1、 一、形容詞一、形容詞(一一) 定義定義: 用來修飾名詞，表示人或事物用來修飾名詞，表示人或事物的性質、特征、狀態或屬性。的性質、特征、狀態或屬性。(二二) 用法：用法：A. 名詞、代詞前，復合不定代詞后。名詞、代詞前，復合不定代詞后。a tall tree, the black one, something new, anybody elseB. 系動詞后。系動詞后。be(是是), become(成為成為), look(看起來看起來), seem(看起來看起來), sound(聽聽起來起來), taste(嘗起來嘗起來), smell(聞起來聞起來), feel(摸起來摸起來), get,

2、turn, grow (變得變得), keep, remain, stay (保持保持) The cakes taste good and sell well. The shop stays open till 23:00.C. 不能用在名詞前做定語的形容詞。不能用在名詞前做定語的形容詞。well (健康的健康的), ill (生病的生病的), afraid (害怕害怕的的), alone (獨自的獨自的), awake (醒著的醒著的), alive (活著的活著的), asleep (睡著的睡著的)The boy is ill / sick. a sick boyThe baby is a

3、sleep / sleeping. a sleeping babyThe fish is alive / living.a living fishD. 由由“數詞數詞+名詞單數名詞單數(+形容詞形容詞)”構成構成的形容詞。的形容詞。a 10-metre-long rooman 8-year-old girla 5-foot-tall boya 20-floor buildingan 800-word compositiona 7-day holiday比較：比較：The girl is 8 years old.E. -ing形容詞和形容詞和-ed形容詞。形容詞。-ing形容詞表示形容詞表示“令

4、人令人的的”-ed形容詞表示形容詞表示“感到感到的的”exciting 令人興奮的令人興奮的excited 感到興奮的感到興奮的surprising令人驚訝的令人驚訝的surprised感到驚訝的感到驚訝的interesting 有趣的有趣的interested 感興趣的感興趣的worrying 令人擔憂的令人擔憂的 worried 感到擔憂的感到擔憂的tiring 令人疲倦的令人疲倦的tired 感到疲倦的感到疲倦的frightening 令人害怕的令人害怕的 frightened 感到害怕的感到害怕的1. We all like Miss Wang. I agree with you. S

5、he always makes her English classes _. A. interestedB. interest C. interesting2. They all looked _ at the teacher and felt very _. A. sad, sadB. sadly, sadly C. sad, sadlyD. sadly, sad 二、副詞二、副詞(一一) 定義定義: 表示行為或狀態特征的詞，用表示行為或狀態特征的詞，用來修飾動詞，形容詞或其他副詞。來修飾動詞，形容詞或其他副詞。The old man walks slowly.The boy is play

6、ing happily.Im very pleased to see you.Tom draws very / quite well.(二二) 分類分類:時間副詞時間副詞now, today, recently頻度副詞頻度副詞always, often, seldom地點副詞地點副詞outside, upstairs, here方式副詞方式副詞quickly, easily, luckily程度副詞程度副詞 very, quite, rather, too, so疑問副詞疑問副詞when, where, why, how關系副詞關系副詞where, when (定語從句中定語從句中)連接副詞連

7、接副詞where, when (賓語從句中賓語從句中)(三三) 用法用法:1. 形容詞形容詞+ly可構成副詞。可構成副詞。carefully, slowly, suddenly, badly, really, happily, angrily (good well)* 形容詞和副詞同形的：形容詞和副詞同形的：fast, high, deep, hard, early, late I like fast food.He runs fast.It is hard work.We work hard.* 以以-ly結尾的形容詞：結尾的形容詞：friendly, lively, lovely, lon

8、ely2. 兼有兩種形式的副詞。兼有兩種形式的副詞。 hard 努力地努力地 late 晚地晚地 hardly 幾乎不幾乎不 lately 最近最近 deep 深地深地(具體具體) high 高地高地(具體具體) deeply 深深地深深地(抽象抽象) highly 高地高地(抽象抽象) wide 寬地寬地(具體具體) widely 廣泛地廣泛地(抽象抽象) I came to school late today. I havent heard from her lately. The hole is 5 meters deep. We are deeply moved by the film

