1、而把主語從句名詞性從句講解在復合句中起名詞作用的從句叫做名詞性從句。它包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。名詞性從句是中學階段的一個重要語法工程，在歷年的高考中幾乎都涉及到，并且每年的命題各有變化。分析歷屆高考試題名詞性從句考查的焦點主要有以下六個方面1. 考查名詞性從句的語序問題2. 考查引導詞that與what的區別3. 考查it在名詞性從句中作形式主語或形式賓語的用法4. 考查 whether與if的區別5. 考查名詞性從句中的疑問詞+ever引導的名詞性從句與no matte葉疑問詞引導的狀語從句的區別6. 考查名詞性從句的虛擬語氣問題語法要點剖析一、名詞性從句主語從句、表語

2、從句、賓語從句、同位語從句，在整個句子中所起的作用，相當于一個名詞。因此，這四種從句通稱為名詞性從句。名詞性從句成分的劃分是根據句子在句中的位置劃分的。任何一個句子一旦位于某個成分的位置上，它就成了相應的從句。試分析以下從句屬于什么類型的名詞性從句。1 Whether he will come or not is unknown.=It is unknown whether he will come or not.2 I don t know whether he will come or not .3 The questi on is whether he will come or not

3、.4 The questi on whether he will come or not is not settled.引導名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：連接詞：that, whether, if不充當從句的任何成分連接代詞：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.在從句中充當主語，賓語，表語，定語連接副詞：whe n, where, how, why在從句中充當狀語1. 主語從句作句子主語的從句叫主語從句。主語從句通常由附屬連詞that，whether， if和連接代詞 what，who， which，whatever， whoeve

4、r 以及連接畐 U 詞 how， when , where， why 等詞引導。that 在句中無 詞義， 只起連接作用，放在句首不能省略但當主語從句位于句尾時可以省略；連接代詞和連接副詞在句中既保存自己的疑問含義、又起連接作用，在從句中充當從句的成分。主語從句中主句謂語用單數。例如：1That anyone becomes successful without the assista nee of others is rare.=It is rare that anyone becomes successful without the assista nee of others2 Wheth

5、er it rains or shines makes no differenee to proactive people.不能用 if3 It depe nds upon hard work more tha n luck whether if you can succeed in making your dream come true.4 Whoever wants to reach a dista nt goal must take many small steps .5 Whoever n eglect lear ning in his youth loses the past and

6、 is dead for the future.年輕時無視學業的人失去了過去，更葬送了未來。6 Whatever you love and trust in this world loves you in return.7 How a person masters his fate is more important than what his fate is .一個人如何掌握命運比他的命運本身更重要。8 Love is like wi ne ,frie ndship a flower ,and blood relati on ship water. Whether we can own lo

7、ve andfrien dship is all predest in ed.愛情是酒，友誼是花，親情似水。酒醉酒醒，花開花落，皆因一個緣字有時為防止句子頭重腳輕，常用形式主語it代替主語從句作形式主語放于句首，置于句末。主語從句后的謂語動詞一般用單數形式。如例1,2常用句型如下：(1) It + be + 名詞 + that 從句(2) It + be + 形容詞 + that 從句(3) It + be +動詞的過去分詞 + that從句(4) It +不及物動詞+ that從句另注意在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、理應如此等語氣時，謂語動詞要用虛擬語 氣“ (should) +d

8、o，常用的句型有:It is n ecessary (importa nt, n atural, stra n ge, etc.) thatIt is a pity (a shame, no won der, etc.) thatIt is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that 主語從句練習一、單項填空I. makes this shop differe nt is that it offers more pers onal services.A. What B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever2 fash

9、i on differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differe n ces from one aspect.A. What B. That C. This D. Which3 we ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where4 It is pretty well un derstood con trols the flow of carb on dioxide in and out the atmosph

10、eretoday.A. that B. whe n C. what D. how5 It worried her a bither hair was tur ning gray.A. while B. that C. if D. for6 It is none of your bus in ess other people think about you. Believe yourself.A. how B. what C. which D. whe n7. It has bee n provedeati ng vegetables in childhood helps to protect

11、you aga inst seriousill n ess in later life.A. if B. because C. whe n D. that8. wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.A. Anyone B. The one C. Whoever D. Who9. is known to us all is that the 2021 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.A. It B. What C. As D. Which10. was most importa nt

12、to her, she told me, was her family.A. It B. This C. What D. AsII. some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.A.Whether B.What C. That D. How12. It never occurred to me you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.A. which B. what C. that D. if13. It is uncertain sid

13、e effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousandpatie nts have take n it.A. that B. what C. how D. whether14. It is obvious to the students they should get well prepared for their future.A. as B. which C. whether D. that、選擇所給的詞填空例如： Whether there is life on the moon is an in teres

