1、1高考英語專題復習高考英語專題復習-完形填空解題技巧完形填空解題技巧24.4.大多富有大多富有積極的教育意義積極的教育意義，給人以人生，給人以人生的的啟迪啟迪或是充滿了生活情趣；或是充滿了生活情趣；3 沒有嚴格遵循答題步驟沒有嚴格遵循答題步驟: :很多考生一拿到很多考生一拿到完形填空題就急于選擇答案，不認真分析完形填空題就急于選擇答案，不認真分析通篇文章，通篇文章，單純求快單純求快，忽略語篇理解忽略語篇理解，只，只看局部的詞義辨析、搭配和語法結構。表看局部的詞義辨析、搭配和語法結構。表面上解題速度挺快，但是這種面上解題速度挺快，但是這種見樹不見林見樹不見林的做法只會影響解題的質(zhì)量和效率。的做法

2、只會影響解題的質(zhì)量和效率。為什么我們在這一題型上總是失分較多為什么我們在這一題型上總是失分較多? ?切記切記: :一定要用一定要用2-32-3分鐘時間分鐘時間先進行先進行缺詞缺詞閱讀閱讀, ,弄清文章大意和基本脈絡后再著弄清文章大意和基本脈絡后再著手逐個填空手逐個填空. .42. 2. 不注意不注意積累積累答題技巧答題技巧: : a.a.忽略文章忽略文章首句首句的提示作用；的提示作用； b.b.忽略文章中忽略文章中上下文之間的照應上下文之間的照應關系關系; ; c.c.遇到長句不注意遇到長句不注意分析句子結構分析句子結構, ,在在語義模糊時抱碰運氣的心理隨意作出語義模糊時抱碰運氣的心理隨意作出

3、選擇選擇. .5 3 3. .時間安排不當時間安排不當: :在幾個選項上在幾個選項上過分糾過分糾纏纏，追求完美，導致許多本可以做出，追求完美，導致許多本可以做出的題來不及做。的題來不及做。切記切記: :正確的做法是正確的做法是由易到難由易到難，先做會做，先做會做 的，再考慮較難的。的，再考慮較難的。強烈推薦強烈推薦：如尚有幾題題目不確定可將某：如尚有幾題題目不確定可將某題的題的可能的兩項填入空格可能的兩項填入空格, , 然后快速地整然后快速地整句整段地默讀句整段地默讀, , 選擇某一項習慣或短語或選擇某一項習慣或短語或動賓搭配讀起來較流暢的動賓搭配讀起來較流暢的. .67細讀文章的第一句話細讀

4、文章的第一句話 高考完形填空選文的第一句話通常是高考完形填空選文的第一句話通常是完整的。該句往往就是主題句完整的。該句往往就是主題句（Topic Topic SentenceSentence），這就為我們理解文章的內(nèi)），這就為我們理解文章的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系提供了一個在聯(lián)系提供了一個“窗口窗口”，它的句意，它的句意往往為往往為全文提供中心信息全文提供中心信息，能直接概括，能直接概括全文大意、揭示主題。全文大意、揭示主題。 充分重視首句的標示作用，利用它為充分重視首句的標示作用，利用它為解題找到一個突破口，據(jù)此展開思維，解題找到一個突破口，據(jù)此展開思維，爭取開局勝利爭取開局勝利。8 對于對于敘事，描述類敘

5、事，描述類文章。短文的文章。短文的首句首句，往往點明故事發(fā)生的往往點明故事發(fā)生的人物人物(who),時間時間（when），地點），地點(where)，和事件，和事件(what)等背景等背景情況。例：情況。例： It was a busy morning，about 8:30,when an elderly gentleman in his 80s came to the hospital . 2010全國卷（全國卷（I）9 對于對于論述文，首句表明了論述的論述文，首句表明了論述的主題主題。起到揭示主題的作用。例如：。起到揭示主題的作用。例如： A man who knows how to wr

6、ite a personal letter has a very powerful tool. A letter can be enjoyed, read and 21 . . 2010全國卷（全國卷（II）10詞匯題詞匯題高考完形填空高考完形填空考什么？考什么？篇章結構篇章結構(語境語境) 句際關系句際關系111.復現(xiàn)復現(xiàn)詞匯題詞匯題12 1. Mrs. Neidl would ask me for my 37_ . She wanted to know how I thought She believed I had opinions, so I began to .37. A.opini

