1、我們我們在學校花園里在學校花園里種種了了20棵棵樹樹。20棵棵樹樹被被我們我們種種在學校花園里了。在學校花園里了。 planted twenty in our school garden.主語主語謂語謂語賓語賓語treesWeTwenty trees were planted by us in our school garden. 主語主語賓語賓語賓變主，把賓變主，把be補；動詞跟，變過分；時與數，都隨主。補；動詞跟，變過分；時與數，都隨主。了解被動語態了解被動語態被動語態構成：被動語態構成：be+P.P2、形式、形式:1) 一般現在時：一般現在時：am/is/are+P.P Bananas

2、are grown in Hainan.(海南種植香焦。）海南種植香焦。）1.英語中有兩種語態，主動語態和被動語態英語中有兩種語態，主動語態和被動語態2)一般過去時：一般過去時：was/were+P.P Were the trees planted by him.這些樹是他種的嗎？這些樹是他種的嗎？3)一般將來時：一般將來時：will +be +p.p Many more trees will be planted in our school next year.（我們學校明年將種更多的樹。）（我們學校明年將種更多的樹。）4) 現在完成時：現在完成時：have/has+been+P.P The

3、 homework has been finished. （家作已經做完了。）（家作已經做完了。） 5）現在進行時態：）現在進行時態：is/am/are+being+P.P The building is being built. (那棟樓房正在建設中。）那棟樓房正在建設中。）v6)had been done 過去完成時過去完成時 vBy the end of last year, another new gymv had been completed in Beijing.v7)was/were being done 過去進行時過去進行時 vA meeting was being held

4、when I was there. v8） should/would be done 過去將來時過去將來時 The news would be sent to the soldiers mother as soon as it arrived.1.1.某些特殊的被動結構某些特殊的被動結構v1）短語動詞的被動）短語動詞的被動vThe baby is taken good care of by them. v注意：短語動詞不分割，不可省略介詞，副詞。注意：短語動詞不分割，不可省略介詞，副詞。va)不及物動詞不及物動詞+介詞介詞+賓語賓語vYou will look after the babyvT

5、he baby will be looked after by you.vb)及物動詞及物動詞+副詞副詞vHe hands in his homework on time every day.vHis homework is handed in on time every day.Eg. He will stop showing off if no notice _ of him.vA. is taken B. will be takenvC. takes D. has taken2）含有）含有that賓語從句的句子變成被動句，常把間賓語從句的句子變成被動句，常把間接賓語作為主語，接賓語作為主

6、語，that從句不變。從句不變。vShe told me that she won the game last night.vI was told that she won the game last night.3)非謂語動詞的被動語態非謂語動詞的被動語態a)不定式的被動語態；I am happy to be invited to your birthday party.b) 分詞的被動語態；I object to being kept working.4)不知道或沒有必要說出動作的執行者時；不知道或沒有必要說出動作的執行者時；The mass murderer was put into p

7、rison.2.2.情態動詞的被動情態動詞的被動vThe baby must be looked after well.v S+ can/must/have to+ be done.vWe all find it necessary that plenty of oral practice _to get a good language sense.vA. should be done B. must be done vC. ought to be done D. be doing3.get3.get型被動句型被動句vOur house is getting painted.vDid your

8、 question get answered?v注意：用get + ed分詞的被動語態，其后的動作執行者一般不表示出來。v在英語中，有些結構用get代替be與過去分詞連用構成被動語態，即get+過分=be +過分； After dark , I wont go out. I am afraid that I might get /be robbed.4.不定式被動結構v試比較:An exhibition of painting is to be held at the museum next week.v An exhibition of painting was held at the mu

9、seum last week.vThe play _next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.vA. produced B. being produced vC. to be produced D. having been producedvHe saw a little girl stand under the tree.vA little girl was seen to stand under the tree.vHe had his bike to repair.他要修車（自己修）vHe had his bike to be

10、 repaired.他要去修車（別人修)5.固定句式vIt is said/reported/hoped/believed thatv sb/ sth be said to do/to have done.vIt is reported that many a new house _at present in the disaster area.vA. are being built B. were being built vC. was being built D. is being built考點考點v1.考查語態和時態的結合考查語態和時態的結合v2.考查時態及主謂一致考查時態及主謂一致v

