1、學習必備歡迎下載主謂一致的用法講解一、 概述句子的主語有單復數及人稱的變化，其謂語動詞需要根據主語的人稱和數的不同而有所變 化。即：謂語動詞與其主語在人稱和數上必須保持一致。Her dreams have come true.她的夢想實現了。Her dream has come true.她的（一個）夢想實現了。從以上兩個例句可以看出謂語動詞隨主語的數而變化。She/He often arrives school late.她（他）常常上學遲到。They often arrive school late.他們常常上學遲到。You often arrive school late.你常常上學遲到

2、。從以上三個例句可以看出謂語動詞隨主語的人稱變化而變化。I am a teacher.我是老師。He/She is a teacher他（她）是老師。They are teachers.他們是老師。從以上三個例句可以看出謂語動詞be隨主語的人稱變化而變化。二、 主語與謂語一致所遵循的三個原則主語的人稱，特別是主語的數是決定謂語形式的關鍵。除第一人稱I和第二人稱you之外,單數主語之后的謂語動詞用單數形式；復數主語之后的謂語動詞用復數形式。主語和謂語動詞的一致要遵循下面三個原則：1語法上的一致所謂語法一致原則，即主語和謂語的語法形式在人稱和數上取得一致。謂語的單、復數形式依據主語的單、復數形式而

3、定：主語為復數，謂語動詞用復數；主語為單數或者是不可數名詞，謂語動詞用單數。Ch ina belo ngs to the Third World.中國屬于第三世界。We are sure he will come.我們肯定他會來。使用語法一致的情況（1）當主語是and,bothand連接的并列結構如果主語指的是兩個或兩個以上的人或物，則謂語動詞用復數。My mother and I have seen the film.我媽媽和我已看過這部電影。Both rice and wheat are grow n in this part of Ch ina.在中國的這個地方既種稻子又種小麥。注意：由

4、and連接的并列主語前面分別有each, every,no修飾時，其謂語動詞用單數形式。Every boy and every girl has to receive educati on in our country.在我國每一個男女孩子都得受教育。No student and no teacher was invited to the party.師生沒有被邀請參加晚會。(2)主語后面接說明主語的修飾語主語后面接說明主語的修飾語如with,along with,together with,as well as,like , rather than,but,except,besides,in

5、cluding,in addition to，謂語動詞不受修飾成分的影響，仍保持同主 語一致的關系。The teacher with two stude nts was at the meet in g.那位老師和兩個學生參加了會議。The girl as well as the boys has learned to drive a car.這個姑娘和男孩子一道，也學會了開汽車。A library with five thousand books is offered to the nation as a gift.一個有5000冊書的圖書館作 為禮物贈學習必備歡迎下載送給了國家。E-mai

6、l, as well as tele phon es, is p lay ing an imp orta nt part in daily com muni cati on.電郵和電話在日常的通信中起著很重要的作用。Nobody but Jane kn ows the secret.只有簡知道這個秘密。All but one were here just now.剛才除了一個人外都來了。（3）非謂語動詞或從句作主語非謂語動詞（動詞的-ing形式、不定式）或從句作主語時，謂語一般用單數形式。When and where to build the new factory is not decide

7、d yet.什么時候在什么地方建新工廠還沒定下來。Checki ng in formation is very imp orta nt.核實事實是非常重要的。To lear n foreig n Ian guages is not easy.學習外語并非易事。When we will hold the meet ing is not decided yet.我們何時開會尚未決定。注意：當what引導主語從句或由and連接兩個動詞不定式或動名詞作主語時，謂語動詞的數應根據意義一致的原則來決定。What we n eed here is money.我們這里需要的是資金。What we n eed

8、 here are workers.我們這里需要的是工人。Lying and stealing are immoral.說謊與偷竊是不道德的。（4）each和復合不定代詞作主語each禾n some/any/no/every十body/one/thing構成的復合不定代詞anyone、anybody、anything、every one、everybody、everythi ng、some one somebody、someth ing、no one、n obody、nothing、each、the other作主語，謂語動詞用單數。Each is worse tha n the one be

