1、目錄1.建筑專業1. ARCHITECTUREa.設計依據DESIGN BASIS b.設計階段DESIGN STAGEc.氣象條件CLIMATE CONDITION d. 常用房間名稱GENERAL ROOM NAMEe. 屋面及天棚ROOFING & CEILINGf. 墻體(外墻板) WALL(CLADDING)g. 地面及地溝FLOOR & TRENCHh.門、玻璃、窗及五金件DOORS 、GLASS、WINDOWS & IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE) I.樓梯、休息平臺及電梯 STAIRCASE、LANDING & LIFT(ELEVATO

2、R)j.建筑材料詞匯及短語 BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS AND PHRASES磚和瓦【 Bricks and Tiles 】灰、砂和石【Lime, Sand and Stone】 水泥、砂漿和混凝土【Cement, Mortar and Concrete】飾面及粉刷材料【Facing And Plastering Materials】瀝青和石棉【Asphalt (Bitumen) and Asbestos】木材【Timber】金屬材料【Metallic Materials 】有色金屬【Non-Ferrous Metal 】防腐蝕材料【Anti-Corrosion Mater

3、ials】建筑五金【Building Hardware 】油漆【Paint 】k.其他建筑術語 OTHER ARCHITECTURAL TERMS 專業【Discipline 】一般術語【Conventional Terms】建筑物理【Architectural Physics】職務名稱【Name Of Professional role】制圖【Drafting】2.結構專業2. STRUCTURE a. 負載 LOAD b.地基和基礎 GROUND BASE AND FOUNDATION c.鋼筋混凝土結構 REINFORCEMENT CONCRETE STRUCTURE d.鋼結構 STE

4、EL STRUCTURE e.抗震設計 DESIGN FOR ANTISEISMICf. 設計常用詞匯GENERAL WORDS FOR DESIGNg.施工常用詞匯 GENERAL WORDS FOR CONSTRUCTION a. 設計依據DESIGN BASIS計劃建議書 planning proposals設計任務書 design order標準規范standards and codes條件圖information drawing設計基礎資料basic data for design工藝流程圖 process flow chart工程地質資料engineering geological

5、 data原始資料original data設計進度 schedule of designb. 設計階段STAGE OF DESIGN方案 scheme；draft草圖 sketch會談紀要summary of discussion, minutes of meeting談判negotiation可行性研究feasibility study初步設計 preliminary design基礎設計 basic design詳細設計 detail design詢價圖enquiry drawing施工圖working drawing, construction drawing竣工圖 as built

6、drawingC. 氣象條件CLIMATE CONDITION日照 sunshine風玫瑰wind rose主導風向 prevailing wind direction最大(平均)風速maximum (mean) wind velocity風荷載 wind load最大(平均)降雨量maximum (mean) rainfall雷擊及閃電 thunder and lightning颶風hurricane臺風typhoon旋風cyclone降雨強度rainfall intensity年降雨量annual rainfall濕球溫度wet bulb temperature干球溫度 dry bulb

7、temperature冰凍期frost period冰凍線 frost line 冰凍區frost zone室外計算溫度calculating outdoor temperature采暖地區 region with heating provision不采暖地區 region without heating provision絕對大氣壓absolute atmospheric pressure相對濕度 relative humidity d.常用房間名稱GENERAL ROOM NAME服務用房service room換班室shift room休息室 rest room (break room)

8、起居室living room浴室bathroom淋浴間 shower更衣室locker room廁所lavatory門廳lobby診室 clinic工作間 workshop電氣開關室 switch room走廊corridor檔案室 archive電梯機房 lift motor room會議室(正式) conference room衣柜間 ward robe暖風間 H.V.A.C room接待處 reception area會計室 accountant room秘書室 secretary room電氣室 electrical room控制室 control room工長室 foreman of

9、fice開關柜室 switch gear前室 ante cabinet (Ante.)生產區 production area馬達控制中心 Mcc多功能用房 utility room化驗室laboratory room經理室 manager room披 屋(閣樓) penthouse警衛室 guard housee. 屋面及天棚ROOFING AND CEILING女兒墻 parapet雨蓬 canopy屋脊 roof ridge坡度 slope坡跨比 pitch分水線 water-shed二氈三油2 layers of felt & 3 coats of bit mastic附加油氈一

