1、冀教版八年級上冊英語知識點匯總1） leave 的用法1. “leave地點”表示 離開某地”。例如：When did you leave Shanghai?你什么時候離開上海的？2. “leavefor+地點”表示 動身去某地"。例如：Next Friday ; Alice is leaving for London.下周五；愛麗斯要去倫敦了。3. "leave地點+for+地點”表示 離開某地去某地"。例如：Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing?你為什么要離開上海去北京？2）情態動詞should “應該”學會使用sh

2、ould作為情態動詞用；常常表示意外、驚奇、不能理解等；有 竟會”的意思；例如：How should I know?我怎么知道？Why should you be so late today? 你今天為什么來得這么晚？should有時表示應當做或發生的事；例如：We should help each other.我們應當互相幫助。我們在使用時要注意以下幾點：1 .用于表示 應該"或 不應該”的概念。此時常指長輩教導或責備晚輩。例如：You should be here with clean hands.你應該把手洗干凈了再來。2 .用于提出意見勸導別人。例如：You should g

3、o to the doctor if you feel ill.如果你感覺不舒服；你最好去看醫生。3 .用于表示可能性。should的這一用法是考試中常常出現的考點之一。例如：We should arrive by supper time.我們在晚飯前就能到了。She should be here any moment.她隨時都可能來。3） What.? 與 Which.?1. what與which都是疑問代詞；都可以指人或事物；但是 what僅用來詢問職業。如：What is your father? 你父親是干什么的？該句相當于：What does your father do?What

4、is your father's job?Which指代的是特定范圍內的某一個人。如：-Which is Peter?哪個是皮特？-The boy behind Mary.瑪麗背后的那個男孩。2. What.?是泛指；所指的事物沒有范圍的限制；而 Which.?是特指；所指的事物有范圍的限制。如:What color do you like best? （所有顏色）你最喜愛什么顏色？Which color do you like best; blue ; green or yellow?（有特定的范圍）你最喜愛哪一種顏色？3. what與which后都可以接單、復數名詞和不可數名詞。如

5、：Which pictures are from China?哪些圖片來自中國？4）頻度副詞的位置1 .常見的頻度副詞有以下這些：always （總是； 一直）usually （通常）often （常常；經常）sometimes （有時候）never （從不）2 .頻度副詞的位置：a.放在連系動詞、助動詞或情態動詞后面。如：David is often arrives late for school.大衛上學經常遲到。b.放在行為動詞前。如：We usually go to school at 7:10 every day. 我們每天經常在7: 10去上學。c.有些頻度副詞可放在句首或句尾；用

6、來表示強調。如：Sometimes I walk home ； sometime I rides a bike.有時我步行回家；有時我騎自行車。3 .never放在句首時；主語、謂語動詞要倒裝。如：Never have I been there.我從沒到過那兒。5） every day 與 everyday1. every day作狀語；譯為 每一天“。如：We go to school at 7:10 every day. 我們每天7： 10去上學。I decide to read English every day.我決定每天讀英語。2. everyday作定語；譯為 日常的“。She w

7、atches everyday English on TV after dinner.她晚飯后在電視上看日常英語。What's your everyday activity?你的日?；顒邮鞘裁矗?）什么是助動詞1 .幫助主要動詞構成謂語動詞詞組的詞叫助動詞（ Auxiliary Verb ）。被協助的動詞稱作主要動詞（ Mai n Verb ）。助動詞自身沒有詞義；不可單獨使用；例如：He doesn't like English.他不喜歡英語。（doesn't是助動詞；無詞義；like是主要動詞；有詞義）2 .助動詞協助主要動詞完成以下功用；可以用來：a.表示時態；例

8、如：He is singing.他在唱歌。He has got married. 他已結婚。b.表示語態；例如：He was sent to England.他被派往英國。c.構成疑問句；例如：Do you like college life? 你喜歡大學生活嗎？Did you study English before you came here?你來這兒之前學過英語嗎？d.與否定副詞not合用；構成否定句；例如：I don't like him. 我不喜歡他。e.加強語氣；例如：明天晚上一定來參加晚會。He did know that.他的確知道那件事。3 .最常用的助動詞有：be;

