1、Unit 4Astronomy：the science of the stars訓練一Warming Up and Reading.寫出下列單詞的正確形式1violence _(形容詞)2religious _(名詞)3like(prep.)_(反義詞)4harm_(形容詞)5astronomer_(名詞：天文學)6explode_(名詞)7disappear _(名詞)8global_(名詞)9develop_(名詞)10existence_(動詞).把下列短語譯成英語或漢語1in all directions _2_及時；遲早3cool down_4_也，又；和一樣好5lay eggs _

2、6_ 產生；分娩7in one's turn_8_ 阻止；制止9as a result of._10_ 依靠；取決于.單詞拼寫1As we climbed up the mountain，the dangers and difficulties _(增加)2A solution has not yet been found to the _(基本的)problems of industrial relations.3The gas given off by automobiles is h_ to people's health.4The present _(制度)of edu

3、cation needs to be improved.5It seems good in t_，but it doesn't work in practice.6Will you help me with this crossword p_？It got me stumped.7The a_ of the city is very much polluted.8With the d_ of modern agriculture and industry，our everyday life has improved a lot.9G_ speaking，girls are better

4、 at learning to speak languages than boys.10The Chinese government did very well in p_ SARS from spreading.答案：.1.violent2.religion3.unlike4.harmful5.astronomy6.explosion7.disappearance8.globe9.development10.exist.1.四面八方2.in time3.冷卻下來；冷靜4.as well as5.下蛋6.give birth to7.輪到某人；接著8.prevent.from9.由于10.de

5、pend on.1.multiplied2.fundamental3.harmful4.system5.theory6.puzzle7.atmosphere8.development9.Generally10.preventing課堂鞏固.閱讀HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTH，回答下列問題1How were stars and other bodies created?AAtoms combined to create them.BClouds of dust combined to create them.CWater combined to create them.D

6、Gases combined to create them.2Which is the most important for life appearing on the earth?AFire.BRock.CWater. DClouds.3It can be known from the passage that _.Aplants and animals appeared on the earth at the same timeBplants appeared later on the earth than animals Cearly shellfish appeared earlier

7、 than plantsDanimals appeared later on the earth than plants4How many years did dinosaurs exist on the earth?AMore than 140 billion years.BMore than 140 million years.CMore than 140 thousand years.DMore than 140 years.5Why can the earth become too hot to live on?ASmall clever animals produce more he

8、at.BSmall clever animals produce too much carbon dioxide.CSmall clever animals don't want heat to escape from the earth.DSmall clever animals like to live in a hot planet.用方框里短語的正確形式填空1Did you catch your plane?Yes，we got there just_.2.The dish tastes good after it_.3We are repairing the roof _pa

9、inting the walls.4Will you go fishing this afternoon?Well，it all _the weather.5Lacey has a back injury that may _her _playing in tomorrow's game.6When school began last summer，most of us met _.7Mice scattered _ when a cat appeared.8_ teamwork，they finished the task ahead of time.9She _ a fine he

10、althy baby last night in this hospital.10The soldier managed to _ the enemy's prison.選詞填空(in time，on time，in no time，at one time，at times，at any time)1Why are you in a hurry to leave here?To get home _ to bathe the children.2These buses are never _ and the passengers are always complaining.3Whil

11、e I am away，please call me _ if someone comes to see me.4You can't imagine this lake used to be a beautiful place in our province _.5He rushed out of the kitchen _ when he heard the shout.6_ I sit silently and wonder if this kind of job is worth all the effort.答案：.1.A2.C3.D4.B5.B.1.in time2.cool

12、s down3.as well as4.depends on5.prevent；from6.for the first time7.in all directions8.As a result of 9.gave birth to10.escape from.1.in time2.on time3.at any time4.at one time5.in no time6.At times提示：in time“及時”；on time“按時”；in no time“立即，馬上”；at one time“曾經”；at timessometimes“有時”；at any time“在任何時候”。基礎

13、達標.根據漢語提示完成句子1_(顯而易見)，a blind man ought not to drive an automobile.2What he does _(與大不相同)what he tells me.3His few material possessions _(使可能)for him to move from place to place with ease.4The heavy rain _(阻止我們爬山)；at last we had to decided on another thing.5The boy _(名叫湯姆的)has just arrived and is go

14、ing to study Chinese in China.答案：1.It is obvious that2.is quite different from3.make it possible4.prevented us(from)climbing the hill5.called Tom.單項填空1There _be a lot of trees in front of our classroom，but now there aren't any.Awould Bused toCwas used to Dgot used to答案：1.B本題考查詞和短語的辨析。would do可以表

15、示“過去常常做某事”；used to意為“曾經”；be/get used to sth./doing sth.意為“習慣于”。句意：過去我們的教室前有許多樹，但現在沒有了。2Don't shut the door _，please.Avident BviolenceCviolently Dhardly答案：2C修飾動詞shut應用副詞violently。3(2009全國高考，13)Jenny nearly missed the flight _ doing too much shopping.Aas a result of Bon top of Cin front of Din nee

