1、專題6非謂語動詞考倩解讀非謂語動詞是高中英語教學的重點和難點，也是歷屆高考的重點項目。 命題熱點多是借助于基本概念,在語境中考查常用動詞的各種非謂語形式以及個性動詞后的非謂語形式。有時也涉及非謂語動詞邏輯主語 的一致性問題以及獨立主格結構中非謂語的各種變化。其考點主要包括：1 .考查對謂語動詞與非謂語動詞的識別，要求明確句子的結構和意義，掌握非謂語動詞的基本用法。2 .考查不定式和動名詞作賓語的區別，要求掌握一些常見動詞后面所接賓語的形式。3 .考查非謂語動詞作定語、狀語、補語時的區別，尤其是不定式、現在分詞短語、過去分詞短語所表 示的不同時間、邏輯關系和意義。現在分詞和不定式作結果狀語時的區

2、別應引起足夠重視。4 .考查非謂語動詞的否定式、完成式、被動式及復合結構，要求掌握其構成形式、所表示的時間以及 邏輯關系。重點知識梳理知識點一、非謂語動詞作狀語1 .非謂語動詞作目的狀語，要想到用不定式；To succeed, we must make good preparation.要取得成功必須做好準備。2 .非謂語動詞作伴隨狀語，要想到用現在分詞；The students rushed out of the classroom, laughing and talking .學生們又說又笑地沖出教室。3 .非謂語動詞作結果狀語，表示出乎意料的結果要想到用不定式，表示必然的結果要想到用現在

3、分詞；He hurried to the station only to find that the train had left.他匆匆趕到車站結果卻發現火車已經離開了。（表出乎意料的結果）（陜西卷）More highways have been built in China, making it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.中國又建了更多高速公路，這使人們從一處到另一處的出行變得更容易了。（表結果）4 .非謂語動詞作原因狀語，表示喜怒哀樂”的形容詞要想到用不定式；非謂語動詞作時間狀語、條件 狀語和原因

4、狀語等要想到用分詞。I am only too glad to see everything settled.看到一切問題都解決了，我很高興。Being tired, he went to bed early.因為很累，他很早就睡了。Seeing the police, the thieves ran away.看到警察，小偷就跑了。源于系表結構的部分過去分詞作狀語，表示句子主語所處的一種狀態，常見的有seated包著的）,devoted（專注的），lost/absorbed in（沉溺于），dressed in（穿著）等。【特另U提醒】 Absorbed in his book, he di

5、dn ' t notice me enter the room.他專注讀書，沒注意到我進入房間。知識點二非謂語動詞作定語非謂語動詞類別用法動詞不7E式表示將要發生的動作動名詞表小用途分詞現在分詞表示動作主動進行或者正在進行中過去分詞表示動作被動完成或者單純表示已經完成We are preparing for the mid- term examination to be held next week.我們正在為下周將要舉行的期中考試做準備。The lecture, starting （ = which was starting ）at 7： 00 p. m. last night, w

6、as followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.講座于昨晚七點開始，隨后是用望遠鏡觀察月球。Tsinghua University, founded in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.清華大學建立于1911年，是許多杰出人物的搖籃。【特別提醒】不定式作定語時，若句子主語是不定式動作的執行者，則用主動形式表被動含義； 若句子主語不是不定式動作的執行者，則用被動形式表被動含義。She has a sisterto look after .她有一個妹妹

7、需要照顧。（she是look after的執行者）I want to go to Beijing.Do you have anything to be bought?我要去北京，你有什么東西需要買嗎？（you不是buy的執行者）知識點三非謂語動詞作賓語1 .只接不定式作賓語的動詞：agree, intend, plan, demand, promise, help, prepare, decide, refuse,choose, wish , hope, want, expect, fail, pretend, manage, determine, beg, arrange, threaten

8、, claim, hesitate, happen 等。2 .只接 v.-ing 形式作賓語的動詞：admit, avoid, consider, escape, imagine, mind , miss, practise,suggest, feel like , give up, put off, object to , look forward to 等。3 .接不定式與接v.-ing形式有顯著區別的動詞：(1)try to do盡力做；try doing試著去做 ；(2)mean to do 打算做；mean doing 意味著;(3) regret to do 遺憾要去做 ;regr