9、fore.一個比一個差。Nobody knows the answer.沒有一個人知道這答案。Some one wants to see you.有人想見你。Is there any thi ng in the box?箱子里有什么東西嗎？There is a lot of milk in the bottle.瓶子里有很多奶。（5）“many a +單數名詞”作主語“many a、（很多more than one（不只一個）+單數名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式。Many a student has been to Beijing.很多學生去過北京。There is more than o

10、ne answer to your question.你的問題不只有一個答案。（6）“one of+復數名詞十定語從句”之前有the等限定詞和修飾語“one of+復數名詞十定語從句”之前有the only,the very,the等限定詞和修飾語時，定語 從句的謂語動詞用單數形式。Tom is the only one of those boys who is willi ng to help the old man.湯姆是唯一的一個愿意幫助那個老人的男孩。He is the only one of the students who has been a winner of scholars

11、hip for three years.他是這三 年來唯一的一個獲得獎學金的學生。注意:如沒有這些限定詞和修飾語，定語從句的謂語動詞采用復數形式。Tom is one of the boys who are always ready to help others.湯姆是個隨時愿意幫助別人的男孩。（7）由兩個部分組成的物體名詞作主語英語中有些由兩個部分組成的物體名稱如g1asses（眼鏡），scissors（剪刀），shorts（短褲），shoes（鞋子）,trousers（褲子）等作主語，其后的謂語動詞用復數形式。His glasses were broke n, so he cant see

12、 well.他的眼鏡碎了，因而看不清楚。學習必備歡迎下載His trousers are made of cotton.他的褲子是棉布的。注意:若這類名詞前帶有Pair等表示單位的名詞時，則以這些名詞的單、復數形式決定動詞 的形式。Two pairs of trousers are missing.兩條褲子不見了。This pair of shoes is not on sale.這雙鞋不出售。2、意義上的一致意義上的一致是指謂語動詞與主語的一致取決于主語所表達的意義。若主語形式上為復數， 而意義上是單數，動詞要用單數；若主語形式上為單數，而意義上為復數，則動詞用復數。The Uni ted

13、States is in North America.美國在北美洲。The p olice are look ing into the matter.警察正在調查此事。使意義上的一致的情況（1）由and連接兩個并列主語其后的謂語動詞一般用復數形式。但如果兩個單數名詞指同一個人、同一事物、單一概念時，謂語動詞要用單數，有時兩個名詞共用一個冠詞。The worker and writer has written a new novel.這位工人兼作家寫了一部新小說。（兩個名詞共用一個冠詞）There is a journ alist and writer livi ng in America wh

14、ose n ame is Alex Haley.在美國有一個名叫亞利克斯？哈利的記者兼作家。Truth and honesty is always the best policy.真誠總是上策。注意：用and連接起來的兩個單數主語，謂語動詞可以是單數，也可以是復數。Three and five makes /make eight.三加五等于八。Time and tide wait/waits for no man .歲月不等人。（2）形復意單的名詞作主語1復數形式的專有名詞（表示國家、城市、機構、組織以及書籍、報紙、雜志等）做主語， 通常作為整體看待，謂語動詞用單數。The Uni ted S

15、tates is in North America.美國在北美洲。The Arabia n Nights is read all over the world.天方夜譚是流傳世界各地的名著。The New York Times has a wide circulatio n.紐約時報銷路很廣。注意：表示山脈、群島、瀑布等的專有名詞和以復數形式出現的表示同姓的一家人或同名、 同姓的若干人，謂語也用復數。The Alps rise over 4 countries.阿爾卑斯山脈跨越了四國。Niagara Falls are not as high as Victoria Falls.尼亞加拉瀑布沒

16、有維多利亞瀑布高。The Smiths were also invited.史密斯一家人也受到了邀請。There are 3 Marys and 2 Roberts in my class.我班有三個叫瑪麗、兩個叫羅伯特的學生。2以-ics結尾表示學科的名詞做主語，通常表示單數意義，謂語動詞用單數形式。這類名詞有:Physics, Politics, mathematics, economics, athletics, electronics等。Politics is now taught in all schools.現在各學校都開設政治課。Economics is a scie nee o

17、f the way in which in dustry and trade p roduce and use wealth.經濟學是 研究工業、貿易生財和用財之道。注意：當這些動詞表示有關方面的活動情況、見解、原理等意思時，謂語動詞需用復數形式。What are his politics?他的政見如何？The economics of n ati onal growth are of the greatest i mportance to all moder n gover nmen ts.國家 發展經濟的原理對現代各國政府都重要。3news，maths，plastics，physics，w

