1、學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載初中英語(yǔ)國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)音標(biāo)練習(xí)元音(20 個(gè))輔音(28 個(gè))單元音前元 音(4個(gè) )后元 音(5個(gè) )12 個(gè)中元 音(3 個(gè))雙元音合口雙元音 (5個(gè) )8 個(gè)集中雙元音 (3個(gè) )清輔音 (11個(gè) )濁輔音 (17個(gè) )i:ie? :?:?u:u? :?ei ?uaiau?ii ?u ? ?ptkfs ?t ?trtshbdgvze?d ?drdzlmn?jwr/i:/ bee/bi:/feet/fi:t/keep/ki:p/ key/ki:/ team/ti:m/meet/mi:t/i/it /it/ big/big/city/ siti/give/giv/sick/sik/

2、e/get/get/best/best/ text/tekst/help/help/?/fat/f?t/have/h?v/cat/k?t/back/b?k/ hat/h?t/a:/laugh/la:f/glass/gla:s/half/ha:f/farm/fa:m/park/pa:k/ ?:/ horse/h?:s/saw/s?: /corn/k?:n/course/k?:s/salt/s?:t/ ? / dog/d?g/ pot/p?t/ cost/k?st/ what/w?t/ honest/?nist/u:/food/fu:d/moon/mu:n/rule/ru:l/loose/lu:s

3、/noon/nu:n/u/book/buk/put/put/good/gud/would/wud/could/kud/ ? / must/m?st/does/d?z/money/m?ni/ugly/ ?gli/come/k?m/?:/nurse/n?:s/ bird/b?:d/ burn/b?:n/ turn/t?:n/ girl/g?:l/? /better/bet?/ never/nev?/worker/w?:k?/ welcome/welk?m/ei/may/mei/name/neim/game/geim/eight/eit/age/eid?/?u/ no/n?u/home/h?um/h

4、ope/h?up/wrote/r?ut/note/n?ut/pose/p?uz/ai/eye/ai/time/taim/buy/bai/right/rait/bike/baik/kite/kait/au/ now/nau/ out/aut/ how/hau/about/?baut/ south/sau/ house/h aus/?i /boy/b?i/toy/t?i/noise/n?iz/voice/v?is/ point/p?int/coin/k?in/i?/ear/i?/ near/ni?/ idea/aidi?/hear/hi?/ mere/mi?/spear/spi?/?/air/?/

5、 tear/t?/ care/k?/ dare/d?/ fair/f ?/ there/e?/u?/tour/tu?/poor/pu?/sure/?u?/moor/mu?/(停泊 )your/ju?/p/ pea/pi:/ pie/pai/top/t?p/cap/k?p/people/pi:pl/pride/praid/b/bee/bi:/by/bai/buy/bai/black/bl?k/bear/b?/t/ let/let/sat/s?t/feet/fi:t/team/ti:m/tide/taid/學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載/d/led/led/sad/s?d/feed/fi:d/do/du:/ d

6、ear/di?/k/lack/l?k/take/teik/clock/kl ?k/class/kla:s/weekend/wi:kend/g/big/big/lag/l?g/glass/gla:s/ gum/g?m/ good/gud/ guest/gest/f/face/feis/fast/fa:st/leaf/li:f/surf/s?:f/ favorite/ feiv?rit/v/very/veri/five/faiv/fever/fi:v ?/serve/s?:v/never/nev?/ bath/ba:/(v 洗澡 )thick/ ik/mouth/mau/ breath/bre/(

7、n 呼吸 )thought/?:t/author/?/truth/tru: /e/the/ e?/they/eei/that/e?t/mother/m?e?/thus/ e?s/then/een/s/face/feis/mouse/maus/ cakes/keiks/caps/k?ps/likes/laiks/stops/st?ps/z/ close/kl?uz/keys/ki:z/boys/b?iz/pens/penz/halves/ha:vz/t?/catch/k?t?/cheep/t?i:p/rich/ri t?/watch/wt ?/ child/t ?aild/question/kw