9、et doing 后悔做過；(4)remember to do 記得去做 ;remember doing t己得做過 ；(5) forget to do 忘t己去做 ；forget doing忘記做了。4 .動詞want, need, require作需要“講時，其后要用 v.-ing形式的主動形式或不定式的被動語態作賓 語。與此用法相同的動詞還有deserve值彳導)。5 .介詞后一般要接v.-ing形式作賓語，但介詞but/except后接不定式作賓語，若前有實義動詞do,不定式要省略to。He got well- prepared for the job interview , for

10、he couldn risk losing the good opportunity.他為這次工作面試做好了充分準備，因為他不能冒失去這次好機會的風險。We agreed to meet here but so far she hasn ' t turned up yet.我們約好在此地見面，但是她到現在還沒有露面。What a poor memory ! I forgot borrowing money from him yesterday.But today I forgot to return the money to him.多么差的記憶力！昨天我忘了向他借過錢，但今天我又忘了

11、把錢還給他。【特別提醒】不定式彳動詞(短語)learn, decide, know, wonder, show, tell, understand, explain, teach, advise, find out等的賓語時，前面常帶引導詞how, what, whether, where, when, who等。知識點四非謂語動詞作賓補1 .現在分詞作賓補現在分詞作賓補時，句中的賓語往往就是其邏輯主語，該動詞與賓語之間存在主謂關系，并且現在分 詞作賓補強調正在進行的主動動作。可接現在分詞作賓補的常見動詞：感官動詞(see, watch , observe, look,notice, hear

12、, listen, feel),使役動詞(have, get), find, leave, keep, catch 等。I looked up and noticed a snake winding its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.我抬頭注意到一條蛇蜿蜒著爬上樹去捕捉它的早餐。He had the light burning all night , which made his parents very angry.他讓燈亮了整晚，這使他父母很生氣。It ' s wrong to leave the computworking .讓

13、電腦一直開著是不對的。I am sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.對不起讓你久等了。I found a number of people already working there .我發現很多人已經在那兒工作了。2 .過去分詞作賓補過去分詞作賓補時，句中的賓語往往就是其邏輯主語，該動詞與賓語之間存在動賓關系。可接過去分詞作賓補的常見動詞：感官動詞(see, watch , observe, look , notice, hear, listen, feel),使役動詞(have, make, let, get), find , leave,

14、 keep等。When we saw the road blocked with snow , we decided to spend the holiday at home.當我們看到道路被雪封住后，我們決定在家過假期。You should keep me informed of his whereabouts.你應該讓我了解他的行蹤。The old found his hometown much changed .這位老人發現他的家鄉變化很大。He left much work unfinished because he was ill.因為生病，他留下許多工作未做。3 .不定式作賓補(1

15、)常帶 to 的不定式作賓補的動詞(短語)：advise, allow , ask, cause, command, encourage, expect,forbid , force, get, invite, leave, order, permit, persuade, prefer, request, warn , wish, call on, depend upon 等。(2)常接不帶to的不定式作賓補的動詞(短語)：help,使役動詞(make, have, let),感官動詞。如果 這些動詞或短語用于被動語態，則to不可省略。動詞help后的不定式符號to可以省略，也可以保留。We

16、 hurriedly ended the meeting , leaving many problems to be settled .我們匆忙結束了會議，留下很多問題要解決。4 . with +賓語+賓補(1)with +賓語+ doing(表示主動且進行)(2)with +賓語+ done(表示被動且完成)(3)with+賓語+ to do(表示將來)The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog following them.這老兩口常常在晚飯后到公園里散步，他們的寵物狗則在后面跟著

17、。John received an invitation to dinner , and with his work finished , he gladly accepted it.約翰收到一份宴請函而且他的工作也干完了，他就欣然接受了邀請。With a lot of difficult problems to settle , the newly elected president is having a hard time.因為有很多難題要解決，這位新任總統的日子不好過。【特別提醒】(1)使役動詞(make, have, let等)及感官動詞(see, watch , observe,

18、hear, notice等)后作賓補的不定式 不帶to。但用于被動語態(let除外)時，作主補的不定式一定要加上to。(2)下列結構中用不定式作主補：sb.be said/believed/known/reported/considered/thought + to do/to have done/to be done/to be doing/to have been done sth.The director had her assistant pick up some hot dogs for the meeting.經理讓她的助手為會議買一些熱狗。He is thought to hav