18、orks，means（方法），the United States等雖然以-s結尾， 但意義學習必備歡迎下載上作為單數看待。“News of victories keeps pouring in as our army advances,”the company commander said.集 團軍司令說：”隨著我們軍隊的推進勝利的消息接踵而至。”Mathematics/Physics is a required subject for us.數學/物理是我們必修的科目。Every possible means has been used to prevent the air pollutio

19、n , but the sky is still not clear.所有 可能的直至污染的方法都用了，但天空還是不晴朗的。4成對的名詞做主語時用單數形式。Bread and butter is a daily food in the West .面包抹黃油是西方人每天的食品。His gratitude and devotion to the Party is endless.他無限感覺，無限忠于黨。5one and a half +復數名詞”做主語，謂語動詞用單數。One and a half p ears is left o n the table .一只半梨剩在桌子上。One and a

20、 half days is all I can spare.天半是我所能擠出的全部時間。注意：“one or two+復數名詞”做主語，謂語動詞用復數。One or two days are eno ugh to see the city .參觀該市一兩天就足夠了。There are one or two things I want to talk over with you .我有一兩件事想跟你商量。(3) 有生命的集體名詞作主語有生命的集體名詞(如peopie,police，cattle，militia)作主語，謂語動詞用復數形式。Cattle are also kept.還養了一些牛。T

21、here are many people there.那里有很多人。The p olice are looki ng for the thief.公安人員在搜尋那個小偷。All the peopie of the world want peace.全世界人民都渴望和平。注意：family，team，class，government，audienee，crew，committee等集體名詞，如果作 整體看待，謂語動詞用單數形式；如果作個別成員看待，謂語動詞用復數形式。people作“民族”解時，作單數用。Zhangs family is rather big, with twelve peopl

22、e in all.張家很大，一共12口人。The family are sitt ing at the breakfast table.這家人正坐在早餐桌旁。My family is a large one.我家是個大家庭。The class are doi ng exp erime nt in the lab.全班同學正在實驗室里做實驗。The class has won the honour.這個班獲得了榮譽。The Chin ese people is a great people.中華民族是一個偉大的民族。(4)名詞化的形容詞作主語名詞化的形容詞作主語，按照意義一致的原則決定謂語動詞的

23、單、復數形式。如果指一類人，謂語動詞用復數形式，如果指一個人或抽象概念，謂語動詞用單數形式。這類形容詞有：old,young, rich, poor, blind, deaf, dead, sick等。The rich are not always happy.富人也有不開心的時候。The wounded is a policeman.受傷者是一名警察。The beautiful is not always the same as the good.漂亮的不一定就等于好。(5)表示時間、距離、金錢、重量等的復數名詞作主語表示時間、距離、金錢、重量、度量、容量、溫度等的復數名詞做主語，通常看作一

24、個整體，謂語動詞用單數形式。Twenty years has passed since we left school.我們離開學校已經20年了。Ten thousand dollars is a lot of money.一萬美元是一大筆錢。Two mon ths is quite a long time.兩個月時間是很長的。學習必備歡迎下載Two hours is eno ugh for us to do this exp erime nt.我們做這個實驗兩個小時就夠了。Thirty kilometres is a good distance.3O公里是一個相當遠的距離。學習必備歡迎下載注意

25、：如果說話人側重一個個的個體，謂語動詞用復數形式。Twenty years have p assed si nee we p arted.自從我們分手以后20年己經過去了。(6) “a number of十復數可數名詞”與the number of十復數可數名詞”作主語“a number of十復數可數名詞”表示一些、許多”的意思，謂語動詞用復數；“the numberof十復數可數名詞”表示“的數目、數量”，謂語動詞用單數。The nu mber of people in vited was fifty, but a nu mber of them were abse nt for diff

26、ere nt reasons.邀 請來的人數是50，但很多人因不同的原因沒來。A nu mber of books are miss ing from the library.圖書館丟了許多書。The nu mber of workers in this factory is in creas ing.這家工廠的工人數目正在增加。(7)none of和neither of后跟復數名詞或復數代詞作主語none of和neither of后跟復數名詞或復數代詞時，有時作單數看待，有時作復數看待，主要 根據說話人的意思決定。None of them has arrived yet at the se