8、es?n/teach/ti:t ?/challenge/t?lind ?/d?/orange/?rid?/ large/la:d?/ juice/d?u:s/job/ d?b/tr/tree/tri:/ try/trai/ true/tru:/ trouble/traubl/ track/tr?k/dr/dry/drai/dream/dri:m/dress/dres/drink/dri ?k/hundred/h?ndrid/?/ she/?i:/sharp/?a:p/ fish/fi ?/shock/?k/shoe/?u:/?/pleasure/ple?/ measure/me?/televi

9、sion/telivi ?n/ts/lets/lets/ sports/sp?:ts/puts/puts/writes/raits/seats/si:ts/dz/ hands/h?ndz/ birds/b?:dz/friends/freindz/beds/bedz/stands/st?ndz/h/he/ hi:/hard/ha:d/him/him/heard/h?:d/half/ha:f/l/like/laik/late/leit/learn/l?:n/lead/li:d/ light/lait/m/my/mai/ more/m?:/ seem/si:m/ meat/mi:t/ mind/ma

10、ind/ men/men/n/nice/nais/wind/waind/mind/maind/rain/rein/fine/fain/? / sing/si?/wing/wi ?/ring/ri ?/ long/l ?/beautiful/bju:t?fl/j/ you/ju:/ few/fju:/ yard/ja:d/music/mju:zik/ student/stju:dnt/excuse/ikskju:z/w/work/w?:k/ way/wei/well/wel/what/w?t/twelve/twelv/twin/twin/r/red/red/ road/r?ud/write/ra

11、it/wrong/r?/problem/pr?bl?m/學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載音標(biāo)綜合練習(xí)1./i:/i/e/?/bit/bit/pet/pet/wi:k/di:l/ri ?l/weekdealreal/p?k/g?p/k?g/packgapcap/kid/kid/n?g/nag/dig/kwik/tip/zip/rid/digquicktipziprid/r?m/b?tl/sed/h?pi/rambattlesaidhappy/wil/will/ten/ten/fil/fill/red/red/ setl/ /tr? ?/ /dipend/ settle trash depend2./a:/?:/

12、?/u:/u/a:sk/ma:sk/pa:st/fra:ns/?d/l?:n/n?:t/p?:z/f?ks/s?k/askmaskpastFrance oddlawn naught pause foxsock/fa:/la:d ?/ /ma:k/l ?:d/ /t?:/ /st?:m/p?t/kr?p/ /?t/ /pr?mis/farlarge markLordtorchstormpotcropthoughtpromise/huk/lu:s/ /sut/tuk/ /mud/ru:/pul/wud/hookloose soottookmoodthroughpullwood3./?/?/?/b?

13、z/d?l/h?ri/g?lf/ / tr?bl/?:n/s?:f/t?:n?/ /beg?/ /t?k/bussdullhurrygulftroubleearnsurfturnerbeggertuck/k?:b/ /?:k/?merik/ /s?k?/k? mp?/s?vei/ /p?veid/p?h? ps/curbirkAmerica soccercampersurveypervadeperhaps/b?:lesk/ /m?:d?/burlesquemurder3./ei/?u/ai/au/?i /keip/greit/mein/pr?p?u z/m?u?n/st?un/ /?uv?/s

14、ait/kapegreatmainproposemotionstoneoversight/raim/daut/taipist/aust/m?ist/?ist?/rhymedoubttypistoustmoistoyster4./i?/?/u?/vi ?/?f?/d?/sk?/bu?n/gu?d/ru?r?l/? pi?/k ?l?mbi?/veeraffairdarescarebourngourdruralappear Colombia學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載/m?ti?ri?l/misti?ri?s/materialmysterious5./e/m?n/i:f/e? t /e? n/fei /t?g