19、e invented the first telephone in the world.人們認為他發明了世界上第一部電話。知識點五非謂語動詞作主語和表語1 .非謂語動詞作主語不定式作主語表示某一具體的、尤其是未發生的動作；v.-ing形式作主語表示抽象的、泛指的動作，尤其是一般行為傾向。兩者可位于句首，也可用 it作形式主語，而把不定式或v.-ing形式后置。下列句型常用v.-ing 形式作主語： It is/was no use/no good/of little use (good) doing sth.。Hearing how others react to the book you h

20、ave just read creates an added pleasure.聆聽別人對你剛才所讀的書的反應會增加額外的樂趣。It is no good learning without practice .只學習不實踐沒有好處。It ' s not easy to learn English weReading as much as possible is necessary.學好英語不容易，廣泛閱讀是有必要的。2.非謂語動詞作表語v. -ing形式作表語時，說明主語的性質或特征；不定式作表語時，說明主語尚未發生的動作，或表示將來的動作。What she likes is watc

21、hing children play她喜歡的事情就是看孩子們玩耍。His ambition is to go Harvard University他的夢想就是上哈佛大學。知識點六非謂語動詞的時態和語態非謂語動詞形式意義不定式一時完成時主動：to do被動：to be done不定式動作與謂語動作同時發生或發生在謂語動作之后進行時to be doing謂語動作發生時，不定式表示的動作正在進行兀成時主動：to have done被動：to have been done不定式動作發生在謂語動作之前非謂語動詞形式意義動詞-ing形式一時主動：doing分詞動作與謂語動作（幾乎）同時發生或發生在謂語動作

22、之后被動：being done完成時主動：having done表示分詞動作先于謂語動作發生被動：having been done過去分詞done表小被動與兀成提醒having been done與done作狀語時沒有明顯區別，可互換，但having beendone不能作te語。不及物動詞的過去分詞，只表7K元成，小表7K被動There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland , staring at the nightsky.沒有什么能比躺在草地中央凝視著夜空讓人感到更高興的事兒

23、了。I got to the office earlier that day , having caught the 7： 30 train from Paddington.那天我比平時到辦公室的時間要早，因為我趕上了 7: 30從Paddington來的火車。Having been asked to work overtime that evening , I missed a wonderful film.我那天晚上因為被要求加班而錯過了 一場精彩的電影。His first book to be published is based on a true story.即將出版的他的第一本書是

24、基于一個真實的故事寫的。【方法技巧】非謂語動詞解題四步驟第一步：利用 有無連詞”原則確定謂語還是非謂語。分析句子結構，判斷出句子的主干主語和謂語。如果題線處作謂語，則要用謂語動詞，如果題線處不作謂語，則要用非謂語動詞。第二步：根據句意和作用確定句子成分。根據句意和題線處在句中的位置和作用，確定其所充當的句子成分，從而確定空格處所需填入的非謂 語動詞的形式。第三步：根據與邏輯主語的關系確定語態。如果非謂語動詞表示的動作與其邏輯主語之間為主謂關系則用v.-ing形式或不定式的主動式；若為動賓關系則用v.-ing形式的被動式、不定式的被動式或過去分詞。第四步：根據與謂語動詞的先后關系確定時態。非謂語

25、動詞表示的動作發生在謂語動詞表示的動作之前用過去分詞或v.-ing形式的完成時或不定式的完成時；若同時進行用v.-ing形式或不定式的進行時；若非謂語動詞表示的動作發生在謂語動詞表示的動作 之后用不定式的一般時。高頻考點突破高頻考點一、非謂語動詞作狀語例 1、 （2019 江蘇卷）the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.A. To enjoy B. EnjoyingC. To have enjoyed D. Enjoy【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：為了享受

26、電子支付的便利，許多老年人開始使用智能手機。分析句 子結構可知，這里表示目的，故用動詞不定式作目的狀語。【舉一反三】（2018 江蘇卷）Around 13 , 500 new jobs were created during the period,the expected number of 12 , 000 held by market analysts.A. having exceeded B . to exceedC. exceeded D. exceeding【答案】D【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：這段時間大約 13 500個新的工作崗位被創造了出來，超過了市場分 析人士預計的12 0

27、00個。exceed與主語是邏輯上的主謂關系，故選擇 exceeding o【變式探究】（2018 北京卷）During the Mid Autumn Festival, family members often gather together a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.A. share B . to shareC. having shared D. shared【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：在中秋節期間，家庭成員常常歡聚一堂，享受大餐、賞月并品嘗月 餅。根據句意以及句子結構可知，此處用不定式作目的狀語。【變式探究】 D

