1、1.be goi ng to +不定式，表示將來(lái)。表示打算、準(zhǔn)備做的事或即將發(fā)生或肯定要發(fā)生的事。 be going to和WiIl相比，be going to通常表示主觀， WiIl通常表示客觀。What are you going to do tomorrow?明天你要做什么？Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.看看這些黑云，將有一場(chǎng)暴風(fēng)雨。It ' S going to be a fine day tomorrow明天將會(huì)是個(gè)好天。It is going to rain. 要下雨了。2“ bto+動(dòng)詞原形”表

2、示按計(jì)劃要發(fā)生的事或征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)。這種結(jié)構(gòu)表示計(jì)劃中約定的或 按職責(zé)、義務(wù)要求必須去做的事或即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。We are to have a meeting next SatUrday. 下個(gè)周日我們有個(gè)會(huì)。The boy is to go to school tomorrow. 這個(gè)男孩明天要去上學(xué)。Are We to go On With this work? 我們繼續(xù)干嗎？The PreSident is to ViSit Chinanext week.總統(tǒng)下周來(lái)訪中國(guó)。3.“ be about tc動(dòng)詞原形”表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，意為：很快，馬上。后面一般不跟時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。這一結(jié)構(gòu)用于表示客

3、觀就要發(fā)生的事，表示馬上就要發(fā)生。一般不再與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。Don' t go out. We ' re about to have a me別出去了，我們很快就開(kāi)會(huì)了。I WaS about to Start When it began to rain. 我剛要出發(fā)就下起雨來(lái)了。He is about to leave for She nyang.他將要離開(kāi)去沈陽(yáng)。We are about to leave. 我們馬上就走。The film is about to begi n.電影馬上就要開(kāi)始了。四注意事項(xiàng)1. be about to不能與tomorrow, next Wee

4、k 等表示明確將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。2. Let '的附加疑問(wèn)通常使用“，shall We ?”Let' S have a rest, shall we?3. 問(wèn)句是“ Shall答句就用“ shall 問(wèn)句用“ Will ?，答句就用“ will 。要前后保持 一致。Shall you go to school next Week ?Yes, I shall . We ' ll have an exam .Will you have an exam tomorrow?Yes, I will. / No, I won' t.簡(jiǎn)析 also, too, as we

5、ll 禾口 either 用法also, too, as well, either,作 也"講，為副詞。下面分別講述:一. too, also, as well :都用于肯定句，表示前者怎樣后者也怎樣。too :一般放在句尾，可用逗號(hào)和前面的句子隔開(kāi)，也可不用；also:其位置大多放在 be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前； asWeH其位置一般放在句尾，三者可以作同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。例如：You n eed to go shopp ing and I n eed to go shopp ing, too.=You n eed to go shopp ing and I also n

6、 eed to go shopp ing.=You n eed to go shopp ing and I n eed to go shopp ing as well.二. either:用于否定句中，表示前者不；后者也不；其位置一般放在句尾。例如:He doesn ” t Wantany coffee, and I don” t Wantany, either.You don ” t know the Way and I don know it： ether.鞏固訓(xùn)練 1. He isSaying,“I don ” t Wantany bread,A. too, also B. also,

7、tooC. either, too D. also, either2.1 _ StUdy En glish and RUSSia n .A. too B. also C. either D. as well3. Not Only the ChiIdren buttheir father is in town.A. too B. also C. either D. as well4. Joh nbelieves that bears hiber nate inWinter.A. also, either B. too, as well C. also, as well D. as well, t

8、oo5. The foreig ner Can SPeak En glish, he Can SPeak FrenCh.A. n either B. also C. either D. as well【參考答案】1. D 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. D動(dòng)詞變名詞1. 在詞尾加er,r ,雙寫(xiě)加er或or:A. play _ player, Sing _ Singer, Wait _ Waiter , find _ finder,thrill _ thrillerB. Write _ writer, drive _ driver, come _ comer, explore _ expl

9、orerdance _ dancerC. run _ runner, Win _ winner, rob _ robber, traval _ travallerD. ViSit _ ViSitor, i nvent _ inven tor2. 在詞尾加ing:build _ build ing, draw _ draw ing, end _ ending, beg in _ begi nning,SWim _ SWimming , Skate _ Skating, feel _ feeling, Say _ Saying, mean _ meaning, cross _ cross ing,