15、ee?/ ?k/e?m selvz /monththief thatthanfaithtogetherthankthemselves元音音素：/i:/【衣發(fā)長(zhǎng)點(diǎn)】/I/【衣急促地發(fā)聲】/e/【哎發(fā)這個(gè)音的時(shí)候不要把“哎 ”的 給讀出來(lái)，嘴唇放松自然地讀】/? /【哎發(fā)這個(gè)音的時(shí)候不要把“哎 ”的 給讀出來(lái)，嘴唇扁平地發(fā)】/?:/【額發(fā)長(zhǎng)音】/?/【額發(fā)短音】/ /【阿嘴巴微微地張開(kāi)發(fā)出這個(gè)音就可以了】/a:/【啊嘴巴長(zhǎng)到最大】/?/【哦急促】/?:/【哦聲音拖長(zhǎng)】/u/【烏急促】/u:/【烏聲音拖長(zhǎng)】/eI/【有點(diǎn)像答應(yīng)人的 “誒 ”的聲音】/aI/【唉】/?I/【哦喂連著讀】/?u/【嘔】/

16、au/【傲】/I?/【衣餓連著讀】/ ?/【哎餓連著讀】/u?/【烏餓連著讀】輔音音素：/p/【普不要把 給發(fā)出來(lái)，輕音】/b/【不不要把 ù給發(fā)出來(lái)，濁音】/t/【特不要把 è給發(fā)出來(lái)，輕音】/d/【得不要把 é給發(fā)出來(lái)，濁音】/k/【克不要把 è給發(fā)出來(lái)，輕音】/g/【各不要把 è給發(fā)出來(lái)，濁音】/f/【福不要把 ú給發(fā)出來(lái)，輕音】/v/【有點(diǎn)像摩托車(chē)啟動(dòng)的聲音， “嗚嗚嗚 ”地，但是是像發(fā) “ vú vú一vú”樣，不要把 ú給發(fā)出來(lái)，濁音】/s/【絲像蛇吐芯子發(fā)出的那種聲音，不要把給讀出

17、來(lái)，輕音】/z/【就是 /s/的濁音】學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載/ /【牙齒咬住舌頭的輕音】/ /【牙齒咬住舌頭的濁音】/ /【西不要把 給發(fā)出來(lái)，輕音】/ /【衣不要把 給發(fā)出來(lái)，濁音】/h/【喝不要把 給發(fā)出來(lái)，輕音】/r/【若不要把 uò給發(fā)出來(lái)，濁音】/t /【七不要把 給發(fā)出來(lái)，輕音】/d /【姬不要把 給發(fā)出來(lái)，濁音】/tr/【缺不要把 u給發(fā)出來(lái)，輕音】/dr/【撅不要把 u給發(fā)出來(lái)，濁音】/ts/【次不要把 ì給發(fā)出來(lái)，輕音】/dz/【自不要把 ì給發(fā)出來(lái)，濁音】/m/【嘴巴閉住，然后發(fā)音，氣流從鼻子出來(lái)，濁音】/n/【嘴巴微張，舌尖頂住上顎，氣流從鼻子出來(lái)

18、而不是從嘴巴出來(lái)，濁音】/?/【嘴巴長(zhǎng)大，舌頭向下彎曲，氣流從鼻子出來(lái)而不是從嘴巴出來(lái)，濁音】/l/【有兩個(gè)讀音。一是放在音標(biāo)結(jié)尾發(fā)嘔，濁音；而是放在音標(biāo)中發(fā)了，濁音】/w/【我不要把 給發(fā)出來(lái)，濁音】/j/【呀不要把 給發(fā)出來(lái)，濁音】所謂濁音，就是聲帶要振動(dòng)的音；輕音就是發(fā)出了但聲帶卻不振動(dòng)的音所有的元音都是濁音，聲帶都要振動(dòng)。1關(guān)于語(yǔ)音的幾個(gè)概念1)字母：語(yǔ)言的書(shū)寫(xiě)形式。元音字母a, e, i(y), o, u,2)音標(biāo)：詞的語(yǔ)音形式。3)音素：音的最小的單位。英語(yǔ)中有48 音素。4)音節(jié)：由元音和輔音構(gòu)成的發(fā)音單位。ap'ple, stu'dent, tea'ch