9、.1. While we were watching the play, I _ noticed a man with a funny look. A. usuallyB. suddenly C. quicklyD. carefully2. Alice _ eat meat so that he can keep herself from getting too fat. A. rarely B. always C. nearly D. carefully3. Mrs. Smith has a cute baby. It often smiles at people _. A. friendl

10、yB. lovely C. happilyD. lively4. If you dont work _ enough, I dont think your dream will come _. A. hardly, trulyB. hardly, true C. hard, trueD. hard, truly5. A frog cant dive _ into the water and a bee cant fly _ in the sky. A. deep, highB. deep, highly C. deeply, highly D. deeply, high6. Those toy

11、s for children look _ and sell _. A. good, lovelyB. lovely, good C. well, lovelyD. lovely, well3. 重點詞匯講解。重點詞匯講解。1) enough 足夠的足夠的用在名詞前用在名詞前(或后或后)，形容詞、副詞后。，形容詞、副詞后。 I dont have enough money. Wendy is not old enough to drive. He didnt run fast enough to catch the bus.2) how soon 多快，多久以后多快，多久以后對將來時中的對將來

12、時中的“in+時間段時間段”提問。提問。Ill come back in 3 days.How soon will you come back?3) much too+形形/副副 實在太，極其實在太，極其 too much+不可數名詞不可數名詞 太多太多u Its much too cold today.u Dont eat too much ice cream.4) ago 以以現在現在時間為起點的時間為起點的“以前以前”。 before 以以過去過去時間為起點的時間為起點的“以前以前” The meeting began 5 minutes ago. He said that the me

13、eting had begun 5 minutes before.5) too, as well, also 用于肯定句中。用于肯定句中。 either 用于否定句中。用于否定句中。u You like it. I like it, too. = I also like it. = I like it as well.u You dont like it. I dont like it, either.6) so + adj./adv. 如此，這樣如此，這樣 such + a/an + adj. + n. 如此，這樣如此，這樣 = so + adj. + a/an + n. You are s

14、o foolish. He ran so fast. It is such a nice day.= It is so nice a day.sothat 如此如此以至于以至于suchthat 如此如此以至于以至于 Mike is so clever that we all like him. Mike is so clever a boy that we all like him. Mike is such a clever boy that we all like him.so和和many, much, few, little連用。連用。 Tom ate so much food. The

15、re are so few people in the street. There is so little water in the bottle. Its hard for such a little girl to do so much work.7) tooto, sothat, enough to 形形/副副 + enough + to do 足夠足夠去做去做too + 形形/副副 + to do 太太而不能而不能so + 形形/副副 + that + 從句從句 如此如此以至于以至于Im not old enough to drive.Im too young to drive.Im

16、 so young that I cant drive. Tom is not old enough to go to school.= Tom is _ _ _ go to school.= Tom is _ _ _ he _ go to school.too youngtosothatyoungcant The elephant is too big to go through the door.= The elephant isnt _ _ _ go through the door.= The elephant is _ _ _ it _ go through the door.sma

17、llenoughtosothatbigcant1. You study _ hard _ youre sure to pass the exam. Thank you for saying so. A. enoughtoB. asas C. sothat2. Whose T-shirt is this? It _ be Johns. Its _ small for him. A. cant, much too B. cant, too much C. mustnt, much too D. mustnt, too much3. Tom is _ to answer the question c

18、orrectly. A. too clever B. so clever C. clever enough D. cleverer enough4. Mum, I think Im _ to get back to school. Not really, my dear. Youd better stay at home for another day or two. A. so wellB. so good C. well enoughD. good enough5. Can you believe that in _ a rich country there should be _ man

19、y poor people? A. such, suchB. so, so C. such, soD. so, such6. She told us _ that we all forgot about the time. A. such an interesting B. such interesting a C. so an interesting D. a so interesting7. They are _ little boys that they could not do it by themselves. A. soB. such C. muchD. less8. He kno

20、ws _ little English that he cant make himself understood. A. soB. such C. muchD. less4. 重點句型重點句型 asasas + adj. / adv. (原級原級) + as 一樣一樣 Im as tall as he / him. My hair is as long as yours. He runs as fast as I / me. Kate writes as carefully as Tom.not as / so + adj. / adv. + as 不如不如 Im not as tall as