16、d of答案：3A句意：詹妮由于買了太多的東西差點誤了飛機。as a result of“由于，因為”；on top of“在之上，在的上面；加之”；in front of“在前面”；in need of“需要”。4The girl hated the boy but loved him _.Aat the same time Bin time Cat a time Don time答案：4A本題考查相關短語的辨析。at the same time“同時”。句意：她恨那個男孩，但同時又愛他。in time“及時”；at a time“每次，一次”；on time“按時”。5Professor

17、Smith，as well as his assistants，_ on the project day and night to meet the deadline.Awork Bworking Cis working Dare working答案：5C本題考查主謂一致。句意：為了按時完工，史密斯教授和他的助手夜以繼日的忙于這一工程。現在進行時可以表示目前這一階段正在干的事。as well as連接主語時謂語動詞的單復數跟前面的主語保持一致，故用is working 。6Some animals use their colors to_ themselves from _.Aprevent；

18、hurting Bprotect；hurtCprotect；being hurt Dprevent；hurt答案：6C動詞的用法區別。prevent sb.from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”；protect sb.from doing sth.“保護某人免于”；兩種結構中的from為介詞，后面跟名詞、代詞或動名詞，排除B、D兩項；動詞 hurt 與其邏輯主語themselves之間為動賓關系，故用過去分詞表被動。句意：有些動物利用自身的顏色保護自己免受傷害。7We are _happy to hear of the success of our team.Aenough Bmor

19、e thanCmany more Dmuch many答案：7B“more than形容詞/副詞/動詞”這種形式用來表示被修飾的形容詞、副詞或動詞的強烈程度，其目的是為了加強語氣，意思是“非常；豈止；極其”。enough修飾形容詞、副詞需放在它們的后面；many more用于修飾可數名詞；沒有much many這種用法。8It _ that the manager was content with what we had done.Aappeared Blooked Cseems Dappears答案：8A本題考查動詞的用法區別。look，seem，appear都可以作“看起來”解。seem和

20、 appear都可以構成 It seems/appears that.結構，look則不能。A、C、D三項中只有 appear和 that從句的時態相吻合，故A項為正確選項。9It is _Tom to drink so much；I wonder if he's all right.Alike BlikelyCunlike Dunlikely答案：9C由下文的“我懷疑他是否正常”可知應用unlike，表示“不像”。10The camera(相機)isn't _.It still _where I _it a month ago.Amissed；lies；lay Bmissin

21、g；lies；laidCgone；lays；laid Dlost；lays；lay答案：10B第一個空表示“丟了”，B、C、D三項均可，missed不能表示此意，故排除A項；第二個空lie表示“位于”，而lay表示“放置”，至此C、D兩項也可以排除掉了。第三空lay是及物動詞，意為“放置”，表此意義時lay的過去式為laid。11Shops should _open till late in the evening.Abe remained BremainCleave Dkeeps答案：11Bremain作系動詞時后接形容詞、分詞、名詞、介詞短語等，構成系表結構，表示“(繼續)保持，仍然處于某

22、種狀態”。A、D兩項動詞形式不對；C項用作使役動詞缺少對象，要說成Shops should be left open.在語法上才對。12My idea is different _yours，that is to say，I don't allow _here.Afrom；smoking Bin；smokingCof；to smoke Dfrom；to smoke答案：12.Abe different from.和allow doing sth.都是固定短語。13We can't continue to pretend that the problem of homelessn

23、ess doesn't _ in this city.Aexist Blive Cbe Dsurvive答案：13Aexist“在存”；live“生活；居住”；be“是”；survive“幸存”。句意：我們不能繼續妄稱城市里不存在無家可歸的問題了。14At last，I made up my mind to speak the truth _of the whole class.Ain the present Bat the present Cin the presence Dat the presence答案：14Cpresent作名詞表示“目前，現在”，at presentnow；

24、in the presence of.意思是“在面前”。句意：最后，我決定在全體同學面前說出真相。15They had a _ quarrel and John stormed out.Aviolent Bcruel Cstrong Dharmful答案：15Aviolent“激烈的”；cruel“殘忍的，殘酷的”；strong作“激烈的”講時常形容感情；harmful“有害的”。句意：他們大吵了一架，約翰氣沖沖地離開了。綜合提升.完形填空Space is a dangerous place，not only because of meteors(流星)but also because of

25、rays from the sun and other stars.The atmosphere again acts _1_our protective blanket on _2_.Light gets through，and this is essential _3_plants to make the food which we _4_.Heat，_5_，makes our environments tolerable and some ultraviolet(紫外線的)rays penetrate the _6_.Cosmic(宇宙的)rays of various kinds co

26、me _7_the air from outer space，but _8_quantities of radiation from the sun are screened off._9_men leave the atmosphere they are _10_to this radiation；_11_ their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft，if they are inside，_12_prevent a lot of radiation damage.Radiation is the greatest known dange