9、 have; do; shall ; will; should ; would7） forget doing/to do 與 remember doing/to do1 .forget to do忘記要去做某事。（未彳）forget doing 忘記做過某事。（已做）The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off.辦公室的燈還在亮著；它忘記關了。（沒有做關燈的動作）He forgot turning the light off.他忘記他已經關了燈了。（已做過關燈的動作）D別忘了明天來。e動作未做）典型例題- The l

10、ight in the office is still on.- Oh ; I forgot.A. turning it off B. turn it offC. to turn it off D. having turned it off答案：C。由the light is still on可知燈亮著；即關燈的動作沒有發生；因此用 forget to do sth.而for get doing sth 表示燈已經關上了；而自己忘記了這一事實。此處不符合題意。2 .remember to do記得去做某事（未彳）remember doing 記得做過某事（已做）Remember to go t

11、o the post office after school.記著放學后去趟郵局。Don't you remember seeing the man before? 你不記得以前見過那個人嗎？8） It's for sb. 和 It's of sb.1 .for sb.常用于表示事物的特征特點；表示客觀形式的形容詞；如 easy; hard； difficult ; interest ing; impossible 等：It's very hard for him to study two languages. 對他來說學兩門外語是很難的。2.of sb的句型一

12、般用表示人物的性格；品德；表示主觀感情或態度的形容詞；如 good; kind; nice;clever ； foolish ; right。It's very nice of you to help me.你來幫助我；你真是太好了。3.for與of的辨別方法：用介詞后面的代詞作主語；用介詞前邊的形容詞作表語；造個句子。如果道理上通順用of;不通則用for。如：You are nice.（通順；所以應用 of）。He is hard.（人是困難的；不通；因此應用 for。）9）對兩個句子的提問冀教英語在命題中有將對句子劃線提問這一題型取消的趨勢；現在采取的作法是對一個句子進行自由提 問

13、。例如：句子：The boy in blue has three pens.提問：1.Who has three pens?2 .Which boy has three pens?3 .What does the boy in blue have?4 .How many pens does the boy in blue have?很顯然；學生多了更多的回答角度；也體現了考試的靈活性。再如：句子： He usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday.提問：1.Who usually goes to the park wi

14、th his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?5 .Where does he usually go with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?6 .What does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?7 .With whom does he usually go to the park at 8:00 on Sunday?8 .What time does he usually go to the park with his friends on Sunday?9 .When d

15、oes he usually go to the park with his friends?10） so、such與不定冠詞的使用1.50 與不定冠詞a、an連用；結構為 "so形容詞+a/an+名詞”。如： He is so funny a boy.Jim has so big a house.2.5 uch與不定冠詞a、an連用；結構為"such+a/an+形容詞+名詞”。如：It is such a nice day.That was such an interesting story.11）使用-ing分詞的幾種情況1 .在進行時態中。如：He is watchi

16、ng TV in the room.They were dancing at nine o'clock last night.2 .在there be結構中。如：There is a boy swimming in the river.3 .在 have fun/problems 結構中。如：We have fun learning English this term.They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.4 .在介詞后面。如： Thanks for helping me.Are you good at playing

17、 5.在以下結構中：enjoy doing sth finish doing sth feel like doing sth stop doing sth forget doing sth go on doing sth remember doing sth like doing sth keep sb doing sth find sb doing sth see/hear/watch sb doing try doing sth need doing sth prefer doing sth mind doing sth practice doing sth be busy doing s

18、th can't help doing sth miss doing sth12）英語中的“單數”basketball.樂于做某事完成做某事想要做某事停止做某事忘記做過某事繼續做某事記得做過某事喜歡做某事使某人一直做某事發現某人做某事sth 看到/聽到/觀看某人做某事試圖做某事需要做某事寧愿做某事介意做某事練習做某事忙于做某事禁不住做某事錯過做某事即可用“heshe; it代替的。如1.主語的第三人稱單數形式； he; she ; it11 / 11my friend ; his teacher ;2 .名詞有單數名詞和復數名詞。如: man （單數）-men （復數）3 .動詞有原形

