1、大學(xué)英語四級考試輔導(dǎo)大學(xué)英語四級考試輔導(dǎo)-3-3 小短文小短文提問方式及解題對策短文聽力的提問方式最常見的有4種類型1.1.中心思想題。中心思想題。這類問題主要是測試文章的主題思想。提問方式有：What is the main idea of the passage? What can we learn from this passage? What is the best title for this passage? What is the passage mainly about? What is the speaker talking about?等等。1.1.中心思想題中心思想題-解

2、題對策做這一類題時(shí)一定要注意集中精力聽好短文的開頭開頭，因?yàn)樗募壜犃Χ涛囊话銜_門見山，把中心思想置于文章的開頭。另外，如果文中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)同一詞匯或反復(fù)出現(xiàn)同一詞匯或同一類詞匯同一類詞匯，同樣也值得我們特別注意，因?yàn)榘羞@類詞匯的選項(xiàng)能較好地體現(xiàn)中心思想，通常就是正確答案。例如：15-6-16 15-6-25 13-6-23 12-12-22 每篇文章的第一和最后一題 SEAL2.2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。所考察的細(xì)節(jié)包括具體時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、主要人物或事件、各種數(shù)字等，問題一般為wh-question的形式。這類題要求我們聽到文中出現(xiàn)時(shí)間、數(shù)字時(shí)一定要特別敏感，及時(shí)做好筆記；另外，文中一旦出現(xiàn)以

3、因果連詞(如because, so, due to等)和轉(zhuǎn)折連詞(如yet, but, however, though等)引導(dǎo)的句子也要格外留心，這些地方往往就是考點(diǎn)。例如：2015-6-16 yet 13-6-19 because 3.3.對錯(cuò)判斷題。對錯(cuò)判斷題。這類題常用以下提問方式：Which of the following is true/not true, according to the passage? Which of the following is not mentioned?等等。聽到這類題時(shí)，一定要聽清提問，對于有沒有not一詞要弄清楚。一般情況下，not一詞會重讀。

4、4.4.推理推測題。推理推測題。這類題需要對文中的信息進(jìn)行分析推斷，才能作出正確的選擇。提問方式有：What can be infer from the passage? What does the speaker think about the problem.? What does the speaker most concerned about? How does the writer feel about.?等等。做這類題時(shí)一定要注意與短文內(nèi)容一樣的不是推斷，而且一定要根據(jù)短文的觀點(diǎn)而不是根據(jù)自己的觀點(diǎn)來推斷。例如：13-6-16故事文體裁的聽力短文攻略故事文體裁的聽力短文攻略聽力短文

5、通常鎖定在記敘文和說明文兩類體裁上。而記敘文除知識性短文外，考查較多的主要是故事文故事文。08-6-passage 2&308-6-passage 2&308-1-passage 208-1-passage 2相對于知識性短文而言，由于故事性短文考試&大的時(shí)間和情節(jié)的完整性，整體上難度不大。在考試中，考生只要根據(jù)短文的故事情節(jié)理清脈絡(luò)，搞懂邏輯關(guān)系即可獲得正確信息，解答所設(shè)題目。在故事性短文聽力中，正確獲取人物和主要事件的信息顯得極為重要，因此適當(dāng)記錄故事中所出現(xiàn)的時(shí)間及對應(yīng)的重大事件便成為解決故事性短文的關(guān)鍵。此外，文章結(jié)尾往往涉及所介紹人物或事件的當(dāng)前形勢和最新發(fā)展

6、，同樣不容忽視。故事性短文在四級考試中的測試主要集中在三類問題上： 時(shí)間、對應(yīng)的事件及原因(when-what-why-question)； 人物及專有名詞的細(xì)節(jié)提問 (Proper Name-question)； 結(jié)尾句或故事寓意的提問 (moral-question)。1. 1. 時(shí)間、對應(yīng)的事件及原因時(shí)間、對應(yīng)的事件及原因 (when-what-why-question) (when-what-why-question)由于故事性短文其自身的特點(diǎn)-以故事情節(jié)介紹為主，因此在故事性短文問題的設(shè)置中數(shù)when-what-why-question最為常見，即問及故事中某一時(shí)間和其對應(yīng)的事件，有