10、層extra ply of felt檐口 eave挑檐 overhanging eave檐溝 eave gutter平屋面 flat roof坡屋面 pitched roof雨水管downspout, rain water pipe)(R.W.P)匯水面積 catchment area泛水flashing內排水 interior drainage外排水 exterior drainage屋面排水 roof drainage找平層 leveling course卷材屋面 built-up roofing天棚ceiling檁條 purlin屋面板 roofing board天花板 ceiling

11、board防水層water-proof course檢查孔 inspection hole人孔 ; 探空manhole吊頂suspended ceiling, false ceiling檐板(窗簾盒)cornicef.墻體(外墻板) WALL (CLADDING) 磚墻 brick wall砌塊墻block wall清水磚墻 brick wall without plastering抹灰墻 rendered wall石膏板墻 gypsum board, plaster board空心磚墻 hollow brick wall承重墻 bearing wall非承重墻 non-bearing wal

12、l縱墻 longitudinal wall橫墻transverse wall外墻 external (exterior) wall內墻internal (interior) wall填充墻 filler wall防火墻 fire wall窗間墻 wall between window空心墻 cavity wall壓頂 coping圈梁 gird, girt, girth玻璃隔斷 glazed wall防潮層 damp-proof course (D.P.C)遮陽板sunshade陽臺balcony伸縮縫 expansion joint沉降縫 settlement joint抗震縫 seismi

13、c joint復合夾心板sandwich board壓型單板corrugated single steel plate外墻板 cladding panel復合板 composite panel輕質隔斷 light-weight partition牛腿 bracket磚煙囪 brick chimney勒腳(基座) plinthg. 地面及地溝FLOOR AND TRENCH地坪 grade地面和樓面ground and floor素土夯實rammed earth爐渣夯實tamped cinder填土 filled earth回填土夯實tamped backfill墊層 bedding cours

14、e, blinding面層 covering, finish結合層 bonding (binding) course找平層 leveling course素水泥漿結合層 neat cement binding course混凝土地面 concrete floor水泥地面 cement floor機器磨平混凝土地面machine toweled concrete floor水磨石地面 terrazzo flooring馬賽克地面 mosaic flooring瓷磚地面 ceramic tile flooring油地氈地面linoleum flooring預制水磨 石地面 precast terr

15、azzo flooring硬木花地面 hard-wood parquet flooring擱柵joist硬木毛地面hard-wood rough flooring企口板地面tongued and grooved flooring防酸地面 acid-resistant floor鋼筋混凝土樓板 reinforced concrete slab (R.C Slab)乙烯基地面vinyl flooring水磨石嵌條 divider strip for terrazzo地面做2坡 floor with 2% slope集水溝 gully集水口 gulley排水溝 drainage trench溝蓋板

16、trench cover活動蓋板 removable cover plate集水坑 sump pit孔翻邊 hole up stand電纜溝 cable trenchh. DOORS, GLASS, WINDOWS & IRONMONGERY (HARDWARE) 門、玻璃、窗及五金件木 (鋼)門 wooden (steel) door鑲板門 panelled door夾板門 plywood door鋁合金門 aluminum alloy door卷簾門 roller shutter door彈簧門 swing door推拉門 sliding door平開門 side-hung doo

17、r折疊門 folding door旋轉門 revolving door玻璃門 glazed door密閉門 air-Tight door保溫門thermal insulating door鍍鋅鐵絲網門galvanized steel wire mesh door防火門 fire door(大門上的)小門 wicket門框 door frame門扇 door leaf門洞door opening結構開洞structural opening單扇門single door雙扇門 double door疏散門emergency door紗門 screen door門檻 door sill門過梁 door

18、 lintel上冒頭 top rail下冒頭 bottom rail門邊木 stile門樘側料 side jumb槽口 notch百葉窗 (通風為主)sun-bind, louver (louver, shutter, blind)塑鋼窗 plastic steel window空腹鋼窗 hollow steel window固定窗 fixed window平開窗side-hung window推拉窗sliding window氣窗 transom上懸窗 top-hung window中懸窗 center-pivoted window下懸窗 hopper window活動百葉窗 adjusta