19、er, un'der'stand5)元音：發(fā)音響亮，是樂(lè)音；口腔中氣流不收阻礙；是構(gòu)成音節(jié)的主要音。英語(yǔ)中有6)輔音：發(fā)音不響亮，是噪音；口腔中氣流受到阻礙；不是構(gòu)成音節(jié)的主要音。英語(yǔ)中有7)開(kāi)音節(jié)： a) 輔音 +元音 +輔音 +e name bike;b) 輔音 +元音he, go, hi8)閉音節(jié)： a) 輔音 +元音 +輔音bad, bed, sit, hot, cup; b) 元音 +輔音 it9)重讀音節(jié)：?jiǎn)卧~中發(fā)音特別響亮的音節(jié)。20 元音。28 輔音。2. 元音： ( 注意：下面空方括號(hào)是電腦無(wú)法輸入的音標(biāo) ) 1)i: sea, he, see, piece,

20、 ceiling2)i sit, build, miss, myth3)e bed, desk, head,4)? bad, land, bank, stamp5)a: car, fast, class, plant, calm, aunt6) ? hot, want7) ?: door, more, sport, ball, warm, author, court, bought, caught8)u: good, who, blue, soup,9)u look, put, women, could10) cup, come, blood, rough學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載11) ?: girl

21、, work, serve, nurse12) ? cadre, ago, forget, polite, dollar, doctor, famous, Saturday13)ei cake, they, play, eight, great,14)ai bike, die, neither, light, try, find, height, eye15) ?u phone, cold, boat, soul, grow16)au house, town17) ?i boy, oil18)i ? dear, idea, deer, here, fierce,19) ? pear, care

22、, there, fair20)u ? tour, poor,3. 容易混淆的元音1)e ? bed bad; men, man; pen, pan; lend land2)i: ei real rail; greet, great; mean, main; read raid3)e ai bet bite; red write; said side, head, hide4)au ?: house horse; loud lord; south sauce; now nor; count corn; cloud clause5)au found fond; gown gone; down d

23、on4. 輔音1)p pen,2)b bed, comb3)t tell,4)d, day, played, wanted5)k cold, sky, quick, school, back, accept, box6)g big, go, guess, language7)m man8)n nine, knife, autumn9) bank, uncle, English, sing,10)l land, world11)r read, write,12)f five, cough, laugh13)v voice, of14) think,15) e this, bathe16)s si

24、t, miss, science, case, scarf17)z zoo, close,18) sure, she, social, nation19)/ pleasure,20)h hot, who, hour21)w wall, what, answer22)j yes23)t child, teach, catch24)d/ joke, bridge,25)ts boats26)dz goods27)tr tree學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載28)dr dream5. 容易混淆的輔音1)v w vet wet; vest west; vine wine; very well2)s sink thi

25、nk; sort thought; miss myth; mass math3)z e closing clothing; breeze breathe; bays bathes4)n thin thing; sin sing; ban bang win wing; ran rang6. 讀音規(guī)則1)重讀音節(jié) (見(jiàn)元音和輔音的例句)2)非重讀音節(jié)? banana, student, today, after,i orange, secret, evening, very, Monday7. 特殊讀音1)音的連讀： not at all, half an hour, I love you and

26、 all. after all2)失去爆破： good girl, good student, good job, expression, school, extreme3)音的同化： this year, Would you do it? Can't you see it?8. 重音1)單詞重音A) 雙音節(jié)詞a)一般在第一個(gè)音節(jié)重讀。letter, sorryb)有 a-, be-, de-, re-, res-, in-, im-, en-, em-, es-, ex-, con-, com-, dis-, mis-, pre-, per-, pro-, trans-等前綴的詞，