11、3.考查被動語態和系表結構的區別考查被動語態和系表結構的區別v4.考查用主動形式表示被動含義或被動形式表考查用主動形式表示被動含義或被動形式表示主動含義示主動含義v5.不用被動的情況不用被動的情況考點一：語態和時態的結合考點一：語態和時態的結合v We planted many trees last year.v Many trees were planted by us last year.v過去時的被動結構： was/were + p.pvAll visitors to this village _with kindness.v A. treat B. are treated v C. a

12、re treating D. had been createdv(2012四川)They are living with their parents for the moment because their own home_.vA. is being rebuilt B. has been rebuiltvC. is rebuilt D. has rebuilt考點二：考察語態與主謂一致考點二：考察語態與主謂一致vThe father as well as his three children _skating on the frozen river every Sunday afterno

13、on in winter.vA. is going B. go C. goes D. are going考點三：被動語態和系表結構區別考點三：被動語態和系表結構區別vThe novel was well written(系表結構表示性質與狀態)vThe novel was written by Dickens.(被動結構強調動作發出者)被動語態和系表結構的區分；被動語態和系表結構的區分；1）被動語態的過分表示的是動作，句尾可以用by；系表結構的過分表示的是狀態，是個形容詞，句尾不可用by. 2) 時態上，被動語態可以用各種時態；系表結構只能用于一般時和完成時。vTom sounds very

14、_ in the job but Im not sure whether he can manage it.v A. interested B. interesting v C. interestingly D. interestedly 3) 被動語態的過分可以被much修飾；系表結構的過分可以被very修飾。被動語態只有被動意義，系表結構只有主動意義。系表結構的過分常表示心理、感情。He was very excited.He was much excited by the news. 考點四：主動表被動考點四：主動表被動&被動表主動被動表主動（一）主動表被動（一）主動表被動v1.

15、某些連系動詞，如 smell, taste, feel, sound, prove等，可用主動形式表示被動意義。v例1）The mixture tastes terrible.v例2）She proves very patient and warm-hearted.v(2011遼寧)The water _cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise.vA. was felt B. is felt C. felt D. feelsv2.某些不及物動詞（其主語大多指物）可以表達被動意義，有如下兩種情況：v 1）動詞表示主語內在動詞表示主

16、語內在“品質品質”或或“性能性能”的及物動詞，的及物動詞，如 lock, shut ,open, move, read, write, sell, wash, clean, catch, draw, cut等，常與easily和well連用。v 例1.The cloth washes well.v 2.The poem reads well.v 2)某些表示某些表示“發生發生”（happen, take place, occur）,“爆發爆發”(break out, burst out), 和和“傳播傳播” spread的不及物動詞，的不及物動詞，如：vThe news that a famo

17、us singer would give a show spread quickly.1. Three quarters of the worlds books _ (write) in English.2. This kind of sweater _ (sell) well.3. _ Lesson 50 _ (teach) next week?are writtensellsWillbe taughtv3.某些可用于“主+謂+主補”的結構中的不及物動詞可用來主動表被動，如 wear, blow等。v例1）This material has worn thin.v例2）The door bl

18、ew open.v4.結構：結構：want/need/require +doingv =want/need/require +to be donevThe flowers want/need/require watering.v= The flowers want/need/require to be watered.v5.結構：結構： be worth doing sth. 值得做某事值得做某事vThis film is really worth watching.v6. 有些形容詞后的不定式，用主動表被動。有些形容詞后的不定式，用主動表被動。v1) n. +be + too + adj.

19、+ to dov The plane is too high to see.v2) n. +be + adj. + enough + to dov The book is cheap enough for me to buy.v3) n. + be + adj. + to dov The question is not easy to answer.（二）被動形式表示主動意義（二）被動形式表示主動意義v1.反身動詞(及物動詞+反身代詞)作謂語時，其賓語反身代詞，表示動作返回到執行者本身，主語此時既是動作的執行者，又是動作的承受者。由于反身動詞具有這一特點，在被動結構中動作的承受者，也就是動作的執行者，在句中表現出主動意義。v 例1. He seats himself at the back of the classroom.v He is seated at the back of the classroom.v 例2. She was lost in the forest.v She lost himself in the forest. v2.“引起感情”等動詞的被動形式表示主動意義。 例1)The teacher is satisfied