19、ble louver天窗 skylight老虎窗 dormer window密封雙層玻璃 sealed double glazing鋼筋混凝土過梁reinforced concrete lintel鋼筋磚過梁 reinforced brick lintel窗扇 casement sash窗臺 window sill窗臺板 window board窗中梃mullion窗橫木 mutin窗邊木 stile壓縫條cover mould窗簾盒 curtain box合頁(鉸鏈) hinge (butts)轉軸 pivot長腳鉸鏈 parliament hinge閉門器 door closer地彈簧 f

20、loor closer插銷 bolt門鎖 door lock拉手 pull鏈條 chain門鉤 door hanger碰球 ball latch窗鉤 window catch暗插銷 insert bolt電動開關器 electrical opener 平板玻璃 plate glass夾絲玻璃 wire glass透明玻璃 clear glass毛玻璃(磨砂玻璃) ground glass (frosted glass)防彈玻璃 bullet-proof glass石英玻璃 quartz glass吸熱玻璃 heat absorbing glass磨光玻璃 polished glass著色玻璃

21、pigmented glass玻璃瓦 glass tile玻璃磚 glass block有機玻璃 organic glass. I 樓梯、休息平臺及電梯STAIRCASE, LANDING & LIFT (ELEVATOR)樓梯間 staircase疏散梯 emergency stair旋轉梯 spiral stair (circular stair)吊車梯 crane ladder直爬梯 vertical ladder踏步 step扇形踏步 winder (wheel step)踏步板 tread檔步板 riser踏步寬度 tread width防滑條 non-slip insert

22、 (strips)欄桿 railing (balustrade)平臺欄桿 platform railing吊裝孔欄桿 railing around mounting hole扶手 handrail梯段高度 height of flight防護梯籠 protecting cage (safety cage)平臺 landing (platform)操作平臺 operating platform裝卸平臺platform for loading & unloading樓梯平臺 stair landing電梯機房 lift mortar room電梯坑 lift pit電梯井道 lift sh

23、aftj. 建筑材料詞匯及短語BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS AND PHRASES• 磚和瓦Bricks and Tiles 紅磚 red brick粘土磚 clay brick瓷磚 glazed brick (ceramic tile)防火磚 fire brick空心磚 hollow brick面磚 facing brick地板磚 flooring tile缸磚 clinkery brick馬賽克 mosaic陶粒混凝土 ceramsite concrete琉璃瓦 glazed tile脊瓦 ridge tile石棉瓦 asbestos tile (sh

24、ingle)波形石棉水泥瓦corrugated asbestos cement sheet• 灰、砂和石 Lime, Sand and Stone石膏 gypsum大理石 marble漢白玉 white marble花崗巖 granite碎石 crushed stone毛石 rubble蛭石 vermiculite珍珠巖 pearlite卵石 cobble礫石 gravel粗砂 course sand中砂medium sand細砂fine sand• 水泥、砂漿和混凝土Cement, Mortar and Concrete波特蘭水泥(普通硅酸鹽水泥)Po

25、rtland cement硅酸鹽水泥 silicate cement火山灰水泥 pozzolana cement白水泥 white cement水泥砂漿 cement mortar石灰砂漿 lime mortar水泥石灰砂漿(混合砂漿) cement-lime mortar保溫砂漿 thermal mortar防水砂漿 water-proof mortar耐酸砂漿 acid-resistant mortar耐堿砂漿 alkaline-resistant mortar瀝青砂漿 bituminous mortar紙筋灰 paper strip mixed lime mortar麻刀灰 hemp c

26、ut lime mortar灰縫 mortar joint素混凝土 plain concrete鋼筋混凝土 reinforced concrete輕質混凝土 lightweight concrete細石混凝土 fine aggregate concrete瀝青混凝土 asphalt concrete泡沫混凝土 foamed concrete爐渣混凝土 cinder concrete 飾面及粉刷材料Facing And Plastering Materials水刷石granitic plaster斬假石 artificial stone刷漿 lime wash可賽銀 casein大白漿 whit