27、第二個(gè)音節(jié)是重音。a'bout, be'lieve, ad'dress, de'cide, re'port, con'demn, res'pect, com'pare, in'form, dis'cuss, im'press, mis'take, en'force, pre'pare, em'ploy, per'mit, es'cape, pro'duce, ex'claim,trans'latec)有 de-, in-, re-, c

28、on-, pre- 等前綴的重音與詞義和詞類(lèi)有關(guān) , 一般名詞的重音在第一個(gè)音節(jié)上， 其它的詞性在第二個(gè)音節(jié)上。'record, re'cord; 'insult, in'sult; 'conduct, con'duct; 'present pre'sent; 'content, con'tent d)有些復(fù)合詞和帶有前綴 re-, ex-, un-, pre-, post-, 等的詞，有兩個(gè)重音。 'out'side, 're'tell, 'well-'known,

29、 'un'real, 'fif'teen, 'Chi'nese, 'pre-'war, 'post-'warB) 多音節(jié)詞a)一般倒數(shù)第三個(gè)音節(jié)是重音。'difficult, 'communist, 'family, e'conomy, oppor'tunity,de'mocracy.b)有一些雙音節(jié)詞，加了前綴和后綴成了多音節(jié)，但這些詞按原來(lái)詞根的重音讀音。'carefully, in'definite, 'comfortable, con&

30、#39;ductor, ac'cording, dis'turbance, 'complicated,es'tablishment,c)詞尾有-eous, -grahpy, -ial, -ian, -ic, -ics, -ience, ient, -ify, -ion, -ious, -ity, ive后綴的詞，重音在這些后綴的前一個(gè)音節(jié)上。cour'teous, cal'ligraphy, edi'torial, his'torian, peri'odic, mathe'matics, ex'perien

31、ce,suf'ficient, i'dentify, trans'lation, re'ligious, curi'osity, pro'tectived)詞尾有-ain, -ee, -eer, -ese, -ette 后綴的詞，重音在該后綴上，而且有一個(gè)次重音。enter'tain, emplo'yee,mountai'neer, Japa'nese, ciga'rette2)句子重音A) 英語(yǔ)的節(jié)奏：（輕） -輕 -重 -輕 -（輕）或重 -輕 -（輕）（輕）重B) 英語(yǔ)句子的長(zhǎng)短：是由句子中的重讀詞的

32、數(shù)目決定的，而不是象漢語(yǔ)那樣由句子中的漢字?jǐn)?shù)目決定的。C) 實(shí)詞重讀（副詞重讀） ，虛詞輕讀 (冠詞，單音節(jié)介詞，單音節(jié)連詞，人稱(chēng)代詞，反代詞，物主代詞，關(guān)系代詞，相互代詞，助動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和系動(dòng)詞be.D) 實(shí)詞不重讀的特殊情況a) 實(shí)詞第二次出現(xiàn)學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載He thinks of that as a child thinks.b) 一個(gè)名詞被第二個(gè)名詞修飾c) 代替詞Which book do you want? The small one.d) 感嘆詞中的what 和 howWhat a good day it is! How beautiful she is!e) street

33、在專(zhuān)有名詞中Wangfujing Street.f) this 在這些短語(yǔ)中， this morning/afternoon/evening E)虛詞重讀的特殊情況a) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞和系動(dòng)詞be 在句首，句尾和否定時(shí)。b) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示可能，驚奇和肯定時(shí)。They may come this evening. Can it be five already? He must be in the room.c) 介詞在句首和句尾。d) 引導(dǎo)復(fù)合句的連詞在句首。If you wish, I'll visit you. When he comes, I'll tell him.e)

