1、英文文獻及中文翻譯ASP.NET OverviewASP.NET is a unified Web development model that includes the services necessary for you to build enterprise-class Web applications with a minimum of coding.ASP.NET is part of the .NET Framework, and when coding ASP.NET applications you have access to classes in the .NET Fram

2、ework.Y ou can code your applications in any language compatible with the common language runtime (CLR, including Microsoft Visual Basic and C#. These languages enable you to develop ASP.NET applications that benefit from the common language runtime, type safety, inheritance, and so on.If you want t

3、o try ASP.NET, you can install Visual Web Developer Express using the Microsoft Web Platform Installer, which is a free tool that makes it simple to download, install, and service components of the Microsoft Web Platform.These components include Visual Web Developer Express, Internet Information Ser

4、vices (IIS, SQL Server Express, and the .NET Framework. All of these are tools that you use to create ASP.NET Web applications. You can also use the Microsoft Web Platform Installer to install open-source ASP.NET and PHP Web applications.Visual Web DeveloperVisual Web Developer is a full-featured de

5、velopment environment for creating ASP.NET Web applications. Visual Web Developer provides an ideal environment in which to build Web sites and then publish them to a hosting site. Using the development tools in Visual Web Developer, you can develop ASP.NET Web pages on your own computer. Visual Web

6、 Developer includes a local Web server that provides all the features you need to test and debug ASP.NET Web pages, without requiring Internet Information Services (IIS to be installed.Visual Web Developer provides an ideal environment in which to build Web sites and then publish them to a hosting s

7、ite. Using the development tools in Visual Web Developer, you can develop ASP.NET Web pages on your own computer. Visual Web Developer includes a local Web server that provides all the features you need to test and debug ASP.NET Web pages, without requiring Internet Information Services (IIS to be i

8、nstalled.When your site is ready, you can publish it to the host computer using thebuilt-in Copy Web tool, which transfers your files when you are ready to share them with others. Alternatively, you can precompile and deploy a Web site by using the Build Web Site command. The Build Web Site command

9、runs the compiler over the entire Web site (not just the code files and produces a Web site layout that you can deploy to a production server.Finally, you can take advantage of the built-in support for File Transfer Protocol (FTP.Using the FTP capabilities of Visual Web Developer, you can connect di

10、rectly to the host computer and then create and edit files on the server.ASP.NET Web Sites and ASP.NET Web Application ProjectsUsing Visual Studio tools, you can create different types of ASP.NET projects, which includes Web sites, Web applications, Web services, and AJAX server controls.There is a

11、difference between Web site projects and Web application projects. Some features work only with Web application projects, such as MVC and certain tools for automating Web deployment. Other features, such as Dynamic Data, work with both Web sites and Web application projects.Page and Controls Framewo

12、rkThe ASP.NET page and controls framework is a programming framework that runs on a Web server to dynamically produce and render ASP.NET Web pages. ASP.NET Web pages can be requested from any browser or client device, and ASP.NET renders markup (such as HTML to the requesting browser. As a rule, you

13、 can use the same page for multiple browsers, because ASP.NET renders the appropriate markup for the browser making the request. However, you can design your ASP.NET Web page to target a specific browser and take advantage of the features of that browser.ASP.NET Web pages are completely object-orien

14、ted. Within ASP.NET Web pages you can work with HTML elements using properties, methods, and events. The ASP.NET page framework removes the implementation details of the separation of client and server inherent in Web-based applications by presenting a unified model for responding to client events i

15、n code that runs at the server. The framework also automatically maintains the state of a page and the controls on that page during the page processing life cycle.The ASP.NET page and controls framework also enables you to encapsulate common UI functionality in easy-to-use, reusable controls. Contro

16、ls are written once, can be used in many pages, and are integrated into the ASP.NET Web page that they are placed in during rendering.The ASP.NET page and controls framework also provides features to control the overall look and feel of your Web site via themes and skins. You can define themes and s

17、kins and then apply them at a page level or at a control level.In addition to themes, you can define master pages that you use to create a consistent layout for the pages in your application. A single master page defines the layout and standard behavior that you want for all the pages (or a group of

18、 pages in your application. You can then create individual content pages that contain thepage-specific content you want to display. When users request the content pages, theymerge with the master page to produce output that combines the layout of the master page with the content from the content pag

19、e. The ASP.NET page framework also enables you to define the pattern for URLs that will be used in your site. This helps with search engine optimization (SEO and makes URLs more user-friendly.The ASP.NET page and control framework is designed to generate HTML that conforms to accessibility guideline

20、s.ASP.NET CompilerAll ASP.NET code is compiled, which enables strong typing, performance optimizations, and early binding, among other benefits. Once the code has been compiled, the common language runtime further compiles ASP.NET code to native code, providing improved performance.ASP.NET includes

21、a compiler that will compile all your application components including pages and controls into an assembly that the ASP.NET hosting environment can then use to service user requests.Security InfrastructureIn addition to the security features of .NET, ASP.NET provides an advanced security infrastruct

22、ure for authenticating and authorizing user access as well as performing other security-related tasks. You can authenticate users using Windows authentication supplied by IIS, or you can manage authentication using your own user database using ASP.NET forms authentication and ASP.NET membership. Add

