1、lI. 常常用常常用that 作關系代詞的場合作關系代詞的場合l a. 當先行詞既有人有事物時。當先行詞既有人有事物時。lThey talked about the teachers and the school that they had visited. lb.先行詞是最高級形容詞或者它的前面有先行詞是最高級形容詞或者它的前面有l最高級形容詞時最高級形容詞時.lThis is the best film (that) I have ever seen.l 定語從句：第一定語從句：第一 ：關系代詞的用法：關系代詞的用法lc.當先行詞是序數詞或被序數詞修飾時當先行詞是序數詞或被序數詞修飾時l

2、This is the first letter that I have lreceived from her since she left.ld. 先行詞被先行詞被the only, the very,any few, llittle, no, all 等修飾時等修飾時.u e.g.(1)This is the only pen that I have.l (2) You are the very person that lwe are looking for. le. 當先行詞是當先行詞是anything, something, nothing, none, the one, all, m

3、uch, few,little等不定代等不定代詞時詞時e.g. 1) Ill tell you everything (that) I know about it. 2)Is there anything that belongs to me? lf. 當關系代詞在定語從句中作表語時當關系代詞在定語從句中作表語時le.g. She is not the girl that she was lthree years ago.lg.為了避免重復為了避免重復,在由在由who或或which引導引導l的特殊疑問句中的特殊疑問句中.le.g.1)Which is the car that hit the

4、boy?l 2)Who was the man that she danced with ?lh. 當先行詞是疑問代詞當先行詞是疑問代詞who 時時 l Who that has such a house does not llove it?II.指人時指人時,下列情況下宜用下列情況下宜用who,而不用而不用that:1. 先行詞是先行詞是one, ones, anyone,he 時時. Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.2. 先行詞是先行詞是those時時. She tries to keep the students in the cla

5、ssroom by running after those who escape.3. He who hasnt been to the Great wall is not a real man. 4. 當先行詞有較長的后置定語時當先行詞有較長的后置定語時. I met a foreigner in the street yesterday who could ask me questions in Chinese.5. 一個句子帶有兩個定語從句一個句子帶有兩個定語從句,其中一其中一個定語從句的關系代詞是個定語從句的關系代詞是that,另一個宜用另一個宜用who. e.g The boy th

6、at you met last night is the group leader who studies very hard.6. 在在there be開頭的句子中開頭的句子中. 1) There is an old man who wants to see you.2) There are many young men who are against him.III.常用常用which的情況的情況: 關系詞在從句中作介詞的賓語時關系詞在從句中作介詞的賓語時.e.g. The games in which he compet-ed were swimming and shooting.2.

7、如有兩個定語從句如有兩個定語從句,其中一句的關系其中一句的關系詞是詞是that,另一句宜用另一句宜用which.e.g Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.3. 引導非限制性定語從句時引導非限制性定語從句時.e.g. 1) The weather turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expect.2) Carol said the work would be done by Octo

8、ber, which personally I doubt very much. IV. 在在 suchas, so/as.as 結構中結構中e.g. A. Here is so big a stone as I cant carry . B. Such money as he earned was spent on wine and tobacco. C. We ought to make friends with such people as are kind and hard working. 注意：在注意：在such that 中，中，that是連是連詞，不擔任成分，連接結果狀語從句。

9、詞，不擔任成分，連接結果狀語從句。e.g. 1.He made such rapid progress _he began to talk freely with a foreigner. 2.He made such rapid progress_his teacher had expected.V. 在在the same as , the samethat 中，中，as所講的事物是相似，所講的事物是相似，that 所講的事物所講的事物是同一個。是同一個。e.g. A. This is the same bag as I lost yesterday. B. This is the same

10、 bag that I lost yesterday.thatasVI. Whose = of which / of whom e.g. A. Look at the house whose roof is red. =Look at the house of which the roofis red.=Look at the house the roof of which is red.B. The man whose car was stolen went to the police station. = The man of whom the car was stolen went to

11、 the police station. =The man the car of whom was stolen went to the police station. Eg: Emma is wearing a new coat, _(它的顏色很普通它的顏色很普通). _(它的樣式很休閑它的樣式很休閑). _(它的質量很它的質量很 好好). _(它的價格肯定不低它的價格肯定不低).the color of which is ordinary.the style of which is very casual.the quality of which is very high.the pric

12、e of which cant be low.VII. The way作先行詞時：作先行詞時：e.g. I dont like the way (that / in which / 不用）不用）you talk to your mother. VIII. 在非限制性定語從句在非限制性定語從句 中中as， which 的區別的區別:1、相同點、相同點:在非限制性定語從句在非限制性定語從句 中，兩個中，兩個關系代詞都可以指代關系代詞都可以指代,修飾前面整個句子修飾前面整個句子.e.g. Bamboo is hollow , which makes it very light. B. They di

13、d rather badly in the maths exam, which was not what I had expected. C. He is a teacher, as is clear from his manner.D. She was terrified, as I could see from her eyes. 2. 不同點：不同點：As 多用于一些固定結構中，可譯為多用于一些固定結構中，可譯為“正如正如”As we know, As is known to all, As is reported, As anybody can see, As is usual , A

14、s was expected, 3. As 在非限制性定語從句中作主語時，在非限制性定語從句中作主語時，其后的動詞通常是系動詞，而其后的動詞通常是系動詞，而which 不受此限制。不受此限制。 e.g. A. I watched the TV play yesterday, which pleased me most. B. The president died, as/ which seemed true. 4. As 可用于句首或句尾，可用于句首或句尾，which 只能用于只能用于句尾。句尾。 e.g. A. As we know, water resource is very limit