14、t ing questi on.1 (what, that) you dont like him is none of my bus in ess.2 After Yang Liwei succeeded in circli ng the earth, (what, that) our astr on auts desire to do iswalk in space.3. (whatever, whoever, whichever, whomever) leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.4. The Foreig n Mini

15、 ster said,“ (This is, There is, It is) our hope that the two sides towardspeace.5. (whether, if) he will join us wont make too much differe nee.6. (whatever, whoever, whichever, whomever) of you comes in will receive a prize.7. (it, that) makes no differe nee whether he will atte nd the meet ing or

16、 not.8. (how, why) this happe ned is not clear to anyone.9. (wherever, whe never) you are is my home - my only home.10. It is certa in(that/ whether) she will do well in her exam.1. 1- 5ABBCB 6-10BDCBC 11- 14BCBD11. 1. That 2. what 3. Whoever 4. It is 5. Whether 6. Whichever 7. It8. How 9. Wherever

17、10. that2. 賓語從句名詞句用作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。引導賓語從句的關聯詞與引導主語從句表語從句的關聯詞大致一樣，在句中可以作謂語動詞或介詞及非謂語動詞的賓語。1) .由連接詞that引導的賓語從句由連接詞that引導賓語從句時，that在句中不擔任任何成分，在口語或非正式的文體中常被省去，但如從句是并列句時，第二個分句前的that不可省。例如：Most people say that their main fault is a lack of self-discipli ne.We must n ever thi nk (that) we are good in everyth in

18、g while others are good in nothing.我們決不能認為自己什么都好，別人什么都不好。注意： 在 dema nd、order、suggest decide、in sist, desire, dema nd, request, comma nd 等表示要求、命 令、 建議、決定等意義的動詞后，賓語從句常用a( should )+動詞原形。例如：I in sist that she (should) do her work alo ne.我堅持要她自己工作。The comma n der ordered that troops (should) set off at o

19、n ce.司令員命令部隊馬上出發。2) .用 who , whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等關 聯詞引導的賓語從句相當于特殊疑問句，應注意句子語序要用陳述語序。例如： You can choose to be excelle nt in whatever you do .Whe n ever I am struck dow n, I will always inquire of myself how I can turn that adversity into good .

20、 每當我被擊敗時，我總是問我自己如何可以變逆境為順境。I wa nt to kn ow what he has told you.我想知道他告訴了你什么。When you are in trouble, you will find out who your real friends are .She will give whoever needs help a warm support.凡需要幫助的人，她都會給予熱情的支持。3) .用whether或if引導的賓語從句，其主語和謂語的順序也不能顛倒，仍保持陳述句語序Attitude determ ines whether (if) people

21、 are successful and able to enjoy life.此外，whether與if在作 是否的意思講時在以下情況下一般只能用whether，不用if:a.引導主語從句并在句首時；b.引導表語從句時；c .引導從句作介詞賓語時；d.從句后有“ or not 時；e.后接 動詞不定式時。月球上有沒有生命是個有趣的問題。Everyth ing depe nds on whether we have eno ugh mon ey.一切要看我們是否有足夠的錢。4) .注意賓語從句中的時態照應，當主句動詞是現在時，從句根據自身的句子情況，而使用例如：I know he studies

22、 En glish every day.(從句用一般現在時)I know he studied En glish last term.(從句用一般過去時 )I know (that) he will study En glish next year.(從句用一般將來時)I know he has studied En glish si nee 1998.(從句用現在完成時)當主句動詞是過去時態“could, would 除外)，從句那么要用相應的過去時態，如一般過去時，過去進行時，過去將來時等；當從句表示的是客觀真理，科學原理，自然現象，那么從句仍用現在時八態。例如： The teacher

23、told us that Tom had left us for America .5.) th ink, believe, imag ine, suppose等等動詞引起的否認性賓語從句中，要把上述主句中的動詞變為否認式。即將從句中的否認形式移到主句中。例如： We don t thi nk you are here. 我們認為你不在這。I don t believe hell do so.我相信他不會這樣做。1、We cannot figure out quite a nu mber of in sects, birds, and ani mals are dying out. A. th

24、at B.as C. why D. whe n2、I think Father would like to know I ve been up to so far, so I decide toce n dteim a qA. which B. whyC. whatD. how3、A moder n city has bee n set up in was a wastela nd ten years ago.A. what B. whichC. that D. where4、 The road is covered with sno w. I canand t undefeey in sis

25、t on going by motorbike.A. why B. Whether C. whe n D. how5、Do you know your parents are pleased you ve done?A. why; for whatB. how; with whatC. that; with whichD. how; for what6、We don t know.A. this is whose dict ionaryB. whose dicti onary is thisC. whose dicti onary this isD. whose is this dict io

26、nary7、Can you tell me get to the railway stati on?A. how can IB. what I canC. how I canD. where I can8、He was n ever satisfied with or proud ofhe had achieved.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. all which9、It is gen erally con sidered un wise to give a child he or she wan ts.A. however B. whatever C. whichever

27、D. whereverlikes the gift given by us.A. that B. if C. whether D. 不填10、 He wan ted to make sure6. The reason isI missed the bus.A. how we went there by bus B. where did we goC. what did we go there D. whe n we went there11、 He was lucky eno ugh to sell his car for exactly .A. where he had paid for i

28、tB. what he had paid for itC. what he was paid for itD. which he had paid for it12、He asked me with me.A . what the matter isB. what the matter wasC. what s the matter D . what was the matter13、The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make it is .A. what B.