27、r to explorers in _13_.Doses of radiation are measured in _14_ called “rems(雷目)”We all _15_radiation here on earth from the sun，from cosmic rays and from radioactive minerals.The“ _16_”dose of radiation that we receive each year is about two millirems；it_17_according to where you live，and this is a

28、very rough estimate.Scientists have reason to think _18_ a man can _19_ far more radiation _20_without being damaged；the figure of 60 rems has been agreed.1A.for Bwith Con Das2A.stars Bsun Cearth Dspace3A.with Bfrom Cunder Dfor4A.use Blive Ceat Dget5A.again Balso Cbesides Dtoo6A.environment Bspace C

29、atmosphere Dearth7A.across Bto Cfrom Dthrough8A.valid Benormous Cvarious Dproper9A.As soon as BAs well as CAs much as DAs possible as10A.shown Bexposed Cfaced Dcovered11A.but Bbecause Cso Dso that12A.get Bmake Chave Ddo13A.earth Batmosphere Cspace Denvironment14A.pieces Bunits Cparts Delements15A.re

30、ceive Baccept Cbring Dcatch16A.conventional Bcommon Cgeneral Dnormal17A.shifts Bconverts Cmodifies Dvaries18A.what Bwhich Cthat Dwhy19A.put up with Bkeep up with Ccome up with Dcatch up with20A.from Bthan Cas Daway答案：1.Dact as“充當，起作用”；act for“代表，代理”；act on“按照”。本句意為：大氣層起到保護傘的作用。2C由上題可知大氣層起到保護傘的作用，保護的

31、應該是地球。故選C項。3Dbe essential for“對來說是首要的、基礎的”，固定搭配。4C由題意可知植物依靠陽光來制造我們吃的食物，故選C項。5D本句意為：熱也能使我們的生產環境溫度適宜，紫外線可以穿透大氣。also一般緊跟動詞；besides一般用在句前；too可用在句中，用逗號隔開。6C根據上題所講，penetrate這個動詞后面應接atmosphere“大氣”這個名詞。7D這里的come through相當于penetrate，“穿透”。come across“偶遇”；come to“來到”；come from“來自”。本句意為：各類來自外部空間的宇宙射線穿透大氣層，故選com

32、e through。8Bvalid“有效的”；various“各種各樣的”；proper“合適的”。在四個選項中只有enormous表示“大量的”。9Aas soon as“一就”；as well as“除之外”；as much as“和一樣多”；as possible as“盡可能的”。本句意為：人類一離開大氣層就會接觸到射線。故選A項。10Bbe exposed to“暴露于”，show“展示”；face“面對”；cover“覆蓋，涉及，包含”。根據句意應選B項。11A本句前半句的意思是：人們一離開大氣層就會接觸射線；后半句意思是：他們的太空服和太空船會阻止射線造成的損害。前后應該是轉折關

33、系，故用but。12Ddo動詞原形的結構表示強調謂語動詞。13C由radiation和explorers可推測，應選space(太空)。本句意為：射線是探險者在太空遇見的已知的最大危險。14Bunit“單位、單元”；element“元素”；part“部分”；piece“碎片”。本句意為：射線的多少可以以雷目這個測量單位測量。15Areceive表示客觀收到；accept表示主觀接受。我們受到的輻射并非主觀接受。16Dconventional“傳統的”；common“共同的，普通的”；general“一般的，總體的”；normal“正常的”。本句意為：我們每年接受的正常輻射量大約為2毫雷目。故選

34、normal。17Dshift“移動”；convert“轉換”；modify“修改”；vary“變化”。本句句意：所處地點不同，所受輻射量也不一樣，故選varies。18C本句應填入引導賓語從句的代詞，而從句不缺少主語和賓語，因而不選擇what和which，加之主句是陳述語氣，故選擇that。19Aput up with“忍受”，固定搭配。keep up with和catch up with意為“跟上”，come up with意為“提出”。20B與前面的more相對應。.閱讀表達If the sun has enough power to warm and light the whole e

35、arth，it must have enough power to do other things，too.Can we use the sun's abundant energy to supply electricity，or at least to perform the functions which electricity or other types of power usually perform？The answer is yes.For example，people have for many years been using the reflected heat o

36、f the sun to cook.Solar cookers have been built with several curved(彎曲)mirrors reflecting the sun and focusing its heat on the cooking component.This_equipment_can_be_used_ just_like_a_gas_or_electric_stove；it_is_more_expensive_to_make_but_it_does_not_need_any_fuel，and_so_costsnothing_to_use. Anothe

37、r possibility of using solar energy is in househeating.The form of energy we use most is electricity，and every day more is needed.But electricity has to be made，too，and to make it _ are requiredoil，gas and nowadays even uranium(鈾)The question which worries everyone today is：how long will these fuels last？Nobody knows it for sure，but most experts think it will soon be difficult to obtain sufficient electricity from these sources.It is possible that the sun can make a contribution here，too.Solar power has already been u