1、aigureofspeechinwhichaname,action,ordescriptionisappliedtoanothertosuggestalikenessbetweenthem”TheWinstonDictionaryStructure:Thesignifiedisthesignifier.本體是喻體。隱喻是不用功能詞(functionwords)的。?Moneyisabottomlesssea,inwhichhonor,conscience,andtruthmaybedrowned.?金錢是無底的海洋，榮譽、良心和真理都可以淹沒在其中。?Self-loveisacupwithou

2、tbottom;youmightpourallthegreatlakesintoit,andnotfillup.?自私是只沒底的杯子，即使你把五湖之水倒進去，也難灌滿。?Yourcaseis_ahorseofanothercolor.(Yoursisquiteadifferentcase.)?隱喻的結構特征?喻體直陳式?Collegeisacommaofasentenceoflife.大學就是人生長句中的一個逗號。?ThelecturewasaSaharaDesert.?喻體半隱式?以動物做喻?Fromeverywindowheadswerecraningforaviewofit.?每個窗口都

3、有人探出頭來看。=stretchtheirheadslikeacrane以動物做喻?Sheisapeacockineverythingbutbeauty.-0.Wilde.?Hedoesnthaveanideaofhisown.Hejustparrotswhatotherpeoplesay.?他沒有自己的觀點，只會鸚鵡學舌。=repeatsomeoneelsewordsoridealikeaparrot?Theburglarmousedaboutforvalubles.撬竊賊鬼鬼祟祟地四處搜尋值錢的東西。?Dontbeanostrich!Everybodyknowsthetruth,butyo

4、u!?(不要做鴕鳥了！除了你自己，所有人都知道事情的真相。)?也是不肯面對現(xiàn)實的人。snake?Donttrustthatsnakeinthegrass;sheisonlysheddingcrocodilestears!?（別信那裝模做樣的女人；她流的只是鱷魚淚罷了!?Thatsnakeinthegrassreportedmetotheboss.口服蜜餞的家伙到老板那兒告我。monkey?Theysuspectedmonkeybusinessatthepolls.mother soouted at little T?他們懷疑選舉投票中有鬼。?”.stopmonkeyingaboutthatty

5、pewritter.母親對小湯姆吼道：別瞎弄那臺打字機了。lion?攔路虎alionintheway?虎口拔牙beardthelion?摸老虎的屁股twistthelionstailwolf?holdawolfbytheear騎虎難下?snake養(yǎng)虎遺患warmasnakeinonesbosomPig總稱愚蠢、貪婪?Youreaperfectpigaboutthecar!你對汽車一竅不通。?Hesbeenpigaboutmoney他對錢貪得無厭。?Hog公豬貪婪?Americancarsaregashogs.美國車費油。?Swine公豬令人討厭的?Swineflu?Castpearlsbefo

6、reswine?對牛彈琴Teachafishtoswim?教魚游泳一班門弄斧?以自然現(xiàn)象做喻?Theystormedthespeakerwithquestions.?他們猛烈質問演講者。=spokeviolentlylikeastormHisarresttouchedoffastormofprotest.?Whilemostofusareonlytooreadytoothersthecoldwindofcriticism,wearesomewhatreluctanttogiveourfellowthewarmsunshineofpraise.?我們大多數(shù)人動不動就對別人刮起批評的寒風，不知為什

7、么卻不愿意把表揚的溫暖陽光給予我們的同伴。CastleintheairCastleinSpain?海市蜃樓?以物體做喻?Aheavysilenceblanketedtheroom.?整個房間沉浸在一片沉默中。=wascoveredlikeablanketSnowclothestheground.Throwawetblanketover?Aflyintheointment?Seeinggarbageinbeautifulsceneryreallydampenedmyspirit.?在美麗的風景區(qū)看到垃圾，真是大煞風景。?名詞型?Hisfriendhasbecomeathorninhisside.

8、他的朋友成了使他不舒服的人。?Thediamonddepartmentwastheheartandcenterofthestore.?鉆石部是商店的心臟和核心。?Intheeveningoflife晚年s rope?日暮途窮Beattheendofone?Kickdowntheladder過河拆橋?Cutdownthetreethatoncegavehimshade?Breakthebridgeaftercrossingtheriver?IngratitudeforpasthelpTurnacrudeessayintoaliterarygem點石成金?動詞型?U.S.influenceandp

9、restigenosedivedinAfrica.?驟然下降一落千丈江河日下。?Wedontneedtospoonfeedthestudents.?Heembracedmyoffer.?Isandwichedmyselfbetweentwofatmenonthebus.Ifalluponthethornsoflife!Ibleed!我落入生活的荊棘中，我淌血!?Herhostilitymelted.她的敵意消除了。敵意當冰霜來描寫。?形容詞型s works.HisbloominghealthenabledhimtomakeathoroughstudyofShakespeare?Whatbeas

10、tlyweather!Nofootmarkscouldbefoundonthevirginsnow.?Heatewithawolfishappetite.?Sheistoofoxytogetalongwith.?短語Goforwoolcomehomeshorn弄巧成拙Pouroilon(troubled)waters息事寧人Beonthinice戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)兢兢?拐彎抹角Beataboutthebush?Talkinaroundaboutway?Teachafishtoswim班門弄斧?吃苦頭；惹火燒身Stickonesneckout?自討苦吃Getonesfingersburned?Castpear

11、lsbeforeswine對牛彈琴?Holdthecandletothedevil助紂為虐?Setafoxtokeepone困5eese?Letsleepingdoglie不要打草驚蛇?BringowlstoAthens徒勞之舉?setthetortoisetocatchthehare徒勞之舉?BurnonesbridgesbehindoneK一戰(zhàn)；?BurnonesboOts死戰(zhàn)?Carrywatertotheriver徒勞之舉?Wolfinsheepsclothing?笑面虎；假仁假義?tobuildcastlesinSpain白日做夢?tobuildcastlesintheair白日做夢?Bedofroses安逸的生活?Bananaoil花言巧語?alionintheway?攔路虎?beardthelion虎口拔牙5twistthelion摸老tail的屁股?anarrowescapefromthelion虎白余jbw?holdawolfbytheear騎虎難下?fishintheair水中撈月?Runwiththehareandhuntwiththehounds左右逢源?Featheronestnes