34、反身代詞表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。He couldn't come himself.英語(yǔ)發(fā)音連讀的規(guī)則連讀的條件：相鄰的兩詞在意義上必須密切相關(guān)，同屬一個(gè)意群。連讀所構(gòu)成的音節(jié)一般都不重讀，只需順其自然地一帶而過(guò)，不可讀得太重，也不可音。( 連讀符號(hào)： )(1) “輔音 +元音”型連讀在同一個(gè)意群里， 如果相鄰兩詞中的前一個(gè)詞是以輔音結(jié)尾， 后一個(gè)詞是以元音開(kāi)頭， 這就要將輔音與元音拼起來(lái)連讀。I manEnglish boy. Itisanold book.Let me havea lookatit.Ms Black worked inanoffice lastyesterday. I called

35、you halfanhourago.Putiton, please.Notatall.Please pickitup.(2) “r/re+ 元音”型連讀如果前一個(gè)詞是以-r 或者 -re 結(jié)尾，后一個(gè)詞是以元音開(kāi)頭，這時(shí)的元音拼起來(lái)連讀。r 或 re 不但要發(fā)/r/ ，而且還要與后面的They re my fatherand mother.I looked forit hereand there.Thereis a football underit.Thereare some books on the desk.學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載Hereis a letter for you.Hereare f

36、oureggs.But whereis my cup?Whereare your brotherand sister?但是，如果一個(gè)音節(jié)的前后都有字母r，即使后面的詞以元音開(kāi)頭，也不能連讀。The black clouds are coming nearer and nearer. （nearer 與and 不可連讀）(3) “輔音 +半元音”型連讀英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)音中的/j/ 和 /w/ 是半元音，如果前一個(gè)詞是以輔音結(jié)尾，后一個(gè)詞是以半元音，特別是要連讀。/j/ 開(kāi)頭，此時(shí)也Thankyou.Nice to meetyou.Didyou get there lateagain?Wouldyou li

37、kea cupof tea ？Couldyou help me, please?“音的同化”常把 /d/+/j/ 讀成 /dV/ ， did you 聽(tīng)上成了 /dIdVu/ ， would you 成了 /wudVu/ ， could you 成了 /kudVu/ 。(4) “元音 +元音”型連讀如果前一個(gè)詞以元音結(jié)尾，后一個(gè)詞以元音開(kāi)頭，這兩個(gè)音往往也要自然而不間斷地連讀到一起。Iam Chinese.Heis very friendly to me.She wants to studyEnglish.Howand why did you come here?She can t carry

38、it.It ll take you threehours to walk there.The question is tooeasy for him to answer.(5) 當(dāng)短語(yǔ)或從句之間按意群進(jìn)行停頓時(shí)，意群與意群之間即使有兩個(gè)相鄰的輔音與元音出現(xiàn)，也不可連讀。Isit ahat or a cat?（ hat 與 or 之間不可以連讀）Thereisa good book in my desk.（ book 與 in 之間不可以連讀）Can you speakEnglish or French? （ English 與 or 之間不可以連讀）Shall we meet ateight

39、or ten tomorrow morning?（ meet 與 at， eight 與 or 之間不可以連讀）She opened the door and walkedin. （ door 與 and 之間不可以連讀）失去爆破6 個(gè)爆破音有3 對(duì)/p/， /b/， /t/， /d/，/k/ ， /g/失去爆破，又叫不完全爆破，就是在某些情況下，只須做出發(fā)音的準(zhǔn)備，但并不發(fā)音，稍稍停頓后就發(fā)后面的音。(1) “爆破音 +爆破音”型6 個(gè)爆破音中的任意 2 個(gè)相臨時(shí)，前一個(gè)爆破音會(huì)失去爆破，即由相關(guān)的發(fā)音器官做好這個(gè)發(fā)音的姿勢(shì)，稍做停頓后即發(fā)后面的爆破音。The girl in the re(d) coat was on a bla(ck) bike jus(t) now.The bi(g) bus from the fa(c) tory is full of people.Wha(t) time does he get up every morning?This is an ol(d) pi(c)ture of a bi(g) car.The ol(d) do(c)tor has a