29、 which C. how D. where14、I won dered .A. what does he think of the resultB. what he thi nks of the problemC. how he dealt with the problemD. how did he like the result15、With his camera , he kept taking pictures _ he did and saw .A. where B. that C. of whichD. of whatA. that B. when C. why D. what7.

30、 That is we were late last time.A. that B. when C. why D. what8. She looked she were ten years younger.A. that B. like C. as D. as though9. I fell sick!-I think it is you are doing too much.A. why B. when C. what D. because10. The reason why he hasn tscome .A. because his mother is ill B. because of

31、 his mothers being illC. that his mother is ill D. for his mother is ill5. W hatI wa nt to kn ow isg etting on with your studies.1、C。2、C. 3、A。4、A。5、B 6、C 7、C 8、A 9、B 10、D 11、B 12、D 13、A 14、C 15、D 3.表語從 句在句中作表語的從句叫表語從句。引導表語從句的關聯詞與引導主語從句的關聯詞大致一樣， 表語從句位于連系動詞后，有時用 as if 引導。其根本結構為：主語+系動詞 +從句。例如：The only

32、certainty is that nothing is certain.The miracle is that the more we share ,the more we have .We are what we believe we are . 我們就是我們自己相信的那種人 Need and struggle are what excite and in spire us . 需求和奮斗令我們幸福，并使我們受到鼓勵。 Yesterday is history. Tomorrow is a mystery. Today is a gift. that is why it s called

33、It looks as if it is going to rain.he11. He was born here.-That is he likes the place so much.A. that B. what C. why D. how12. That is Lu Xun once lived.A. what B. where C. that D. why that/what 的區別1. your father wants to know is _A. What; how are you B. That ; how you are需要注意的，當主語是 reason 時，表語從句要用

34、that 引導而不是 because 例如： The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morningC. How ; that you are D. What ; how you are2. The trouble is we are short of tools.表語從句India by ColumbusA. what B. that C. how D. why that3. America was was first calledthe prese nt A. whatB. whe

35、re C. the place D. there where4. China is becoming stronger and stronger. It is no longerA. what it used to be B. what it was used to beingC. what it used to being D. what it was used to be1. The question is we will have our sports meet next week.A. that B. if C. when D. whether2. The reason why he

36、failed is he was too careless.A. because B. that C. for D. because of3. Go and get your coat. It s you left itA. where B. there C. there where D. where there4. The problem is to take the place of TedA. who can we get B. what we can getC. who we can get D. that we can get5. he really means is he disa

37、grees with us.A. What that B. That - whatC. What what D. That what6. The energy ismakes the cells able to do their work.A. that B. which C. what D. such高考練習1 I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week .Is that you had a few days off ? ( NMET1999 )A. why B .what C. when D. where2had neither a rainc

38、oat nor an umbrella I got wet through. 1998 上海A. It s the reason B. That s why C. There s why D. It s how3. See the flags on top of the building? That was _ we did this morning. 06 全國A. when B. which C. where D. what4. Are you still thi nking about yesterday s gAAW ?003-Oh, that s .A. what makes me

39、feel excited B. whatever I feel excited aboutC. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited5. What surprised me was not what he said but he said it. 2004 湖北A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which答案 DBACCACDDCCBthaVwhat 的區別 DBAAAC高考練習 ABDAA4. 同位語從句同位語從句說明其前面的名詞的具體內容。同位語從句通常由 that

40、引導，可用于同位語從句的名詞有 advice dema nd 、doubt fact hope idea in formati on 、 messaga n ews order problem promise question 、 request suggestion 、 truth wish word 等。例女口：I have no idea what is despair.I have a dream that one day the rough place will be made plain.同位語從句和定語從句的區別：that 作為關系代詞，可以引導定語從句，充當句子成分，在從句中作

41、賓語時可以省略；that 引導同位語從句時，起連詞的作用，沒有實際意義，不充當句子成分，一般不能省略。試比擬下面兩個例句：I had no idea that you were here . that 引導同位語從句，不能省略Have you got the idea that this book gives you of life in ancient Greece ?that 弓丨導定語從句，作賓 語，可以省略2021 高考真題題組練習 名詞性從句1. 課標全國 1, 24 It s by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.A. howB. whichC. thatD. what2. 天津， 9 It doesn t matter you turight or left at the crossing both roads lead to thepark.A. whethe