答案為分句。故答案為BB2021/3/2624 使用本句型的幾個注意事項被強調(diào)成分是主語,whothat之后的謂語動詞應該在人稱和數(shù)上與原句中的主語保持一致。It is I who am rightIt is he who is wrongIt is the students that are lovely 被強調(diào)部分既包括人又包括物,用that不用wholt was the things

20、 and people that they remembered that they were talking about2021/3/2625 強調(diào)句型的反意疑問句形式強調(diào)句型的反意疑問句形式句式特征為句式特征為: :It is/was+It is/was+被強調(diào)部分被強調(diào)部分+that+that,isn,isnt / t / wasnwasnt it?t it?It was Alice and her boyfriend who sent the old It was Alice and her boyfriend who sent the old man to the hospital,

21、 _?man to the hospital, _?A. do they B. didnA. do they B. didnt they C. wasnt they C. wasnt it D. t it D. was itwas it 簡析簡析:答案答案C. C. 此種情況下疑問句中的主語應與強調(diào)句型此種情況下疑問句中的主語應與強調(diào)句型中的主語中的主語itit保持一致保持一致, ,不能和被強調(diào)部分中的名詞或代詞不能和被強調(diào)部分中的名詞或代詞保持一致保持一致, ,并要遵守并要遵守“前肯定后否定前肯定后否定”的原則。的原則。2021/3/2626 強調(diào)句型的感嘆句形式強調(diào)句型的感嘆句形式句式特征

22、為句式特征為:what/ how what/ how it is (that) + it is (that) +主語主語 + +謂語謂語! !（1）What a beautiful picture it is (that) you have drawn!（2）How beautiful it is (that) your daughter is!2021/3/2627強調(diào)時間狀語和地點狀語時與定語從句的區(qū)別強調(diào)時間狀語和地點狀語時與定語從句的區(qū)別:(1) It was in 1921 that our Party was founded.(強調(diào)句式強調(diào)句式)(2) It was 1921 wh

23、en our Party was founded.(定語從句定語從句)即即:強調(diào)時間或地點時有介詞置于其前時強調(diào)時間或地點時有介詞置于其前時,則連接詞用則連接詞用that。其前面應有介詞而被省去時其前面應有介詞而被省去時,則用連接詞則用連接詞when（時間）或（時間）或where(地點地點)。(3)It was on the farm that we practised planting crops.(4)It was the farm where we learned a lot .但是應注意但是應注意,有些表示時間或地點的詞匯及短語本身不需要有些表示時間或地點的詞匯及短語本身不需要在其前面

24、加介詞在其前面加介詞,故其連詞也只能是故其連詞也只能是that,而不是而不是when或或where。再如。再如:(5)It was yesterday that we chatted a lot on line.(6)It was there that Mike was drowned yesterday.2021/3/2628 主謂一致與比較結構主謂一致與比較結構1 1It was not luck but difficulties that It was not luck but difficulties that him him success. A. makes B. makesucc

25、ess. A. makes B. make2 2Personally I think it is the sales manager, Personally I think it is the sales manager, rather than the sales girls, who rather than the sales girls, who to blame. to blame. A. is B. are A. is B. are 句式結構為句式結構為: :It is/was notIt is/was notbutbutthatthat ; ; 不是不是而是而是（thatthat后

26、的后的動詞與動詞與 后的名詞或代詞保持一致）后的名詞或代詞保持一致）It is/was It is/was rather than rather than that that ; ;是是而不是而不是 ( that ( that后的動詞應與后的動詞應與rather than rather than 的名的名詞或代詞保持一致詞或代詞保持一致) )but前面前面2021/3/2629在強調(diào)句型中在強調(diào)句型中,有時也考察用有時也考察用rather than,not but等連等連接的平行對比結構接的平行對比結構,此時既要注重比較結構，又要注意主此時既要注重比較結構，又要注意主謂一致，屬于較復雜的句式。