19、；第三人稱單數形式;go-goes-going-went-goneour classroom ; Tom ; Mary's uncle banana （單數）-bananas （復數）-ing 分詞；過去式；過去分詞。如：-So 如:hamburger-hamburgers tree-trees-x結尾的名詞；詞尾加-es。如:dish-dishesbox-boxespotato-potatoesNegro-Negroestomato-tomatoeshero-heroeswork-works-working-worked-workedwatch-watches-watching-wa

20、tched-watched當主語為第三人稱單數的時候；謂語動詞必須用相應的第三人稱單數形式。如:The boy wants to be a sales assistant.Our English teacher is from the US.Their daughter makes her breakfast all by herself.13）名詞的復數構成的幾種形式名詞復數的構成可分為規則變化和不規則變化兩種。I名詞復數的規則變化1 .一般在名詞詞尾加 pear-pears desk-desks2 .以字母-s； -sh ; class-classes watch-watches3 .以字

21、母-o結尾的某些名詞；詞尾加 -es。如:family-families city-citieshalf-halves thief-thieves self-selves life-lives4 .以輔首字母加-y結尾的名詞；將-y變為-i;再加-es。如:dictionary-dictionaries country-countries5 .以子母-f或-fe結尾的名詞；將-f或-fe變為-v;再加-es。如:leaf-leaves knife-knives wife-wives wolf-wolvesshelf-shelves但是：scarf-scarves(fes) serf-serfs

22、chief-chiefs belief-beliefsII名詞復數的不規則變化1 .將-oo改為-ee。如： foot-feet2 .將-man改為-men。如:man-men policeman-policemen3 .點加詞尾。如：child-children4 .單復數同形。如： sheep-sheep fish-fishloaf-loavesroof-roofs gulf-gulfs proof-proofstooth-teethwomanwomenpostman-postmen5 .表示某國人”的單、復數變化。即 Chinese-ChineseSwiss-SwissEnglishma

23、n-Englishmen American-Americans Canadian-Canadians Russian-Russians6 .其它。如： mouse-mice apple tree-apple treesdeer-deer people-people中日瑞不變英法變；其它國把Japanese-JapaneseFrenchman-Frenchmen Australian-Australians Korean-Koreans Indian-Indians-s加后面”。如:man teacher-men teachers14）雙寫最后一個字母的-ing分詞初中階段常見的有以下這些：1.

24、let - letting hit fhitting cut -cutting get-getting sit -sitting forget fforgetting put-putting set -settingbabysit fbabysitting2.shop fshopping trip ftripping stop fstopping f travel(l)ing swimi- swimming run frunning dig -digging begin fbeginning prefer 一preferringplan f plan

25、ning讓打、撞切、割取、得到坐忘記放設置臨時受雇照顧嬰兒購物絆停止放棄旅游游泳跑步挖、掘開始寧愿計劃15)肯定句變否定句及疑問句要變化的一些詞1.some 變為 any。如： There are some birds in the tree. 一There aren't any birds in the tree.但是；若在表示請邀請、請求的句子中;some可以不變。如:Would you like some orange juice?與此相關的一些不定代詞如something ; somebody等也要進行相應變化。2 .and變為or。如：I have a knife and a

26、 ruler.f I don't have a knife or a ruler.3 .a lot of （=lots of）變為 many 或 much。如：They have a lot of friends.（可數名詞） fThey don't have many friends.There is lots of orange in the bottle.（不可數名詞）fThere isn't much orange in the bottle.4 .already 變為 yet。如：I have been there already.f I haven'

27、t been there yet.16） in 與 afterin與after都可以表示時間；但二者有所區別。1.1 n經常用于將來時的句子中；以現在為起點；表示將來一段時間。如：He will leave for Beijing in a week.一周后他會動身去北京。2 .after經常用于過去時的句子中；以過去為起點；表示過去一段時間。如：He left for Beijing after a week.一周后他動身去了北京。不過；如果after后跟的是具體的時刻；它也可用于將來時。如： We will finish the work after ten o'clock.十點后

28、我們會完成工作的。3 .注意區分以下的in的用法。I'll visit him in a week.一周后我會去拜訪他。I'll visit him twice in a week.一周內我會去拜訪他兩次。17）不定冠詞a與an的使用1 .a用在以輔音音素開頭的單詞前。如：There is a "b" in the word "book".單詞book中有個字母bo類似的字母還有：b; c; d; g; j; k; p; q; t; u; v; w; y; z。She has a small knife.她有一把小刀。2 .an用于以元音