15、ed on the earth. B._(正如所預料正如所預料的那樣）的那樣）, he did it successfully.C._(正如每個正如每個人都看到的那樣）人都看到的那樣）, great changes have taken place In China. As was expectedAs anybody can see第二：定語從句的關系副詞：第二：定語從句的關系副詞：I.when , where, why 在句中只作狀語在句中只作狀語 ：e.g. 1. This is the town_ I was born. This is the town_ I visited last

16、 week. 2. I will never forget the day _I came to school. I will never forget the day _I spent with you .where whichwhen which 3. This is the reason _he was late. This is the reason _he told me. why that 4. Ill never forget 1976 _was full of sadness. 5. I regret the days _I wasted in the woods. 6. Th

17、is is the factory_produces cars. that / whichthat / which that / which7. This is the factory_ he visited yesterday. 9. The reason_ he raisedat the meeting was turned down. 10.The old lady told him peacefully that the reason _she didnt eat was that she was waiting for the teeth. whythat / which8.Many

18、 people visited the factory_a new kind of car was produced.that / whichwhereII. When, where, why =介詞介詞+關系代詞關系代詞e.g. 1) He said he still remember the day when=_ which he met the girl in the street. 2) Plants grow well in the places where=_ which there is enough sunshine and rain. 3) The old lady told

19、 him peacefully that the reason why =_ which she didnt eat was that she was waiting for the teeth. oninforIII. 當當point, situation , case等詞作先行詞等詞作先行詞表抽象的地點，其后常用表抽象的地點，其后常用where 引導定語引導定語從句，從句，where 在句中作地點狀語。在句中作地點狀語。e.g. A. can you think out a situation where this word can be used?B. Her illness has d

20、eveloped to the point where nobody can cure her. What do you think of teaching,Bob?-I find it fun and challenging. It is a job_ you are doing something serious but interesting. where B. when C. which D. That2. I have reached a point in my life_I am supposed to make decisions of myown. A. which B. wh

21、ere C. how D. why3. All the neighbours admire the family_the parents are treating their child like a friend . why B. where C. which D. that4. Bungee jumping is an adventuroussport,popular with young adults,_courage matters more than strength. whose B. that C. of which D. where5. The country is now h

22、eading for a future_culture diversity is appreciated and celebrated（頌揚）（頌揚）. that B. which C. where D. whether6. The car was in a state_it was beyound repair. A. when B. where C. that D. whoseIV.關系代詞前的介詞關系代詞前的介詞 的選用原則：的選用原則：只有只有which , whom , whose 前面可以用前面可以用介詞。介詞。1、根據先行詞與介詞的搭配習慣：、根據先行詞與介詞的搭配習慣：e.g.

23、 A. This is the reason _ which he is leaving so soon. B. There can be few streets in London _ which you can not buy books. C. The house _ which Luxun once lived is a school now. forininD. He said he still remember the day _which he met the girl in the steet.E. Have you visited the farm_whichhis fath

24、er work? F. Mary put up a question_which nobody could find out the answer. ononto2. 根據從句中的動詞詞組的需要：根據從句中的動詞詞組的需要：e.g. A. He went to watch the footprint about which he thought every day. B. The teacher loved his students _ whom he was strict. C. Mary showed me around the factory _ which she had talked

25、 before. withofD. Whos the comrade _ whom you just shook hands? E. Is this the dictionary _ which you paid seven yuan . F. She cant find a person _ whom she wants to turn for help. withfortoG.The teacher reminded the students the word_which they didnt pay attention.toB. The colourless gas _ which do

26、ctors can make the patients out of danger is called oxygen. C. The colourless gas _which we cant live is called oxygen. withwithout3. 根據句子的意義來確定：根據句子的意義來確定：e.g. A. The colourless gas _ which fire can burn much better is called oxygen. inD.The pen_ which he wrote was missing at last.withC. The manage

27、r in whose company Mr. Li worked looked down upon women. B. The boss in whose department Mr. King worked called at the hospital. A. In the office I never seem to have time until after5:30pm, by which time many people have gone home. 注意注意1：注意注意2：part of whom/ which e.g. There are 23 students in our c

28、lass , _ _（他們全部）（他們全部） love Emma deeply. B. _（他們大多數）（他們大多數） do well in English. C. _(他們中的一些他們中的一些)speak Japanese . D._ （他們中的幾個）（他們中的幾個）have been to Nanjing .all of whommost of whomsome of whoma few of whome.g. Every student has many books,_A. most of which are textbooks. B. some of which are referen

29、ce books. C. none of which are novels . D. the majority of which are English books. E. several of which are borrowed from the library. v、定語從句的主謂一致性：關系代詞在、定語從句的主謂一致性：關系代詞在從句中作主語時，從句的謂語從句中作主語時，從句的謂語 必須與必須與先行詞一致：先行詞一致：e.g. A. She is one of the best girls who _part in the game. B. She is the (only) one

30、of the best girls Who_ part in the game. taketakesC. Titanic is one of the most wonderful movies that_ been produced in Hollywood. D. Titanic is the (only)one of the most wonderful movies that_ been produced in Hollywood. havehasVI. 定語從句的分隔現象。定語從句的分隔現象。 The film broght the hours back to me _I was taken goo