27、謂一致，屬于較復雜的句式。句式特征為句式特征為:It is/was notbutthat ; 不是不是而是而是（that后的動詞與后的動詞與but后后的名詞或代詞保持一致）的名詞或代詞保持一致）It is /was not that ; 或者或者:It is/wasthat not ; 是是而不是而不是（that后的動詞應與后的動詞應與not前前的名詞或代詞保持一致）的名詞或代詞保持一致）It is/was rather than that ;是是而不是而不是 ( that后后的動詞應與的動詞應與rather than前前的名詞或代詞保持一致的名詞或代詞保持一致)2021/3/2630vIt

28、is not help but obstacles that make a man.v簡析簡析:本句譯為本句譯為“使人成才的使人成才的,不是助力不是助力,而是阻而是阻力力”。注意。注意obstacles和和make形成主謂一致關系。形成主謂一致關系。vPersonally I think it is the sales manager, rather than the sales girls, _ to blame.vA. is B. that is C. are D. who arev簡析簡析:此句被強調(diào)部分中的此句被強調(diào)部分中的the sales manager,通過通過rather th

29、an與與the sales girls形成比較結構，再考慮到形成比較結構，再考慮到主謂一致的原則，應選主謂一致的原則，應選B。2021/3/2631(NMET 2000, 24) It is the ability to do the job _ matters not where you come from or what you are.A. one B. that C. what D. it簡析簡析:本題答案選本題答案選B。在本題中被強調(diào)部分。在本題中被強調(diào)部分the ability to do the job 與與 not where you come from or what you

30、 are形成比較結構形成比較結構,the ability to do the job與與matters形成主謂一致關系。當然本題還可說成形成主謂一致關系。當然本題還可說成:It is the ability to do the job not where you come from or what you are that matters. 但這樣就顯得句子重心不但這樣就顯得句子重心不穩(wěn)穩(wěn),結構不合理。結構不合理。2021/3/2632vIt is the prevention of disease rather than its successful treatment that has l

31、ed to the rapid increase of the worlds population.v簡析簡析:本句中被強調(diào)部分為對比結構本句中被強調(diào)部分為對比結構,含義為含義為“導致世界人口快速增長的原因是對疾病的預防導致世界人口快速增長的原因是對疾病的預防而非對疾病的成功治療。而非對疾病的成功治療。”當然當然has led to的主語的主語應是應是the prevention of disease。2021/3/2633強調(diào)句型和名詞性從句的結合強調(diào)句型和名詞性從句的結合句式特征為句式特征為: 整個強調(diào)句型用作名詞性從句整個強調(diào)句型用作名詞性從句;或者在強調(diào)句型或者在強調(diào)句型中含有名詞性從

32、句。中含有名詞性從句。Ive already forgotten _you put the dictionary.A. that it was there B. where was it thatC. that where it was D. where it was that簡析簡析:本題是經(jīng)過變形的強調(diào)句型用作賓語從句的體現(xiàn)本題是經(jīng)過變形的強調(diào)句型用作賓語從句的體現(xiàn),為為了更好地理解了更好地理解,我們分三步對其進行討論。我們分三步對其進行討論。第一步第一步,復原復原It was on the desk that I put the dictionary.第二步，對劃線部分提問第二步，對劃線

33、部分提問Where was it that you put the dictionary?第三步，變?yōu)殛愂稣Z序，將其用作第三步，變?yōu)殛愂稣Z序，將其用作forgotten的賓語從句則變的賓語從句則變?yōu)闉?Ive already forgotten where it was that you put the dictionary.與原題對比，答案應為與原題對比，答案應為D。2021/3/2634再看一個強調(diào)句型中含有同位語從句的例子再看一個強調(diào)句型中含有同位語從句的例子:It was at the very beginning _Mr. Fox made the decision _ we sho