29、音素開頭的單詞前。如： There is an "i" in the word "onion". 單詞onion中有個字母i。類似的字母還有：a; e; f; h;i; l; m; n; o;r; s; x。Do you have an umbrella?你有一把雨傘嗎？a。如:3 .以元音字母開頭的單詞前面不一定都用an;以輔音字母開頭的單詞前面也不一定都用a useful booka universitya one-letter wordan hour an uncle an umbrella an honest person18）如何表達英語中的“

30、穿、戴”？英語中表示 穿、戴”的表達方法有好幾種；常見的有以下這些：1、put on主要表達 穿”的動作。如：He put on his coat.他穿上了他的外套。You'd better put on your shoes.你最好穿上你的鞋子。2、wear主要表示 穿、戴”的狀態。如：The old man wears a pair of glasses.老人戴著副眼鏡。The girl is wearing a red skirt.那女孩穿著一條紅色的短裙。3、dress可作及物動詞；有 給穿衣”的意思；后接 入”；而不是 衣服”。如：Please dress the child

31、ren right now.請立即給孩子們穿上衣服。dress也可作不及物動詞；表示衣著的習慣。如：The woman always dresses in green.那位婦女總是穿綠色的衣服。4、be in表示穿著的狀態。如：John is in white today.約翰今天穿白色的衣服。 The man in black is a football coach.19) a little ； a few 與 a bit (of)a little ; a few與a bit (of)都有 工些、少量”的意義。他們的區別在哪里呢？1. a little 意為 .些、少量”；后接不可數名詞。如

32、：There is a little water in the bottle.瓶子里有一點水。還可以接形容詞。如：He is a little shy.他有些害羞。2. a few意為工些、少數”；后接復數的可數名詞。如：There are a few people in the room. 房間里有一些人。3. a bit意為&點兒”；后接形容詞。如：It's a bit cold.有點冷。a bit of后接不可數名詞。如：He has a bit of money. 他有一點兒錢。4. a little表肯定意義；little表否定意義；a few表肯定意義；few表否定

33、意義。如：There is a little soda in the glass. 杯子里有一點兒汽水。There is little soda in the glass.杯子里幾乎沒有汽水了。I have a few Chinese friends.我有一些中國朋友。Few people like him.幾乎沒有人喜歡他。5. a little = a bit of; 后接不可數名詞；a little = a bit = a little bit = kind of;后接形容詞；意為 有點兒”。25) other 及其用法Other 及其相近的詞(組)；如 others ; the oth

34、er ; the others ; another ; any other 等；一直 是中學生朋友們比較困擾的問題；平常的考試、作業中經常出錯。下面是它們的一些用法：1、other指其余的人或物；所有格是other's ;復數形式是 others ; the other 指“兩個人或物中的另一個“；其復數形式是 the others ; others相當于"other +名詞”；所以不能充當定語；修飾名詞。others指整體中去掉一部分后剩余的部分；但不是全部的；即 some.others (一些.其余的人.)。th e others 強調整體中除去一部分后剩余的全部；即 s

35、ome.the others.2、another泛指三個以上的不定數目中的“另外一個"。由 an和other 合并構成；所以不能和冠詞 連用。another 修飾單數名詞；比如： another pencil.3、any other指除去本身以外的“任何其他的人或物”；后面要用名詞的單數形式。26) look 短語常見的look短語有以下這些：1.look at 朝 看Please look at the map of China. 請看中國地圖。(look at=have a look at)2.look for 尋找The old man is looking for his d

36、og.老人在尋找他的狗。3.look like看起來像Nancy looks like her mother.南希看起來像她母親。4.look the same看上去一樣Li Ping and Li Jing look the same.李萍和李晶看上去一樣。5.look up 查找Please look up the word in the dictionary.請在詞典中查找這個單詞。6.look over仔細檢查The doctor looked over Mary carefully.醫生仔細檢查了瑪麗。7.look after 照顧；照看You must look after you