23、itionally, you can manage the authorization to the capabilities and information of your Web application using Windows groups or your own custom role database using ASP.NET roles. You can easily remove, add to, or replace these schemes depending upon the needs of your application.ASP.NET always runs

24、with a particular Windows identity so you can secure your application using Windows capabilities such as NTFS Access Control Lists (ACLs,database permissions, and so on.State-Management FacilitiesASP.NET provides intrinsic state management functionality that enables you to store information between

25、page requests, such as customer information or the contents of a shopping cart. You can save and manage application-specific, session-specific, page-specific, user-specific, and developer-defined information. This information can be independent of any controls on the page.ASP.NET offers distributed

26、state facilities, which enable you to manage state information across multiple instances of the same application on one computer or on several computers.ASP.NET 概述ASP.NET 是一個統一的 Web 開發模型,它包括您使用盡可能少的代碼生成企業級 Web 應用程序所必需的各種服務。ASP.NET 作為 .NET Framework 的一部分提供。當您編寫 ASP.NET 應用程序的代碼時,可以訪問 .NET Framework 中的

27、類。可使用與公共語言運行時 (CLR 兼容的任何語言(包括 Microsoft Visual Basic 和 C#編寫應用程序的代碼。使用這些語言,可以開發利用公共語言運行時、類型安全、繼承等方面的優點的 ASP.NET 應用程序。若要嘗試 ASP.NET,可以使用 Microsoft Web 平臺安裝程序安裝 Visual Web Developer 速成版,Microsoft Web 平臺安裝程序是一款免費的工具,使用它可以方便地下載、安裝和維護 Microsoft Web 平臺的組件。這些組件包括Visual Web Developer 學習版、Internet Information

28、Services (IIS、SQL Server Express 和 .NET Framework。所有這些組件都是用于創建 ASP.NET Web 應用程序的工具。此外,還可以使用 Microsoft Web 平臺安裝程序安裝開放源代碼的 ASP.NET 和 PHP Web 應用程序。Visual Web DeveloperVisual Web Developer 是一個功能齊備的開發環境,可用于創建 ASP.NET Web 應用程序。Visual Web Developer 提供了一種生成網站并將其發布到承載站點的理想環境。使用 Visual Web Developer 中的開發工具，可以

29、在自己的計 算機上開發 ASP.NET 網頁。Visual Web Developer 包括一個本地 Web 服務器， 無需安裝 Internet 信息服務 (IIS，該服務器即可提供測試和調試 ASP.NET 網頁所需的全部功能。 Visual Web Developer 提供了一種生成網站并將其發布到承載站點的理想環 境。使用 Visual Web Developer 中的開發工具，可以在自己的計算機上開發 ASP.NET 網頁。Visual Web Developer 包括一個本地 Web 服務器，無需安裝 Internet 信息服務 (IIS， 該服務器即可提供測試和調試 ASP.NE

30、T 網頁所需的 全部功能。 站點準備就緒后，可以使用內置的 Copy Web 工具將其發布到主機上。準備 好與他人共享文件后，就可以使用該工具傳輸這些文件。或者，您可以使用“生 成網站”命令對網站進行預編譯和部署。 “生成網站”命令對整個網站運行編譯 器（而不僅僅對代碼文件），并生成可部署到生產服務器的網站布局。 最后，可以利用對文件傳輸協議 (FTP 的內置支持。使用 Visual Web Developer 的 FTP 功能，可以直接連接到主機，然后在該服務器上創建和編輯 文件。 ASP.NET 網站和 ASP.NET Web 應用程序項目 通過使用 Visual Studio 工具，您可

31、以創建不同類型的 ASP.NET 項目， 包括網站、Web 應用程序、Web 服務和 AJAX 服務器控件。 網站項目和 Web 應用程序項目之間存在著差異。一些功能僅適用于 Web 應用程序項目，例如 MVC 和用于自動進行 Web 部署的某些工具。其他功能（如 動態數據）同時適用于網站項目和 Web 應用程序項目。 頁和控件框架 ASP.NET 頁和控件框架是一種編程框架，它在 Web 服務器上運行，可以動 態地生成和呈現 ASP.NET 網頁?？梢詮娜魏螢g覽器或客戶端設備請求 ASP.NET 網頁，ASP.NET 會向請求瀏覽器呈現標記（例如 HTML）。通常，您可以對多個 瀏覽器使用相

32、同的頁，因為 ASP.NET 會為發出請求的瀏覽器呈現適當的標記。 但是，您可以針對特定瀏覽器設計您的 ASP.NET 網頁，并利用該瀏覽器的功能。 ASP.NET 網頁是完全面向對象的。在 ASP.NET 網頁中，可以使用屬性、方 法和事件來處理 HTML 元素。 ASP.NET 頁框架為響應在服務器上運行的代碼中的 客戶端事件提供統一的模型，從而使您不必考慮基于 Web 的應用程序中固有的 客戶端和服務器隔離的實現細節。 該框架還會在頁處理生命周期中自動維護頁及 該頁上控件的狀態。 使用 ASP.NET 頁和控件框架還可以將常用的 UI 功能封裝成易于使用且可 重用的控件?？丶恍杈帉懸淮?，即可用于許多頁并