28、ue to the newly-discovered flu, a general anxiousness developed and spread,a sharp decrease of dining out.A. caused B . having causedC. to cause D . causing【答案】D【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：因為這種最新發現的流感，一種普遍的焦慮情緒滋生出來并且不斷蔓延，這導致外出吃飯的人數急劇減少。分析句子結構可知，cause與其邏輯主語是主動關系，應用 v.-ing形式作結果狀語，所以選 Do高頻考點二非謂語動詞作定語例 2. （2019 天津卷）

29、Most colleges now offer first- year students a course specially to help themsucceed academically and personally.A. designed B. designingC. to design D. being designed【答案】A【解析】考查過去分詞。句意：大多數大學現在給大一學生提供一門專門設計的來幫助他們在學術和 個人事務上成功的課程。此處 course與design之間存在邏輯上的動賓關系，故用過去分詞作后置定語。故 選A o【舉一反三】 （2017 江蘇卷）Many Chin

30、ese brands , their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market.A. having developed B . being developedC. developed D. developing【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語動詞。本句的主語 Many Chinese brands與develop存在主動關系，因此用現在分詞， 又根據句中的時間狀語over centuries可知，此處應該使用現在分詞的完成式。故答案為A。【變式探究】 In art criticism,

31、you must assume the artist has a secret message within the work.A. to hideB . hiddenC. hidingD . being hidden【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，message與hide是邏輯上的被動關系，因此應該使用過去分詞作后置定語。【變式探究】 Shanghai has become the first city in China road test plates for autonomous drivingtrucks, issuing a plate to technology

32、 companies TuSimple and Momenta each, according to Jiefang Daily .A. having issued B . to issueC. issuing D. issued【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：據解放日報報道，上海已成為中國第一個頒發自動駕駛卡車道路測試牌照的城市，給技術公司TuSimple和Momenta各頒發了一張牌照。根據句中的"the first可知此處應用動詞不定式作后置定語。故選Bo高頻考點三、非謂語動詞作賓語例 3、（2018 天津卷）I didn ' t mean anything b

33、ut the ice cream looked so good that I couldn' t helpit.A. to eat； to tryB. eating； tryingC. eating； to try D. to eat； trying【答案】D【解析】考查非謂語動詞。從句意看，第一空所在部分用mean to do sth.表示 打算做某事"，第二空用couldn ' t help doing sth示雙不住做某事”，因此選D。【舉一反三】 After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress , A

34、nne Benedict went on all the people who had helped in her career.A. to thank B. thankingC. having thanked D . to have thanked【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：在獲得奧斯卡最佳女配角獎之后，Anne Benedict繼續感謝所有曾經在她的職業生涯中幫助過她的人。go on后接to do或doing作賓語均可，但是go on doing sth.表示 繼續做同一件事"，而go on to do sth.則表示 繼續做另一件事”。由語境可知，Anne Bene

35、dict在拿獎后又繼續做另 一件事，即 感謝所有幫助過她的人 “，故用go on to do sth.。【變式探究】 Acceptance is not about liking a situation.It is about acknowledging all that has been lost and to live with that loss.A. learning B. learnedC. to learn D . having learned【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：接受不是關于喜歡一種狀況。它是關于承認所有已經失去的和學會 帶著損失生活下去。題干中acknowle

36、dging和learning做about的并列賓語，故選 A。【變式探究】 There is a strict limit of 13 days in the challenging race through the Arctic , although most competitors end up long before that.A. to retire B . retiredC. having retired D. retiring【答案】D【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：穿越北冰洋的13天挑戰賽有嚴格的限制，盡管參賽者都已在很久之前就退出了。 end up后跟v.-ing形式，意為：以

37、為結束。故選 D。高頻考點四、非謂語動詞作賓補例 4. （2018 天津卷）I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph .A. taking B . takenC. being taken D. take【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語動詞。從句意和句子結構看，本空在句中作賓補，動詞 take與my photograph之間 是邏輯上的動賓關系，故應用過去分詞，因此選 BoDr.Lee was very happy to see his mother【舉一反三】 Back from his two- year medical