7、on B.impression C.information D.intentionopinions語境語境-原詞重現(xiàn)原詞重現(xiàn)13Many countries celebrate World Book Day and the 6 is yearly held in different ways. 6. A. performanceB. activity C. celebrationD. design C同根詞復現(xiàn)同根詞復現(xiàn)142. I had some 28 in my pocket, but I would not give them to him, thinking to myself he

8、 would 29（ only） use the money to feed his addiction to drugs or alcohol. 28. A. chocolates B. coins C. tins D. drugs語境語境-同義詞、近義詞復現(xiàn)同義詞、近義詞復現(xiàn)15In this way we can live a(an) 20 life rather than waste time doing meaningless things. 20. A. comfortable B. meaningful C. messy D. emptyB反義詞復現(xiàn)反義詞復現(xiàn)16 復現(xiàn)方面復現(xiàn)方

9、面2. 復現(xiàn)的跨度：復現(xiàn)的跨度： 近距離（較多）近距離（較多） 遠距離（較少）遠距離（較少）17 上下義詞匯關系上下義詞匯關系 總總-分分-關系關系 18A doctor friend, Mr. Lied, told me about a man who came to him with a variety of 6 : headaches, heart trouble and insomnia(失眠癥失眠癥). 6. A. questionsB. reasons C. complaintD. signsD19203. The nurse had him take a 36 in the wa

10、iting area, 37(telling) him it would be at least 40 minutes 38(before) someone would be able to see him . 36 A. breath B. test C. seat D. break語境語境-固定搭配固定搭配take a 3621 3. 3.根據(jù)詞匯的根據(jù)詞匯的意義及用法辨析詞義意義及用法辨析詞義22 4. My father_me to her with these words:“I would like you to meet the fellow who is 36.A.rushed

11、B.sent C.carried D.introduced 語境語境-詞義辨析詞義辨析23例例2 (2016全國卷全國卷)The man who had his bright lights on _48_ and told Larry he had _49_ an emergency call.() 48.A.came down B.came through Ccame in Dcame over24 4. 4.根據(jù)生活常識根據(jù)生活常識及文化背景知識進行選擇及文化背景知識進行選擇25常識、背景知識常識、背景知識6. Born in America , I spoke English not C

12、hinese， the language of my ancestors . When I was three . my parents flashed cards with Chinese 36 at my face , but I pushed them 37 (aside ) , 36. A. custorn B. games C .characters D. language 26271.1.語法手段語法手段2.2.邏輯手段邏輯手段句際關系句際關系1.1.語法手段語法手段288.I then 32（realized ） I had no right to place myself ab

13、ove 33 just because he was busking. 33. A. it B. all C. him D. them語法語法-指代指代299. “ As a policeman,I saw 27 there was violence, drugs were always behind it. They have a damaging 28(impact) on the kids. ” 27. A. where B. unless C. as D. whether 語法語法-句型句型30Fire can help people in many ways. But fire ca

14、n also be very 2 . Big fire can burn trees, houses, animals or people, which can bring severe injuries and even lead to many deaths. 2. A. harmfulB. painful C. useful D. hopefulA語境語境-轉(zhuǎn)折關系轉(zhuǎn)折關系31 11.Bean is a white dog, quite handsome and very 38 . 38. A. smart B.sweet C.slow D.shy語境語境-同類并列關系同類并列關系32

15、12. First of all, a pen should fit comfortably in your hand, . Then the writing point of the pen 52 ,the pen should make a thick, dark line. 52. A. Meanwhile B. Generally C. Afterwards D. Finally語境語境-順序關系順序關系33小結：完型填空考查內(nèi)容小結：完型填空考查內(nèi)容 原詞復現(xiàn)原詞復現(xiàn)同義同義.近義近義反義復現(xiàn)反義復現(xiàn) 指指 代代 句句 型型 并列關系并列關系 轉(zhuǎn)折關系轉(zhuǎn)折關系 解釋關系解釋關系語法項目語法項目 順序關系順序關系 因果關系因果關系詞匯手段詞匯手段語法手段語法手段邏輯手段邏輯手段語篇信息語篇信息（語境理解）（語境理解） 讓步關系讓步關系 固固定定搭搭配配 詞義辨析詞義辨析 文化常識文化常識 34Problem solving strategies注意注意上下文語境上下文語境（context)了解常識背景了解常識背景（common sense）掌握習慣搭配掌握習慣搭配（phrases & idioms）運用詞義辨析運用詞義辨析 （comparison）運用語法分析運用語法分析（grammar analysis)運用邏輯分析運用邏輯分析 (logical a