10、SUrf _ SUrfi ng, Paint _ Pain ti ng3. 在詞尾加ion或去e加ion:A. decide _ decision, describe _ description, PrOdUCe _ PrOdUCtion,CeIebrate _ CeIebratiO n,pronounce _ PronUn Ciati on, decorate _ decorati On graduate _ graduati on, frustrate - frustrati on, pollute _ polluti On con tribute _ con tributi on, co

11、n gratulate _ con gratulati on, educate _ educatiOn， Organize _ OrgniZation,donate _ donation, appreciate _ appreciatiOn , OPerate _ OPeration, inVite _ inVitatiOnB. discuss _ discussi on, invent _ inven tio n, attract _ attract ionimpress _ impressi On ,inject _ injectio n,i nstruct _ in StrUCti On

12、4.其它：know _ kno WIedge, PIeaSe _ PIeaSUre, enjoy _ enjoyme nt,PraCtiSe _ PraCtiCe , die _ death, SUCCeed _ success, Weigh _ weight,Sit _ deat, Change _ Chance, enter _ entrance,fly _ flight,rob _ robbery, discover _ discovery , faile _ failure,appear _ appearance,breathe _ breath動(dòng)詞變形容詞第一，后面加 able, a

13、fford affordable ;以 e 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞則去 e 力口 able, love lovable :表示具有此性質(zhì)、特點(diǎn)或?qū)傩浴５诙竺婕?ed, SCatter SCattered ;以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞則直接加d, use USed:表示被動(dòng)性的屬性或特點(diǎn)。第三，不規(guī)則的動(dòng)詞則必須記憶，記住其過(guò)去分詞形式規(guī)律不大，意義同上。第四，后面加ing, run running , die dying,變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)在分詞形式，有的去 e加ing,有的雙 寫(xiě)加ing,有的改為y加ing,規(guī)律同現(xiàn)在分詞，表示有正在主動(dòng)的進(jìn)行的屬性或特點(diǎn)。1. 詞尾加ful:USe - useful, Care - ca

14、reful, help - helpful,tha nk - tha nkfulPeaCe - peaceful, forget - forgetful, play - playful,SUCCeed - successful, Won der - Won derful2. 詞尾加d或ed:PIeaSe - pleased, Un ite - Un ited, excite - excited,SUrPriSe - surprised, organize - organized, close - closed,WoUnd - WoUn ded, relax - relaxed,develop

15、- developed,appreciate - appreciated,frustrate - frustrated,in terest - in terested, annoy - anno yed, USe - used,frighten - frightened, crowd - crowded, thrill - thrilled, pollute - polluted 3.詞尾加ing: interest - interesting, SUrPriSe - SUrPriSing, excite - exciting develop - developing, frighten -

16、frightening,thrill - thyrilling frustrate - frustrati ng, relax _ relax in g, live - livi ng rock - rock ing, sleep - sleep ing4. 詞尾變y為i,加 ed:worry - worried, marry - married,fry - fried, terrify - terrifiedSatiSfy - SatiSfied5. 詞尾加able:know - kno WIedgeable, enjoy - enjoyabe,suit - SUitabIeadjust -

17、 adjustable, comfort - comfortable6. 其它：lose - lost, fool - foolish, live - lively / alive /livi ng,sleep - SIeePy / sleep ing / asleep,wake - awake, taste - tastySPeak - spoke n, break - broke n, die - dead, educate - aducati On al, world - worldwide形容詞變副詞規(guī)律小結(jié)規(guī)則變化范圍變化規(guī)則例詞大部分形容詞加lyCareIeSS-carelessl

18、yquietquietlydifferent-differe ntly以le結(jié)尾的形容詞變Ie為IyPOSSibIePOSSibIy terrible-terribly comfortable-comfortably gentle-gen tlySimPIe-SimPIy以y結(jié)尾的形容詞變y為ilyeasy-easily angry-_-an grily noisy-noisily happyhappily heavy-heavily healthyhealthily不規(guī)則變化本身既是形容詞也是副詞，無(wú)需改變fast-fast early-early high-high hard-hard latelate far-far Wide-Wide alone-alone形容詞和副詞為完全不同的單詞good-well初中階段唯一一個(gè)需要去掉字母e的單詞true-truly雖然以Iy結(jié)尾，但卻是形容詞，不能直接用 來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞frien dly lively lovely Ion ely LikeIy有些形容詞本身即為副詞，同時(shí)也有加Iy的副詞形式。但加不加Iy意思不一樣，使用時(shí)需注 意wide（形容詞，寬闊的，睜大的）-wide（副詞，睜大地）widely（副詞， 廣泛地）,late（形容詞，晚的）late（副詞， 晚地），lately （最近