7、時(shí)還會涉及該事件背后的原因。該類問題是對細(xì)節(jié)的考查，經(jīng)常用于此句型結(jié)構(gòu)的問題有： When did ? What happened in year .? What is the finding of ? Why are important events in ? “why is it difficult to ? Why do have to keep the present jobs?等。解答此類問題的關(guān)鍵是在瀏覽所給問題的基礎(chǔ)上，迅速得到關(guān)鍵詞或關(guān)鍵句型，如：because， so，therefore，the reasonis that，whyis等。在聽短文時(shí)便可有針對性地做出筆記以記錄

8、問題所涉及到的時(shí)間、對應(yīng)的事件以及其背后的原因。2. 2. 人物及專有名詞的細(xì)節(jié)提問人物及專有名詞的細(xì)節(jié)提問 (Proper Name- (Proper Name-question)question)故事性短文在進(jìn)行故事情節(jié)敘述時(shí)不可避免地會涉及到人物、地點(diǎn)和一些專有名詞，因此在故事性短文問題的設(shè)置中對專有名詞的細(xì)節(jié)考查也較為常見。經(jīng)常用于此句型結(jié)構(gòu)的問題有：What do we learn from the passage about ? What does the speaker tell us about Catherine Gram?等。解答此類問題的關(guān)鍵是瀏覽題干、圈點(diǎn)專有名詞后，關(guān)

9、注文章中所出現(xiàn)該名詞的相關(guān)句子，并做簡單記錄。如果其相關(guān)信息不止一點(diǎn)時(shí)，一定要注意列點(diǎn)記錄以防遺漏。3. 3. 結(jié)尾句或故事寓意的提問結(jié)尾句或故事寓意的提問 (moral-question) (moral-question)故事性短文的結(jié)尾句通常包含該故事的寓意，我們將對文章寓意題目的設(shè)置稱為moral-question，這是對文章主旨的考查。經(jīng)常用于此句型結(jié)構(gòu)的問題有： What does the comment by suggest? What can be inferred from the passage?。 解答此類問題的關(guān)鍵是在把握故事整體性的基礎(chǔ)上，對故事主人公做出正確評價(jià)。08

10、-6-PASSAGE 3講解32. What do we learn about the greenhouse?A) It was located in a park. B) Its owner died of a heart attack. C) It went bankrupt all of a sudden. D) Its potted plants were for lease only.此題屬于故事性短文中針對人物及專有名詞的細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行提問。在瀏覽題干圈點(diǎn)專有名詞greenhouse后, 迅速在文章里聽到 Just as suddenly, the owner of the green

11、house where I worked as manager died of a heart attack. His family announced that they were going to close the business because no one in the family wanted to run it. 可以得到關(guān)于greenhouse的兩條信息：greenhouse的主人因心臟病突然死亡； greenhouse因無人接管而即將關(guān)閉。33. What was the speaker doing when the customer walked in one morn

12、ing?A) Planting some trees in the greenhouse.B) Writing a want ad to a local newspaper.C) Putting up a Going out of Business“ sign.D) Helping a customer select some purchases.此題屬于故事性短文中針對時(shí)間、對應(yīng)的事件及原因進(jìn)行提問。解答此題的關(guān)鍵是在瀏覽所給問題的基礎(chǔ)上，迅速得到關(guān)鍵詞即時(shí)間狀語when the customer walked in，在聽短文時(shí)便可針對性地做出筆記以記錄所給時(shí)間對應(yīng)的事件，很容易捕獲信息“

13、as I was hanging out Going out of Business sign at the greenhouse，the door opened and in walked a customer.”34. What did the speaker think of when serving the office manager?A) Opening an office in the new office park.B) Keeping better relations with her companyC) Developing fresh business opportunities.D) Building a big greenhouse of his own.此題仍屬于故事性短文中針對時(shí)間、對應(yīng)的事件及原因進(jìn)行提問。得到題干關(guān)鍵詞when serving the office manager后，在文中獲取 Why was I helping her select her purchases? My mind was racing.35. What was the speakers hope for the future?A) Owning the greenhouse one day.B) Securing