27、ttlement.他們沒有一個至U達新住宅區。None of them have arrived yet.他們都還沒至U。(8) “分數/百分數+of短語”作主語“分數/百分數+of短語”作主語，這時要以of短語中的名詞是否為復數而定。Two fifths of the land in that district is covered with trees and grass.該地區五分之二的土地為樹 木和草所覆蓋。89% of smokers are male. 89%的吸煙者是男性。In the USA, 75% of the grain is used to feed ani mals.

28、在美國，75%的谷物用來喂養動物。Two-thirds of the earthssurface is sea.地球表面的2/3是海洋。Two-thirds of the people were aga inst the plan. 2/3(9) 表示部分概念或不定數量的名詞或代詞作主語表示部分概念或不定數量的名詞或代詞作主語， 的單、復數形式而定。這些名間或代詞有all，Part，some等。The rest of the buildings are easy to get to.其余的建筑物并不難上。The rest of his life was happy.他的晚年生活很幸福。Most

29、 of my time was spent in readi ng.我大部分時間用來讀書。Most of the peopie are aware of it.大部分人都知道它。Some of the sugar was spilled on the floor.一些糖散落在地上。Some of the apples were spilled on the floor.一些蘋果散落在地上。(10)兩個主語，一個肯定，一個否定，謂語動詞與肯定主語相一致。The paren ts, and not the son, were miss ing.失蹤者不是兒子，而是他的雙親。3、鄰近原則鄰近原則是指

30、謂語動詞要與它最鄰近的名詞或代詞保持人稱與數的一致。Neither he nor I am a student.他和我都不是學生。There is a pen , two chairs and a desk.有一支鋼筆，兩把椅子和一張桌子。 這主要有以下幾種情況。(1)由or，eitheror等連接的并列結構作主語由or、eitheror、nor、neithernor、not onlybut also、notbut連接的并歹U主語，通常按照就近一致原則，謂語動詞的單、復數形式依照靠近它的主語而定。Either you or the headmaster is to hand out the p

31、rizes to these gifted students at the meeting.要么 你要么校長在會議上對這些天才的學生頒獎。的人都反對核計劃。謂語動詞用單數還是復數，應根據后接名詞any,eno ugh,half,more，most，the rest，學習必備歡迎下載Neither he nor I have fini shed the exp erime nt.他和我都沒有做完試驗。Either his frie nds or his brother is wrong.不是他的朋友們錯了，就是他哥哥錯了。Not only I but also Jane and Mary are

32、 tired of havi ng one exam in ati on after ano ther.簡和瑪麗都討厭一個接一個的考試。Not only the teacher but also his stude nts have studied the questi on.不僅老師而且他的學生們都研究了這個問題。（2）在主謂倒裝句時 在主謂倒裝句中，主語并列，謂語動詞的人稱和數與最近的主語相一致。由 導的句子，若有并列主語，謂語也與最靠近的那個主語一致。There is a desk, a table and three chairs in the room.There are three

33、 chairs, a desk and a compu ter in the room.Where is your wife and children to stay while you are away?你不在時妻子和孩子呆在哪兒？ 巧記：單單復復最常見，集體名詞謂用單，如若強調其成員，復數謂語記心間。有些名詞謂常復，people,police即這般。主語單數后接介，謂語單數介無關，many a作主語也如此，謂語動詞應用單。or、nor、but also、there be,近主原則掛嘴邊。關系代詞定主語，謂語根據先行詞判。不定式短語、動名詞，主語從句謂全單。時間、貨幣與距離，謂語多單復少見，

34、rest, means, fol1owing等，意義決定其復、單。none,all,half of等，of之賓語定答案。還有分數、百分數，仍據of之賓定復、單。代詞all指人謂復數，all指事情謂用單。量詞用法請注意，謂語要隨量詞變。and連接兩名詞，身兼兩職一定冠，no,each, every后單名，兩件（種）事（物）系一概念，以上情況請記清，謂語動詞全用單。形容詞帶-s結尾的海峽、山脈與群島，謂語用復勿用單。主謂一致專項練習A.owns, are B.owns, isC.own, is D.own, are6、One of Marxs works_ written in English i