37、r old father.你必須照顧你的老父親。8.look around到處尋找、查看We looked around ; but we found nothing strange.我們四處查看；但是我們沒有發現奇怪的東西。27) too ； also 與 either1 .too用于肯定句和疑問句；一般放在句尾；其前常加逗號。如：We are in the same school ; too.我們也在相同的學校。Do you play soccer every day ; too?你也每天踢足球嗎？2 .also用于肯定句和疑問句；一般位于實義動詞前、be動詞后。如：Sandra is a

38、lso a Korean student.Sandra也是一個韓國學生。3 .either用于否定句；一般放在句末。如：They don't know the answer ; either.她們也不知道答案。4 .as well as 也有"也”的意思。如：We have great mushroom pizza as well as soda.He is a happy boy as well.28) hard 與 hardly1 .hard既可作形容詞；也可作副詞。如：It's a hard(adj.) question. (=difficult)這是一個難的問

39、題。The boy studies very hard(adv.).那男孩學習非常努力。句子結構：It's hard for sb to do sth做某事對某人來說是難的。如：It's hard for him to finish the work.完成那項工作對他來說很難。注意區分：hard work 困難的工作work hard 努力工作2 .hardly 是頻度副詞；表示否定的意思。( =almost not )通常用在形容詞、副詞和動詞之前。如：I can hardly see it.我幾乎看不到它。29) sometime ; sometimes； some tim

40、e 與 some times1.sometime是時間副詞；指不確定的將來或過去某一點時間(某時候或任何時候)；不指一段時間。如:We'll go to Beijing sometime next month.我們下個月某一時候會去北京。2.sometimes是頻度副詞；指"有時"、"不時"的意思( =at times )。如：Sometimes I get up very late on Sunday morning.有時候我在星期天早晨起得很晚。3.some time 是名詞詞組；指一段時間(一些時間或若干時間)。如：It took him

41、some time to finish the book.她花了一些時間去完成作業。4.some times 指"幾次"。如：He met the woman some times last month.上個月他見過那婦女幾次。30) exercise的一些用法1 .作不及物動詞；譯為“運動；鍛煉”。如：David exercises every morning.大衛每天早晨進行鍛煉。2 .作及物動詞；譯為“訓練”。如：Swimming exercises the whole body.游泳能使身體得到全面的鍛煉。3 .作名詞；譯為“體育鍛煉、運動、體操、練習題”等。如：I

42、t's good to do eye exercises every day.每天做眼保鍵操對眼睛有好處。Please do more exercise from now on.從今以后請多做運動吧。I have lots of homework to do tonight.今晚我有很多的作業要做。4 .注意：exercise指具體運動或體操時是可數名詞；復數形式為exercises ;泛指運動時是不可數名詞。31) maybe 與 may be1 .maybe是副詞；譯為“也許、可能"；相當于"perhaps"。如：Maybe he can answer

43、 the question.也許他能回答那個問題。He maybe is from the USA ; too.他可能也來自美國。2 .may be中的may為情態動詞;譯為“可能是"。如：He may be from the USA ; too.他可能也來自美國。She may be our English teacher.她可能是我們的英語老師。32) same 與 different1.same指“相同的"；前面通常要有一個定冠詞the;但是如果same前面已經有this ; those等詞；就不能再與the連用了。如：We are in the same class

44、.我們在同一個班級。結構：the same as 與樣 如：His mark is the same as mine.他的分數和我的分數一樣。2.different 譯為“不同的"；其后的可數名詞應為復數形式。如：We are in different classes.我們在不同的班級。結構：be different from 與 不同 如：This sweater is different from that one.這件毛衣與那一件不同。different 的名詞形式為 difference ; 復數形式為 differences 。33)動詞want的用法1 .want sth

45、.想要某物They want some help.他們需要一些幫助。2 .want sb. to do sth.想要某人去做某事My father wants me to help him on the farm.我父親要我在農場上幫他。3 .want to do sth. 想要做某事I want to study English in England.我想要在英國學習英語。4 .want doing 需要.Your sweater wants washing.你的運動衣該洗了。34) be good(bad) for 、be good at 的相關用法1 .be good for 有益Doing morning exercises is good for your health.做早操對你們的建康有益。2 .be good at 擅長于Li Ping is good at basketball.李平擅長于籃球。=Li Ping is good at playing basketball.李平擅長于打籃球。be good at = do well in 如： I