34、uld send more firefighters there.A. when; which B. where; what C. then; so D. that; that簡析簡析:本題答案為本題答案為D。 第一個第一個that為強調(diào)句型中為強調(diào)句型中的的that;第二個第二個that引導同位語從句引導同位語從句,說明說明the decision的內(nèi)容。的內(nèi)容。2021/3/2635強調(diào)句型的省略形式強調(diào)句型的省略形式句式特征為句式特征為: 在一定的上下文中在一定的上下文中,強調(diào)句型的某個部分可強調(diào)句型的某個部分可以省略。作題時要特別注意將其復原并加以比較。以省略。作題時要特別注意將其復原

35、并加以比較。Who is making so much noise in the garden?_ the children.A.It is B. They are C. That is D. There are簡析簡析:強調(diào)句型在具體的語境中省略強調(diào)句型在具體的語境中省略,其完整形式應其完整形式應是是:It is the children who are making so much noise in the garden.。答案為。答案為A。2021/3/2636強調(diào)句型的形近句型強調(diào)句型的形近句型(1) It+ be+ adj. / n. / 過去分詞過去分詞+that從句句型。該句型中

36、的從句句型。該句型中的It是形式主語是形式主語,that引導的從句是真正的主語從句。如引導的從句是真正的主語從句。如:It is important that he (should) learn English well.It is a fact that he can speak both English and Japanese.It is suggested that he leave his office right now.(2) “It be +時間段時間段+since”句型。如果句型。如果since和延續(xù)性動和延續(xù)性動詞連用詞連用,則意為則意為“某人不做某事已有多久了某人不做某事

37、已有多久了”;如和短暫如和短暫動詞連用動詞連用,則為則為“某人做某事已有多久了某人做某事已有多久了”。如。如:It is two months since he fell ill. 他病了兩個月了。他病了兩個月了。It is two months since he was ill. 他病好已經(jīng)兩個他病好已經(jīng)兩個2021/3/2637(3) It be+時間段時間段+before句型句型 表示表示“多久后某事發(fā)生多久后某事發(fā)生”。It was a long time before they met again. 很長時間后他們才見面。很長時間后他們才見面。（4）“It bewhen”句型句型 表

38、示表示“某事發(fā)生時正是某事發(fā)生時正是時候時候” It was 1949 when the PRC was founded. 試比較強調(diào)句型句試比較強調(diào)句型句:It was in 1949 that the PRC was founded. (去掉去掉it,was,that后仍是后仍是一個完整的句子一個完整的句子)2021/3/2638高考題回放高考題回放1.It is the ability to do the job _matters, not where you come from or what you are.A. one B. that C. what D. it2.It was o

39、nly when I reread his poems recently I began to appreciate their beauty.A. unti B. that C. then D. so2021/3/26393.It was about 600 years ago _ the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. A. that B.until C.before D.when4.It was because of bad weather_the football match had to be put off.(2

40、003)A.so B.so that C.why D.that2021/3/26401.It was _ he said _ disappointed me. A. that/what B. what/that C. what/what D. that/that 2.It was in the factory_ produced TV sets _ our friend was murdered. A. which / which B. that / which C. that / that D. where / that 課堂練習2021/3/26413.Was it during the

41、Second War _he died? A.that B.while C. in which D. then4.Who _ helped you work out the math problem?A.was he B.it was who C. Was it that D. it was2021/3/26425.It was not until she had arrived home _ her appointment with the doctor. A.did she remember B.that she remembered C.when she remembered D.had

42、 she remembered6.Where was it _ the road accident happened yesterday?A.when B. thatC. Which D. how2021/3/26437.Was it for this reason _ her uncle moved out of London and settled down in a small village.A.which B. why C. that D. how8.Was it at the school _ was named HERO_ he spent his childhood.A.tha

43、t; who B. which; thatC. where;that D. that ; which2021/3/26441.-Where wasyou picked up the wallet -Just near the school gate. A. it B. it that C. the place D. the place that 2. I must find out whyso many students made the same mistake. A. is it that B. was it which C. it is what D. it was that 3. How many years is it _ your sister came to work here A. after B. since C. before D. until 4