38、 service in Africa , good care of at home.A. taking B . takenC. take D. be taken【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：李博士在非洲進行了兩年的醫療服務，回來后看到他的母親在家里被照顧得很好他很高興。分析句子結構可知，此處是“see賓語+賓語補足語”結構，賓語補足語可以是do,doing或者done。若賓語與補語之間是主動關系，且強調動作發生的全過程，用省略 to的動詞不定式，即 do;若賓語與補語之間是主動關系，且強調動作正在進行，用 doing;若賓語與補語之間是被動關系，用過 去分詞作賓補。此處his mot

39、her與take good care of之間是被動關系，故選 B項。【變式探究】 Listening to music at home is one thing , going to hear it live is quite another.A. perform B. performingC. to perform D. being performed【答案】D【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：在家聽音樂是一回事，去現場聽正在被演奏的音樂完全是另一回事。題干中含有“hear賓語+賓語補足語”結構，賓語it（指代music）與perform之間存在被動關系，且此處表示 去現場聽正在被演奏的音樂，

40、故應用being performed作賓語補足語。【變式探究】 Have you seen the boys Little Apple ? That' s such a beautiful scene that I dare not havemy eyes on it.A. dancing ； fixing B . dance； fixingC- dance； fixed D. to dance； fixed【答案】C【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：你看見男孩們跳小蘋果了嗎？那是如此美的場景，我都不敢看。see sb.do sth看見某人做某事；have one' s eyes

41、fixed on st黑人的眼凝視在 上。根據句意選 C。高頻考點五、非謂語動詞作主語和表語例 5. （2019 天津卷）to think critically is an important skill today' s children will need for the future.A. Learn B . LearnedC. Learning D. Having learned【答案】C【解析】考查動名詞。句意：學會批判性地思考是當今兒童未來所需的一項重要技能。分析句子結構可知，主句的謂語動詞是is, is之前的內容是主語，故此處應用動名詞短語作主語，表示一般性的陳述概念,故

42、選Co【舉反三】 （2018 北京卷）along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.A. Travel B. TravelingC. Having traveled D. Traveled【答案】B【解析】考查動詞的非謂語形式。句意：沿著古老的絲綢之路旅行是一種有趣且有益的體驗。根據句 子結構可知，此處用動名詞作主語。【變式探究】 For those with family members far away , the personal computer and the phone are importan

43、t in staying.A. connectedB. connectingC. to connectD. to be connected【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：對那些與家人離得比較遠的人來說，個人電腦和電話在保持聯系方面很重要。本句中的關鍵詞是stay（保持），它是一個連系動詞，后接形容詞作表語。A項connected是形容詞，意為 有聯系的，有來往的”，符合句意。stay connected是“stay形容詞化的過去分詞 ”構成的系表結構。 本題中的 staying connected 和 keeping in touch 表達同個意思。【變式探究】 We should b

44、ear in mind that aloud in public is a good way to develop our level ofconfidence.A. having spoken B . to be spokenC. speaking D. speak【答案】C【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：我們應該記住：在公共場合大聲講話是提高我們的自信心的一個好方法。分析句子結構可知，空處在從句中作主語，應用動名詞形式。故選Co高頻考點六非謂語動詞的時態和語態例 6. The film star wears sunglasses.Therefore , he can go shopping

45、without.A. recognizing B. being recognizedC. having recognized D . having been recognized【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：那位影星戴著墨鏡，因此他可以在沒人認出的情況下購物了。without為介詞，后面接動名詞形式；The film star與recognize之間存在被動關系，故用動名詞的被動式，即“beingdone”結構。此題易誤選 D項，having been done為現在分詞的被動式，不作介詞的賓語。【舉一反三】 for two days , Steve managed to finis

46、h his report on schedule.A. To work B. WorkedC. To be working D . Having worked【答案】D【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：工作了兩天，史蒂夫設法如期完成了他的報告。首先，work的動作發生在managed to finish之前，故用完成時；Steve與work之間是主動關系，所以用現在分詞形式，故用 Having worked 。【變式探究】 There are still many problems before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.A. solving

47、B. solvedC. being solvedD . to be solved【答案】D【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：在我們準備在月球上長住之前，還有很多問題需要解決。由There are可知設空處為非謂語動詞作后置定語，修飾problems,根據時間狀語從句 before we are ready for a long stay onthe Moon可知，動作soke發生在將來，故用不定式結構，而且 problems與soke之間存在被動關系，故用 不定式的被動結構。【變式探究】 a good writer, you must find a quiet place where you ca