27、e wash麻刀灰打底 hemp cuts and lime as base噴大白漿兩道sprayed twice with white wash分格抹水泥砂漿cement mortar plaster sectioned板條抹灰 lath and plaster• 瀝青和石棉 Asphalt(Bitumen) and Asbestos瀝青卷材asphalt felt瀝青填料 asphalt filler瀝青膠泥asphalt grout冷底子油 adhesive bitumen primer瀝青瑪啼脂 asphaltic mastic瀝青麻絲 bitumastic oak

28、um石棉板 asbestos sheet石棉纖維 asbestos fiber• 木材Timber 裂縫 crack 透裂split 環裂 shake 干縮shrinkage 翹曲warping 原木 log 圓木 round timber 方木square timber 板材 plank 木條 batten 板條 lath 木板 board 紅松 red pine 白松 white pine 落葉松 deciduous pine 云杉 spruce 樟木 camphor wood 防腐處理的木材preservative-treated lumber 膠合板 plywood

29、 三(五)合板 3(5)-plywood 企口板 tongued and grooved board 層夾板 laminated plank 膠合層夾木材 glue-laminated lumber 纖維板 fiber-board•金屬材料 Metallic Materials 黑色金屬 ferrous metal圓鋼 steelbBar方鋼 square steel扁鋼 steel atrap型鋼 steel section (shape)槽鋼 channel角鋼 angle steel等邊角鋼 equal-leg angle不等邊角鋼 unequal-leg angle

30、工字鋼 I-beam寬翼緣工字鋼 wide flange I-beam丁( 之)字鋼 T-bar (Z-bar)冷彎薄壁型鋼light gauge cold-formed steel shape熱軋hot-rolled冷軋cold-rolled冷拉 cold-drawn冷壓cold-pressed合金鋼alloy steel鈦合金titanium alloy不銹鋼 stainless steel竹節鋼筋 corrugated steel bar變形鋼筋 deformed bar光圓鋼筋 plain round bar鋼板 steel plate薄鋼板 thin steel plate低碳鋼 l

31、ow carbon steel冷彎 cold bending鋼管 steel pipe (tube)無縫鋼管 seamless steel pipe焊接鋼管 welded steel pipe黑鐵管 iron pipe鍍鋅鋼管 galvanized steel pipe鑄鐵 cast iron生鐵 pig iron熟鐵 wrought iron鍍鋅鐵皮 galvanized steel sheet鍍鋅鐵絲galvanized steel wire鋼絲網 steel wire mesh多孔金屬網 expanded metal錳鋼 lmanaganese steel高強度合金鋼 high stre

32、ngth alloy steel• 有色金屬 Non-Ferrous Metal白金 platinum銅 copper黃銅 brass青銅 bronze銀 silver鋁 aluminum鉛 lead• 防腐蝕材料Anti-Corrosion Materials聚乙烯 polythene, polyethylene尼龍 nylon聚氯乙烯 PVC (polyvinyl chloride)聚碳酸酯 polycarbonate聚苯乙烯 polystyrene丙烯酸樹酯 acrylic resin乙烯基酯 vinyl ester橡膠內襯 rubber lini

33、ng氯丁橡膠 neoprene瀝青漆 bitumen paint環氧樹脂漆 epoxy resin paint氧化鋅底漆 zinc oxide primer防銹漆 anti-rust paint耐酸漆 acid-resistant paint耐堿漆 alkali-resistant paint水玻璃 sodium silicate樹脂砂漿 resin-bonded mortar環氧樹脂 epoxy resin• Building Hardware 建筑五金釘子 nails螺紋屋面釘spiral-threaded roofing nail環紋石膏板釘annular-ring

34、gypsum board nail螺絲 screws平頭螺絲 flat-head screw螺栓 bolt普通螺栓 commercial/plain bolt高強螺栓 high strength bolt預埋螺栓 insert bolt脹錨螺栓 cinch bolt墊片 washer•油漆 Paint 底漆 primer防銹底漆 rust-inhibitive primer防腐漆 anti-corrosion paint調和漆 mixed paint無光漆 flat paint透明漆 varnish銀粉漆 aluminum paint磁漆 enamel paint干性油 d