35、n the 1860s.A.was B.were C.would be D.are7、The sheets for your bed _ washing.A.needs B.are needing C.want D.are wanting8、On each side of the street _ a lot of trees.A.stands B.grow C.is standing D.are grown9、Some person _ calling for you at the gate.A.are B.is C.is being D.will be不僅我而且here或there弓Ith

36、e一類人，姓氏復數加定冠，neither，either，each，用作主語謂全單。1、Nothing but cars _in the shop.A.is sold B.are sold C.were sold D.are goingto sell2、No one except Jack and Tom _ the answer.A.knowB.knowsC.is knowing D.are known3、Seventy percent of the students in our schoolA.is B.are C.comes D.are coming4、 _of the money _A

37、.Three-five, are B.Three-fifths, have bee nC.Three-fifths, has been D.Third-fifths, is5、The number of the people who _from the coun tryside.used up.carsin creas ing.學習必備歡迎下載14、Many a studentA.has made B.that mistake before.15、Peter, perhaps John,A.is B.arep lay ing with the little dog.the ant queens

38、 fUlme job.17、Between thetwobuildings A.sta ndingD.is sta ndingwere found B.were founded C.was founded D.was found_were also in vited to the p arty.Mr Smith B.The Smith C.The Smiths D.SmithsA.were set up B.was set up C.were put up D.were built22、Three hours with your girl friend _ to be a short time

39、.A.seem B.seems C.is seeming D.has seemedseems to be B.seem to be C.is seeming to be D.aresinging may join us.10、All that can be eatenA.are being B.has bee nC.had bee n11、Tom s teacher and friendeate n up.D.have bee nMr. Smith.A.are B.is C.are being D.has12、Your new clothes fit you, but mineA.doesnt

40、 fit B.me.dont fit C.doesnt fit for D. dont fit for13、Neither he nor Iam B.are_for the plan.C.is D.wereA.is B.areC.hashave18、I, whoam B.is C.areyour good friend, will share your joys and sorrow. D.was19、The Uni ted Natio nsin 1945.have made C.has bee n made D.had madeC.were D.seems16、Laying eggssta

41、nd B.sta ndsC.a monument.20、21、The glass worksin 1959.23、It was reported that six _including a boy.A.was killed B.were killed C.was killing D.had killeda prisoner.24、The police A.25、26、is searching for B.are searching for C.is searching D.are searched for Deerfasterthan dogs.run B.runs C.are running

42、 D.will rungood care of here now.The wounded27、is taken B.are being taken C.are takingD.is takingThe whole class _ greatly moved at his words.was B.were C.had D.is28、Over 80 percent of the population of China A.was B.is C.are D.will bep easa nts.29、Therea kn ife and fork on the table.30、Those who學習必

43、備歡迎下載are liki ng B.likes C.enjoy D.is fond of31、His family _music lovers.A.all are B.are all C.is D.are being學習必備歡迎下載32、A professor and a writerA.was B.is C.werewas B.were C.have been D.had beenhave B.has C.had D.are havi nga happy one.is B.are C.was D.were38、Most of the mistakesbecause of careless

44、ness.39、were made B.are made C.has been madeD.were makingin readi ng no vels.Most of his time40、are spent B.is spent C.were spent D.was spendingThe rest of the novel _very in teresti ng.were B.areC.is D.seem41、I know that allgett ing on well with her.was B.isC.are D.were42、When and where this took p

45、laceA.are B.were C.is D.still unknown.has43、Not only the workers but also the machineA.are B.were C.is D.hasnot there.44、Very fewhis address in the tow n.45、knows B.know C.are knowing D.has knownTen thousa nd dollars _ a large sum of money.are B.is C.were D.seem46、Twenty miles _A.were B.are C.is D.a

46、 long way to cover.seem to be47、Nine plus threeA.makes B.make C.is making D.are makingtwelve.48、There are two roads and eitherto the statio n.A.leads B.lead C.are leading D.is leading49、My father, together with some of his old friends, _A.have been B.has beenC.had been D.will bethere already.50、My family as well as I _A.am B.are C.is D.wasglad to see you.P rese nt at the meet ing.D.had