48、n think, preferably one with limited accessibility.A. BecomingB . To becomeC. Having become D . Become【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：要成為一名好作家，你必須找到一個你能思考的安靜之處，最好是 一個限制（其他人）進入的地方。根據句意，空處應用動詞不定式作目的狀語。真題感悟1 .（2019 汪蘇卷）the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.A. To enjoy

49、 B. EnjoyingC. To have enjoyed D . Enjoy【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：為了享受電子支付的便利，許多老年人開始使用智能手機。分析句子結構可知，這里表示目的，故用動詞不定式作目的狀語。2. （2019 天津卷）Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially to help themsucceed academically and personally.A. designed B. designingC. to design D . being designed【答案】A【

50、解析】考查過去分詞。句意：大多數大學現在給大一學生提供一門專門設計的來幫助他們在學術和 個人事務上成功的課程。此處course與design之間存在邏輯上的動賓關系，故用過去分詞作后置定語。故選A o3. （2019 天津卷）to think critically is an important skill today' s children will need for theA. Learn B . LearnedC. Learning D. Having learned【答案】C【解析】考查動名詞。句意：學會批判性地思考是當今兒童未來所需的一項重要技能。分析句子結構 可知，主句的謂

51、語動詞是is, is之前的內容是主語，故此處應用動名詞短語作主語，表示一般性的陳述概念，故選Co1. （2018 江蘇卷）Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period,the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.A. having exceeded B. to exceedC. exceededD. exceeding【答案】D【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：在這期間，大約創造13,500個新的工作，超過市場分析師持有的12,000個的預期數量。分析全句可知，這里指前一件

52、事情所帶來自然而然的結果，故用現在分詞作結果狀語。故 選D。2、 （ 2018 天津卷）I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs.A. takingB. takenC. being takenD. take【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：我需要一個新護照，所以我將不得不拍照片。本題考查非謂語動詞作賓語補足語，賓語 my photograph與補足語之間為被動關系，故用過去分詞作賓語補足語。進行。故選B。C項表不'正在3、 （ 2018 W匕京卷） Ordinary soap,correctly, ca

53、n deal with bacteria effectively.A. used B. to use C. using D. use【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：如果正確使用的話，普通的肥皂可以有效地處理細菌。Ordinary soapcan deal with bacterial effectively 是主句， correctly 是條件狀語, 修飾 ordinary soap, ordinary soap 和use之間是被動關系，故要用過去分詞，A選項正確。1. （2017 江蘇卷）Many Chinese brands,their reputations over centu

54、ries, are facing new challenges from the modern market.A. having developedB. being developedC. developedD. developing【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語動詞。brands是邏輯主語，和develop是主謂關系，所以用現在分詞，表示伴隨狀況；再根據"over centuries"可知，應該使用現在分詞的完成式，故選 A。2. （2017 江蘇卷）Many Chinese brands,their reputations over centuries, are faci

55、ng new challengesfrom the modern market.A. having developed B. being developed C. developed D. developing【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語動詞。brands是邏輯主語，和develop是主謂關系，所以用現在分詞，表示伴隨狀況；再根據"over centuries可知，應該使用現在分詞的完成式，故選A。句意：許多中國品牌，享譽數百年，現在正面臨著來自現代市場的新挑戰。3. （2017 北京）Many airlines now allow passengers to print their

56、 boarding passes online theirvaluable time.A. save B. savingC. to save D. saved【答案】C【解析】句意：許多航空公司現在允許乘客網上打印他們的登機牌來節省時間。此處是動詞不定式表目的，故選Co4. （2017 W匕京） The national park has a large collection of wildlife,from butterflies to elephants.A. ranging B. range C. to range D. ranged【答案】A【解析】句意：國家公園有許多的野生動物，包括

57、從蝴蝶到大象等等。此處野生動物和range之間是主動關系，用現在分詞，故選 Ao5. 2 2017 W匕京） Jim has retired, but he still remember the happy time with his students.A. to spend B. spend C. spending D. spent【答案】D【解析】句意：Jim已經退休了，但是他依然記得和學生一起度過的快樂時光。句子已經有了謂語，空格只能填非謂語動詞，邏輯主語是time,和spend之間是被動關系，故用過去分詞spent。6. 2 2017以津）The hospital has recently obtained