35、rying oil稀釋劑 thinner焦油 tar瀝青漆 asphalt paint桐油 tung oil, Chinese wood oil紅丹 red lead鉛油 lead oil膩子 puttyk. OTHER ARCHITECTURAL TERMS 其它建筑術語• 專業Discipline建筑 architecture土木 civil給排水 water supply and drainage總圖 plot plan采暖通風 H.V.A.C (heating、ventilation and air conditioning)電力供應 electric power

36、supply電氣照明 electric lighting電訊 telecommunication儀表 instrument熱力供應 heat power supply動力 mechanical power工藝 process technology管道 piping• 一般通用名詞Conventional Terms 建筑原理 architectonics建筑形式 architectural style民用建筑 civil architecture城市建筑 urban architecture農村建筑 rural architecture附屬建筑 auxiliary buil

37、dings城市規劃 city planning廠區內 within site廠區外 offsite封閉式 closed type開敞式 open type半開敞式 semi-open type模數制 modular system單位造價 unit cost概算 preliminary estimate承包商 constructor, contractor現場 site擴建 extension改建 reconstruction防火 fire-prevention防震 aseismatic, quake-proof防腐 anti-corrosion防潮 dump-proof防水 water-pro

38、of防塵 dust-proof防銹 rust-proof車流量 traffic volume貨流量 freight traffic volume人流量 pedestrian volume透視圖 perspective drawing建筑模型 building model• 建筑物理 Architectural Physics照明illumination照度degree of illumination亮度brightness日照 sunshine天然采光 natural lighting光強light intensity側光 side light頂光top light眩光 g

39、laze方位角 azimuth輻射 radiation對流 convection傳導 conduction遮陽 sun-shade保溫 thermal insulation恒溫 constant temperature恒濕 constant humidity噪音 noise隔音 sound-proof吸音sound absorption露點dew point隔汽 vapor-proof 職務名稱Name Of Professional role項目經理 project manager (PM)設計經理 design manager首席建筑師principal architect總工程師 chi

40、ef engineer土木工程師 civil engineer工藝工程師 process engineer電氣工程師 electrical engineer機械工程師 mechanical engineer計劃工程師 planning engineer助理工程師 assistant engineer實習生 probationer專家 specialist, expert制圖員 draftsman技術員 technician• 制圖 Drafting總說明 general specification工程說明 project specification采用標準規范目錄list

41、of standards and specification adopted圖紙目錄 list of drawings平面圖 plan局部放大圖 detail with enlarged scale平面示意圖 schematic plan of.平剖面圖 sectional plan of.留孔平面圖 plan of provision of holes剖面 section縱剖面longitudinal section橫剖面 cross (transverse) section立面 elevation正立面 front elevation透視圖 perspective drawing側立面 s

42、ide elevation背立面 back elevation詳圖 detail drawings典型節點 typical detail節點號 detail No.首頁 front page圖紙目錄及說明list of contents and description圖例legend示意圖diagram草圖 sketch荷載簡圖load diagram流程示意圖 flow diagram標準圖standard drawing布置圖.layout of .地形圖topographical map土方工程圖 earth-work drawing展開圖 developed drawing模板圖for

43、mwork drawing配筋arrangement of reinforcement表格 tables工程進度表 working schedule技術經濟指標technical and economical index建、構筑物一覽表list of buildings and structures編號 coding序列號serial No.行和欄rows and columns備注 remarks等級grade直線straight Line曲線curves曲折線 zigzag line虛線 dotted line實線 solid line影線 hatching line點劃線 dot and

44、 dash line軸線 axis等高線 contour Line中心線center Line雙曲線hyperbola拋物線 parabola切線 tangent Line尺寸線dimension Line園形 round環形 annular方形 square矩形 rectangle平行四邊形 parallelogram三角形 triangle五角形 pentagon六角形 hexagon八角形 octagon梯形 trapezoid圓圈 circle弓形 sagment扇形 sector球形的 spherical拋物面 paraboloid圓錐形 cone橢圓形 ellipse, oblong面積 area體積 volume容量 capacity重量 weight質量 mass牛頓/平方米 Newton/square meter千克/立方米 kilogram/cubic meter加侖 gallon千磅 kip平均尺寸average dimension變尺寸 variable dimension外形尺寸 overall dimension展開尺寸 developed dimension內徑 inside diameter外徑 o