21、 he / him. = Im shorter than he / him. = He is taller than I / me. English is as important as Chinese. (否定句否定句) English is not as / so important as Chinese. = Chinese is _ _ than English. = English is _ _ than Chinese.moreimportantlessimportant(改成同義句改成同義句)moreimportantlessimportant1. Paul isnt as _

22、as Sandy. He often makes mistakes in his homework. A. carelessB. more careful C. careful D. more careless2. Steve is good at writing short stories. So he is. But he writes _ than us. So he cant get good grades in writing. A. most carefully B. more carefully C. less carefully D. least carefully三、形容詞和

23、副詞的比較級、最高級。三、形容詞和副詞的比較級、最高級。(一一) 構成：構成： 規則變化規則變化1. 加加er，est：tall taller tallest2. 以以e結尾，加結尾，加r，st：nice - nicer - nicest3. 輔音輔音 + y，y改改i加加er，est： happy - happier - happiest4. 重讀閉音節，且末尾只有一個輔音字母。重讀閉音節，且末尾只有一個輔音字母。雙寫該字母，再加雙寫該字母，再加er，est： big - bigger - biggest fat, thin, hot, wet, red5. 多音節詞，現在分詞和過去分詞構成

24、的形多音節詞，現在分詞和過去分詞構成的形容詞，容詞，ful和和less結尾的形容詞，結尾的形容詞，ly結尾的副結尾的副詞（除去詞（除去early - earlier - earliest）前加）前加more，most：important - more - most careful - more - most slowly - more - most tired - more - most boring - more - most 不規則變化不規則變化good / wellbetterbestill / bad / badlyworseworstmany / muchmore mostlittl

25、elessleastfar （具體）（具體）fartherfarthest（抽象）（抽象）furtherfurthestold （than） olderoldest（than）eldereldest比較：比較： Your home is farther than mine. Lets have a further discussion. I am older than you. She is my older / elder sister.(二二) 比較級的用法：比較級的用法：1. 用于兩者間的比較。用于兩者間的比較。(than) This pen is better than that on

26、e. English is more important than French. French is less important than English. Tom runs more slowly than you.2. 比較級比較級 + and +比較級比較級 “越來越越來越” The weather is colder and colder. Shenyang is more and more beautiful.3. the + 比較級，比較級，the + 比較級。比較級。 越越，越，越The sooner, the better.The more he eats, the fat

27、ter hell be.The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.The harder you study, the more easily you will find a job.4. the + 比較級比較級 + of the two She is the younger of the two girls. Im the older of the two.5. 可用可用a little, a bit, much, far, a lot, even, still, any來修飾比較級。來修飾比較級。 Im a bit

28、 taller than he. A plane travels much faster than a train. He is not a child any longer.1. The bread is delicious. It must taste _ with some jam in it. A. goodB. well C. betterD. best2. _ junk food he eats, _ he feels. A. Much, badB. Many, badly C. The more, bader D. The more, the worse1. Which ocea

29、n is _, the Atlantic or the Pacific? The Pacific. A. deep B. deeper C. deepest D. more deeper2. Please read every sentence _. The more _ you are, the fewer mistakes youll make. A. carefully, careful B. careful, careful C. careful, carefully3. She is _ older than she looks. A. a lot ofB. very C. quit

30、eD. far4. How are you feeling today? Much _. I can go to school next week. A. goodB. better C. bestD. well(三三) 最高級的用法：最高級的用法：1. 用于三者或三者以上比較。用于三者或三者以上比較。表示范圍：表示范圍：in（異類比較），（異類比較），of / among（同類比較）。（同類比較）。 She is the cleverest in her class. She is the cleverest of / among the ten. Shanghai is the bigge

31、st city in China. Shanghai is the biggest of / among the three cities.2. one of 后面。后面。 China is one of the oldest countries in the world.3. 序數詞后面。序數詞后面。 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. Tom is the third tallest in our school.4. 形容詞最高級前加形容詞最高級前加the，副詞最高級，副詞最高級前通常省略。前通常省略。 Who runs fastest in your class? I like P.E. best.5. most